Full-automatic track bolt operation maintenance device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of track operation, and discloses a full-automatic track bolt operation maintenance device which comprises a track body, a bottom framework is arranged at the top of the track body, a control box is arranged at the top of the bottom framework, batteries are arranged at the positions, located on the two sides of the control box, of the top of the bottom framework, and a positioning sensor is further arranged on the bottom framework. Two first L-shaped plates are symmetrically distributed on one side of the bottom of the bottom framework, and a positioning wheel is arranged between the two first L-shaped plates. According to the full-automatic track bolt operation maintenance device, through the collaborative design of the positioning unit and the execution assembly, the operation safety problem under the ice surface low-friction environment is fundamentally solved. After the sucker of the positioning assembly is adsorbed on the track, the sucker and the positioning wheel can fix the bottom framework together, so that the device is prevented from slipping or displacing when bolt torque is applied, the phenomenon of false tightening is completely eradicated, namely the situation that the recorded torque of the device reaches the standard but effective torque is not actually applied to the bolt is prevented, and the potential safety hazard of line operation is eliminated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of track operation, and in particular to a full-automatic track bolt operation and maintenance device. BACKGROUND

[0002] After the track is laid, the track will expand and contract due to temperature changes throughout the year, and the internal stress of the track will increase sharply, which will affect the safe operation of the train to some extent. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly loosen the track bolts to release the stress of the track, so as to achieve the effect of track maintenance. The existing track bolt operation and maintenance device moves on two tracks through four rollers arranged thereon to realize the movement of the robot. When there is ice on the track, the device is easy to slip when walking on the track, and the following defects exist in the use process:

[0003] 1. When the device is tightening or loosening the bolt, the device itself needs to provide strong counterforce on the track to maintain stability. The extremely low friction of the ice surface makes the driving wheel of the robot unable to firmly "grab" the track surface, resulting in easy slipping or even displacement of the robot when the torque is applied. This not only causes "false tightening", that is, the device records that the torque value has reached the standard, but in fact, due to slipping, the bolt is not applied with enough effective torque, leaving a serious safety hazard; more dangerously, the control system of the device may output an overload torque instantaneously to overcome the slipping, and once the wheel suddenly grabs the ground, this huge force will be directly applied to the bolt, which is easy to cause the bolt to be twisted off or the thread to be damaged, changing the maintainer into a destroyer.

[0004] 2. The ice layer on the surface of the track will greatly reduce the friction between the wheel and the rail, resulting in serious slipping and sliding of the device during movement. This is like a car losing control and drifting on the ice. The device relies on precise encoders and positioning systems to calculate the distance traveled, but the wheel spinning and slipping will make the mileage calculation completely distorted, causing it to be unable to stop at the predetermined bolt operation position. As a result, it may stop too early or pass the target point, requiring repeated positioning adjustments, which greatly reduces the work efficiency. More seriously, on a line with a slope, the device may even risk sliding due to insufficient grip, endangering the safety of itself and the line equipment. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art that the ice surface causes the device to slip and displace, cannot accurately stop at the operation point, the positioning efficiency is greatly reduced, and there is a risk of sliding, and at the same time, the device slips when tightening the bolt due to insufficient grip, causing false tightening or torque overload, which not only hides safety hazards but also easily damages the bolt itself, a full-automatic track bolt operation and maintenance device is proposed.

[0006] The present application provides a fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device, the purpose of which is to effectively overcome the problem of slipping on the ice surface, ensure the stability of the device during movement and operation, and improve the safety and reliability of operation.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device, including a rail body, a bottom frame provided on the top of the rail body, a control box provided on the top of the bottom frame, batteries provided on both sides of the top of the bottom frame on the control box, a positioning sensor provided on the bottom frame, two first L-shaped plates symmetrically provided on one side of the bottom of the bottom frame, a positioning wheel provided between the two first L-shaped plates, the positioning wheel being in rolling connection with the rail body, and a positioning unit provided on the first L-shaped plate;

[0008] The positioning unit includes a guide component provided on the first L-shaped plate, the guide component is provided with an adsorption component, the guide component includes a guide assembly provided on the first L-shaped plate, the guide assembly is provided with a removal assembly, and the adsorption component includes a positioning assembly provided on the guide assembly;

[0009] The guide component is used to guide the positioning wheel when it moves, and the adsorption component is used to adsorb and position the positioning wheel when it stops moving;

[0010] The guide assembly includes a lifting block arranged on the first L-shaped plate, a sliding groove is arranged on the lifting block, a connecting rod is arranged inside the sliding groove, a U-shaped seat is arranged on the connecting rod, and a guide wheel is arranged on the U-shaped seat, and the guide wheel is rollingly connected to the track body.

