High-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt metal wire and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing alloys, in particular to a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt metal wire and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, taking a Babbitt metal wire containing reinforced fibers, and recording the Babbitt metal wire as an alloy wire A; a pure Babbitt metal wire is taken and marked as an alloy wire B; s2, a plurality of alloy wires B are arranged on the outer side of the alloy wire A in a stranded or parallel arrangement mode to be stranded, the two ends of the alloy wires B are welded and fixed, and a single multi-strand wire is obtained and recorded as a preformed wire material; and S3, preheating and drawing the pre-formed wire, so that multiple strands of wires are combined together, and the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt metal wire is obtained. According to the Babbitt metal wire prepared through the method, the reinforced fibers are located in the core of the alloy wire, the pure Babbitt metal is arranged on the outer side of the alloy wire, the whole alloy wire is good in plasticity, the wire is not prone to being broken in the using process, the interface wettability to a steel matrix is good, and fiber scattering and high-temperature burning loss can be restrained in the additive manufacturing process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing alloys, in particular to a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Babbitt alloy, also known as bearing alloy, is a low-melting-point alloy with hard particle phases distributed in a soft matrix, which has good embedding and compliance and is widely used in sliding bearing friction-reducing materials. With the emergence of large, high-speed and heavy-load industrial machinery, the requirements for high-temperature resistance, high load capacity and low friction coefficient of babbitt alloy are increasing, and the introduction of reinforcing fibers into babbitt alloy is an ideal solution to effectively improve the mechanical properties and high-temperature resistance of babbitt alloy.

[0003] However, the addition of fibers will reduce the plasticity of babbitt alloy. In the fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the existing method, the reinforcing fibers are distributed throughout the cross-section of the wire (such as Chinese patent applications with application numbers 202210291528.3 and 202210292735.0), and the agglomeration of fiber materials is inevitable. The plasticity of the wire decreases sharply at the positions where the fibers on the outside of the wire are agglomerated or too many, and cracks are easily generated under tensile stress. As the bending angle increases, the cracks continuously expand inward and eventually lead to fracture. During the use of babbitt alloy wire in CMT electric arc additive, argon arc welding and other processes, the wire needs to be bent frequently and repeatedly during the process of passing through the wire feeding mechanism. In some application scenarios, the bending angle reaches 150 degrees. The existing fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire has poor plasticity, which easily causes wire breakage during actual use, seriously affecting the use.

[0004] Moreover, the existing fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire has poor interface wettability. In the additive manufacturing process, the reinforcing fibers are easily scattered and lost due to low density, and are also easily burned due to high temperature. The arc stability is poor, the fiber loss rate is high, and the prepared bearing liner has poor interlayer bonding quality.

[0005] Therefore, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0006] The first object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire. The babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method has reinforcing fibers located in the core of the alloy wire, and the outside is pure babbitt alloy. The plasticity of the entire alloy wire is good, wire breakage is unlikely to occur during use, and the interface wettability with the steel matrix is good, which can inhibit fiber scattering and high-temperature burning during additive manufacturing.

[0007] The second object of the present application is to provide a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present application, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0009] A preparation method of high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire, comprising the following steps:

[0010] S1. Take babbitt alloy wire containing reinforcing fibers, denoted as alloy wire A; take pure babbitt alloy wire, denoted as alloy wire B;

[0011] S2. A plurality of alloy wires B are arranged in a twisted or parallel arrangement on the outside of the alloy wire A for plying, and the two ends are welded and fixed to obtain a single multi-strand wire, denoted as a preformed wire;

[0012] S3. Preheat and draw the preformed wire to combine the multi-strand wires together, thereby obtaining the high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the diameter of the alloy wire A to the diameter of the preformed wire is 0.55-0.80.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the alloy wire A is 1.2-3.2 mm, and the diameter of the alloy wire B is 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0015] Preferably, 10-30 alloy wires B are arranged on the outside of one alloy wire A.

[0016] Preferably, the high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire comprises 100 parts of babbitt alloy and 0.5-6 parts of reinforcing fibers by mass fraction.

[0017] Preferably, the babbitt alloy comprises 8-9 parts of antimony, 5-8 parts of copper and 84-87 parts of tin by mass fraction.

[0018] Preferably, the reinforcing fibers comprise carbon fibers and / or glass fibers.

