Compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of radial forging machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of a radial forging machine. The compact hydraulic clamping mechanism comprises a clamping module, a hydraulic servo module and a control unit module. The clamping module is of a single-layer push sleeve structure, a push sleeve is driven by a clamping cylinder to move axially, linear motion is converted into radial rotation of a clamping arm hinged to a clamp rod through matching of an inclined face of the push sleeve and a half shaft, and therefore a clamping jaw is driven to be closed or opened. The control unit module detects clamping force in real time through a pressure sensor, a hydraulic servo valve is adjusted through a controller, the pressure of oil entering a clamping cylinder is accurately controlled, and closed-loop dynamic accurate adjustment of the clamping force is achieved. The mechanism effectively solves the problems that a traditional chuck is long in axial size and insufficient in clamping force control precision by simplifying a mechanical structure and introducing electro-hydraulic servo control, and has the advantages of being compact in structure, high in adaptability, safe and reliable.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal plastic working equipment, in particular to a compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of a radial forging machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The radial forging machine is a kind of high-efficiency precision forging equipment, which can realize high-frequency and short-stroke synchronous radial forging on metal blanks through a plurality of hammer heads arranged symmetrically, and is widely used in the forming of shaft and pipe parts in the fields of military industry, nuclear power, non-ferrous metals and automobile manufacturing.

[0003] The clamping head component is a key component of the radial forging machine, which is mainly responsible for clamping, axial feeding and rotating movement of the workpiece. The core function of the clamping mechanism is to provide sufficient and adjustable clamping force for the forging, and to adapt to workpiece blanks of different diameters. The traditional clamping mechanism usually adopts a double-layer sliding sleeve structure and four sets of clamping oil cylinders to drive the clamping jaw to complete the clamping action. This structure has the following defects: first, the double-layer sliding sleeve and multiple oil cylinders result in complex structure and long axial size of the clamping head component, which makes the whole equipment not compact enough, increases the manufacturing cost and floor area; second, the traditional control method has limited accuracy in adjusting the clamping force, which is difficult to adapt to the accurate requirements of different materials and different specifications of blanks for clamping force, affecting the adaptability of the forging process and the quality stability of the final product.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a radial forging machine clamping mechanism with more compact structure and more precise clamping force control. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of a radial forging machine, which realizes the miniaturization of the clamping head component and the high-precision control of the clamping force by simplifying the mechanical structure and introducing hydraulic servo closed-loop control, so as to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of a radial forging machine, comprising a clamping module, a hydraulic servo buffer module and a control unit module. The clamping module comprises a clamp rod, a push sleeve, a clamping arm, a clamping jaw and a clamping hydraulic cylinder; the clamp rod provides axial movement guide for the push sleeve; the push sleeve can move axially along a plurality of guide copper belts arranged outside the clamp rod, and has an inclined working surface at the front end; the clamping arm is a plurality of arms, each of which is hinged to the outer periphery of the front end of the clamp rod through a pin shaft; the clamping jaw is installed at the front end of the clamping arm. The middle part of the clamping arm is embedded with the inclined working surface at the front end of the push sleeve through a half shaft, so that the axial movement of the push sleeve can be converted into the rotation of the clamping arm around the pin shaft, thereby driving the clamping jaw to open or close radially. The clamping hydraulic cylinder provides power for axial movement of the push sleeve; the cylinder body of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the pliers lever through a buffer plate; the end of the piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is connected with the push sleeve through a cylinder front plate; The hydraulic servo module comprises a hydraulic servo valve and an accumulator which are in communication with the clamping hydraulic cylinder, and are used for controlling the hydraulic oil pressure and flow rate entering the clamping hydraulic cylinder; The control unit module comprises a controller and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used for detecting the clamping force generated by the clamping mechanism; the controller is electrically connected with the pressure sensor and the hydraulic servo valve, is used for receiving the signal of the pressure sensor, and controls the action of the hydraulic servo valve according to the preset clamping force parameter, so as to adjust the output force of the clamping hydraulic cylinder, thereby realizing closed-loop control of the clamping force.

[0007] Preferably, a bearing seat is arranged between the cylinder front plate and the push sleeve, and the bearing seat is connected with the push sleeve through a key to realize circumferential positioning and torque transmission.

