Generator control method and system based on bionic eddy current regulation and control and magnetic variable pitch

Abstract

The invention discloses a generator control method and system based on bionic eddy current regulation and control and magnetic variable pitch. The generator control method based on bionic vortex regulation and control and magnetic variable pitch comprises the steps that the wind speed is obtained, a variable geometric vortex generator is regulated and controlled according to the wind speed, when the wind speed is smaller than a first preset wind speed, the height of a fin of the variable geometric vortex generator is increased, and when the wind speed is larger than a second preset wind speed, the height of the fin is reduced. The first preset wind speed is smaller than the second preset wind speed; pressure distribution on the surface of the blade is obtained, when the pressure distribution on the surface of the blade is abnormal, the deformation area is positioned, and the bionic self-adaptive deformation structure is controlled to conduct self-adaptive deformation in the deformation area so as to guide airflow attachment; according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the surfaces of the blades, the magnetostriction variable pitch system is controlled to drive the blades to change the angles and the lengths, and according to the embodiment of the invention, the environmental adaptability, the reliability and the working efficiency of the wind driven generator can be effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wind power generation technology, in particular to a generator control method and system based on biomimetic vortex regulation and magnetic variable pitch. BACKGROUND

[0002] The vortex control of the existing vertical axis wind turbine mainly has the following technical bottlenecks: (1) Passive control limitations. When using fixed vortex generators, their geometric parameters (such as height and installation angle) cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the working conditions, resulting in insufficient vortex intensity at low wind speeds and possible flow separation at high wind speeds. When the direction of the incoming flow changes suddenly or the turbulence intensity increases, static vortex generators can exacerbate the dynamic stall phenomenon on the blade surface, causing a sudden drop in aerodynamic performance.

[0003] (2) Active control defects. Jet-type active control requires additional energy input, and the net output efficiency of the system is significantly reduced. The aerodynamic actuator has a response delay, making it difficult to match the unique periodic angle of attack changes of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0004] The main technical shortcomings of the existing variable pitch system are: (1) Mechanical transmission defects. The variable pitch system relying on gearboxes or link mechanisms has transmission gaps, resulting in a 0.5-1° positioning error in pitch angle adjustment. In the case of frequent pitch changes, mechanical wear causes continuous degradation of precision, which requires regular calibration and maintenance.

[0005] (2) Insufficient dynamic performance. The step response time of traditional electric / hydraulic drive systems generally exceeds 500ms, which cannot effectively suppress the instantaneous load impact caused by gusts. There is a phase difference between the variable pitch action and the real-time flow field state, resulting in aerodynamic regulation lag. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a generator control method and system based on biomimetic vortex regulation and magnetic variable pitch to effectively improve the environmental adaptability, reliability and working efficiency of the wind turbine.

[0007] In a first aspect, a generator control method based on biomimetic vortex regulation and magnetic variable pitch is provided. The generator is a wind turbine, which is provided with a variable geometry vortex generator and a magnetostrictive variable pitch system. A biomimetic adaptive deformation structure is provided on the surface of the blade of the wind turbine. The control method comprises: obtaining the wind speed and regulating the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, the height of the airfoil of the variable geometry vortex generator is increased, and when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, the height of the airfoil is reduced, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed. obtain the pressure distribution of the blade surface, and locate a deformation region when the pressure distribution of the blade surface is abnormal, and control the bionic adaptive deformation structure to perform adaptive deformation in the deformation region to guide airflow adhesion; control the magnetostrictive variable pitch system to drive the blade to change the angle and length according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution of the blade surface.

[0008] In some examples, the variable geometry vortex generator adopts a micro-wing array driven by a shape memory alloy wire and a piezoelectric ceramic, wherein each wing includes: a base layer, which is a flexible polyimide film for insulation and support; a driving layer, which is an SMA wire spiral or a piezoelectric ceramic piece, independently controlled by embedded circuit; a vortex generation layer, which is a micro-asymmetric airfoil with a ceramic coating on the surface.

[0009] In some examples, further comprising: obtain the jet flow intensity according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution of the blade surface; fine-tune the jet flow intensity to eliminate steady-state error; control the jet flow according to the fine-tuned jet flow intensity.

[0010] In some examples, the bionic adaptive deformation structure includes: a flexible skin made of silicone rubber-carbon fiber composite material to simulate the flexible connection structure of bird feathers; a micro-actuator made of shape memory polymer strips and electric heating wires embedded in the strips; a sensor network using a fiber Bragg grating sensor array to monitor the strain of the flexible skin in real time.

[0011] In some examples, the magnetostrictive variable pitch system adopts an alloy rod as an actuator, the surface of which is plated with nickel-phosphorus alloy to prevent oxidation, and the two ends of the alloy rod are connected to the variable pitch arm through threads.