[0011] Furthermore, the removal assembly includes a removal spring arranged between the connecting rod and the inner wall of the slide groove, and the lifting block is also provided with a through groove connected to the inner side of the slide groove, and a guide rod is provided on the inner side of the through groove, and the guide rod is fixedly connected to the connecting rod, and the first L-shaped plate is provided with a side plate, and an inclined hole is provided on the side plate, and a vertical hole connected to the inclined hole is also provided on the side plate, and the guide rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the inclined hole and the vertical hole respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning assembly includes a positioning slide arranged on the U-shaped seat, a cylinder is arranged on the top of the positioning slide, a suction cup is arranged on the top of the cylinder, and the suction cup is connected to the inner side of the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the adsorption component further includes a driving assembly provided on the first L-shaped plate, the driving assembly is provided with a transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is provided with a deflation assembly;

[0014] The driving assembly includes a driving motor arranged on a first L-shaped plate, a driving disk is provided on the output shaft of the driving motor, an arc-shaped cavity is provided on the driving disk, a guide block is provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped cavity, the guide block is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor, a threaded column is provided at the bottom of the driving disk, and the lifting block is threadedly connected to the threaded column.

[0015] Further, the transmission assembly comprises a sleeve arranged on the positioning slide plate, and an inner rod is arranged at the top of the sleeve, penetrates through the threaded column and is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the driving motor.

[0016] Further, the deflation assembly comprises a sealing plate arranged on the inner side of the cylinder body, a connecting shaft is arranged at the bottom of the sealing plate, a driven wheel is arranged on the connecting shaft, a driving wheel is arranged on the sleeve, a belt is arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, a gas hole is arranged on the sealing plate and communicates with the inner side of the cylinder body, and an L-shaped hole is arranged on the sealing plate.

[0017] Further, the walking assembly arranged on the bottom framework further comprises two second L-shaped plates arranged on the bottom framework in a symmetrical manner, a walking wheel is arranged between the two second L-shaped plates and is in rolling connection with the track body, an encoder is arranged on one of the second L-shaped plates, and a traveling motor is arranged on the encoder.

[0018] Further, the execution assembly arranged on the bottom framework further comprises a motor reducer module arranged on the bottom framework, a spline shaft is arranged on the motor reducer module, a spiral cylinder is arranged on the spline shaft, a pressing block is arranged on the spiral cylinder, a twisting cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the spiral cylinder, a compression pressing module is arranged on the motor reducer module, and the pressing block is fixedly connected with the compression pressing module.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0020] 1. The cooperative design of the positioning unit and the execution assembly solves the operation safety problem in the low-friction environment of the ice surface from the root. After the suction cup of the positioning assembly is adsorbed to the track, the bottom framework can be fixed together with the positioning wheel, so as to avoid slipping or displacement of the device when the bolt torque is applied, completely eliminate the "false tightening" phenomenon, i.e., prevent the device from recording torque compliance but not actually applying effective torque to the bolt, ensure the connection strength of the track, and eliminate the hidden danger of line operation safety. At the same time, the execution assembly precisely adjusts the torque by controlling the output current of the motor reducer module, avoids the control system from outputting an overload torque to overcome the slipping, prevents the bolt from being twisted off or the thread from being damaged when the wheel suddenly grabs the ground, avoids the device from changing from a "maintainer" to a "destroyer", and significantly reduces the damage of the track equipment and the risk of line failure.

[0021] 2、Through the encoder of the walking assembly, the position information of the positioning sensor can be converted into a distance signal, the traveling motor is accurately controlled, the mileage calculation distortion caused by the wheel idling is avoided, the device is prevented from stopping early or passing through the target point, and the time cost of repeatedly adjusting the position is reduced. In view of the risk of slope coasting, the adsorption fixing function of the positioning unit can firmly lock the position of the device, even if the track surface has an ice layer and insufficient grip, the device can be stably parked, and an additional anti-skid fixing structure is not needed. In addition, the compression and pressing module of the execution assembly can drive the screwing drum to adapt to bolts of different heights, so that the device can work continuously and efficiently under complex conditions without replacing the working parts.