[0008] Preferably, the included angle between the inclined working surface at the front end of the push sleeve and the horizontal plane is 37°.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the clamping hydraulic cylinders is two groups, which are symmetrically arranged.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic servo buffer module further comprises a power-off protection valve; the accumulator cooperates with the power-off protection valve in the case of emergency power-off, provides temporary power for the clamping hydraulic cylinder, so that the clamping jaw can be opened.

[0011] Preferably, the control unit module further comprises an operation panel arranged on the radial forging machine console, and the operation panel is in communication connection with the controller, and is used for inputting the preset clamping force parameter and control instruction.

[0012] Specifically, the clamping module is the core mechanical component for executing the clamping action. The basic component is a pliers lever which is hollow and formed as a guide cylinder. A push sleeve is arranged in the pliers lever in an axially movable manner, and a specific inclined working surface is formed at the front end of the push sleeve. The middle part of a plurality of clamping arms is hingedly connected to the outer periphery of the front end of the pliers lever through a pin shaft, and a clamping jaw for directly contacting the workpiece is installed at the front end of each clamping arm. The tail part of the clamping arm is embedded with the inclined working surface at the front end of the push sleeve through a half shaft. This structure converts the axial linear motion of the push sleeve into the radial rotation of the clamping arm through the inclined working surface-half shaft mechanism, and finally drives the clamping jaw to realize the radial clamping or loosening action. A group (preferably two groups symmetrically arranged) of clamping hydraulic cylinders provide power for the push sleeve. The cylinder body of the clamping hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the pliers lever through a buffer plate, and the end of the piston rod is connected with the push sleeve through a cylinder front plate. When the hydraulic oil drives the clamping hydraulic cylinder to act, the extension and contraction of the piston rod drives the cylinder front plate to move, and then drives or pulls the push sleeve to move axially in the pliers lever.

[0013] The hydraulic servo buffer module provides controlled hydraulic power for the clamping module. It mainly includes a hydraulic servo valve and an accumulator in communication with the clamping hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic servo valve is used to accurately control the pressure and flow of hydraulic oil entering the clamping hydraulic cylinder. The accumulator stores hydraulic energy, stabilizes system pressure, and absorbs pressure fluctuations. The module can also include an emergency shutdown valve that works with the accumulator to achieve safety functions in emergency situations.

[0014] The control unit module is the "brain" of the entire mechanism, achieving precise closed-loop control of clamping force. It includes a controller and a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor detects the actual clamping force signal generated during clamping in real time. The controller receives the feedback signal from the pressure sensor and compares it with the preset clamping force parameter, then outputs a control command to the hydraulic servo valve to adjust the oil pressure supplied to the clamping hydraulic cylinder, thereby accurately controlling the size of the clamping force. The control unit module usually also includes an operation panel on the radial forging machine main control console, which allows operators to input process parameters and instructions.

[0015] The working process of the present application is as follows: The working process of the compact hydraulic clamping mechanism begins with the operator setting the required clamping force parameters through the operation panel. After receiving the command, the control unit drives the hydraulic servo system to supply oil to the rodless cavity of the two sets of clamping oil cylinders, pushing the piston rod to extend. The piston rod pushes the single-layer push sleeve inside the cylinder front plate to move axially forward. The inclined surface at the front end of the push sleeve converts the axial thrust into radial rotation of the four clamping arms hinged to the jaw lever, thereby driving the clamping jaws at the front end to close and clamp the workpiece blank. In this process, the pressure sensor monitors the system pressure in real time and feeds back to the control unit. The controller compares the feedback value with the set value and adjusts the servo valve to accurately control the oil pressure entering the oil cylinder, thereby achieving closed-loop dynamic precise adjustment of the clamping force and ensuring stable and appropriate clamping force during the entire forging process.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: (1) The present application uses a single-layer push sleeve structure and reduces the number of clamping oil cylinders (from four sets to two sets), significantly simplifying the mechanical structure of the clamping mechanism, reducing the axial size, making the overall layout of the radial forging machine more compact, and reducing manufacturing costs and equipment footprint.

[0017] (2) The present application monitors the clamping force in real time through the pressure sensor and uses a controller and a hydraulic servo valve to form a closed-loop control system, which can steplessly and accurately adjust the clamping force according to different forging process requirements, greatly improving the adaptability, stability, and product quality of the forging process.