[0012] In some examples, in the low wind speed starting mode, when the wind speed reaches the cut-in wind speed, the pitch angle is adjusted to -5°, and the vortex generator is started to vibrate at a frequency of 150 Hz to generate periodic vortexes on the blade surface.

[0013] In some examples, in the rated wind speed optimization mode, a double-layer control strategy is adopted, and when the wind speed stabilizes at the third predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle is increased through iterative optimization.

[0014] In some examples, in the high wind speed / turbulence protection mode, the pitch angle is first quickly adjusted to 15°, and the blade root damper is activated, when the vibration sensor detects that the 3P frequency vibration energy exceeds the threshold, a high frequency buffeting signal is output, the aerodynamic resonance is destroyed by active disturbance, and if the turbulence intensity continues to exceed the threshold for a certain time, the extreme working condition protection is entered.

[0015] In a second aspect, a generator control system based on bionic vortex regulation and magnetostrictive pitch control is provided, the generator is a wind turbine, the wind turbine is provided with a variable geometry vortex generator and a magnetostrictive pitch control system, a bionic adaptive deformation structure is arranged on the surface of the blade of the wind turbine, and the control system comprises: An acquisition module is configured to obtain a wind speed and a pressure distribution on the surface of the blade. A control module is configured to regulate the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, the height of the wing of the variable geometry vortex generator is increased, when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, the height of the wing is reduced, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed, and when the pressure distribution on the surface of the blade is abnormal, a deformation area is located, the bionic adaptive deformation structure is controlled to adaptively deform in the deformation area to guide airflow adhesion, and the magnetostrictive pitch control system is controlled to drive the blade to change the angle and the length according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the surface of the blade.

[0016] In a third aspect, a wind turbine is provided, comprising a generator control system based on bionic vortex regulation and magnetostrictive pitch control according to the second aspect described above.

[0017] By adopting the embodiments of the present application, breakthrough progress is achieved in multiple dimensions such as efficiency, reliability, environmental adaptability and economy through the deep integration of bionics design, intelligent material application and multi-physical field collaborative control, a new solution is provided for the commercial application of wind power generation technology, and the environmental adaptability, reliability and working efficiency of the wind turbine can be effectively improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 A flowchart of a generator control method based on bionic vortex regulation and magnetostrictive pitch control provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided; Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a generator control system based on bionic vortex regulation and magnetostrictive pitch control provided by the embodiments of the present application is provided; Figure 3A structural block diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only intended to explain the present application and not to limit the present application. In addition, it should be noted that only parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings for ease of description.

[0020] It should be noted that the features of the embodiments in the present application, i.e., the features of the embodiments, can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] The generator control method and system based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magnetostrictive variable pitch according to an embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0022] Wherein the generator is a wind turbine, the wind turbine is provided with a variable geometry vortex generator and a magnetostrictive variable pitch system, a bionic self-adaptive deformation structure is provided on the surface of the blade of the wind turbine, and the wind turbine is, for example, a vertical axis wind turbine. Of course, in the embodiments of the present application, the generator is also referred to as a power generation system.

[0023] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the generator control method based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magnetostrictive variable pitch according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 The generator control method based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magnetostrictive variable pitch according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps: S101: obtaining a wind speed and regulating the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, the height of the wing piece of the variable geometry vortex generator is increased, and when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, the height of the wing piece is reduced, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed; S102: obtaining the pressure distribution of the blade surface, and when the pressure distribution of the blade surface is abnormal, positioning the deformation area and controlling the bionic self-adaptive deformation structure to adaptively deform in the deformation area to guide the airflow to adhere; S103: controlling the magnetostrictive variable pitch system to drive the blade to change the angle and length according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution of the blade surface.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, the variable geometry vortex generator adopts a micro-wing piece array driven by a shape memory alloy wire and a piezoelectric ceramic, wherein each wing piece includes: a base layer, the base layer is a flexible polyimide film. Used for insulation and support; a driving layer, which is an SMA wire helical winding or a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, independently controlled by embedded circuit; a vortex generator layer, which is a micro-asymmetric airfoil, with a ceramic coating sprayed on the surface.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, further comprising: obtaining jet intensity according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution of the blade surface; fine-tuning the jet intensity to eliminate steady-state error; and controlling the jet according to the fine-tuned jet intensity.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the bionic self-adaptive deformation structure comprises: a flexible skin made of silicone rubber-carbon fiber composite material to simulate the flexible connection structure of bird feathers; a micro-actuator made of shape memory polymer strips and electric heating wires embedded in the interior of the strips; and a sensor network using an optical fiber grating sensor array to monitor the strain of the flexible skin in real time.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, the magnetostrictive variable pitch system uses an alloy rod as an actuator, the magnetostrictive coefficient of the actuator is 1500ppm, the energy density is 12 kilojoules per cubic meter, the surface of the alloy rod is plated with nickel-phosphorus alloy to prevent oxidation, and the two ends of the alloy rod are connected to the variable pitch arm through threads.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, in the low wind speed starting mode, when the wind speed reaches the cut-in wind speed, the pitch angle is adjusted to -5°, and the vortex generator is started to vibrate at a frequency of 150Hz to generate periodic vortex on the surface of the blade.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, in the rated wind speed optimization mode, a double-layer control strategy is adopted, and when the wind speed is stable at the third predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle is increased through iterative optimization.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, in the high wind speed / turbulence protection mode, the pitch angle is first quickly adjusted to 15°, and the blade root damper is activated at the same time, when the vibration sensor detects that the 3P frequency vibration energy exceeds the threshold value, a high-frequency buffeting signal is output, the aerodynamic resonance is destroyed by active disturbance, and if the turbulence intensity continues to exceed the standard for a certain period of time, the extreme working condition protection is entered.

