Wear-resistant block service life test comparison machine and wear-resistant block service life test method

Abstract

The invention relates to a wear-resistant block service life test comparison machine and a wear-resistant block service life test method, and solves the problem that the traditional test cannot reproduce the dynamic wear of the actual working condition. The equipment comprises an abrasive container, a testing assembly and a rotating / lifting driving assembly, a complex substrate environment is simulated through a mixed abrasive medium, and the testing assembly synchronously clamps a standard wear-resistant block and a to-be-tested wear-resistant block and rotates and abrades under the same working condition. The temperature and the abrasive quantity are monitored during testing, a stable environment is maintained through cooling and material supplementing, and the service life is predicted according to the wear rate ratio. Real working condition simulation is achieved, single-sample testing errors are eliminated, operation convenience and result accuracy are improved, and the device is suitable for synchronous comparison testing of multiple sets of samples.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention particularly relates to a wear-resistant block life test comparison machine and a wear-resistant block life test method. Background Art

[0002] Wear blocks are primarily used for surface protection of drill pipes in large-scale cutter suction dredging equipment. Specific applications include underwater operations such as subsea engineering construction, dredging, and crushing hard rock formations. These blocks must withstand high-speed impact and wear from complex substrates (such as clay and rock). Their performance directly impacts dredging efficiency and equipment maintenance costs. Given their operating environment, wear blocks inevitably fail due to friction and wear, resulting in continuous material loss on their surface, damaging their surface integrity and reducing their fatigue life. This means that in industrial production, not only must the various performance characteristics of wear-resistant parts be improved, but their service life must also be assessed during production. Accurately measuring the friction and wear life of wear-resistant parts can not only guide designers and manufacturers in evaluating the quality of wear-resistant parts, but also provide users with a valuable reference for routine inspection and maintenance. Therefore, the purpose of this application is to design a life test and comparison machine for testing wear blocks used on the surface of drill pipes in large-scale cutter suction dredging equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant block life test comparison machine and a wear-resistant block life test method in response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology, simulate the dynamic wear of actual working conditions, solve the problem that traditional tests cannot be reproduced, improve the convenience of operation and the intuitiveness of the results, and provide wear-resistant block life evaluation conditions that are close to reality.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a wear-resistant block life test comparison machine, including a frame, characterized in that it also includes an abrasive container distributed below the frame and a test component distributed above the abrasive container, the abrasive container is filled with a mixed abrasive medium simulating working conditions, the test component is linked to a rotary drive component that can drive the test component to rotate, and the rotary drive component is linked to a lifting drive component that can drive the rotary drive component and the test component to synchronously rise and fall toward the abrasive container.

[0005] The above technical solution is adopted to simulate the complex bottom environment that the drill pipe of large-scale suction dredging equipment contacts during underwater operation by filling the abrasive container with a simulated working condition mixed abrasive medium; the test assembly is rotated by the rotary drive assembly, so that the wear-resistant block clamped in the test assembly forms a rotating wear motion in the abrasive medium, simulating the high-speed impact and wear process of the drill pipe in actual operation; the lifting drive assembly only drives the test assembly to rise when the test is paused to observe the degree of wear, or drives the test assembly to rise for disassembly after the test is completed, and realizes a quantitative evaluation of its life by monitoring the mass loss, wear rate and other parameters of the wear-resistant block. In summary, it can be seen that the dynamic wear process of the wear-resistant block under actual working conditions is simulated by the rotary drive assembly, which solves the problem that traditional tests cannot truly reproduce the rotary wear environment of the drill pipe; the independent lifting function of the lifting drive assembly avoids the interference of the lifting action on the wear state during the test, and at the same time facilitates the operator to directly observe the degree of wear and disassemble the comparison sample, thereby improving the convenience of the test operation and the intuitiveness of the result observation, and providing a test condition that is closer to the actual application scenario for the wear-resistant block life evaluation.

[0006] The above-mentioned wear-resistant block life test comparison machine can be further configured as follows: the test component includes a rotating rod, a clamp linked to the bottom of the rotating rod, the clamp includes a clamping plate, at least one group of comparison clamps distributed on one side of the clamping plate and welded or detachably connected to the standard wear-resistant block, at least one group of test clamps distributed on the other side of the clamping plate and welded or detachably connected to the wear-resistant block to be tested, a connecting hole is provided in the middle of the clamping plate, and the bottom of the rotating rod is inserted into the connecting hole.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the clamping plate is sleeved under the rotating rod through the connecting hole in the middle thereof, and the clamping plate and the rotating rod can be further fixedly connected by welding. The test assembly rotates synchronously with the rotating rod through the clamping plate; the comparison clamp and the test clamp on both sides of the clamping plate respectively fix the standard wear-resistant block and the wear-resistant block to be tested, and are simultaneously immersed in the mixed abrasive medium during the rotation process. The dynamic interaction with the mixed abrasive medium simulates the wear environment in actual operation, and realizes the synchronous wear comparison of the two wear-resistant blocks under the same working conditions. In summary, it can be seen that this technical solution can clamp the standard sample and the sample to be tested at the same time through the comparison clamp and test clamp structure independently set on both sides of the clamping plate, ensuring that the wear test of the two is carried out under completely consistent rotation speed and abrasive contact conditions, eliminating the error caused by working condition fluctuations in traditional single sample testing.