[0018] (3) The present invention integrates an accumulator and a power-off protection valve, which can provide an emergency power source in the event of an emergency power outage, allowing the clamping jaws to be temporarily opened to safely remove the forgings, thereby improving the safety performance of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of the radial forging machine of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of the radial forging machine of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic principle of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Clamping jaw; 2. Clamping arm; 3. Pin; 4. Half shaft; 5. Push sleeve; 6. Clamp rod; 7. Bearing seat; 8. Key; 9. Cylinder front plate; 10. Clamping hydraulic cylinder; 11. Buffer plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the compact hydraulic clamping mechanism of the radial forging machine provided by the present invention mainly includes a clamping jaw 1, a clamping arm 2, a pin shaft 3, a half shaft 4, a push sleeve 5, a clamp rod 6, a bearing seat 7, a key 8, a cylinder front plate 9, a clamping hydraulic cylinder 10 and a buffer plate 11.

[0022] Implementation method of the clamping module: the clamp rod 6 serves as the main support and guide component. The push sleeve 5 is placed on the outer cylindrical copper strip guide surface of the clamp rod 6 and can slide along its axial direction. The middle part 2 of the four clamping arms 2 is hinged to the front end of the clamp rod 6 through the pin 3. The clamping jaw 1 is installed at the front end of the clamping arm 2. The tail of the clamping arm 2 is engaged with the 37° inclined working surface of the front end of the push sleeve 5 through the half shaft 4. When the push sleeve 5 moves axially, the axial force is decomposed through the action of its inclined surface and the half shaft 4, forcing the clamping arm 2 to rotate around the pin 3, thereby driving the clamping jaw 1 to move radially (close and clamp or open and release).

[0023] The power is provided by two groups of symmetrically arranged clamping hydraulic cylinders 10. The tail of the cylinder body of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to the buffer plate 11 by bolts, and the buffer plate 11 is fixed to the clamp rod 6 by interference fit or other means, so that the cylinder body is stationary relative to the clamp rod 6. The end of the piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 10 is engaged with the cylinder front plate 9 (bolted). The cylinder front plate 9 and the push sleeve 5 are connected by a bearing seat 7. The bearing seat 7 is usually equipped with a spherical bearing or a self-aligning bearing to accommodate possible centering errors. The bearing seat 7 and the push sleeve 5 are connected by a key 8, which is used to transmit torque to prevent the push sleeve 5 from rotating relative to the cylinder front plate 9 and ensure the effective transmission of the inclined plane mechanism.

[0024] Implementation of hydraulic and control systems (combinedFigure 3 ): The hydraulic oil circuit is in the electromagnetic reversing valve (not shown in the figure, Figure 3 Under the control of the controller (the relevant oil circuit can be seen in the figure), oil is supplied to the rodless chamber or rod chamber of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 10. When clamping is required, hydraulic oil enters the rodless chamber, pushing the piston rod to extend, pushing the push sleeve 5 forward through the cylinder front plate 9 and the bearing seat 7, and driving the clamping jaws 1 to close and clamp the blank. The system pressure is precisely adjusted by the hydraulic servo valve according to the instructions of the controller. The pressure sensor installed in the oil circuit detects the oil pressure signal representing the clamping force in real time and feeds it back to the controller. The controller compares the feedback value with the set value, and outputs a signal through algorithms such as PID to control the opening of the servo valve, thereby achieving closed-loop precise control of the clamping force. When the pressure reaches the set value, the system can enter the pressure holding state and perform forging processing.

[0025] An accumulator is connected to the oil inlet or related oil circuits of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 10 to stabilize pressure and store energy. A power-off valve (typically a hydraulically controlled valve or solenoid valve) is also installed in the oil circuit. During normal operation, this valve is normally closed. In the event of a sudden power outage, the valve opens due to residual accumulator pressure or a mechanical spring, allowing the hydraulic oil stored in the accumulator to enter the rod chamber of the clamping hydraulic cylinder 10 (or vice versa, depending on the oil circuit design). This retracts the piston rod, temporarily opening the clamping jaws 1 and allowing the operator to remove the forging, preventing equipment damage or safety accidents.

[0026] The operator can input the required clamping force and other parameters through the operation panel on the main console of the radial forging machine. The controller receives these instructions and executes the corresponding control logic.

