Novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of chemistry, in particular to a novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing an MOF-based porous carrier or a porous material / carbon-based nano composite material; step 2, loading a phase-change material, namely loading the phase-change material onto a porous carrier or a porous material / carbon-based nano material through vacuum impregnation to obtain a composite phase-change material; and 3, depositing a photo-thermal conversion material on the composite phase change material to prepare the photo-thermal conversion composite phase change material. According to the invention, the phase-change material is loaded on the porous carrier and is not easy to leak, and the photo-thermal conversion material and the carbon-based nano material are applied to the porous carrier, so that the novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material is finally prepared. The material has the characteristics that the phase change material is not easy to leak and can be recycled, the photo-thermal conversion efficiency is high, the heat conductivity is good, the anti-icing / deicing effect is good, all-weather anti-icing / deicing is realized, and the material is green and environment-friendly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of chemistry, more particularly, to a novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, porous solid-liquid phase change materials (CPCMs) as a new energy-saving material have become a research hotspot in the fields of energy utilization and material science at home and abroad. Among them, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as a new type of organic-inorganic hybrid porous crystalline material are becoming an ideal high-performance phase change composite porous carrier due to their unique pore structure and adjustable chemical properties. For example, Lin Bo used foam copper as a carrier and barium hydroxide octahydrate as a phase change material to prepare a phase change composite material supported by foam copper by a melt filling method, but the light-heat conversion performance of the material is insufficient, which is difficult to meet the needs of passive anti-icing / deicing. Li Hui et al. compounded an organic phase change material in a porous matrix material by physical adsorption, and the experimental results showed that the heat storage capacity of the composite phase change material was improved compared with the pure phase change material, but its light-heat conversion efficiency was low, and there were problems such as insufficient shape stability and low thermal conductivity in actual application. In addition, patent CN115181548A discloses a light-heat phase change composite material, which has a light-heat conversion efficiency of more than 80%, but its phase change energy storage effect is limited under no light conditions, which is difficult to realize anti-icing / deicing in all time periods. Patent CN110713578A proposes a carbon nanotube grafted polyvinyl chloride composite material with self-cleaning anti-icing and photo-induced thermal deicing properties, which has a light-heat conversion efficiency of up to 76%, but the thermal conductivity of the material is low, and its shape stability needs to be improved in a low temperature environment.

[0003] These studies show that the existing porous solid-liquid phase change composite materials still have deficiencies in light-heat conversion performance, thermal conductivity, shape stability, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a new type of passive anti-icing / deicing composite material with high light-heat conversion performance, good thermal conductivity and excellent shape stability. The present application aims to solve the problems of the prior art through innovative material design and preparation process, and to provide a porous solid-liquid phase change composite material with better performance to meet the application requirements in the fields of anti-icing / deicing and building, etc. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material and a preparation method thereof to solve the problems of poor light-heat conversion effect, easy leakage and insufficient reusability in the prior art.

[0005] A preparation method of a novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and carbon-based nanomaterials or reduced graphene oxide are added to a container containing methanol, and after being fully dissolved and dispersed, stirring is performed at room temperature to uniformly mix them; then, the mixture is centrifuged to collect the precipitate; finally, the precipitate is dried to prepare a MOF-based porous carrier;

[0007] Step 2: the prepared ZIF-8, ZIF-8 and carbon-based nanocomposite and phase change material tetradecane are mixed and allowed to stand under stirring and dispersion conditions to promote the full adsorption of tetradecane into the porous structure of ZIF-8 and ZIF-8 and carbon-based nanocomposite; after adsorption is completed, the composite phase change material ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 are prepared by drying treatment;

[0008] Step 3: the composite phase change material prepared in step 2 is further treated, that is, ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 are dispersed in Tris-HCl solution, and the photo-thermal conversion material is gradually added under stirring conditions for coating; after completion, drying is performed to obtain the surface-modified composite phase change material ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA and ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 / PDA, and by optimizing the distribution and binding force of the photo-thermal conversion material, a new passive anti- / de-icing composite material is obtained.