[0008] The above-mentioned wear-resistant block life test comparison machine can be further configured as follows: the test fixture includes a clamping body fixedly connected to the clamping plate, and the clamping body is provided with a U-shaped connecting groove on the side away from the clamping plate, and the two sides of the U-shaped connecting groove are penetrated by coaxial first fastening holes. When the wear-resistant block to be tested is inserted into the U-shaped connecting groove, a first fastening member is provided at the first fastening hole; the structure of the comparison fixture is consistent with the structure of the test fixture, and the structure of the comparison fixture and the test fixture are both inclined along the rotation direction of the rotating part.

[0009] Using the above technical solution, the test fixture and the comparison fixture respectively position the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block through the U-shaped connecting groove of the clamping body, and the first fastener passes through the first fixing hole to fix the two. The fixture is tilted along the direction of rotation so that the wear-resistant block forms a dynamic contact with the abrasive medium at a preset angle when rotating with the rotating rod. By simulating the impact angle and wear direction when the wear-resistant block is installed on the drill rod in actual operation, the synchronous wear comparison of the two wear-resistant blocks under the same mechanical conditions is achieved. In summary, it can be seen that the U-shaped connecting groove can quickly position the wear-resistant block, and cooperate with the first fastener to achieve multi-directional rigid constraint, avoiding wear deviation caused by loosening of the sample during testing. The fixture is tilted along the direction of rotation so that the contact angle between the wear-resistant block and the abrasive is closer to the impact direction during actual operation of the drill rod, solving the problem that traditional vertical or horizontal clamping cannot reproduce the actual wear conditions. The structural consistency of the comparison fixture and the test fixture further ensures the equivalence of the two groups of samples in clamping stiffness and stress state, and the wear data comparison is more accurate.

[0010] The above-mentioned wear-resistant block life test comparison machine can be further configured as follows: the outer peripheral surface of the rotating part is connected to spiral blades arranged along a spiral line.

[0011] With this technical solution, the spiral blades can, on the one hand, displace soil while the drill rod is actually working, driving the soil at the bottom upwards and facilitating the removal of the drill rod. Furthermore, the spiral blades are arranged along a spiral line, allowing for additional wear-resistant blocks to be clamped onto their surfaces. As the rotating member rotates, the blades move synchronously with it, causing the wear-resistant blocks on the blades to dynamically contact the abrasive medium and generate frictional wear. By separately clamping wear-resistant blocks at the spiral blades and the original cutter row positions, simultaneous wear comparison of multiple groups of samples within the same test cycle is possible, making this particularly suitable for scenarios requiring simultaneous testing of large sample sizes, such as 10 or 20 groups.

[0012] The above-mentioned wear-resistant block life test comparison machine can be further configured as follows: the rotation drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and an adapter sleeve linked to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, the adapter sleeve is provided with a plug-in hole that is open toward the bottom, and a linkage shaft adapted to the plug-in hole is provided above the rotating rod, the adapter sleeve and the linkage shaft are both provided with a second fastening hole arranged coaxially, and a second fastener is provided at the second fastening hole.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotary drive assembly drives the adapter sleeve to rotate through the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the plug-in hole in the adapter sleeve forms an embedded fit with the linkage shaft above the rotating rod. The second fastener passes through the second fixing hole coaxial with the two to achieve rigid locking, so that the rotary power of the hydraulic cylinder is transmitted to the rotating rod through the mechanical connection between the adapter sleeve and the linkage shaft, driving the test assembly to rotate as a whole to simulate the wear condition; when it is necessary to replace the rotating rod or wear-resistant block of different specifications, the second fastener can be removed, and the linkage shaft can be separated from the plug-in hole to complete the rapid disassembly and replacement of the rotating rod. In summary, the combination of the plug-in connection and the second fastener not only ensures the stability of power transmission, but also allows the adapter sleeve and the rotating rod to be separated by simply removing the first fastener, thereby realizing the rapid replacement of rotating rods and wear-resistant blocks of different specifications. It solves the problem of the need for overall disassembly when replacing components in the traditional fixed drive structure, and can detect wear-resistant blocks of different specifications and types.

