Planting method for intercropping oats and sweet potatoes

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for intercropping oats and sweet potatoes, and relates to the technical field of pasture planting. The planting method comprises the following steps that seeds of the oats and seeds of the sweet potatoes are sown according to the planting row ratio of (1-3): (1-3) and the preset sowing amount; wherein the seeding rate of the oats is 90-100 kg.hm <-2 >, and the seeding rate of the sweet potatoes with light leaves is 60-70 kg.hm <-2 >. According to the method, by screening the planting row ratio of the oats to the sweet potatoes, the biological diversity and stability of a farmland ecological system are improved, and the forage grass yield and quality are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of forage grass planting, in particular to a planting method of oat intercropping with light leaf purple clover. BACKGROUND

[0002] Winter idle field generally refers to the field that is idle from after late rice harvesting to before early rice transplanting. Guangxi region is a typical subtropical double-cropping rice production area, and the winter idle period in this region generally lasts from November to early April of the next year, with a time span of up to 5 months. As an important agricultural region in southern China, Guangxi has unique subtropical climate conditions and abundant land resources. In particular, winter idle field resources are widely available, providing a broad space for agricultural diversification.

[0003] In a grassland mixed planting system, legumes and gramineous forages mixed planting has both economic and ecological benefits, but there is competition between grasses and legume forages in terms of nutrients and water resources. As a sustainable intensive planting mode, intercropping improves the productivity of farmland ecosystems and soil fertility through the efficient use of resources such as water, light, and heat by different crops. And grass-legume intercropping is a diversified planting mode with significant advantages and the most widely used in China's agricultural production. A reasonable grass-legume intercropping mode can efficiently utilize resources, improve land productivity, enhance ground cover, reduce soil erosion, and improve soil in low-yield areas.

[0004] Oat is a cold-season annual forage with high yield, good quality, and good palatability. During its growth cycle, the plant has strong growth vigor, strong tillering ability, tender and juicy stem and leaf tissues, and is rich in crude protein, dietary fiber, and functional active ingredients, making it an excellent source of roughage for ruminants and monogastric livestock and poultry. However, there are some drawbacks to planting oat alone. Ecologically, the system has poor stability, weak root soil fixation ability, and low biodiversity, which can lead to soil nutrient imbalance and structure deterioration. In terms of production, long-term monoculture can lead to continuous decline in soil fertility, reduced yield and quality, increased production risk and system vulnerability, and constraints on sustainable agricultural development.

[0005] As a high-quality legume forage, light leaf purple clover has a crude protein content of 18% to 25%, is rich in calcium, phosphorus, and essential amino acids, has good palatability, and has a high digestibility, making it an excellent source of feed for ruminants and monogastric animals. In a grass-legume intercropping system, it has a significant ecological complementary effect with gramineous crops such as rice and wheat. On the one hand, it reduces nitrogen fertilizer application through root nodule nitrogen fixation, and on the other hand, its deep root system can activate deep nutrients and improve soil structure. In addition, planting during the winter idle period can form biological cover, suppress weeds, and reduce soil erosion, achieving efficient use of resources. Light leaf purple clover has strong adaptability in southern China, such as Liangshan in Sichuan and Weining in Guizhou, and has good yield and stability.

[0006] White clover is a perennial legume forage grass, with wide adaptability, fast growth rate, and long growth period. It performs well in the warm and humid climate of southern Guangxi and has high nutritional value and high forage value.

[0007] Both light-leaved purple knotweed and white clover perform well in southern China. Therefore, intercropping oats with legume forage not only makes full use of natural resources such as light, heat, water and soil, but also improves the productivity and stability of the whole farmland through the interaction between forage grasses, such as nutrient complementation and pest control.

[0008] However, current research on intercropping oats with light-leaved purple knotweed is still insufficient, especially the optimization of intercropping ratio, planting density and field management. Traditionally, agricultural production often focuses on the yield improvement of single forage, ignoring the comprehensive benefits brought by intercropping forage. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore a method of intercropping oats with light-leaved purple knotweed.

[0009] In view of this, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0010] The present application aims to provide a planting method for intercropping oats with light-leaved purple knotweed to solve the problems of single planting structure, soil fertility decline and difficulty in improving forage yield and quality in Guangxi.

[0011] The present application is implemented as follows:

[0012] The present application provides a planting method for intercropping oats with light-leaved purple knotweed, which comprises the following steps:

[0013] The seeds of oats and light-leaved purple knotweed are sown according to the planting row ratio of 1-3:1-3 and the preset sowing amount. The sowing amount of oats is 90-100 kg·hm -2 , and the sowing amount of light-leaved purple knotweed is 60-70 kg·hm -2 .