[0022] 3、Through detachable connection and wear protection, the equipment maintenance cost and operation difficulty are effectively reduced. In the positioning assembly, the connecting rod and the U-shaped seat are detachably connected, and the positioning slide plate and the U-shaped seat are inserted and matched, so that the device can be quickly assembled during installation. If the vulnerable parts such as guide wheels and suction cups fail later, they can also be conveniently disassembled and replaced, reducing maintenance time and labor cost. At the same time, the inclined hole and the vertical hole of the moving away assembly can make the lifting block drive the guide wheel to move horizontally first and then vertically upward when the lifting block rises, avoiding direct friction between the guide wheel and the track body to cause wear, prolonging the service life of the guide wheel and reducing the replacement frequency of vulnerable parts. The overall device is controlled by the control box, and each component operates cooperatively without manual intervention. The operator only needs to send instructions through the control box to realize fully automatic operation, reduce the requirement for the skill level of the operator, and reduce human operation errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a first perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a second perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a positioning unit structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a guide assembly structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a moving away assembly structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a moving away assembly local structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a suction component structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a driving assembly structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 Figure is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly of the present application in partial cross-section;

[0032] Figure 10 Figure is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the present application;

[0033] Figure 11 Figure is a schematic diagram of the deflation assembly of the present application;

[0034] Figure 12 Figure is a schematic diagram of the deflation assembly of the present application in partial cross-section;

[0035] Figure 13 Figure is a schematic diagram of the walking assembly of the present application;

[0036] Figure 14 Figure is a schematic diagram of the execution assembly of the present application.

[0037] In the figure:

[0038] 1, track body; 11, bottom skeleton; 12, control box; 13, battery; 14, positioning sensor; 15, first L-shaped plate; 16, positioning wheel; 2, guide assembly; 21, lifting block; 22, connecting rod; 23, U-shaped seat; 24, guide wheel; 3, moving away assembly; 31, moving away spring; 32, guide rod; 33, side plate; 34, inclined hole; 35, vertical hole; 4, positioning assembly; 41, positioning slide plate; 42, cylinder; 43, suction cup; 5, drive assembly; 51, drive motor; 52, drive disc; 53, arc-shaped cavity; 54, guide block; 55, threaded column; 6, transmission assembly; 61, sleeve; 62, inner rod; 7, deflation assembly; 71, sealing plate; 72, connecting shaft; 73, driven wheel; 74, driving wheel; 75, belt; 76, air hole; 77, L-shaped hole; 8, walking assembly; 81, second L-shaped plate; 82, walking wheel; 83, encoder; 84, walking motor; 9, execution assembly; 91, motor reducer module; 92, spline shaft; 93, spiral cylinder; 94, pressing block; 95, twisting cylinder; 96, compression pressing module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-7For the first embodiment of the application, a full-automatic track bolt operation maintenance device is provided, comprising a track body 1, a bottom framework 11 is slidingly connected to the top of the track body 1, a control box 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom framework 11, a battery 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom framework 11 on both sides of the control box 12, a positioning sensor 14 is also fixedly connected to the bottom framework 11, two first L-shaped plates 15 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom framework 11 in a symmetrical manner, a positioning wheel 16 is rotatably connected between the two first L-shaped plates 15, the positioning wheel 16 is rollingly connected with the track body 1, and the device further comprises a positioning unit installed on the first L-shaped plate 15; the positioning unit comprises a guide component installed on the first L-shaped plate 15, the guide component is provided with an adsorption component, the guide component comprises a guide assembly 2 installed on the first L-shaped plate 15, the guide assembly 2 is provided with a moving-away assembly 3, and the adsorption component comprises a positioning assembly 4 installed on the guide assembly 2; the guide component is used for guiding the positioning wheel 16 when moving, and the adsorption component is used for adsorbing and positioning the positioning wheel 16 when stopping moving; the guide assembly 2 comprises a lifting block 21 which is limitingly and slidingly connected to the first L-shaped plate 15, a sliding groove is formed in the lifting block 21, a connecting rod 22 is limitingly and slidingly connected to the inner side of the sliding groove, a U-shaped seat 23 is detachably connected to the connecting rod 22, a guide wheel 24 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped seat 23, and the guide wheel 24 is rollingly connected with the track body 1.