[0014] The above-mentioned wear-resistant block life test comparison machine can be further configured as: the lifting drive assembly includes a linkage seat, a connecting arm connected to the linkage seat, the end of the connecting arm is linked to a slider, a guide rail is installed on the frame, the slider can be slidably set on the guide rail, and the slider is also linked to a winch; the main body of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the linkage seat.

[0015] Using this technical solution, the lifting drive assembly uses a winch to drive the slider along the guide rail on the frame. The slider drives the linkage seat to rise and fall synchronously via a connecting arm. Since the hydraulic cylinder body is mounted on the linkage seat, the hydraulic cylinder and its connected rotary drive assembly and test assembly move up and down with the linkage seat as a whole, adjusting the contact depth between the test assembly and the abrasive medium. In summary, the coordination of the guide rail and slider ensures straightness during the lifting process and prevents deviation of the test assembly. The winch provides stable power output, enabling long-range, high-precision height adjustment to meet the media contact depth requirements of different wear tests.

[0016] The above-mentioned wear-resistant block life test comparison machine can be further configured as: a first articulated shaft is detachably connected to the top of the linkage seat, an adapter sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the first articulated shaft, and a second articulated shaft is connected to the bottom of the adapter sleeve, the first articulated shaft and the second articulated shaft are perpendicular to each other in different planes, and two groups of connecting flanges symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second articulated shaft are provided above the main body of the hydraulic cylinder, and each group of the connecting flanges is respectively connected to the two ends of the second articulated shaft; an arc-shaped limit plate attached to the outer peripheral surface of the hydraulic cylinder body is provided below the linkage seat.

[0017] Using the above technical solution, the linkage seat is connected to the adapter sleeve via a detachable first hinge shaft above, and the second hinge shaft is connected below the adapter sleeve. The first and second hinge shafts are vertically arranged in different planes, and the hydraulic cylinder body is fixed to both ends of the second hinge shaft via connecting flanges. During installation, the initial angle of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted by the combined rotation of the two hinge shafts. After the adjustment is completed, the position is fixed by locking the first and second hinge shafts. The arc-shaped limit plate below the linkage seat is attached to the outer circumference of the hydraulic cylinder to further fix the hydraulic cylinder and prevent it from shaking. Ultimately, after installation, the hydraulic cylinder forms a fixed connection with the linkage seat, preventing relative movement, and only transmitting rotational power through a preset angle.

[0018] A wear block life test method, characterized in that: it is applied to the wear block life test comparison machine according to any one of claims 3 to 7, and the wear block life test method comprises the following steps: S1: Prepare the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block of the same specification, type and weight, weigh them, and record the weight as M1. The unit of M1 is "g"; S2: Install test components, If the material of the wear block to be tested or the standard wear block is suitable for welding, the welding clamping method is adopted: the wear block to be tested is welded to the test fixture, and the standard wear block is welded to the comparison fixture at the same time; If the material of the wear block to be tested or the standard wear block is not suitable for welding, a mechanical connection method is used: insert the wear block to be tested into the U-shaped connection groove on the test fixture and fasten it with screws or pins, and at the same time, insert the standard wear block into the U-shaped connection groove on the comparison fixture and fasten it with screws or pins; Insert the linkage shaft above the rotating rod into the adapter sleeve below the hydraulic cylinder and fasten it with screws or pins to complete the installation of the test assembly on the wear block life test comparison machine; S3: Abrasive screening and proportioning: mixing abrasive media including pebbles and sand and gravel, and placing the two types of pebbles and sand and gravel in a set ratio into the abrasive container; S4: The wear-resistant block is immersed in the abrasive container, The test assembly is driven downward by the lifting drive assembly. When the set depth H is reached (H is in cm), the descent stops and the position is locked to ensure that both the test block and the standard wear-resistant block are completely immersed in the abrasive and the immersion state is stable. S4: rotation test, Start the hydraulic cylinder and control the rotating rod to work at the set speed n, where the unit of n is "r / min", to drive the wear-resistant block to move in the abrasive medium. During operation, the torque change is monitored in real time. When the torque is abnormal, the machine is stopped for inspection in time to ensure a stable test environment. During the test, the temperature T of the mixed abrasive medium is monitored. The unit of T is "°C". If the temperature T is too high, cooling measures are taken. The total amount of mixed abrasive medium in the abrasive container is continuously observed. If the total amount of mixed abrasive medium decreases, abrasive needs to be replenished to maintain a stable composite wear environment. The total test duration is t, and the unit of t is "min"; S5: Calculate the wear rate, After the set total test time t is reached, the hydraulic cylinder stops rotating and the winch lifts the test assembly to its initial position; Remove the rotating rod, remove the abrasive attached to the surface, and after cleaning, weigh the wear-resistant block to be tested M2-1 and the standard wear-resistant block M2-2 respectively. The unit of M2-1 and M2-2 is "g"; By comparing the weight changes of the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block before and after the test, the wear rate W1 of the wear-resistant block to be tested is calculated according to the formula "W1=(M1-"M2-1") / t". The unit of W1 is "g / min"; The wear rate W2 of the wear-resistant block to be tested is calculated according to the formula "W2= (M1-"M2-2) / t", and the unit of W2 is "g / min"; S6, prediction of the life L1 of the wear-resistant block to be tested, According to the life conversion formula "L1=L2 × (W2 / W1)", L2 is the known life of the standard wear-resistant block, and the unit of L1 and L2 is "h".