[0027] During the entire forging process, the control system continuously monitors and adjusts the clamping force to ensure reliable clamping without excessive crushing of the blank, thus ensuring the stable operation of the radial forging machine and the quality of the forged products.

[0028] The working process of the present invention is summarized as follows: The working process of this compact hydraulic clamping mechanism begins with the operator setting the required clamping force parameters through the operation panel; after receiving the command, the control unit drives the hydraulic servo system to supply oil to the rodless chambers of the two sets of clamping cylinders 10, pushing their piston rods out; the piston rod pushes the internal single-layer push sleeve 5 to move forward axially through the cylinder front plate 9; the inclined surface at the front end of the push sleeve 5 converts the axial thrust into the radial rotation of the four clamping arms 2 hinged on the clamp rod 6 through the half-shaft 4 embedded with it, thereby driving the clamping jaws 1 at its front end to close to clamp the workpiece blank; during this process, the pressure sensor monitors the system pressure in real time and feeds back to the control unit, the controller compares this feedback value with the set value, and accurately controls the oil pressure entering the clamping cylinder 10 by adjusting the servo valve, thereby realizing closed-loop dynamic and precise adjustment of the clamping force, ensuring that stable and appropriate clamping force is provided throughout the forging process.

[0029] The above are only preferred examples of the present application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, under the technical inspiration provided by the present application, other equivalent modifications and improvements can also be made as the common knowledge in the field of hydraulic, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A compact hydraulic clamping mechanism for a radial forging machine, characterized in that: It includes a clamping module, a hydraulic servo buffer module and a control unit module; The clamping module comprises a clamp rod (6), a push sleeve (5), a clamping arm (2), a clamping claw (1) and a clamping hydraulic cylinder (10); the clamp rod (6) provides an axial movement guide for the push sleeve (5); the push sleeve (5) can move axially along a plurality of guide copper strips arranged outside the clamp rod (6), and its front end has an inclined working surface; the clamping arm (2) is a plurality of, and all are hinged to the front end periphery of the clamp rod (6) through a pin (3); the clamping claw (1) is installed at the front end of the clamping arm (2); The middle portion of the clamping arm (2) is engaged with the inclined working surface of the front end of the push sleeve (5) through the half shaft (4), so that the axial movement of the push sleeve (5) can be converted into the rotation of the clamping arm (2) around the pin shaft (3) through the half shaft (4), thereby driving the clamping jaw (1) to radially open or close; The clamping hydraulic cylinder (10) provides power for the axial movement of the push sleeve (5); the cylinder body of the clamping hydraulic cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to the clamp rod (6) through a buffer plate (11); the piston rod end of the clamping hydraulic cylinder (10) is connected to the push sleeve (5) through a cylinder front plate (9); The hydraulic servo module comprises a hydraulic servo valve and an accumulator in communication with the clamping hydraulic cylinder (10), and is used to control the pressure and flow of the hydraulic oil entering the clamping hydraulic cylinder (10); The control unit module includes a controller and a pressure sensor; the pressure sensor is used to detect the clamping force generated by the clamping mechanism; the controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensor and the hydraulic servo valve, and is used to receive a signal from the pressure sensor and control the action of the hydraulic servo valve according to a preset clamping force parameter to adjust the output force of the clamping hydraulic cylinder (10), thereby realizing closed-loop control of the clamping force.

2. The compact hydraulic clamping mechanism for a radial forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing seat (7) is provided between the cylinder front plate (9) and the push sleeve (5), and the bearing seat (7) is connected to the push sleeve (5) via a key (8) to achieve circumferential positioning and torque transmission.

3. A compact hydraulic clamping mechanism for a radial forging machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined working surface at the front end of the push sleeve (5) and the horizontal plane is 37°.

4. The compact hydraulic clamping mechanism for a radial forging machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping hydraulic cylinders (10) are provided in two groups and are arranged symmetrically.

5. The compact hydraulic clamping mechanism for a radial forging machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic servo buffer module further comprises a power-off protection valve, and the accumulator cooperates with the power-off protection valve in the event of an emergency power outage to provide short-term power to the clamping hydraulic cylinder (10) so that the clamping jaws (1) can be opened.

6. The compact hydraulic clamping mechanism for a radial forging machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control unit module further includes an operation panel disposed on the radial forging machine console. The operation panel is communicatively connected to the controller and is used for inputting preset clamping force parameters and control instructions.

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