[0019] More preferably, the reinforcing fibers comprise 0.25-3 parts of carbon fibers and 0.25-3 parts of glass fibers by mass fraction.

[0020] Preferably, the preparation method of the alloy wire A and the alloy wire B comprises the following steps:

[0021] S11. Prepare a base material according to the proportion of babbitt alloy in the high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire, and smelt the base material to obtain a melt, which is divided into two parts, denoted as a first melt and a second melt;

[0022] S12. Take the first melt to cast to obtain a pure babbitt alloy billet;

[0023] Take the second melt, add the reinforcing fibers at 280-320℃, stir evenly and cast to obtain the rod blank containing the reinforcing fibers;

[0024] S13. The rod blank containing the reinforcing fibers is extruded to obtain the alloy wire A;

[0025] The pure babbitt rod blank is extruded and drawn to obtain the alloy wire B.

[0026] Preferably, in step S3, the preheating temperature is 60-80℃.

[0027] Preferably, in step S3, the diameter of the drawn wire is 0.85-0.90 of the diameter of the wire before drawing.

[0028] Preferably, the diameter of the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire is 1.6-4mm.

[0029] Preferably, the elongation of the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire is 10%-20%.

[0030] A high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method of any one of the preceding embodiments.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0032] (1) The fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method of the present application is composed of an outer layer of pure babbitt alloy and a core layer of babbitt alloy containing reinforcing fibers. The pure babbitt alloy with good plasticity is located on the outside and can better withstand tensile stress during use, effectively preventing the generation and extension of cracks and delaying fracture. The babbitt alloy containing reinforcing fibers in the core has poor plasticity, but has little effect on the overall plasticity of the alloy wire, because the core mainly bears compressive stress during bending. The structure has good plasticity, and under the same fiber content, the angle of bending without breaking is larger, which can solve the problem of easy breaking of traditional fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wires during use.

[0033] (2) The outer layer of pure babbitt alloy has a low melting point and a lower wetting angle on the steel substrate than the babbitt alloy containing reinforcing fibers, significantly improving the interfacial wettability. The pilot wetting mechanism ensures that the subsequently melted core material can be uniformly spread to form a dense metallurgical bond. The high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the present application has good arc stability during welding, can reduce fiber spatter and burning loss, can significantly reduce the fiber loss rate, and can significantly improve the interlayer bonding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the stranded structure of alloy wire A and alloy wire B provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A cross-sectional microstructure diagram of the core of alloy wire A in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 3 A cross-sectional microstructure diagram of the core of alloy wire B in Example 1;

[0038] Figure 4 A cross-sectional microstructure diagram of the interface between alloy wire A and alloy wire B in the finished wire in Example 1, the left side is close to the surface of the wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present application, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application. The specific conditions are not indicated in the embodiments, and the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products that can be purchased in the market.

[0040] The first aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire, comprising the following steps:

[0041] S1. Take babbitt alloy wire containing reinforcing fibers, denoted as alloy wire A; take pure babbitt alloy wire, denoted as alloy wire B;

[0042] S2. A plurality of alloy wires B are arranged in the form of twisting or parallel arrangement on the outside of alloy wire A (as shown in Figure 1 ), and the two ends are welded and fixed to prevent the wire from spreading, to obtain a single multi-stranded wire, denoted as a preformed wire;

[0043] S3. The preformed wire is preheated and drawn to combine the multi-stranded wires together, and a high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire is obtained.

[0044] The fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method has a core of babbitt alloy containing reinforcing fibers and an outer layer of pure babbitt alloy. In the composite structure, the pure babbitt alloy with better plasticity is located on the outside, which can better withstand tensile stress during use, effectively prevent the generation and extension of cracks, and delay fracture. The core material has poor plasticity due to the presence of reinforcing fibers, but has little effect on the overall plasticity of the alloy wire, because the core mainly bears compressive stress during bending. According to the plastic deformation mechanism, when the wire is bent, the outer material is subjected to tensile stress and the inner material is subjected to compressive stress, and plastic deformation mainly occurs on the side subjected to tensile stress (the outside). If the material with good plasticity is located on the outside (tensile stress area), it can better withstand tensile deformation and delay the generation and extension of cracks. Therefore, when the fiber content is the same, compared with the traditional babbitt alloy wire containing reinforcing fibers throughout the cross section, the composite structure wire prepared by the method has better plasticity, can bend without breaking at a larger angle, and can solve the problem of broken wire caused by frequent bending during wire feeding in CMT arc additive, argon arc welding and other uses, and can significantly improve the performance.

