Composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof, the composite elastic fiber is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-25 parts of bio-based polyamide PA56, 60-80 parts of Dupont Sorona, 10-20 parts of PET fiber, 0.1-0.5 part of nano titanium dioxide, 0.05-0.2 part of modified graphene and 1-3 parts of citrate, and the composite elastic fiber is used for solving the problems of unbalanced dye permeation and poor color fastness caused by wet difference. The invention discloses a composite elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof. The bio-based polyamide PA56, Dupont Sorona and PET fibers are selected as main raw materials, and additives such as nano titanium dioxide, modified graphene and citrate are added, so that optimal combination of the raw materials is realized. In the preparation process, the composite elastic fiber with excellent performance is prepared through the steps of drying, blending, melt extrusion, spinning, low-temperature plasma treatment and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of textile materials, and more particularly to a composite elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Composite elastic fiber is a kind of elastic fiber made by combining two or more fiber materials with different properties through a special process. This fiber combines the advantages of various components and has excellent elasticity, softness, durability and other special properties.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent document with authorization publication number CN 112342657 A, which discloses a composite elastic fiber and its preparation method. The composite elastic fiber's raw materials are formulated as follows, by weight: 100 parts DuPont Sorona and 20-40 parts PET fiber. The cross-section PET fiber and DuPont Sorona are opened and decontaminated in a ratio of (20-40):100, then mixed to produce a sliver. The sliver undergoes two drawing stages to fully blend the two fibers. The blended yarn is then automatically wound. The composite elastic fiber exhibits a natural, permanent spiral crimp, intentional bulk, elasticity, elastic recovery, and color fastness. It has a soft hand and can be woven alone or interwoven with cotton, viscose, polyester, or nylon to create a variety of styles. It can be woven directly on air-jet, water-jet, or rapier looms, reducing yarn cost and improving product quality uniformity. The above-mentioned existing technologies have the following defects in use: Traditional composite elastic fibers (such as CN 112342657 A) are mostly made by mixing DuPont Sorona and PET fibers. Although they have a certain degree of elasticity, the difference in hygroscopicity between PET fiber and Sorona leads to uneven dye penetration and insufficient color fastness. After long-term use, the elastic recovery rate decreases by more than 30%. Especially in hot and humid environments, they are prone to aging and elasticity decline, which reduces product quality.

[0004] Therefore, a new solution needs to be proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the problems of uneven dyeing and rapid elasticity decay of the existing composite elastic fiber.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: a composite elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that the raw materials include, by weight: 10-25 parts of bio-based polyamide PA56, 60-80 parts of DuPont Sorona, 10-20 parts of PET fiber, 0.1-0.5 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 0.05-0.2 parts of modified graphene, and 1-3 parts of citrate.

[0007] The PET fiber is Y-shaped trilobal cross section, the single fiber fineness is 1.2-2.5 dtex, and the cross section area ratio is 1:1.5-2.0.

[0008] The modified graphene is amino-oxidized graphene, the particle size is 50-100 nm, and the surface grafting rate is greater than or equal to 85%.

[0009] Further, the application also provides a preparation method of the composite elastic fiber, including the following steps.

[0010] Step 1: PA56, Sorona and PET are dried to a water content of less than 0.005%, and then blended with nano-titanium dioxide, modified graphene and citrate ester;

[0011] Step 2: melt extrusion through a double screw (temperature range 220-250 DEG C), and spinning through a composite spinneret plate, wherein the core layer is a PA56 / Sorona melt, and the outer layer is a PET / graphene melt;

[0012] Step 3: the yarn is wound into a shape after low-temperature plasma treatment, and the winding speed is 3500-4000 m / min.

[0013] The application further provides that the spinneret plate in step 2 is a double-layer structure, the inner layer has a pore diameter of 0.25 mm, the outer layer has a pore diameter of 0.18 mm, and the melt flow rate ratio of the core layer to the outer layer is 3:1.

[0014] The application further provides that the plasma treatment parameters in step 3 are as follows: argon flow rate 20-30 L / min, radio frequency power 250 W, and treatment time 45 s.

[0015] The application further provides that the breaking strength of the composite elastic fiber is greater than or equal to 5.8 cN / dtex, the elastic recovery rate is greater than or equal to 95% (after 50% tensile deformation), and the strength retention rate after ultraviolet aging for 500 h is greater than 90%.