[0014] The planting row spacing is 30±5 cm. After sowing, field management is performed.

[0015] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present application provides a planting method for intercropping oats with light-leaved purple knotweed, which improves the biodiversity, stability, yield and quality of the farmland ecosystem by selecting the planting row ratio of oats and light-leaved purple knotweed.

[0017] The present application improves the soil environment, promotes the accumulation of soil organic matter and the improvement of soil structure through the nitrogen fixation and root activity of legume forage, and provides more fertile soil conditions for forage growth.

[0018] The planting method provided by the application significantly improves the yield and quality of forage grass. Reasonable intercropping ratio optimizes the growth space and resource allocation between forage grasses, promotes mutual symbiosis and synergistic growth between forage grasses, and thus significantly improves the comprehensive production performance.

[0019] The application promotes the sustainable development of agriculture. The application reduces the use amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, reduces the negative impact of agricultural production on the environment, improves the utilization efficiency of land resources, fully utilizes the winter idle land in Guangxi, and provides a new idea and technical support for the green development of agriculture in Guangxi, BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 Planting schematic diagram and actual planting diagram of different intercropping combinations of oats and light purple flower amaranth;

[0022] Figure 2 Planting schematic diagram and actual planting diagram of different intercropping combinations of oats and white clover;

[0023] Figure 3 Effects of different intercropping ratios on natural plant heights of oats and two legume forages ((A) effects of different intercropping ratios on natural plant heights of oats and light purple flower amaranth; (B) effects of different intercropping ratios on natural plant heights of oats and white clover);

[0024] Figure 4 Effects of different intercropping ratios on absolute plant heights of oats and two legume forages ((A) effects of different intercropping ratios on absolute plant heights of oats and light purple flower amaranth; (B) effects of different intercropping ratios on absolute plant heights of oats and white clover);

[0025] Figure 5 Effects of different intercropping ratios on tillering / branching numbers of oats and two legume forages ((A) effects of different intercropping ratios on tillering / branching numbers of oats and light purple flower amaranth; (B) effects of different intercropping ratios on tillering / branching numbers of oats and white clover);

[0026] Figure 6Effects of different intercropping ratios on the fresh grass yield of oats and two legume forages; ((A) Effects of different intercropping ratios on the fresh grass yield of oats and Vetchling vetch; (B) Effects of different intercropping ratios on the fresh grass yield of oats and white clover);

[0027] Figure 7 This is a correlation analysis of growth traits and nutritional quality of intercropping between oats and Vetch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, one or more examples of which are described below. Each example is provided to illustrate, not to limit, the present invention. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment may be used in another embodiment to produce further embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the preparations or unit doses herein, some methods and materials are now described. Unless otherwise indicated, the techniques employed or contemplated herein are standard methods. Materials, methods, and examples are illustrative and non-limiting only.

[0030] Intercropping refers to a planting model in which two or more plants (such as forage grasses or legumes) are planted simultaneously or at different times on the same piece of land, in order to improve the overall yield, quality and sustainable use of land through the ecological complementarity between species.

[0031] The present invention provides a planting method for intercropping oats with glabra vetch, which comprises the following steps:

[0032] The seeds of oats and vetch were sown according to the planting row ratio of 1-3:1-3 and the preset sowing rate; the sowing rate of oats was 90-100 kg·hm -2 The sowing rate of glossy purple vetch is 60-70 kg·hm -2 ;

[0033] The spacing between planting rows is 30±5cm; after sowing, field management is carried out.

[0034] The inventors find that, by sowing the seeds of oat and Amorpha canescens according to a planting row ratio of 1-3:1-3, the natural plant height and absolute plant height of Amorpha canescens can be significantly improved, and the natural plant height and absolute plant height of oat can be maintained at a level comparable to that in the condition of non-intercropping. If oat and white clover are sown according to the above intercropping ratio, the natural plant height and absolute plant height of white clover cannot be significantly improved. Therefore, the selection of oat and Amorpha canescens for intercropping helps to fully utilize the ecological complementary effect of the two to improve the plant height of Amorpha canescens.

[0035] The tiller number of oat is less affected by the intercropping ratio and is relatively stable in the combination of oat and Amorpha canescens intercropping. Under the above intercropping ratio, the fresh forage grass yield is relatively stable.