[0045] In addition, the fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method has good interfacial wettability to the substrate, and can effectively solve the technical problems of easy scattering, loss and high-temperature burning loss of reinforcing fibers in the additive manufacturing process in the prior art, mainly in the following aspects:

[0046] (1) The pilot wetting function is optimized, the outer layer of pure babbitt alloy has a lower melting point, and melts first and contacts the steel substrate during CMT. According to the wetting angle test data, the wetting angle of pure babbitt alloy on the steel substrate is reduced by about 15-20°, the melting point is reduced by 10-30℃, and the interfacial wettability is significantly improved. This pilot wetting mechanism ensures that the subsequent core material can spread uniformly and form a dense metallurgical bond.

[0047] (2) Reinforcing fiber protection mechanism, compared with the traditional hybrid structure, the structure significantly reduces the loss rate of reinforcing fibers, the outer molten pool forms a temperature barrier, so that the core reinforcing fibers are in a relatively low temperature zone; the outer layer of pure babbitt alloy forms a molten pool first, and the reinforcing fibers in the subsequently melted core material can be wrapped by the molten pool, and the wrapping effect of the molten pool effectively inhibits the scattering of the fibers. The layered melting mechanism reduces the time of exposing the fibers to a high-temperature environment.

[0048] (3) High-temperature protection performance, the structure can increase the critical burning temperature of the reinforcing fibers by about 50-100℃; specifically, the outer molten pool forms a physical isolation and reduces heat conduction; Sn elements in the molten pool form a protective oxide film on the surface of the reinforcing fibers; the layered structure realizes thermal gradient control, so that the temperature of the core is always lower than the oxidation threshold (about 450℃) of the reinforcing fibers.

[0049] Compared with the conventional fiber-reinforced Babbitt alloy wire, the composite structure of the present application exhibits better process stability in the CMT process, the arc stability is obviously improved, the spatter is reduced by more than 50%, the interface wettability to the substrate is good, and the interlayer bonding quality is significantly improved.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the diameter of the alloy wire A to the diameter of the preformed wire material is 0.55-0.80, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 0.55, 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.75, 0.8. If the ratio is too large, the outer layer of pure Babbitt alloy layer will be too thin, which cannot effectively inhibit crack propagation, and the plasticity improvement effect and the effect of inhibiting fiber spatter and burning loss are not good. If the ratio is too small, the friction reduction and wear resistance, tensile strength and thermal conductivity are not enough, the overall fiber content is limited, and it is difficult to apply to high-speed and high-load application scenarios; and the increase in the number of alloy wires B leads to an increase in the cost of plying.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the alloy wire A is 1.2-3.2 mm, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 1.2 mm, 1.4 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.2 mm; the diameter of the alloy wire B is 0.2-0.5 mm, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, 10-30 alloy wires B are arranged on the outer side of one alloy wire A, for example, it can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 25, 30.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the prepared high-plasticity fiber-reinforced Babbitt alloy wire includes 100 parts of Babbitt alloy and 0.5-6 parts of reinforcing fiber by mass fraction, for example, the reinforcing fiber can be any point value or a range value composed of any two point values in 0.5 parts, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the Babbitt alloy in the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced Babbitt alloy wire includes 8-9 parts of antimony, 5-8 parts of copper and 84-87 parts of tin by mass fraction; for example, it can be SnSb8Cu5, SnSb8Cu8 or SnSb9Cu7.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the reinforcing fiber used includes carbon fiber and / or glass fiber.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the reinforcing fibers include 0.25-3 parts by mass of carbon fibers and 0.25-3 parts by mass of glass fibers, for example, the mass fractions of the carbon fibers and the glass fibers can be independently selected from any one value or a range value consisting of any two values selected from 0.25 parts, 0.5 parts, 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, 2.5 parts, and 3 parts. The cost of carbon fibers is relatively high, and the use of carbon fibers in combination with glass fibers can effectively reduce the cost; and the carbon fibers provide high strength and stiffness, while the glass fibers provide toughness and impact resistance, the combination of the two can achieve complementary performance and avoid the limitations of a single fiber, specifically: the synergistic effect of the two fibers can more effectively disperse stress, reduce stress concentration, and improve the overall load-bearing capacity of the material; the addition of glass fibers can improve the plasticity of the alloy and improve the extrusion formability, while the carbon fibers can maintain the strength and stiffness of the material, the combination of the two fibers can improve the flowability of the material during extrusion and improve the surface quality of the wire; in addition, the addition of glass fibers can inhibit the propagation of fatigue cracks, while the high stiffness of carbon fibers can delay the initiation of cracks, and the combination of the two can improve the fatigue resistance of the material, while the addition of glass fibers alone or the addition of carbon fibers alone does not significantly improve the fatigue resistance of the material, indicating that the combination of carbon fibers and glass fibers has a synergistic effect.