[0009] In step 1, the amount ratio of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole, carbon-based nanomaterials and methanol is 1-3 g: 3-5 g: 0.02-0.06 g: 30-60 mL, and stirring is performed for 3-6 hours followed by standing; after standing is completed, the mixed solution is centrifuged at a centrifugal speed of 8000-12000 r / min for 10-20 minutes; after centrifugation, the supernatant is removed and placed in a drying oven for drying at a drying temperature of 60-80℃ for 2-4 hours to obtain the porous material and carbon-based nanocomposite ZIF-8@GO or ZIF-8@rGO powder.

[0010] In step 2, the amount ratio of tetradecane and the porous material and carbon-based nanocomposite is 20-40 ml: 3-6 g, the stirring time is 0.5-1.5 hours, and the mixture is allowed to stand in a vacuum environment at a temperature of 60-100℃ for 6-12 hours; after standing is completed, the mixture is dried at a drying temperature of 60-80℃ for 20-30 hours to obtain the porous material / carbon-based nanomaterial / phase change material composite material.

[0011] In step 3, the composite material in step 2 is dispersed in a Tris-HCl solution, and a light-heat conversion material is added, stirring for 10-15 hours, and after completion, the mixture is dried, the drying temperature is 60-80 DEG C, and the drying time is 8-12 hours, to obtain the final new passive anti-icing / ice-melting composite material.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present disclosure are:

[0013] 1. The porous carrier has high specific surface area, adjustable porosity and pore size, and other excellent properties;

[0014] 2. The new passive anti-icing / ice-melting composite material has the advantages of being difficult to leak phase change material, being reusable, having high light-heat conversion efficiency, good thermal conductivity, good anti-icing / ice-melting effect, all-weather anti-icing / ice-melting, and green environmental protection;

[0015] 3. The phase change temperature of the phase change material used in the present application is near zero, so it can absorb, store and release latent heat, thereby achieving the effect of anti-icing / ice-melting, and the phase change material can be permanently undamaged, which effectively guarantees the durability of the performance;

[0016] 4. The combination of the phase change material and the light-heat conversion material can effectively utilize solar energy and convert it into heat energy stored inside the material, and when it is night or cloudy, the solar energy stored during the day can be released, thereby achieving the effect of all-weather anti-icing / ice-melting;

[0017] 5. The raw materials of the present application are cheap and easy to obtain, the preparation method is simple, and the application prospect is broad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A sample SEM graph according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A light-heat conversion graph of a composite phase change material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A DSC curve graph of a composite phase change material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 A thermal conductivity comparison graph of a composite phase change material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0022] Figure 5 A shape stability graph of a composite phase change material according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following examples can enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present disclosure, but are not in any way limiting the present disclosure. It should be understood that the reagents used in the present disclosure are all commonly used reagents in the art unless otherwise specified.

[0024] Among the many MOF types, ZIF-8 is an excellent porous material for encapsulating phase change materials due to its high specific surface area, adjustable porosity and pore size, which provides very favorable conditions for the encapsulation of phase change materials.

[0025] The present disclosure provides a new passive anti-icing / deicing composite material and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Preparation of MOF-based porous carrier

[0027] Zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole and carbon-based nanomaterials such as GO or rGO are added to a container containing methanol, fully dissolved and dispersed, and then stirred at room temperature for 3-5 hours; then the mixture is left to stand and centrifuged at 8000-10000 r / min for 10-15 minutes; after centrifugation, the supernatant is removed, the precipitate is collected and dried at 60-70°C for 2-3 hours, and finally the MOF-based porous carrier ZIF-8 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterials are obtained. The carrier has a high specific surface area and good pore structure, which helps to load and improve the performance of the subsequent phase change material.

[0028] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material

[0029] The ZIF-8 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanocomposite material powder prepared in step 1 is mixed with the phase change material tetradecane in a ratio of 20-30 mL:3-5 g, stirred for 0.5-1 hour and then left to stand in a vacuum environment at a temperature of 60-100°C for 6-10 hours, so that the tetradecane is fully adsorbed into the porous structure of ZIF-8; after adsorption is complete, the mixture is dried at a temperature of 60-70°C for 20-24 hours to obtain ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterials / tetradecane composite material.