[0031] Specifically, the variable geometry vortex generator (VG-VGs) realizes the principle: a micro-wing array driven by shape memory alloy (SMA) wire and piezoelectric ceramic is excited by electric heating or electric field to realize millimeter-level deformation. Each wing is composed of three layers: a base layer: flexible polyimide film (thickness 0.1mm) for insulation and support; Driving layer: SMA wire helically wound (diameter 0.05 mm) or piezoelectric ceramic sheet (size 2 x 2 x 0.5 cubic millimeter), independently controlled by embedded circuit; Vortex generation layer: micro-asymmetric airfoil (NACA 0012 modified, chord length 5 mm), surface sprayed with wear-resistant ceramic coating.

[0032] Dynamic adjustment process: low wind speed condition (<5 m / s): the control system triggers the SMA heating circuit through the wind speed sensor (current 500 mA, duration 2 s); the SMA wire contracts and pulls the root of the wing, making the wing height linearly increase from 0.5 mm to 2 mm (adjustment time <3 s); the increased wing induces a horseshoe vortex on the blade surface, enhancing the boundary layer energy and suppressing flow separation.

[0033] High wind speed condition (>15 m / s): piezoelectric ceramic sheet applies a reverse electric field (voltage 100 V, frequency 1 kHz); the inverse piezoelectric effect makes the wing height quickly decrease from 2 mm to 0.3 mm (response time <0.1 s); the reduced wing height reduces vortex energy dissipation, avoiding excessive turbulence leading to a surge in resistance.

[0034] Complementary driving of SMA and piezoelectric ceramic (SMA is responsible for large stroke and low frequency adjustment, piezoelectric ceramic is responsible for micro-displacement and high frequency correction); the wing array adopts a Fibonacci spiral layout, covering 30% of the chord length area of the blade leading edge, optimizing vortex generation uniformity.

[0035] Active jet-vortex composite regulation, which consists of: Micro-pore array: laser drilling (diameter 0.2 mm, hole spacing 5 mm, inclination angle 15°) at 5% of the chord length of the blade leading edge; Air pump module: integrated micro-vortex compressor (size Φ30 x 50 mm, mass 120 g) and gas tank (volume 10 ml, pressure 0.3 MPa); Control unit: embedded controller based on ARM Cortex-M7, running PID-fuzzy hybrid algorithm.

[0036] Jet flow regulation process: Real-time flow field data are obtained by a blade surface pressure sensor (range ±5 kPa, resolution 0.1 Pa) and a hot-wire anemometer (sampling frequency 1 kHz); fuzzy inference layer, input: wind speed (normalized to 0-1), angle of attack (error ±2°), pressure gradient (Δp / Δx); output: jet intensity (duty cycle 0%-100%), jet frequency (0-100 Hz); rule base example: IF wind speed > 12 m / s AND angle of attack > 15° THEN jet intensity = 80% AND frequency = 50 Hz. PID correction layer, fine-tune the fuzzy output to eliminate steady-state error (proportional coefficient Kp = 0.8, integral time Ti = 0.5 s, derivative time Td = 0.1 s); actuator, a high-speed electromagnetic valve (response time 1 ms) adjusts the jet pulse width according to the control signal, with a single jet duration of 0.1-10 ms adjustable.

[0037] Energy efficiency optimization: The air pump adopts an intermittent working mode (duty cycle <30%), with an average power consumption of only 15 W (0.3% of the rated power generation); the jet energy injection position is optimized by CFD to ensure that the transition is triggered at a distance of 5 mm before the separation point, reducing the turbulent flow generation loss.