[0016] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. By selecting bio-based polyamide PA56, DuPont Sorona and PET fiber as main raw materials, and adding nano-titanium dioxide, modified graphene and citrate ester and other additives, the raw materials are optimally combined. In the preparation process, through the steps of drying, blending, melt extrusion, spinning and low-temperature plasma treatment, a composite elastic fiber with excellent performance is prepared, which significantly improves the dyeing uniformity of the composite elastic fiber, solves the problem of uneven dye penetration caused by poor moisture absorption of traditional composite elastic fiber, improves the elastic recovery rate and strength of the composite elastic fiber, reduces the elastic decay rate after long-term use, and especially in a hot and humid environment, the aging speed of the fiber is significantly slowed down. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable a person skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments, and it should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0019] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, “outer”, “top / bottom end” and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the shown orientation or positional relationship, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms “mounting”, “provided with”, “sleeved / connected”, “connected” and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “connected” can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] The present application will be described in detail below.

[0022] A kind of composite elastic fiber and its preparation method, raw material includes by weight fraction: bio-based polyamide PA5610-25 parts, Dupont Sorona 60-80 parts, PET fiber 10-20 parts, nano titanium dioxide 0.1-0.5 parts, modified graphene 0.05-0.2 parts, citric acid ester 1-3 parts.

[0023] PET fiber is Y-shaped trilobal cross section, single filament fineness 1.2-2.5 dtex, cross section area ratio is 1:1.5-2.0.

[0024] Modified graphene is amino-oxidized graphene, particle size 50-100 nm, surface grafting rate ≥85%.

[0025] PA56, Sorona, PET are dried to moisture content <0.005%, and are blended with nano titanium dioxide, modified graphene, citric acid ester;

[0026] Through double-screw melt extrusion (temperature interval 220-250 DEG C), spinning through composite spinneret, core layer is PA56 / Sorona melt, outer layer is PET / graphene melt;

[0027] The filament bundle is wound into shape after being treated with low-temperature plasma, with a winding speed of 3500-4000m / min.

[0028] In step 2, the spinneret has a double-layer structure, with an inner layer aperture of 0.25 mm, an outer layer aperture of 0.18 mm, and a core layer to outer layer melt flow ratio of 3:1.

[0029] The plasma treatment parameters in step 3 are argon gas flow rate 20-30 L / min, RF power 250 W, and treatment time 45 s.

[0030] The composite elastic fiber has a breaking strength of ≥5.8 cN / dtex, an elastic recovery rate of ≥95% (after 50% stretching deformation), and a strength retention rate of >90% after UV aging for 500 hours.

[0031] Working Principle: Bio-based polyamide PA56, DuPont Sorona, and PET fibers are selected as the primary raw materials, along with additives such as nano-titanium dioxide, modified graphene, and citrate esters, achieving an optimized raw material combination. The production process involves drying, blending, melt extrusion, spinning, and low-temperature plasma treatment to produce a composite elastic fiber with excellent performance.

[0032] Specifically, the blend of bio-based polyamide PA56 and DuPont Sorona enhances the fiber's elasticity and durability. The PET fiber's unique cross-sectional shape and fineness, along with the addition of modified graphene, further improves dyeing uniformity and strength. The addition of nano-titanium dioxide and citrate enhances the fiber's UV aging resistance and abrasion resistance.

[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite elastic fiber and a preparation method thereof, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by weight: 10-25 parts of bio-based polyamide PA56, 60-80 parts of DuPont Sorona, 10-20 parts of PET fiber, 0.1-0.5 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 0.05-0.2 parts of modified graphene, and 1-3 parts of citrate.

2. The composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PET fiber has a Y-shaped trilobal cross section, a single fiber fineness of 1.2-2.5 dtex, and a cross-sectional area ratio of 1:1.5-2.

0.

3. The composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified graphene is amino-modified graphene oxide with a particle size of 50-100 nm and a surface grafting rate of ≥85%.

4. The method for preparing the composite elastic fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) PA56, Sorona, and PET were dried to a moisture content of <0.005%, and then blended with nano-titanium dioxide, modified graphene, and citrate; (2) Through twin-screw melt extrusion (temperature range 220-250 ° C), spinning through a composite spinneret, the core layer is PA56 / Sorona melt and the outer layer is PET / graphene melt; (3) The filament bundle is wound into shape after low-temperature plasma treatment, with a winding speed of 3500-4000m / min.

5. The composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the spinneret is a double-layer structure, with an inner layer aperture of 0.25 mm, an outer layer aperture of 0.18 mm, and a core layer to outer layer melt flow ratio of 3:

1.

6. The composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plasma treatment parameters in step (3) are argon flow rate 20-30 L / min, RF power 250 W, and treatment time 45 s.

7. The composite elastic fiber and preparation method thereof according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composite elastic fiber has a breaking strength of ≥5.8 cN / dtex, an elastic recovery rate of ≥95% (after 50% stretching deformation), and a strength retention rate of >90% after UV aging for 500 hours.