[0019] The above-mentioned wear block life test method can be further configured as follows: the cooling measures in step S4 include the following steps: installing 2 to 4 fans outside the abrasive container to remove heat by forced air flow.

[0020] The above technical solution is adopted, by clamping the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block of the same specifications in the test fixture and the comparison fixture respectively, a mixed abrasive medium environment of "pebbles and gravel" is constructed in the abrasive container, and the lifting drive assembly is used to immerse the two in the medium synchronously, and then the rotating drive assembly is used to drive the rotating rod to rotate, so that the wear-resistant block generates friction in the composite wear environment formed by the stirring; after the test, the rotating rod is disassembled to compare the wear rates of the two, and a relative prediction of the life of the wear-resistant block to be tested is achieved. In summary, by synchronously wearing the sample to be tested and the standard sample under the same working conditions, the environmental error of the single test is eliminated and the accuracy of the life prediction is improved. The mixed abrasive medium simulates the multi-particle wear characteristics in real working conditions, solving the problem that traditional single abrasives cannot reproduce complex wear mechanisms.

[0021] Beneficial effects of the present invention: To simulate real working conditions, mixed abrasive media (pebbles and sand and gravel) are used to simulate the complex bottom environment of the drill pipe of large-scale cutter suction dredging equipment. The rotary drive assembly realizes dynamic wear movement of the wear-resistant block, solving the problem that traditional tests cannot reproduce the actual rotational wear environment. The clamping parts are set at an angle along the direction of rotation to simulate the impact angle and wear direction in real operations, which is closer to actual working conditions.

[0022] Synchronous comparative testing: standard wear blocks and the wear blocks to be tested are clamped on both sides of the test assembly to ensure synchronous wear under the same rotation speed and abrasive contact conditions. This avoids errors caused by operating condition fluctuations in traditional single-sample testing and improves data comparison accuracy.

[0023] The lowering drive assembly only drives the test assembly to rise and fall when the test is paused or completed, making it easy to observe the degree of wear and remove the specimen. The use of plug-in connections and fasteners allows for quick replacement of rotating rods and wear-resistant blocks of different specifications, solving the problem of traditional fixed structures requiring overall disassembly.

[0024] The spiral blade design allows for additional clamping of wear-resistant blocks, supporting simultaneous comparison of multiple groups of samples (such as 10 or 20 groups) within the same test cycle, suitable for large sample volume testing needs; the lifting drive assembly achieves high-precision depth adjustment through guide rails and winches to meet the requirements of different wear tests for medium contact depth.

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of an adapter sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the rotating rod according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0027] Reference numerals: abrasive container 1; rotating rod 2, spiral blade 2-1, linkage shaft 2-2; clamping plate 3, comparison clamp 4; test clamp 5, clamping body 5-1, U-shaped connecting groove 5-2, first fastening hole 5-3; linkage seat 6, arc-shaped limit plate 6-1; connecting arm 7, slider 8, guide rail 9, winch 10; hydraulic cylinder 11, connecting flange 11-1; adapter sleeve 12, plug-in hole 12-1, second fastening hole 12-2; first hinge shaft 13, adapter sleeve 14, second hinge shaft 15. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1: Figures 1 to 4 The wear block life test comparison machine shown includes a frame, an abrasive container 1 distributed below the frame, and a test assembly distributed above the abrasive container 1. The abrasive container 1 is filled with a mixed abrasive medium that simulates working conditions. The test assembly is linked to a rotary drive assembly that can drive the test assembly to rotate. The rotary drive assembly is linked to a lifting drive assembly that can drive the rotary drive assembly and the test assembly to rise and fall synchronously toward the abrasive container 1. The mixed abrasive medium that simulates working conditions filled in the abrasive container 1 simulates the complex bottom environment that the drill pipe of large-scale suction dredging equipment encounters during underwater operation. The test assembly is rotated by the rotary drive assembly, causing the wear block clamped in the test assembly to form a rotational wear motion in the abrasive medium, simulating the high-speed impact and wear process of the drill pipe in actual operation. The lifting drive assembly only drives the test assembly to rise when the test is paused to observe the degree of wear, or drives the test assembly to rise for disassembly after the test is completed. By monitoring parameters such as the mass loss and wear rate of the wear block, a quantitative assessment of its life is achieved.