[0041] Specifically, the positioning wheel 16 is rotatably connected between the first L-shaped plates 15 on both sides of the bottom of the bottom framework 11, the positioning wheel 16 is rollingly matched with the track body 1, and the device provides basic guidance for movement; the positioning sensor 14 collects device position information in real time and feeds back to the control box 12, so as to avoid the distortion of mileage calculation caused by ice surface slipping, ensure the accurate identification of bolt operation position by the device, reduce the positioning adjustment time, and improve the efficiency. In view of the low friction problem of the ice surface, the device strengthens the stability through the positioning unit. The guide assembly 2 of the guide component plays a key role, the lifting block 21 is limitingly and slidingly connected with the first L-shaped plate 15, the height can be adjusted according to the needs of the positioning assembly 4, the positioning assembly 4 is driven to rise and fall, and the positioning wheel 16 is positioned when stopping moving; the connecting rod 22 is limitingly and slidingly connected in the sliding groove of the lifting block 21, the guide wheel 24 on the U-shaped seat 23 is rollingly close to the track body 1, and the directivity of the device when moving is further enhanced, so as to prevent the ice surface from slipping. This avoids the device from slipping or displacing when applying bolt tightening or loosening torque. This prevents the "false tightening" phenomenon, ensures the effective torque of the bolt, avoids the control system from outputting overload torque to overcome slipping, prevents the bolt from being twisted off or the thread from being damaged, eliminates the risk of hill start, and ensures the safety of equipment and lines.

[0042] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6The moving-away assembly 3 comprises a moving-away spring 31 fixedly connected between the connecting rod 22 and the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a through groove is formed in the lifting block 21 and communicates with the inner side of the sliding groove, a guide rod 32 is slidably connected in the through groove, the guide rod 32 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 22, a side plate 33 is fixedly connected to the first L-shaped plate 15, an inclined hole 34 is formed in the side plate 33, and a vertical hole 35 is formed in the side plate 33 and communicates with the inclined hole 34, and the guide rod 32 is slidably connected with the inner sides of the inclined hole 34 and the vertical hole 35.

[0043] Specifically, when the lifting block 21 moves upward, the connecting rod 22 is driven to move upward, the guide rod 32 slides in the inclined hole 34, the guide rod 32 is horizontally driven to move under the action of the inclined hole 34, the connecting rod 22 slides in the inner side of the sliding groove, and the moving-away spring 31 is compressed, when the lifting block 21 continues to rise, the guide rod 32 slides into the vertical hole 35 from the inclined hole 34, the connecting rod 22 vertically rises under the action of the vertical hole 35, and then the U-shaped seat 23 is horizontally moved for a distance and then vertically moves upward, so that the U-shaped seat 23 vertically moves upward without friction of the guide wheel 24 on the track body 1, and the use of the guide wheel 24 is affected.

[0044] Embodiment 2, refer to Figure 7 As a second embodiment of the present application, the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the positioning assembly 4 comprises a positioning sliding plate 41 limitingly and slidably connected to the U-shaped seat 23, a cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the positioning sliding plate 41, and a suction disc 43 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 42 and communicates with the inner side of the cylinder 42.

[0045] Specifically, when the U-shaped seat 23 moves upward, the positioning sliding plate 41 is driven to move, the suction disc 43 is driven to move upward through the cylinder 42, the track body 1 is adsorbed under the action of the suction disc 43, the U-shaped seat 23 is positioned, the bottom frame 11 is positioned under the joint action of the positioning wheel 16 and the U-shaped seat 23, and the bottom frame 11 is prevented from sliding when the track body 1 has ice layer and causes inaccurate positioning. Since the connecting rod 22 is detachably connected with the U-shaped seat 23, when the device is placed on the track body 1, the U-shaped seat 23 is connected with the connecting rod 22, and the positioning sliding plate 41 is inserted into the U-shaped seat 23.

[0046] Refer to Figures 8-12, the adsorption component further comprises a driving assembly 5 installed on the first L-shaped plate 15, a transmission assembly 6 is installed on the driving assembly 5, and a deflation assembly 7 is installed on the transmission assembly 6; the driving assembly 5 comprises a driving motor 51 fixedly connected to the first L-shaped plate 15, a driving disc 52 rotationally connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 51, an arc-shaped cavity 53 formed in the driving disc 52, a guide block 54 slidably connected to an inner side of the arc-shaped cavity 53, and a threaded column 55 fixedly connected to a bottom of the driving disc 52 and threadedly connected to the lifting block 21.