[0030] Step 3: Deposition of photo-thermal conversion material

[0031] The ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / tetradecane prepared in step 2 are dispersed in 30-40 mL of Tris-HCl solution, and 70-90 mg of a photothermal conversion material, such as PDA, is quickly added. The mixture is stirred in the dark for 10-15 hours for coating. After coating, the mixture is dried at 60-70°C for 8-12 hours to obtain surface-modified novel anti-icing / de-icing composite materials, such as ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change materials. This material can achieve efficient photothermal conversion in a wide spectral range from ultraviolet to near-infrared (NIR, 700-1200 nm), thereby improving the anti-icing / de-icing effect.

[0032] The following description is made with reference to specific embodiments to provide a better understanding of the solutions disclosed herein.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A novel passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Preparation of MOF-based porous supports or porous materials / carbon-based nanocomposites

[0036] S1. Preparation of ZIF-8 or ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanocomposites: 2.7 g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.05 g of 2-methylimidazole, and a carbon-based nanomaterial such as GO or rGO were placed in 30 mL of methanol. After mixing, the mixture was heated in a room temperature water bath for 4 hours. The mixture was then allowed to stand and centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant was discarded, and the precipitate was transferred to a drying oven and dried at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain ZIF-8 or ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanocomposite powder.

[0037] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanopowder / n-C14

[0038] S1. Preparation of ZIF-8 / n-C14: 3 g of ZIF-8 powder / carbon-based nanopowder was placed in 20 mL of tetradecane solution. After stirring for 30 minutes, the mixture was dispersed using ultrasound for 20 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the ZIF-8 in the solution. The mixed solution was then placed in a vacuum environment and allowed to stand for 6 hours to allow the tetradecane to adsorb into the pores of the ZIF-8. After adsorption, the sample was dried in a drying oven at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain the ZIF-8 / n-C14 or ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 composite.

[0039] Step 3: Deposition of photothermal conversion materials

[0040] The ZIF-8 / n-C14 prepared in step 2 and the ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 are dispersed in 35 mL of a Tris-HCl solution, a light-heat conversion material such as PDA 75 mg is quickly added, and coating is performed by stirring at room temperature in the dark for 12 hours; after the coating is completed, the mixture is dried, the drying temperature is 65°C, and the drying time is 9 hours, and finally a surface-modified novel anti- / de-icing composite material such as ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA and a ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change material is obtained.

[0041] Example Two

[0042] A novel passive anti- / de-icing composite material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Preparation of a porous carrier / carbon-based nanomaterial (ZIF-8 or ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial)

[0044] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8 powder: The above raw materials are weighed according to a dosage ratio of 1.8 g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.06 g of 2-methylimidazole, and 50 mL of methanol, mixed, and then placed in a room temperature water bath for heating, with a water bath time of 4 hours; then, standing and centrifugal separation are performed, with a centrifugal speed of 10,000 r / min and a centrifugal time of 10 minutes. After centrifugation, the supernatant is discarded, and the precipitate is transferred to a drying box, with a drying temperature of 70°C and a drying time of 24 hours, and finally ZIF-8 powder is obtained.

[0045] Step 2: Preparation of a porous carrier / carbon-based nanomaterial / phase change material

[0046] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14: The carbon-based nanomaterial (such as graphene, carbon nanotube) is surface-modified, and ultrasonic dispersion is performed in n-tetradecane containing an oil-soluble surfactant such as polyisobutylene-based succinimide at a power of 200-300 W for 15-20 minutes to form a uniform dispersion liquid; 5 g of ZIF-8 powder is placed in 15 mL of the above dispersion liquid solution, stirring is performed for 30 minutes, and then ultrasonic dispersion is performed for 20 minutes to ensure that the ZIF-8 is uniformly dispersed in the solution. Then, the mixed solution is placed in a vacuum environment for standing for 6 hours to promote the adsorption of n-tetradecane into the pores of the ZIF-8. After the adsorption is completed, the sample is placed in a drying box at 70°C for drying for 24 hours, and finally a ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 composite material is obtained.