[0057] In the present application, alloy wire A and alloy wire B can be obtained by purchase or preparation; alloy wire A containing reinforcing fibers can be obtained by melting and extrusion, or by other methods.

[0058] In some specific embodiments of the present application, the preparation method of alloy wire A and alloy wire B includes the following steps:

[0059] S11. Prepare the base material according to the ratio of the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire and melt the base material to obtain a melt, which is divided into two parts, denoted as the first melt and the second melt;

[0060] S12. Cast the first melt to obtain a pure babbitt alloy billet;

[0061] Take the second melt, add reinforcing fibers at 280-320°C, stir uniformly, and cast to obtain a babbitt alloy billet containing reinforcing fibers;

[0062] S13. Extrude the babbitt alloy billet containing reinforcing fibers to obtain alloy wire A;

[0063] Extrude and draw the pure babbitt alloy billet to obtain alloy wire B.

[0064] In some specific embodiments of the present application, in step S11, the distribution ratio of the melt is determined according to the wire diameter and quantity of alloy wire A and alloy wire B.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S12, the stirring speed is 500-550 rad / min, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 500 rad / min, 510 rad / min, 520 rad / min, 530 rad / min, 540 rad / min, and 550 rad / min; the purpose of stirring is to uniformly disperse the reinforcing fibers.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S12, the diameter of the pure Babbitt alloy rod blank and the Babbitt alloy rod blank containing reinforcing fibers is 50-60 mm, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 50 mm, 52 mm, 55 mm, 58 mm, and 60 mm, respectively.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S13, the extrusion temperature of alloy wire A is 140-180℃, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 140℃, 150℃, 160℃, 170℃, and 180℃; the preheating temperature before extrusion is 100-130℃, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 100℃, 110℃, 120℃, and 130℃; the extrusion pressure is 450-920 MPa, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 450 MPa, 500 MPa, 550 MPa, 600 MPa, 700 MPa, 800 MPa, 900 MPa, and 920 MPa.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S13, the extrusion temperature of alloy wire B is 120-140℃, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 120℃, 125℃, 130℃, 135℃, and 140℃; the preheating temperature before extrusion is 100-120℃, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 100℃, 105℃, 110℃, 115℃, and 120℃; the extrusion pressure is 400-500 MPa, for example, it can be any one value or a range value composed of any two values selected from 400 MPa, 420 MPa, 450 MPa, 480 MPa, and 500 MPa.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S13, it further includes a step of roughening the alloy wire A, which aims to facilitate subsequent plying and improve the bonding force of the alloy wire A and the alloy wire B.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the preheating temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and water bath heating is used; for example, the preheating temperature can be any one value or a range value formed by any two values selected from 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 75 DEG C and 80 DEG C; the purpose of preheating before drawing is to improve the plasticity of the wire.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S3, the diameter of the wire after drawing is 0.85-0.90 of the diameter of the wire before drawing; for example, it can be any one value or a range value formed by any two values selected from 0.85, 0.86, 0.87, 0.88, 0.89 and 0.90.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method of the present application is 1.6-4 mm; for example, it can be any one value or a range value formed by any two values selected from 1.6 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm and 4 mm. The fiber extrusion homogenization effect mainly depends on the extrusion ratio. When the extrusion ratio meets the requirements, the material undergoes sufficient shear deformation and the fiber agglomerates can be broken; when the extrusion ratio is too small, the deformation penetration depth is insufficient and the core is prone to residual agglomeration. At present, due to the size of the extruder and the requirement of fiber homogenization, the diameter of the fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire is usually 1.2-3.2 mm. The fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire with a composite structure prepared by the method of the present application can break through the size range of the wire and prepare a fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire with a larger diameter range. The diameter of the prepared wire can reach 1.6-4 mm. In addition to CMT welding, the wire can also be applied to argon arc welding machines, flame welding and other repair and overlay welding scenes, thereby widening the application scenarios of the fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the elongation of the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire is 10%-20%; for example, it can be any one value or a range value formed by any two values selected from 10%, 12%, 14%, 15%, 18% and 20%. Compared with the traditional fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire, the elongation is significantly improved, the plasticity is better, and the performance is good.