[0047] Specifically, the driving motor 51 is started to drive the guide block 54 to rotate, and under the action of the arc-shaped cavity 53, the driving disc 52 is driven to rotate, and in turn, the threaded column 55 is driven to rotate, so that the lifting block 21 slides on the threaded column 55.

[0048] Referring to Figure 10 , the transmission assembly 6 comprises a sleeve 61 rotationally connected to the positioning sliding plate 41, an inner rod 62 limitingly and slidably connected to a top of the sleeve 61, and the threaded column 55 penetrates through the inner rod 62 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor 51.

[0049] Specifically, when the driving motor 51 rotates, the inner rod 62 is driven to rotate, and since the inner rod 62 is limitingly and slidably connected to the sleeve 61, the sleeve 61 is driven to rotate.

[0050] Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , the deflation assembly 7 comprises a sealing plate 71 sealingly and rotationally connected to an inner side of the cylinder body 42, a connecting shaft 72 fixedly connected to a bottom of the sealing plate 71, a driven wheel 73 fixedly sleeved on the connecting shaft 72, a driving wheel 74 fixedly sleeved on the sleeve 61, a belt 75 sleeved between the driving wheel 74 and the driven wheel 73, a gas hole 76 formed in the sealing plate 71 and communicating with the inner side of the cylinder body 42, and an L-shaped hole 77 formed in the sealing plate 71.

[0051] Specifically, when the U-shaped seat 23 moves upward, the positioning sliding plate 41 is driven to move upward, so that the inner rod 62 slides in the inner side of the sleeve 61, and when the suction cup 43 is in contact with the track body 1, the gas in the suction cup 43 is discharged. Since the sealing plate 71 seals between the suction cup 43 and the cylinder body 42, after the gas in the suction cup 43 is discharged, the suction cup 43 can be adsorbed on the track body 1. When the U-shaped seat 23 moves downward, due to the suction cup 43 being tightly adsorbed on the track body 1, the U-shaped seat 23 cannot move downward, and when the driving motor 51 starts, the guide block 54 is first driven to rotate, so that the guide block 54 rotates in the inner side of the arc-shaped cavity 53, and when the guide block 54 is in contact with the inner wall of the arc-shaped cavity 53, the driving disc 52 is driven to rotate, that is, when the driving motor 51 rotates, the inner rod 62 immediately rotates, and the driving disc 52 is subsequently rotated, that is, the threaded column 55 is subsequently rotated, so that the gas in the suction cup 43 is first discharged, and then the U-shaped seat 23 starts to descend. The inner rod 62 rotates to drive the sleeve 61 to rotate, and the U-shaped seat 23 moves up and down, that is, the driving motor 51 is subjected to positive and reverse rotation. When the driving motor 51 rotates forward, the U-shaped seat 23 rises, and the suction cup 43 does not need to be discharged. The one-way bearing is arranged between the driving wheel 74 and the sleeve 61, and the driving wheel 74 rotates under the action of the belt 75 to drive the driven wheel 73 to rotate. Under the action of the one-way bearing, when the sleeve 61 rotates forward, the driving wheel 74 does not rotate. When the driving motor 51 reverses, the U-shaped seat 23 descends, the driving wheel 74 drives the driven wheel 73 to rotate through the belt 75, and then drives the connecting shaft 72 to rotate, drives the sealing plate 71 to rotate, and since the L-shaped hole 77 is formed in the sealing plate 71, the L-shaped hole 77 is initially sealed, and as the sealing plate 71 rotates, the L-shaped hole 77 and the air hole 76 will be connected in an instant, so that the external gas enters the suction cup 43 from the air hole 76 and the L-shaped hole 77, so that the suction cup 43 is filled with gas, and the adsorption on the track body 1 is released. The remaining structure is the same as that of example 1.

[0052] Example 3, refer to Figure 13 This is the third embodiment of the application, which is different from the second embodiment: it further comprises a walking assembly 8 installed on the bottom frame 11, the walking assembly 8 comprises two second L-shaped plates 81 fixedly connected to the bottom frame 11 in a symmetrical distribution, and a walking wheel 82 rotatably connected between the two second L-shaped plates 81, wherein one of the second L-shaped plates 81 is fixedly connected with an encoder 83, and the encoder 83 is fixedly connected with a traveling motor 84.