[0030] The test assembly includes a rotating rod 2, a fixture linked to the bottom of the rotating rod 2, the fixture includes a clamping plate 3, at least one group of comparison clamps 4 distributed on one side of the clamping plate 3 and welded or detachably connected to the standard wear-resistant block, at least one group of test clamps 5 distributed on the other side of the clamping plate 3 and welded or detachably connected to the wear-resistant block to be tested, a connecting hole is provided in the middle of the clamping plate 3, and the bottom of the rotating rod 2 is inserted into the connecting hole. The clamping plate 3 is sleeved under the rotating rod 2 through the connecting hole in the middle, and the clamping plate 3 can be further fixedly connected to the rotating rod 2 by welding. The test assembly rotates synchronously with the rotating rod 2 through the clamping plate 3; the comparison clamps 4 and the test clamps 5 on both sides of the clamping plate 3 respectively fix the standard wear-resistant block and the wear-resistant block to be tested, and are simultaneously immersed in the mixed abrasive medium during rotation. The dynamic interaction with the mixed abrasive medium simulates the wear environment in actual operation, and realizes the synchronous wear comparison of the two wear-resistant blocks under the same working conditions.

[0031] The test fixture 5 includes a clamping body 5-1 fixedly connected to the clamping plate 3. A U-shaped connecting groove 5-2 is provided on the side of the clamping body 5-1 away from the clamping plate 3. Coaxial first fixing holes 5-3 are provided on both sides of the U-shaped connecting groove 5-2. When the wear-resistant block to be tested is inserted into the U-shaped connecting groove 5-2, a first fastener is provided at the first fixing hole 5-3. The comparison fixture 4 has the same structure as the test fixture 5, and both the comparison fixture 4 and the test fixture 5 are tilted along the rotation direction of the rotating part. The test fixture 5 and the comparison fixture 4 respectively position the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block through the U-shaped connecting groove 5-2 of the clamping body 5-1. The first fastener passes through the first fixing hole 5-3 to secure the two. The clamping piece is tilted along the direction of rotation so that the wear-resistant block forms dynamic contact with the abrasive medium at a preset angle when rotating with the rotating rod 2. By simulating the impact angle and wear direction when the wear-resistant block is installed on the drill rod in actual operation, the synchronous wear comparison of the two wear-resistant blocks under the same mechanical conditions is achieved.

[0032] The outer circumference of the rotating part is connected to a spiral blade 2-1 arranged along a spiral line. On the one hand, the spiral blade 2-1 can play a role in discharging soil when the drill rod is actually working, and the soil at the bottom is driven upward, making it easier to pull out the drill rod. On the other hand, the spiral blade 2-1 is arranged along a spiral line, and additional wear-resistant blocks can be clamped on the surface of the blade. When the rotating part rotates, the blade moves synchronously with it, causing the wear-resistant blocks on the blade to dynamically contact the abrasive medium and produce friction wear; by clamping wear-resistant blocks on the spiral blade 2-1 and the original knife row position respectively, synchronous wear comparison of multiple groups of samples in the same test cycle can be achieved, which is particularly suitable for scenarios where large sample sizes such as 10 or 20 groups need to be tested simultaneously.

[0033] The rotary drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder 11 and an adapter sleeve 12 linked to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 11. A plug-in hole 12-1 opening downward is provided in the adapter sleeve 12. A linkage shaft 2-2 adapted to the plug-in hole 12-1 is provided above the rotating rod 2. The adapter sleeve 12 and the linkage shaft 2-2 are both provided with a coaxially arranged second fastening hole 12-2, and a second fastener is provided at the second fastening hole 12-2. The rotary drive assembly drives the adapter sleeve 12 to rotate through the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 11. The plug-in hole 12-1 in the adapter sleeve 12 forms an embedded fit with the linkage shaft 2-2 above the rotating rod 2. The second fastener passes through the second fixing hole 12-2 coaxial with the two to achieve rigid locking, so that the rotational power of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is transmitted to the rotating rod 2 through the mechanical connection between the adapter sleeve 12 and the linkage shaft 2-2, driving the test assembly to rotate as a whole to simulate wear conditions; when it is necessary to replace the rotating rod 2 or wear-resistant block of different specifications, the second fastener can be removed, and the linkage shaft 2-2 can be separated from the plug-in hole 12-1 to complete the rapid disassembly and replacement of the rotating rod 2.