[0036] In an embodiment, the seeds of oat and Amorpha canescens are sown according to a planting row ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 2:1, 2:2, 2:3, 3:1, 3:2 or 3:3.

[0037] The above sowing amount is in units of hm -2 , i.e. 10,000 square meters or 1 hectare.

[0038] The spacing of planting rows is preferably the same, and in other embodiments, the spacing of planting rows can be set to be different as needed, such as setting the row spacing between oat and oat to be wider and the row spacing between oat and Amorpha canescens to be narrower, or setting the row spacing between oat and oat to be narrower and the row spacing between oat and Amorpha canescens to be wider.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the seeds of oat and Amorpha canescens are sown according to a planting row ratio of 1:1, 3:1 or 1:3 and according to a preset sowing amount.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the seeds of oat and Amorpha canescens are sown according to a planting row ratio of 3:1 and a preset sowing amount. Under this planting row ratio, oat and Amorpha canescens have higher comprehensive production performance, which is manifested in higher natural plant height and absolute plant height, higher branch number of Amorpha canescens and higher fresh grass yield.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the sowing depth is 3-5 cm.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the sowing region is Guangxi.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the sowing time is from October to November. The sowing time is any one of October and November.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the application, before sowing, 10-12 kg of compound fertilizer per mu is applied to the land to be sowed; the compound fertilizer is selected from any one or a mixture of two or more of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium hydrogen phosphonate, and potassium citrate.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the application, after sowing, the type of fertilizer applied is diammonium hydrogen phosphate, and the amount of fertilizer applied is 10 kg per mu.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the irrigation cycle is determined according to the water requirement law of oats; oats are more sensitive to water, and the drought resistance of light-leaved purple amaranth is relatively strong, so timely irrigation is performed during the seedling stage and the jointing stage of oats to meet the water requirement for rapid growth. When it is in the rainy season or continuous rainy weather, the irrigation interval is appropriately extended, and ditch drainage or mechanical drainage measures are taken to prevent root hypoxia and disease caused by field waterlogging.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the application, the single irrigation amount is 30-40 cubic meters per mu during the seedling stage, and the single irrigation amount is 50-60 cubic meters per mu during the jointing stage.

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. If the reagents or instruments used are not specified by the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be purchased on the market.

[0049] The features and performance of the application are further described below in combination with embodiments.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] The embodiment provides a planting method for oat intercropping with light-leaved purple amaranth, and the row ratio of oat intercropping with light-leaved purple amaranth is 3:1 in the embodiment, and the specific planting method is as follows:

[0052] 1. Natural profile of the planting test area

[0053] The test site is located in the Nongke Xincheng base of Fusui County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and has a geographical location of 22°63'N, 107°90'E and an altitude of 81 m. Fusui County has a subtropical monsoon climate, with high temperature and heavy rain in summer, sufficient light and heat, warm and humid in spring, dry and little rain in autumn, and short and low temperature in winter. The average annual temperature is 22.1°C, the annual rainfall is about 1192 mm, and the annual sunshine hours are about 1570 h. The soil is yellow soil.

[0054] 2. Land preparation: In view of the soil characteristics and climatic conditions in Guangxi, meticulous land preparation is carried out before sowing, including deep plowing, raking the ground, and thoroughly removing weeds and residues. Scientific and reasonable row spacing is reserved according to the intercropping design to ensure sufficient light, good ventilation conditions, and balanced nutrient absorption for intercropped forage grasses.

[0055] 3. Distribution design and planting:

[0056] The test plot area is 16.5m 2 , with a length of 5m and a width of 3.3m. A total of 12 rows are planted in each plot with a row spacing of 30cm. A randomized block distribution design is adopted, and the intercropping ratio of oats and light purple amaranth is 3:1. Each treatment is set up 3 times to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the data. A 1m protective row is set around the test field to reduce the influence of edge effects on experimental results. The sowing materials are "Indimite" oats and "Liangshan" light purple amaranth.

[0057] The sowing amount of oats is 90-100kg·hm -2 , and the sowing amount of light purple amaranth is 60-70kg·hm -2 . The specific sowing amount of each plot is shown in Table 1.