[0074] The second aspect of the present application provides a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire prepared by the method of preparing the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to any one of the preceding embodiments.

[0075] The fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire provided by the application comprises a babbitt alloy wire core containing reinforcing fibers and a pure babbitt alloy layer coated outside the babbitt alloy wire core, the pure babbitt alloy layer outside has good plasticity, can improve the overall plasticity of the alloy wire, improve the use performance of the alloy wire and avoid wire breakage in the wire feeding process; the composite structure optimizes the pilot wetting function, establishes the reinforcing fiber protection mechanism and high-temperature protection performance, improves the stability of the additive process, reduces the fiber loss and improves the interlayer bonding quality.

[0076] Some embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to specific application examples. The raw materials used in the examples, such as those without special instructions, can be purchased on the market.

[0077] Example 1

[0078] The embodiment provides a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire, and the composition comprises 100 parts of babbitt alloy, 3 parts of glass fiber and 3 parts of carbon fiber in terms of mass fraction; wherein the composition of the babbitt alloy comprises 8 parts of antimony, 5 parts of copper and 87 parts of tin; the carbon fiber used is a glue-free chopped carbon fiber, and the length of the carbon fiber is 12 mm; and the glass fiber used is a high-silica glass fiber, and the length of the glass fiber is 5 mm.

[0079] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0080] S1. preparing alloy wire A and alloy wire B;

[0081] S11. preparing a base material according to the proportion of the babbitt alloy, melting the base material to obtain a melt, and dividing the melt into two parts;

[0082] S12. taking one part of the melt to cast to obtain a pure babbitt alloy rod blank without fibers, and the diameter of the rod blank is 60 mm;

[0083] Taking the remaining melt, adding carbon fiber and glass fiber at a temperature of 280 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and then casting after uniform stirring at a speed of 530 rad / min to obtain a babbitt alloy rod blank containing reinforcing fibers, and the diameter of the rod blank is 60 mm;

[0084] S13. placing the babbitt alloy rod blank containing reinforcing fibers into the extrusion cylinder of an extruder, preheating the temperature to 120 DEG C, extruding at a temperature of 170 DEG C and an extrusion pressure of 550 MPa to obtain a babbitt alloy extruded wire, and the diameter of the wire is 1.4 mm, that is, alloy wire A;

[0085] The surface of the alloy wire A is roughened by ultrasonic treatment, which is convenient for subsequent take-up and plying;

[0086] The pure Babbitt alloy rod without fiber is put into the extrusion cylinder of the extruder, the preheating temperature is 100 DEG C, the extrusion temperature is 130 DEG C, and the extrusion pressure is 450 MPa, so that the pure Babbitt alloy extruded wire is obtained, and the diameter of the wire is 0.8 mm; the pure Babbitt alloy extruded wire is drawn by the wire drawing machine, and the pure Babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 0.3 mm, i.e. alloy wire B, is obtained;

[0087] S2. One alloy wire A is used as the core material, and 17 alloy wires B are used as the outer peripheral close-packed wires (the lengths of the alloy wires A and B are the same, and the number ratio of the prepared alloy wires A and B is 1:17), so that a single multi-strand wire is obtained, the end of the multi-strand wire is welded and fixed by using the flame welding method to prevent the wire from being scattered, and a preformed wire with a diameter of 2.0 mm is obtained;

[0088] S3. The preformed wire is preheated at a preheating temperature of 80 DEG C for 5 min; and then the water temperature of the water bath drawing machine is 80 DEG C, so that the wire is drawn once to be sized, and the finished product wire with a final wire diameter of 1.8 mm, i.e. the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced Babbitt alloy wire, is obtained.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] The embodiment provides a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced Babbitt alloy wire, and the composition comprises 100 parts of Babbitt alloy, 0.5 parts of glass fiber and 0.5 parts of carbon fiber in terms of mass fraction; wherein the composition of the Babbitt alloy comprises 8 parts of antimony, 5 parts of copper and 87 parts of tin; the carbon fiber used is a glue-free chopped carbon fiber, and the length of the carbon fiber is 12 mm; and the glass fiber used is a high-silica glass fiber, and the length of the glass fiber is 5 mm.