[0047] Step 3: Preparation of a porous carrier / carbon-based nanomaterial / phase change material / light-heat conversion material

[0048] The ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 prepared in step 2 is dispersed in 36 mL of Tris-HCl solution, and 76 mg of a photothermal conversion material such as PDA is quickly added, and the mixture is stirred for 13 hours in the dark at room temperature for coating; after coating, the mixture is dried at a drying temperature of 66° C. and a drying time of 10 hours to finally obtain a surface-modified new anti-icing / de-icing composite material such as a ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change material.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] A novel passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Preparation of MOF-based porous support ZIF-8

[0052] S1. Preparation of ZIF-8 powder: Weigh 3 g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.04 g of 2-methylimidazole, and 25 mL of methanol. Mix the mixture and heat it in a water bath at room temperature for 4 hours. Then, allow it to stand and centrifuge it at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes. Discard the supernatant and transfer the precipitate to a drying oven and dry it at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain ZIF-8 powder.

[0053] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material ZIF-8 / n-C14

[0054] S1. Preparation of ZIF-8 / n-C14: 5.4 g of ZIF-8 powder was placed in 40 mL of tetradecane solution and stirred for 30 minutes. Ultrasonic dispersion was then performed for 20 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion of the ZIF-8. The mixed solution was then placed in a vacuum environment and allowed to stand for 6 hours to allow the tetradecane to adsorb into the pores of the ZIF-8. After adsorption, the sample was dried in a drying oven at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain the ZIF-8 / n-C14 composite.

[0055] Step 3: Deposition of photothermal conversion materials

[0056] The ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / tetradecane prepared in step 2 are dispersed in 38 mL of Tris-HCl solution, and 77 mg of a photothermal conversion material such as PDA is quickly added, and the mixture is stirred for 14 hours in the dark at room temperature for coating; after the coating is completed, the mixture is dried at a drying temperature of 62° C. and a drying time of 11 hours to finally obtain surface-modified novel anti-icing / de-icing composite materials such as ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change materials.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] A novel passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Preparation of nanocontainer ZIF-8@GO

[0060] S1. Preparation of ZIF-8@GO powder: 1.5 g zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 3.5 g 2-methylimidazole, 0.04 g graphene oxide, and 50 mL methanol were weighed and mixed. Ultrasonic dispersion was performed for 30 minutes to ensure that the graphene oxide and other components were fully dispersed. The mixture was heated in a room temperature water bath for 4 hours and allowed to stand after reaction. The mixture was then centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 10 minutes. The supernatant was discarded and the precipitate was dried in a drying oven at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain the ZIF-8@GO powder.

[0061] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material ZIF-8@GO / n-C14

[0062] S1. Preparation of ZIF-8@GO / n-C14: 3 g of ZIF-8@GO powder was added to 20 mL of tetradecane solution and stirred for 30 minutes for initial mixing. Ultrasonic dispersion was then performed for 20 minutes to uniformly disperse the ZIF-8@GO in the solution. The mixed solution was placed in a vacuum environment for 6 hours to allow the tetradecane to fully adsorb into the porous structure of the ZIF-8@GO. After adsorption, the sample was dried at 70°C for 24 hours to obtain the ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 composite.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] A novel passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Preparation of MOF-based porous support ZIF-8

[0066] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8 powder:

[0067] The raw materials were weighed in the ratio of 2.5 g zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 0.07 g 2-methylimidazole, and 28 mL methanol. After mixing, the mixture was heated in a room temperature water bath for 3.5 hours. The mixture was then allowed to stand and centrifuged at 9500 rpm for 12 minutes. The supernatant was discarded, and the precipitate was transferred to a drying oven and dried at 75°C for 22 hours to obtain ZIF-8 powder.

[0068] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA

[0069] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA:

[0070] 350 mg of ZIF-8 / n-C14 composite material was added to 45 mL of 10 mmol Tris-HCl buffer solution with pH = 8.5 and continuously stirred; then 80 mg of dopamine hydrochloride was quickly added to the above solution. At room temperature, ensure that the reaction is carried out in a dark environment, stir for 10 hours, and finally obtain the ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change material.

[0071] Comparative Example Three

[0072] A novel passive anti-icing / deicing composite material and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Preparation of nano-container ZIF-8@GO

[0074] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8@GO powder: according to the amount ratio of 1.5 g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 3.5 g of 2-methylimidazole, 0.04 g of graphene oxide and 50 mL of methanol, the raw materials were mixed and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes to ensure that the graphene oxide was fully dispersed with other components; the mixed solution was heated in a room temperature water bath, and the water bath time was 4 hours, and after reaction, it was left standing. Then the mixed solution was centrifuged at a speed of 10000 r / min for 10 minutes; after centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded, and the precipitate was placed in a drying oven at 70°C for 24 hours, and finally the product ZIF-8@GO powder was obtained.