[0053] Specifically, the device is placed on the track to travel, the bottom skeleton 11 bottom positioning sensor 14 detects the track bolt position information sent to the control box 12, the control box 12 sends instructions to the encoder 83, the encoder 83 converts the position information detected by the positioning sensor 14 into distance information, and then controls the travel motor 84 to make the device travel above the track bolt. When the travel motor 84 stops running, the control box 12 controls the drive motor 51 to start, and the bottom skeleton 11 is positioned.

[0054] Referring to Figure 14 Further comprising an execution assembly 9 mounted on the bottom skeleton 11, the execution assembly 9 comprising a motor reducer module 91 fixedly connected to the bottom skeleton 11, a spline shaft 92 fixedly connected to the motor reducer module 91, a spiral cylinder 93 slidingly connected to the spline shaft 92, a lower pressing block 94 rotatably connected to the spiral cylinder 93, a twisting cylinder 95 fixedly connected to the bottom of the spiral cylinder 93, and a compression pressing module 96 fixedly connected to the motor reducer module 91, the lower pressing block 94 being fixedly connected to the compression pressing module 96.

[0055] Specifically, the compression pressing module 96 in the execution assembly 9 drives the rotating spiral cylinder 93 to slide along the spline shaft 92 to the track bolt, until the twisting cylinder 95 is buckled on the track bolt to loosen and tighten the bolt. During the tightening of the bolt, the output torque can be accurately controlled by controlling the output current of the motor reducer module 91, so that the track bolt reaches the torque value required by the railway standard, thereby realizing accurate maintenance of the track. In addition, the execution assembly 9 comprises the compression pressing module 96, which drives the lower pressing block 94 to move downward, so that the twisting cylinder 95 moves downward above the bolt, which can realize maintenance work of bolts of different heights, complete the maintenance work of the track bolt installation error larger section, and improve the practicability of the device. The rest of the structure is the same as that of embodiment 2.

[0056] In summary, the working principle of the present application is as follows: the bottom skeleton 11 provides a mounting base for each component, the battery 13 supplies power, and the control box 12 receives signals from the positioning sensor 14 and controls the overall operation. During the moving stage, the walking assembly 8 is activated, the travel motor 84 drives the walking wheels 82 to roll along the track, and the encoder 83 converts the bolt position information detected by the positioning sensor 14 into a distance signal, so that the precision control device can stop at the work point and avoid positional deviation caused by ice surface slipping. After stopping, the positioning unit is activated to enhance stability. The lifting block 21 of the guiding assembly 2 slides along the first L-shaped plate 15, driving the guide wheels 24 to closely adhere to the track and enhance the moving guiding property; the moving assembly 3 cooperates, when the lifting block 21 rises, the guide rod 32 first slides along the inclined hole 34 to horizontally move away the guide wheels 24, and then vertically rises along the vertical hole 35 to avoid damage of the guide wheels 24 caused by friction with the track. At the same time, the suction cups 43 of the positioning assembly 4 rise with the U-shaped seat 23 and adsorb the track, combining with the positioning wheels 16 to fix the bottom skeleton 11, offsetting the low friction of the ice surface, preventing slipping or displacement during work, and avoiding "false tightening" and bolt damage. When moving is needed, the drive motor 51 is reversed, the sealing plate 71 of the deflation assembly 7 is driven to rotate by the transmission assembly 6, the L-shaped hole 77 is communicated with the air hole 76, the suction cups 43 are deflated to release adsorption. The compression down module 96 drives the down block 94 to move down, the screw cylinder 93 slides along the spline shaft 92, and the screw cylinder 95 is buckled to the bolt; the motor reducer module 91 drives the screw cylinder 95 to rotate, precisely adjusts the torque by controlling the output current, meets the railway bolt standard, and can adapt to bolts of different heights, improves the practicality of the equipment, and finally realizes efficient and safe maintenance of the track bolt.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not limiting. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device, comprising a rail body (1), a bottom frame (11) is provided on the top of the rail body (1), a control box (12) is provided on the top of the bottom frame (11), batteries (13) are provided on both sides of the control box (12) on the top of the bottom frame (11), a positioning sensor (14) is also provided on the bottom frame (11), two first L-shaped plates (15) are symmetrically distributed on one side of the bottom of the bottom frame (11), a positioning wheel (16) is provided between the two first L-shaped plates (15), and the positioning wheel (16) is rollingly connected to the rail body (1), characterized in that: It also includes a positioning unit arranged on the first L-shaped plate (15); The positioning unit comprises a guide component arranged on a first L-shaped plate (15), an adsorption component is arranged on the guide component, the guide component comprises a guide assembly (2) arranged on the first L-shaped plate (15), a removal assembly (3) is arranged on the guide assembly (2), and the adsorption component comprises a positioning assembly (4) arranged on the guide assembly (2); The guide component is used to guide the positioning wheel (16) when it moves, and the adsorption component is used to adsorb and position the positioning wheel (16) when it stops moving; The guide assembly (2) comprises a lifting block (21) arranged on the first L-shaped plate (15), a sliding groove is arranged on the lifting block (21), a connecting rod (22) is arranged inside the sliding groove, a U-shaped seat (23) is arranged on the connecting rod (22), a guide wheel (24) is arranged on the U-shaped seat (23), and the guide wheel (24) is rollingly connected to the track body (1).

2. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The removal assembly (3) includes a removal spring (31) arranged between the connecting rod (22) and the inner wall of the slide groove, the lifting block (21) is further provided with a through groove communicating with the inner side of the slide groove, the inner side of the through groove is provided with a guide rod (32), the guide rod (32) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (22), the first L-shaped plate (15) is provided with a side plate (33), the side plate (33) is provided with an inclined hole (34), the side plate (33) is further provided with a vertical hole (35) communicating with the inclined hole (34), and the guide rod (32) is respectively slidably connected to the inner side of the inclined hole (34) and the vertical hole (35).

3. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (4) comprises a positioning slide (41) arranged on a U-shaped seat (23), a cylinder (42) is arranged on the top of the positioning slide (41), a suction cup (43) is arranged on the top of the cylinder (42), and the suction cup (43) is communicated with the inner side of the cylinder (42).

4. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The adsorption component further includes a driving assembly (5) arranged on the first L-shaped plate (15), a transmission assembly (6) being arranged on the driving assembly (5), and a degassing assembly (7) being arranged on the transmission assembly (6); The driving assembly (5) comprises a driving motor (51) arranged on a first L-shaped plate (15); the output shaft of the driving motor (51) is provided with a driving disk (52); the driving disk (52) is provided with an arc-shaped cavity (53); a guide block (54) is provided inside the arc-shaped cavity (53); the guide block (54) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the driving motor (51); a threaded column (55) is provided at the bottom of the driving disk (52); and the lifting block (21) is threadedly connected to the threaded column (55).

5. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (6) comprises a sleeve (61) arranged on the positioning slide (41), an inner rod (62) is arranged on the top of the sleeve (61), and the top of the inner rod (62) passes through the threaded column (55) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (51).

6. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The degassing assembly (7) comprises a sealing plate (71) arranged inside the cylinder (42), a connecting shaft (72) is arranged at the bottom of the sealing plate (71), a driven wheel (73) is arranged on the connecting shaft (72), a driving wheel (74) is arranged on the sleeve (61), a belt (75) is arranged between the driving wheel (74) and the driven wheel (73), an air hole (76) communicating with the inner side of the cylinder (42) is arranged at the sealing plate (71) of the cylinder (42), and an L-shaped hole (77) is arranged on the sealing plate (71).

7. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a walking assembly (8) arranged on the bottom frame (11), the walking assembly (8) including two second L-shaped plates (81) symmetrically distributed and arranged on the bottom frame (11), a walking wheel (82) being arranged between the two second L-shaped plates (81), the walking wheel (82) being rollingly connected to the track body (1), an encoder (83) being arranged on one of the second L-shaped plates (81), and a traveling motor (84) being arranged on the encoder (83).

8. The fully automatic rail bolt operation and maintenance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes an execution assembly (9) arranged on the bottom frame (11), the execution assembly (9) includes a motor reducer module (91) arranged on the bottom frame (11), a spline shaft (92) is arranged on the motor reducer module (91), a spiral barrel (93) is arranged on the spline shaft (92), a lower pressing block (94) is arranged on the spiral barrel (93), a twisting barrel (95) is arranged at the bottom of the spiral barrel (93), a compression lower pressing module (96) is arranged on the motor reducer module (91), and the lower pressing block (94) is fixedly connected to the compression lower pressing module (96).

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