[0091] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0092] S1. Alloy wire A and alloy wire B are prepared;

[0093] S11. The base material is prepared according to the proportion of the Babbitt alloy, and the base material is melted to obtain a melt, and the melt is divided into two parts;

[0094] S12. One part of the melt is taken to cast a pure Babbitt alloy rod without fiber, and the diameter of the rod is 60 mm;

[0095] The remaining melt is taken, the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are added at a temperature of 280 DEG C to 300 DEG C, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at a speed of 530 rad / min, and then cast to obtain a Babbitt alloy rod containing reinforcing fibers, and the diameter of the rod is 60 mm;

[0096] S13. Put the Babbitt alloy rod blank containing reinforcing fibers into the extrusion cylinder of the extruder, the preheating temperature is 120℃, the extrusion temperature is 160℃, and the extrusion pressure is 480MPa to obtain Babbitt alloy extruded wire, and the diameter of the wire is 2.0mm, that is, alloy wire A;

[0097] The surface of the alloy wire A is roughened by ultrasonic treatment, which facilitates subsequent take-up plying;

[0098] Put the pure Babbitt alloy rod blank without fibers into the extrusion cylinder of the extruder, the preheating temperature is 100℃, the extrusion temperature is 130℃, and the extrusion pressure is 450MPa to obtain pure Babbitt alloy extruded wire, and the diameter of the wire is 0.8mm; pass the pure Babbitt alloy extruded wire through the wire drawing machine for multi-pass drawing to obtain pure Babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 0.4mm, that is, alloy wire B;

[0099] S2. Take one alloy wire A as the core material and 18 alloy wires B as the outer densely packed wires to perform dense packing (the lengths of the A and B alloy wires are the same, and the number ratio of the prepared A and B alloy wires is 1:18) to obtain a single multi-strand wire, and the ends of the multi-strand wire are welded and fixed by spot welding to prevent the wire from spreading, thereby obtaining a preformed wire with a diameter of 2.8mm;

[0100] S3. Preheat the preformed wire, the preheating temperature is 80℃, and the heating time is 5min; then pass the wire through the water bath wire drawing machine with a water temperature of 80℃ to perform one-time drawing and sizing to obtain finished wire with a final wire diameter of 2.5mm, that is, high plasticity fiber reinforced Babbitt alloy wire.

[0101] Example 3

[0102] The embodiment provides a high plasticity fiber reinforced Babbitt alloy wire, and the composition comprises 100 parts of Babbitt alloy, 1.5 parts of glass fiber and 1.5 parts of carbon fiber in terms of mass fraction; wherein the composition of the Babbitt alloy comprises 8 parts of antimony, 5 parts of copper and 87 parts of tin; the carbon fiber used is a glue-free chopped carbon fiber, and the length of the carbon fiber is 12mm; and the glass fiber used is a high-silica glass fiber, and the length of the glass fiber is 5mm.

[0103] The preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0104] S1. Prepare alloy wire A and alloy wire B;

[0105] S11. Prepare the base material according to the proportion of the Babbitt alloy, and melt the base material to obtain a melt, and divide the melt into two parts;

[0106] S12. Take one part of the melt to cast a pure Babbitt alloy rod blank without fibers, and the diameter of the rod blank is 60mm;

[0107] The remaining melt is taken, carbon fiber and glass fiber are added at a temperature of 280°C to 300°C, and the mixture is stirred uniformly at a speed of 530 rad / min before casting to obtain a babbitt alloy billet containing reinforced fibers with a diameter of 60 mm.

[0108] S13. The babbitt alloy rod containing reinforcing fibers is placed in the extrusion barrel of the extruder, preheated at 120°C, extruded at 170°C, and subjected to an extrusion pressure of 470 MPa to obtain babbitt alloy extruded wire having a wire diameter of 3.0 mm, ie, alloy wire A.