[0075] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA

[0076] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA:

[0077] 350 mg of ZIF-8 / n-C14 composite material was added to 45 mL of 10 mmol Tris-HCl buffer solution with pH = 8.5 and continuously stirred; then 80 mg of dopamine hydrochloride was quickly added to the above solution. At room temperature, ensure that the reaction is carried out in a dark environment, stir for 10 hours, and finally obtain the ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change material.

[0078] Step 2: Preparation of composite phase change material ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 / PDA

[0079] S1, Preparation of ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 / PDA: 400 mg of ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 composite material was dispersed in 50 mL of 10 mmol Tris-HCl buffer solution with pH = 8.5, and continuously stirred to form a uniform suspension; 90 mg of dopamine hydrochloride monomer was quickly added, and stirred for 12 hours at room temperature in the dark to complete the polydopamine coating reaction. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was dried, the drying temperature was 70°C, and the drying time was 8 hours, and finally the ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 / PDA composite phase change material was obtained.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments, and various changes, substitutions and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a new passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole, and carbon-based nanomaterials or reduced graphene oxide are added to a container containing methanol, fully dissolved and dispersed, and then stirred at room temperature to uniformly mix; then, the mixture is centrifuged to collect the precipitate; finally, the precipitate is dried to prepare a MOF-based porous support; Step 2: The prepared ZIF-8, ZIF-8 and carbon-based nanocomposite materials are mixed with the phase change material tetradecane, and the mixture is allowed to stand under stirring and dispersion conditions to promote the full adsorption of tetradecane into the porous structure of ZIF-8 and the ZIF-8 and carbon-based nanocomposite materials; after the adsorption is completed, the composite phase change materials ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 are prepared by drying. Step 3: The composite phase change material prepared in step 2 is further processed, that is, ZIF-8 / n-C14 and ZIF-8 / carbon-based nanomaterial / n-C14 are dispersed in Tris-HCl solution, and the photothermal conversion material is gradually added under stirring for coating; after completion, drying is performed to obtain surface-modified composite phase change materials ZIF-8 / n-C14 / PDA and ZIF-8@GO / n-C14 / PDA. By optimizing the distribution and binding force of the photothermal conversion material, a new passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material is obtained.

2. The method for preparing a composite phase change material according to claim 1, wherein: In step 1, the ratio of zinc nitrate hexahydrate, 2-methylimidazole, carbon-based nanomaterial and methanol is 1-3 g: 3-5 g: 0.02-0.06 g: 30-60 mL, and the mixture is stirred for 3-6 hours and then allowed to stand. After the standing is completed, the mixed solution is centrifuged at a centrifugal speed of 8000-12000 r / min and a centrifugal time of 10-20 minutes. After centrifugation, the supernatant was removed and the mixture was placed in a drying oven for drying at a temperature of 60 to 80° C. for 2 to 4 hours to obtain porous materials and carbon-based nanocomposite ZIF-8@GO or ZIF-8@rGO powder.

3. The method for preparing a composite phase change material according to claim 1, wherein: In step 2, the usage ratio of tetradecane, porous material and carbon-based nanocomposite material is 20-40 ml: 3-6 g, the stirring time is 0.5-1.5 hours, and the mixture is placed in a vacuum environment at a temperature of 60-100° C. for 6-12 hours. After the standing is completed, the mixture is dried at a drying temperature of 60-80° C. for 20-30 hours to obtain a porous material / carbon-based nanomaterial / phase change material composite material.

4. The method for preparing a composite phase change material according to claim 1, wherein: In step 3, the composite material in step 2 is dispersed in a Tris-HCl solution, and the photothermal conversion material is added and stirred for 10 to 15 hours. After completion, the mixture is dried at a drying temperature of 60 to 80° C. and a drying time of 8 to 12 hours to obtain the final new passive anti-icing / de-icing composite material. 5 . The composite phase change material prepared by the method for preparing a composite phase change material according to claim 1 .

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