[0034] The lifting drive assembly includes a linkage base 6, a connecting arm 7 connected to the linkage base 6, a slider 8 linked to the end of the connecting arm 7, a guide rail 9 mounted on the frame, and a slider 8 slidably disposed on the guide rail 9. The slider 8 is also linked to a winch 10. The main body of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is mounted on the linkage base 6. The lifting drive assembly drives the slider 8 to slide along the guide rail 9 on the frame via the winch 10. The slider 8 drives the linkage base 6 to rise and fall synchronously via the connecting arm 7. Since the main body of the hydraulic cylinder 11 is mounted on the linkage base 6, the hydraulic cylinder 11 and the rotary drive assembly and test assembly connected thereto move up and down as a whole with the linkage base 6, thereby adjusting the contact depth between the test assembly and the abrasive medium.

[0035] The first articulated shaft 13 is detachably connected to the top of the linkage seat 6, and the outer periphery of the first articulated shaft 13 is provided with an adapter sleeve 14. The second articulated shaft 15 is connected to the bottom of the adapter sleeve 14. The first articulated shaft 13 and the second articulated shaft 15 are perpendicular to each other in different planes. Two groups of connecting flanges 11-1 symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second articulated shaft 15 are provided above the body of the hydraulic cylinder 11, and each group of connecting flanges 11-1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the second articulated shaft 15; an arc-shaped limit plate 6-1 attached to the outer periphery of the hydraulic cylinder 11 body is provided below the linkage seat 6. The top of the linkage seat 6 is connected to an adapter sleeve 14 via a detachable first hinge shaft 13, and the bottom of the adapter sleeve 14 is connected to a second hinge shaft 15. The first and second hinge shafts 15 are arranged vertically on different planes. The hydraulic cylinder 11 body is fixed to both ends of the second hinge shaft 15 via a connecting flange 11-1. During installation, the initial angle of the hydraulic cylinder 11 can be adjusted by the combined rotation of the two hinge shafts. After adjustment, the position is fixed by locking the first and second hinge shafts 15. The arc-shaped limit plate 6-1 below the linkage seat 6 is attached to the outer circumference of the hydraulic cylinder 11, further fixing the hydraulic cylinder 11 and preventing it from shaking. Ultimately, after installation, the hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the linkage seat 6, preventing relative movement, and transmitting rotational power only through a preset angle.

[0036] Example 2: Wear block life test method, applied to the wear block life test comparison machine of Example 1, the wear block life test method includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block of the same specification, type and weight, weigh them, and record the weight as M1. The unit of M1 is "g"; S2: Install test components, If the material of the wear-resistant block to be tested or the standard wear-resistant block is suitable for welding, the welding clamping method is adopted: the wear-resistant block to be tested is welded to the test fixture 5, and the standard wear-resistant block is welded to the comparison fixture 4; If the material of the wear block to be tested or the standard wear block is not suitable for welding, a mechanical connection method is used: the wear block to be tested is inserted into the U-shaped connection groove 5-2 on the test fixture 5 and fastened by screws or pins, while the standard wear block is inserted into the U-shaped connection groove 5-2 on the comparison fixture 4 and fastened by screws or pins; Insert the linkage shaft 2-2 above the rotating rod 2 into the adapter sleeve 12 below the hydraulic cylinder 11 and fasten it with screws or pins to complete the installation of the test assembly on the wear-resistant block life test comparison machine; S3: Abrasive screening and proportioning: mixing abrasive media including pebbles and sand and gravel, and placing the two pebbles and sand and gravel in a set ratio into the abrasive container 1; S4: The wear-resistant block is immersed in the abrasive container 1, The test assembly is driven downward by the lifting drive assembly. When the set depth H is reached (H is in cm), the descent stops and the position is locked to ensure that both the test block and the standard wear-resistant block are completely immersed in the abrasive and the immersion state is stable. S4: rotation test, Start the hydraulic cylinder 11 and control the rotating rod 2 to work at the set speed n, where n is measured in "r / min", driving the wear-resistant block to move in the abrasive medium. During operation, the torque change is monitored in real time. If the torque is abnormal, the machine is stopped for inspection in time to ensure a stable test environment. During the test, the temperature T of the mixed abrasive medium is monitored. The unit of T is "°C". When the temperature T is higher than 110°C, cooling measures are taken. 2 to 4 fans are installed outside the abrasive container 1 to remove heat through forced air flow. The total amount of mixed abrasive medium in the abrasive container 1 is continuously monitored. When the total amount of mixed abrasive medium decreases, abrasive needs to be replenished to maintain a stable composite wear environment. The total test duration is t, and the unit of t is "min"; S5: Calculate the wear rate, After the set total test time t is reached, the hydraulic cylinder 11 stops rotating and the winch 10 lifts the test assembly to its initial position; Remove the rotating rod 2, remove the abrasive attached to the surface, and weigh the wear-resistant block to be tested M2-1 and the standard wear-resistant block M2-2 after cleaning. The unit of M2-1 and M2-2 is "g"; By comparing the weight changes of the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block before and after the test, the wear rate W1 of the wear-resistant block to be tested is calculated according to the formula "W1=(M1-"M2-1") / t". The unit of W1 is "g / min"; The wear rate W2 of the wear-resistant block to be tested is calculated according to the formula "W2= (M1-"M2-2) / t", and the unit of W2 is "g / min"; S6, prediction of the life L1 of the wear-resistant block to be tested, According to the life conversion formula "L1=L2 × (W2 / W1)", L2 is the known life of the standard wear-resistant block, and the unit of L1 and L2 is "h".