[0109] The surface of the alloy wire A is roughened by ultrasonic treatment to facilitate subsequent winding and stranding;

[0110] A pure babbitt alloy rod without fiber is placed into the extrusion barrel of an extruder, preheated at 100°C, extruded at 130°C, and extruded at a pressure of 450 MPa to obtain a pure babbitt alloy extruded wire with a diameter of 0.8 mm. The pure babbitt alloy extruded wire is subjected to multiple drawing passes through a wire drawing machine to obtain a pure babbitt alloy wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm, namely, alloy wire B.

[0111] S2. Using one alloy wire A as the core and 21 alloy wires B as the outer layers, a densely packed wire was formed (the A and B alloy wires were of equal length, with a ratio of 1:21) to obtain a single multi-strand wire. The ends of the multi-strand wires were flame welded to prevent unraveling, resulting in a preformed wire with a diameter of 4.0 mm.

[0112] S3. The preformed wire is preheated at 70°C for 5 minutes. The preformed wire is then drawn and sized using a water bath wire drawing machine at 70°C to obtain a finished wire having a final diameter of 3.5 mm, i.e., a high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire.

[0113] Example 4

[0114] Example 4 is similar to Example 1, with the only difference being that the wire diameter of alloy wire A is 1.6 mm, the wire diameter of alloy wire B is 0.2 mm, one alloy wire A is used as the core material, and 28 alloy wires B are densely packed as the outer dense lines to obtain a single multi-strand wire. The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0115] Comparative Example 1

[0116] Traditional preparation process

[0117] Comparative Example 1 is similar to Example 1, except that in step S11, the melt obtained by smelting is not divided into two parts, and carbon fibers and glass fibers are directly added to the entire melt at 280-300°C to prepare a cast ingot containing reinforcing fibers, and a Babbitt alloy extruded wire with a diameter of 2.0 mm is obtained by extrusion, and a fiber-reinforced Babbitt alloy wire with a final diameter of 1.8 mm is obtained by one-drawing; the rest of the process conditions are the same as the preparation process of the A alloy wire in Example 1, and the composition and wire diameter of the finished wire are the same as those of Example 1.

[0118] Test Example

[0119] (1) The elongation and maximum bending angle of the finished wire prepared in each example and comparative example were tested, the elongation was tested according to standard GB / T228.1-2021, and the maximum bending angle detection method was: (1) First, open the two arms of the protractor, place the finished welding wire between the two arms, and ensure that the welding wire coincides with the center line; (2) The test fixture sets the welding wire at one end, and the other end of the welding wire is stretched out to a length of 100 mm, and the bending support point is located at the starting point of the fixed end; (3) Bend the welding wire at a speed of 5° / s, and monitor the surface state in real time; (4) When the welding wire breaks or visible cracks appear, stop bending immediately and record the angle at this time, which is the maximum bending angle, and take the minimum value of three tests as the final result. Cracks are defined as continuous surface defects visible to the naked eye or 10 times magnification. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0120] Table 1

[0121] Elongation (%) Maximum bending angle (°) Example 1 12 120 Example 2 20 160 Example 3 15 150 Example 4 10 100 Comparative Example 1 2.5 45

[0122] (2) The finished wire in each example and comparative example was used to prepare a bushing, and the loss rate of reinforcing fibers and the bonding strength of the bushing and the matrix were tested.

[0123] Bushing CMT arc additive manufacturing process: equipment is Austria Fronius welding machine (model: TransPlus Synergic 4000CMT), Swiss ABB robot system, model IRB2600-20 / 1.65.

[0124] (1) Before welding, sandblasting, shot blasting, pickling, mechanical grinding, machining and other methods are used to remove the surface oxide film of the bushing workpiece;

[0125] (2) CMT welding mode is used for surface welding, welding current is 130A, welding speed is 1200mm / min, and overlap rate is 50%;

[0126] (3) After the bottom layer is welded, a polishing device is used to polish the surface of the weld to remove surface oxides, dust and other impurities that affect the welding quality;

[0127] (4) When CMT additive manufacturing is performed on the surface of tin-based babbitt alloy, the CMT welding mode is selected, the welding current is 70A, the welding speed is 720mm / min, and the overlap rate is 40%;

[0128] (5) The workpiece processed by the CMT arc additive process is machined to ensure that the shape, size, accuracy, roughness, etc. meet the process requirements.