[0058] In October 2023, oats and light purple amaranth were respectively strip sown, and each plot was manually dug 12 rows with a row spacing of 30cm and a sowing depth of 3-5cm. After sowing, the soil was covered with about 1cm. The field management level is slightly higher than the local field production level, and timely irrigation and weeding are carried out to ensure the water and fertilizer needs of normal growth and development. According to the soil fertility status of the test field, 10kg / acre of compound fertilizer (diammonium phosphate) is applied before sowing, and 300g of compound fertilizer is applied per plot as base fertilizer. According to the weather conditions, water needs to be poured in time during the seedling stage, which is the water-sensitive period, to ensure uniform irrigation of each plot. The single irrigation amount is 30-40 cubic meters per mu during the seedling stage, and the single irrigation amount is 50-60 cubic meters per mu during the jointing stage. After sowing, diammonium phosphate is used as the type of fertilizer at the seedling stage, and the amount of fertilizer is 10kg / acre. In case of excessive rainfall, drainage should be carried out in time to prevent root hypoxia and disease caused by field waterlogging. During the growth period, according to the occurrence of insect pests and diseases in the field, low-toxicity and high-efficiency pesticides are selected for timely prevention and control.

[0059] During field management, special attention is paid to the competition and complementary relationship between different forage grasses in the intercropping system in terms of water, light and nutrients, and timely adjustment of management measures is made to promote the symbiotic and healthy growth of forage grasses.

[0060] Table 1 Plot Sowing Amount

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping ratio, and the intercropping ratio of oat and smooth amaranth in this example is 1:1. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping ratio, and the intercropping ratio of oat and smooth amaranth in this example is 1:3. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping ratio, and the intercropping ratio of oat and smooth amaranth in this example is 1:0. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1.

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping ratio, and the intercropping ratio of oat and smooth amaranth in this example is 0:1. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping type and the intercropping ratio, and in this example, oat is sown, and the intercropping ratio of oat and “Lotte” white clover is 1:0. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1. The seeding amount of oat is 90 kg·hm -2 .

[0073] Comparative Example 4

[0074] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping type and the intercropping ratio, and in this example, oat and “Lotte” white clover are intercropped, and the intercropping ratio of the two is 3:1. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1. The seeding amount of oat is 90 kg·hm -2 , and the seeding amount of white clover is 40 kg·hm -2 .

[0075] Comparative Example 5

[0076] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is the intercropping type and the intercropping ratio, and in this example, oat and “Lotte” white clover are intercropped, and the intercropping ratio of the two is 1:1. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1. The seeding amount of oat is 90 kg·hm -2 , and the seeding amount of white clover is 40 kg·hm -2 .

[0077] Comparative Example 6

[0078] The difference compared with Example 1 is only that the intercropping species and the intercropping ratio are different. In this example, oat and white clover "Rote" are intercropped, and the intercropping ratio of the two is 1:3. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1. The seeding amount of oat is 90 kg·hm -2 , and the seeding amount of white clover is 40 kg·hm -2 .

[0079] Comparative Example 7

[0080] The difference compared with Example 1 is only that the intercropping species and the intercropping ratio are different. In this example, only white clover "Rote" is sown, and the intercropping ratio of oat and white clover "Rote" is 0:1. The seeding amount is shown in Table 1. The seeding amount of white clover is 40 kg·hm -2 .

[0081] Experimental Example 1

[0082] This experimental example tests the effects of different intercropping ratios on the natural height and absolute height of forage grass.

[0083] The plant height determination method is as follows: After sowing, the natural height, absolute height, tiller number / branch number and other growth trait indexes of oat and legume forage of each example and comparative example are measured every 30 days.

[0084] The test data are statistically analyzed by using Excel 2021 software, single factor analysis of variance is carried out by using IBM SPSS statistics21, multiple comparisons are carried out by using Duncan's method, P<0.05 indicates that the difference is significant, and Origin2024 is used for plotting.

[0085] The planting schematic diagram and actual planting diagram of oat intercropped with smooth amaranth in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are shown in Figure 1 , wherein (A) is the planting schematic diagram of oat and smooth amaranth (1:0) and its 90-day field growth performance. (B) is the planting schematic diagram of oat and smooth amaranth (3:1) and its 90-day field growth performance. (C) is the planting schematic diagram of oat and smooth amaranth (1:1) and its 90-day field growth performance. (D) is the planting schematic diagram of oat and smooth amaranth (1:3) and its 90-day field growth performance. (E) is the planting schematic diagram of oat and smooth amaranth (0:1) and its 90-day field growth performance.

[0086] The planting schematic diagram and actual planting diagram of oat intercropped with white clover in Comparative Examples 3-7 are shown in Figure 2As shown, (A) Schematic diagram of the planting ratio of oats and white clover (1:0) and its field growth performance over 90 days. (B) Schematic diagram of the planting ratio of oats and white clover (3:1) and its field growth performance over 90 days. (C) Schematic diagram of the planting ratio of oats and white clover (1:1) and its field growth performance over 90 days. (D) Schematic diagram of the planting ratio of oats and white clover (1:3) and its field growth performance over 90 days. (E) Schematic diagram of the planting ratio of oats and white clover (0:1) and its field growth performance over 90 days.