[0037] Table 1 shows the life prediction of the wear block under different immersion depths unit H=10cm H=15cm H=20cm Pebbles: gravel 3:1 3:1 3:1 M1 g 1000 1000 1000 n r / min 300 300 300 t min 120 120 120 M2-2 g 988 988 988 W2 g / min 0.1 0.1 0.1 M2-1 g 976 982 976 W1 g / min 0.2 0.15 0.2 L2 h 1000 1000 1000 L1 h 500 667 500 Table 2: Wear block life test parameters and life prediction at different speeds unit n=200 r / min n=300 r / min n=400 r / min Pebbles: gravel 3:1 3:1 3:1 M1 g 1000 1000 1000 H cm 15 15 15 t min 120 120 120 M2-2 g 994 988 982 W2 g / min 0.05 0.1 0.15 M2-1 g 988 982 976 W1 g / min 0.1 0.15 0.2 L2 h 1000 1000 1000 L1 h 500 667 750 Table 3: Wear block life test parameters and life prediction under different test durations unit t=60 min t=120 min t=180 min M1 g 1000 1000 1000 H cm 15 15 15 n r / min 300 300 300 Pebbles: gravel - 3:1 3:1 3:1 M2-2 g 994 988 982 W2 g / min 0.1 0.1 0.1 M2-1 g 991 982 973 W1 g / min 0.15 0.15 0.15 L2 h 1000 1000 1000 L1 h 667 667 667 In summary, by comparing the synchronous wear with the standard wear-resistant blocks with known lifespan under the same working conditions, a scientific quantitative evaluation of the lifespan of unknown samples can be achieved based on the wear rate ratio, which solves the error problem caused by working condition fluctuations in traditional single-sample testing, improves the accuracy and reliability of lifespan evaluation, and provides a reference basis close to real working conditions for the practical application of wear-resistant blocks.

[0038] Based on the L1 life data, the following judgments can be made: (1) If L1 is significantly higher than L2, it means that the wear resistance of the wear-resistant block to be tested is better than that of the standard block and is suitable for high wear conditions; if L1 is lower than L2, the material formula or structural design of the wear-resistant block needs to be optimized.

[0039] (2) Combine the L1 value with the wear intensity of the actual working environment to determine whether the wear-resistant block to be tested meets the life requirements of a specific project (such as dredging, mining), so as to avoid equipment failure due to insufficient wear resistance.

[0040] (3) Compare the L1 data of different batches or types of wear-resistant blocks, select wear-resistant block products with higher cost performance, and reduce long-term replacement and maintenance costs.

[0041] (4) If L1 does not meet expectations, the wear rate differences (such as the ratio of W1 to W2) can be analyzed to adjust parameters such as the hardness of the wear-resistant block material, surface treatment process or clamping angle.

Claims

1. A wear block life test and comparison machine, comprising a frame, characterized in that: It also includes an abrasive container distributed below the frame and a test assembly distributed above the abrasive container. The abrasive container is filled with mixed abrasive media that simulates working conditions. The test assembly is linked to a rotary drive assembly that can drive the test assembly to rotate. The rotary drive assembly is linked to a lifting drive assembly that can drive the rotary drive assembly and the test assembly to rise and fall synchronously toward the abrasive container.

2. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test assembly includes a rotating rod and a clamp linked to the bottom of the rotating rod. The clamp includes a clamping plate, at least one group of comparison clamps distributed on one side of the clamping plate and welded or detachably connected to the standard wear-resistant block, and at least one group of test clamps distributed on the other side of the clamping plate and welded or detachably connected to the wear-resistant block to be tested. A connecting hole is provided in the middle of the clamping plate, and the bottom of the rotating rod is inserted into the connecting hole.

3. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The test fixture includes a clamping body fixedly connected to the clamping plate, and a U-shaped connecting groove is provided on the side of the clamping body away from the clamping plate. Both sides of the U-shaped connecting groove are penetrated by coaxial first fixing holes. When the wear-resistant block to be tested is inserted into the U-shaped connecting groove, a first fastener is provided at the first fixing hole; the comparison fixture structure is consistent with the test fixture structure, and the comparison fixture structure and the test fixture are both inclined along the rotation direction of the rotating part.

4. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the rotating member is connected with spiral blades arranged along a spiral line.

5. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary drive assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder and an adapter sleeve linked to the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. The adapter sleeve is provided with a plug-in hole that is open downward. A linkage shaft that is adapted to the plug-in hole is provided above the rotating rod. The adapter sleeve and the linkage shaft are both provided with second fastening holes arranged coaxially, and a second fastener is provided at the second fastening hole.

6. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting drive assembly includes a linkage seat and a connecting arm connected to the linkage seat. The end of the connecting arm is linked to a slider. A guide rail is installed on the frame. The slider can be slidably set on the guide rail. The slider is also linked to a winch. The body of the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the linkage seat.

7. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first articulated shaft is detachably connected to the top of the linkage seat, and a transfer sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the first articulated shaft. The second articulated shaft is connected to the bottom of the transfer sleeve. The first articulated shaft and the second articulated shaft are perpendicular to each other in different planes. Two groups of connecting flanges symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second articulated shaft are provided above the body of the hydraulic cylinder, and each group of connecting flanges is respectively connected to the two ends of the second articulated shaft; an arc-shaped limit plate attached to the outer periphery of the hydraulic cylinder body is provided below the linkage seat.

8. Wear block life test method, characterized by: Applicable to the wear block life test comparison machine according to any one of claims 3 to 7, the wear block life test method comprises the following steps: S1: Prepare the wear-resistant block to be tested and the standard wear-resistant block of the same specifications, types and weight, weigh them, and record the weight as M1. The unit of M1 is "g"; S2: Install test components, If the material of the wear block to be tested or the standard wear block is suitable for welding, the welding clamping method is adopted: the wear block to be tested is welded to the test fixture, and the standard wear block is welded to the comparison fixture at the same time; If the material of the wear block to be tested or the standard wear block is not suitable for welding, a mechanical connection method is used: insert the wear block to be tested into the U-shaped connection groove on the test fixture and fasten it with screws or pins, and at the same time, insert the standard wear block into the U-shaped connection groove on the comparison fixture and fasten it with screws or pins; Insert the linkage shaft above the rotating rod into the adapter sleeve below the hydraulic cylinder and fasten it with screws or pins to complete the installation of the test assembly on the wear block life test comparison machine; S3: Abrasive screening and proportioning: mixing abrasive media including pebbles and sand and gravel, and placing the two types of pebbles and sand and gravel in a set ratio into the abrasive container; S4: The wear-resistant block is immersed in the abrasive container, The test assembly is driven downward by the lifting drive assembly. When the set depth H is reached (H in cm), the descent stops and the position is locked to ensure that both the test block and the standard wear-resistant block are completely immersed in the abrasive and the immersion state is stable. S4: rotation test, Start the hydraulic cylinder and control the rotating rod to work at the set speed n, where n is measured in "r / min", driving the wear-resistant block to move in the abrasive medium. During operation, the torque changes are monitored in real time. If the torque is abnormal, the machine will be stopped for inspection in time to ensure a stable test environment. During the test, the temperature T of the mixed abrasive medium is monitored. The unit of T is "°C". If the temperature T is too high, cooling measures are taken. The total amount of mixed abrasive medium in the abrasive container is continuously observed. If the total amount of mixed abrasive medium decreases, abrasive needs to be replenished to maintain a stable composite wear environment. The total test duration is t, and the unit of t is "min"; S5: Calculate the wear rate, After the set total test time t is reached, the hydraulic cylinder stops rotating and the winch lifts the test assembly to its initial position; Remove the rotating rod, remove the abrasive attached to the surface, and after cleaning, weigh the wear-resistant block to be tested M2-1 and the standard wear-resistant block M2-2 respectively. The unit of M2-1 and M2-2 is "g"; By comparing the weight changes of the wear block to be tested and the standard wear block before and after the test, the wear rate W1 of the wear block to be tested is calculated according to the formula "W1=(M1-"M2-1”) / t". The unit of W1 is "g / min"; Calculate the wear rate W2 of the wear-resistant block to be tested according to the formula "W2=(M1-"M2-2) / t", the unit of W2 is "g / min"; S6, prediction of the life L1 of the wear-resistant block to be tested, According to the life conversion formula "L1=L2 × (W2 / W1)", L2 is the known life of the standard wear-resistant block, and the unit of L1 and L2 is "h".

9. The wear block life test comparison machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The cooling measures in step S4 include the following steps: installing 2 to 4 fans outside the abrasive container to remove heat by forced air flow.

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