[0129] The fiber loss rate test is based on the chemical dissolution method: the fiber content is calculated by the mass difference, using the fact that the Babbitt alloy matrix (Sn-Sb-Cu) can be dissolved by specific acids and the acid and alkali resistance of carbon fiber / glass fiber.

[0130] step:

[0131] Sampling: Cut 10-20cm of finished wire and weigh it accurately (recorded as m0);

[0132] Dissolve the matrix: immerse the sample in a solution of analytically pure HNO and HCl (1:3, constant temperature 80°C, 0.2-0.5 h) until the alloy is completely dissolved;

[0133] Filtration and cleaning: Filter the residual fibers with a 0.5 μm pore size filter membrane and rinse with deionized water until neutral;

[0134] Drying and weighing: Dry at 105℃ for 2 hours and weigh the fiber mass (m f );

[0135] Calculation: Fiber content w f =m f / m0×100%. And combined with metallographic organization diagram analysis.

[0136] The bond strength test is based on: GBT 12948-1991 Sliding bearing bimetal bond strength destructive test method.

[0137] The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0138] Table 2

[0139] Fiber loss rate (%) Bonding strength (MPa) Example 1 10 82 Example 2 10 80 Example 3 12 75 Example 4 17 70 Comparative Example 1 30 70

[0140] like Figure 2 As shown, there are reinforcing fibers distributed in the alloy wire A; Figure 3 As shown, there is no reinforcing fiber distribution in alloy wire B; Figure 4 In the figure, the left side is close to the surface of the wire, and the right side is close to the center of the wire. The reinforcing fibers are mainly concentrated on the right side, indicating that in the alloy wire prepared by the method of the present invention, the reinforcing fibers are mainly concentrated in the core of the finished wire.

[0141] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described using specific embodiments, it should be appreciated that the above embodiments are merely intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments may be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate from the essence of the corresponding technical solutions within the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, this means that all such replacements and modifications within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Take a babbitt alloy wire containing reinforcing fibers, denoted as alloy wire A; Take pure Babbitt alloy wire and record it as alloy wire B; S2. The plurality of alloy wires B are arranged in a twisted or parallel manner on the outside of the alloy wire A and are stranded and fixed at both ends by welding to obtain a single multi-strand wire, referred to as a preformed wire; S3. Preheating and drawing the preformed wire material to combine multiple strands of wire together to obtain the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire.

2. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: Meet at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The ratio of the diameter of the alloy wire A to the diameter of the preformed wire is 0.55-0.80; (2) The diameter of the alloy wire A is 1.2-3.2 mm, and the diameter of the alloy wire B is 0.2-0.5 mm; (3) 10 to 30 alloy wires B are arranged on the outside of one alloy wire A.

3. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by mass, the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire includes 100 parts of babbitt alloy and 0.5-6 parts of reinforcing fiber.

4. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 3, characterized in that: The babbitt alloy includes 8-9 parts of antimony, 5-8 parts of copper and 84-87 parts of tin by mass.

5. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing fibers include carbon fibers and / or glass fibers.

6. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 5, characterized in that: Calculated by mass, the reinforcing fibers include 0.25-3 parts of carbon fibers and 0.25-3 parts of glass fibers.

7. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the alloy wire A and the alloy wire B comprises the following steps: S11. Preparing a base material according to the ratio of the babbitt alloy in the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire, and smelting the base material to obtain a melt, and dividing the melt into two parts, referred to as a first melt and a second melt; S12. Take the first melt for casting to obtain a pure Babbitt alloy billet; Taking the second melt, adding the reinforcing fiber at 280-320° C., stirring evenly and casting to obtain a rod blank containing the reinforcing fiber; S13. The rod containing the reinforcing fiber is extruded to obtain the alloy wire A; The pure Babbitt alloy rod is extruded and drawn to obtain the alloy wire B.

8. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the preheating temperature is 60-80°C; And / or, the diameter of the wire after drawing is 0.85-0.90 of the diameter of the wire before drawing.

9. The method for preparing high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire is 1.6-4 mm; And / or, the elongation of the high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire is 10%-20%.

10. A high plasticity fiber reinforced babbitt alloy wire, characterized in that: The high-plasticity fiber-reinforced babbitt alloy wire is prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 9.

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