[0087] like Figure 3 As shown in Figure A, the natural plant height of oats and Vetchling vetchling increased with the growth of forage. On the 30th, 60th, and 90th days of forage growth, the natural plant height of oats in intercropping ratios of 1:0 and 3:1 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (P < 0.05). On the 90th day, the natural plant height of Vetchling vetchling in intercropping ratios of 3:1 and 1:1 was significantly higher than that of its single crop (P < 0.05). Figure 3 As shown in Figure B, the natural plant height of white clover was lower at 30, 60, and 90 days of growth. Compared with the smooth-leaved purple vetch, white clover had poor growth. Compared with the unintercropped white clover control (Comparative Example 7), intercropping did not significantly increase the natural plant height of white clover.

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown in A, when the forage grass grew to 30 days, the absolute plant height of oats under the intercropping ratio of 1:0 and 3:1 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the absolute plant height of glossy purple vetch under different intercropping ratios (P > 0.05). At 60 days, the absolute plant height of oats under the intercropping ratio of 3:1 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (P < 0.05), which was 91.01 cm. The absolute plant height of glossy purple vetch under the intercropping ratios of 3:1 and 0:1 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (P < 0.05). At 90 days, the absolute plant height of oats under the intercropping ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:0 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (P < 0.05), with the highest reaching 155.39 cm at 3:1. The absolute plant height of glossy purple vetch under the intercropping ratios of 3:1 and 1:1 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups (P < 0.05). As Figure 4 As shown in Figure B, at the 30th, 60th, and 90th day of forage growth, the absolute plant height of white clover was lower, and it was at a disadvantage compared with the smooth-leaved purple vetch. Compared with the control white clover without intercropping (Comparative Example 7), the absolute plant height of white clover could not be significantly increased after intercropping.

[0089] Experimental Example 2

[0090] This experimental example tests the effects of different intercropping ratios (Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-7) on the number of tillers / branches of forage grasses. The data analysis method is the same as that of Experimental Example 1.

[0091] like Figure 5As shown in Figure A, when the forage grass grew to 90 days old, the tiller number of oats intercropped with glossy purple vetch was not significantly different from that of oats alone (P>0.05). The tiller number of oats was less affected by the intercropping ratio and was relatively stable in the oat-glossy purple vetch intercropping combination. When the intercropping ratio of oats to glossy purple vetch was 3:1, the glossy purple vetch had the highest number of branches, 11.81. Figure 5 As shown in B, the number of branches of white clover is lower. Overall, the number of branches of glossy vetch in the intercropping of oats and white clover is higher than that of white clover in the intercropping of oats and white clover.

[0092] Experimental Example 3

[0093] Forage yield testing.

[0094] About 90 days after sowing, randomly select a 1-meter section away from the boundary of each treatment plot and mow it flush with the ground. The fresh weight of one square meter of forage grass is measured. The fresh grass is placed in a cool place to air dry and the air-dried weight is measured.

[0095] like Figure 6 As shown in A, the fresh grass yield of oats and glossy vetch intercropping ratios of 1:0, 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 was significantly higher than that of glossy vetch monoculture (P < 0.05). The highest fresh grass yield was 80.97 t·hm when the intercropping ratio was 3:1. -2 .like Figure 6 As shown in Figure B, the fresh grass yield of legume forage monoculture was significantly lower than that of oats intercropped with legume forage. Overall, the fresh grass yield of oats intercropped with glossy vetch was higher than that of oats intercropped with white clover.

[0096] Experimental Example 4

[0097] This experiment tests the effects of different intercropping ratios on the nutritional quality of forage and analyzes the correlation between the growth traits and nutritional quality of forage.

[0098] (1) The method for determining the nutritional quality of forage is as follows:

[0099] About 90 days after sowing, a certain amount of fresh grass was cut and dried to a constant weight. The hay was then used to measure the forage quality of oats and two legumes under different intercropping ratios, such as crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, NDF (neutral detergent fiber) and ADF (acid detergent fiber) and other feed nutritional evaluation indicators.

[0100] The crude protein (CP) and crude fat (EE) contents of the forage grasses were not significantly affected by the different intercropping species and proportions (P>0.05). The crude ash content of the forage grasses in the oat:leafy purple kohlrabi (1:0) intercropping combination was significantly lower than that in the other intercropping combinations. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content was the lowest in the leafy purple kohlrabi monoculture (0:1) and was significantly lower than that in the other intercropping combinations (P<0.05). The acid detergent fiber (ADF) content in the oat:leafy purple kohlrabi (3:1) intercropping combination was significantly lower than that in the other intercropping combinations (P<0.05).

[0101] Table 2 Effects of different intercropping species and proportions on the nutritional quality of forage grasses

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05) in the same column.

[0105] (2) Comprehensive evaluation of the effects of different intercropping proportions on the comprehensive production performance of forage grasses.

[0106] To comprehensively evaluate the production performance and forage grass quality of each variety, we used natural plant height, branch number, fresh grass yield, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber as indicators for gray correlation degree analysis.

[0107] The analysis method was as follows: According to the gray system theory, we established a gray system with 8 indicators measured in 10 different intercropping species and proportion combinations. Each combination was used as a factor in the gray system, and the gray correlation degree analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the main production performance and nutritional quality. According to the actual production needs, the upper limit measure was used for fresh grass yield, natural plant height, branch number, crude protein content, and crude fat content, and the lower limit measure was used for crude ash content, neutral detergent fiber content, and acid detergent fiber content.

[0108] As shown in Table 3, the weighted correlation degrees and rankings of different intercropping combinations were as follows: the weighted correlation degree of the oat:leafy purple kohlrabi (3:1) intercropping combination was the highest at 0.887, indicating that the comprehensive production performance of the oat:leafy purple kohlrabi (3:1) intercropping combination was the best.

[0109] Table 3 Weighted correlation degrees and rankings of different intercropping combinations

[0110]

[0111] (3) Correlation analysis of the growth traits and nutritional quality of forage grasses

[0112] In order to deeply understand the relationship between the growth traits and nutritional quality of forage grass in oat and smooth pigweed intercropping, the correlation analysis of the growth traits and nutritional quality of forage grass was carried out. The correlation analysis of the growth traits and nutritional quality of forage grass is shown in Figure 7 The fresh grass yield was significantly positively correlated with the absolute plant height and the crude fat content (P<0.05). The natural plant height was extremely significantly positively correlated with the absolute plant height (P<0.01), significantly positively correlated with the crude fat content (P<0.05), and significantly negatively correlated with the branch number and the neutral detergent fiber (P<0.05). The absolute plant height was significantly positively correlated with the crude fat (P<0.05), and significantly negatively correlated with the neutral detergent fiber (P<0.05).

[0113] In summary, according to the comprehensive evaluation of the key agronomic traits and the nutritional quality, the oat and smooth pigweed intercropping is better than the oat and white clover intercropping as a whole, and the comprehensive production performance of the oat and smooth pigweed intercropping is better, and the intercropping ratio is 3:1.

[0114] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for planting oats intercropped with Vetch, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: The seeds of oats and vetch were sown according to the planting row ratio of 1-3:1-3 and the preset sowing rate; the sowing rate of oats was 90-100 kg·hm -2 The sowing rate of glossy purple vetch is 60-70 kg·hm -2 ; The spacing between planting rows is 30±5cm; after sowing, field management is carried out.

2. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetchling vetch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeds of oats and vetch were sown according to the planting row ratio of 1:1, 3:1 or 1:3 and the preset sowing rate.

3. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeds of oats and vetch were sown according to a planting row ratio of 3:1 and a preset sowing rate.

4. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sowing depth is 3-5 cm.

5. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sowing area is Guangxi.

6. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The sowing time is October-November.

7. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Before sowing, apply 10-12 kg / mu of compound fertilizer to the land to be sown; Preferably, the compound fertilizer is selected from any one of ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, potassium hydrogen phosphonate, and potassium citrate, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

8. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: After sowing, the type of fertilizer applied is diammonium phosphate, and the amount of fertilizer applied is 10kg / mu.

9. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Carry out water management according to the difference in water requirements of intercropped crops, and determine the irrigation cycle based on the water requirements of oats; carry out timely irrigation during the seedling and jointing stages of oats; when it is the rainy season or continuous rainy weather, appropriately extend the irrigation interval, and adopt ditch drainage or mechanical drainage measures.

10. The planting method of oats intercropped with Vetch according to claim 9, characterized in that: The single irrigation volume is 30 to 40 cubic meters per mu during the seedling stage, and 50 to 60 cubic meters per mu during the jointing stage.

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