[0038] Bionic self-adaptive deformation structure, its bionic design includes: Flexible skin: Silicon rubber-carbon fiber composite material (thickness 0.8 mm, elastic modulus 10 MPa) is used to simulate the flexible connection structure of bird feathers; Micro actuator: Shape memory polymer (SMP) strip (size 10×2×0.3 cubic millimeter), glass transition temperature Tg = 40°C; an electric heating wire (nickel-chromium alloy, diameter 0.02 mm) is embedded in the SMP, which generates Joule heat (power 2 W / square centimeter) after being electrified; Sensor network: Fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) array (spacing 10 mm) real-time monitors skin strain (resolution 1 με).

[0039] Deformation regulation process: Flow field perception, FBG sensors detect abnormal blade surface pressure distribution (such as local adverse pressure gradient > 50 Pa / m); actuator activation, the control system locates the deformation area and applies a pulse current (voltage 12 V, duration 0.5 s) to the corresponding SMP strip; shape memory effect, after the SMP softens, the skin naturally bends under the action of aerodynamic force, with a curvature radius reduced from 500 mm to 200 mm; flow field optimization, the deformed skin guides the airflow to reattach, reducing the separation area by 40%.

[0040] Dynamic response characteristics: single deformation cycle <2s (heating 0.5s + cooling 1.5s); deformation life >10^6 times (verified by accelerated fatigue test); skin surface sprayed with super-hydrophobic coating (contact angle >150°), reducing the impact of rain erosion.

[0041] Magnetostrictive variable pitch system, the magnetostrictive variable pitch actuator uses a Terfenol-D (Tb- Dy-Fe) alloy rod with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 200 mm as the core actuator. Its magnetostrictive coefficient λ = 1500 ppm (when the saturation magnetic field is 200 mT), and the energy density reaches 12 kilojoules per cubic meter, which is more than 10 times that of traditional piezoelectric ceramics. The alloy rod surface is plated with nickel-phosphorus alloy (thickness 5 μm) to prevent oxidation, and the two ends are connected to the variable pitch arm through threads.

[0042] Magnetic field generation and control: excitation coil, double-layer solenoid structure (inner diameter 22 mm, outer diameter 40 mm, height 210 mm), 0.5 mm enameled copper wire is wound for 2000 turns, maximum excitation current 5A (corresponding to magnetic field strength 250mT); drive circuit: input stage, DSP generates PWM control signal (frequency 10 kHz, resolution 16 bits); power stage, H-bridge topology, IGBT module (model FF600R12ME3) is used to realize bidirectional current control; feedback loop, Hall sensor (accuracy ±1mT) monitors the magnetic field strength in real time, forming a closed-loop control (bandwidth 5 kHz).

[0043] Stretching amount calibration and compensation: a three-parameter lookup table model of magnetic field strength-stretching amount-temperature is established (data points are spaced 5mT / 0.5℃), and dynamic compensation is realized through two-dimensional linear interpolation; within the range of -30℃~60℃, the repeatability error of stretching amount is <0.5μm (verified by laser interferometer measurement).

[0044] Variable pitch angle realization: mechanical conversion mechanism: the stretching of the alloy rod is amplified to the blade rotation angle through a lever mechanism (lever ratio 1:15), and the theoretical conversion relationship is:

[0045] Where ΔL is the stretching amount of the alloy rod, =200mm is the initial length.

[0046] Angle feedback: a 20-bit absolute magnetic encoder (resolution 0.001 degrees) is installed on the rotating shaft at the root of the blade to correct the mechanical transmission error in real time.

[0047] Mechanical transmission-free variable pitch structure, its direct drive topology: Each blade is equipped with an independent actuator, and the alloy rod and the blade root are connected through a flexible coupling (material 65Mn spring steel, stiffness 500N / mm), which eliminates the backlash problem of traditional gearboxes. Dual-redundant field coil design, master-slave coil switching time <1ms, to ensure that the system can still maintain basic functions when a single coil fails.

[0048] Actuator housing: aluminum alloy 7075-T6 machined parts, surface anodizing treatment (thickness 20μm); sealing structure: using double O-ring dynamic sealing (fluorine rubber, hardness 70 Shore A), combined with labyrinth air seal, protection level up to IP67; driver integrated in the hub, using liquid cooling (ethylene glycol solution, flow rate 2L / min); electromagnetic shielding: actuator housing through copper foil grounding (grounding resistance <0.1Ω), to suppress the harmonic interference of frequency converter; vibration isolation: installing rubber shock absorber (damping ratio 0.2) between alloy rod and rack, to reduce blade vibration transmission (attenuation rate >20dB@100Hz).

[0049] Specific verification as follows: complete 10 to the power of 7 fatigue test (0 degrees ~ 30 degrees reciprocating motion, frequency 1Hz), no material fatigue cracks appeared; through the lightning impulse test in IEC 61400-1 standard (8 / 20μs waveform, 20kA peak current).

[0050] Wide temperature range stable control, its temperature influence mechanism: Terfenol-D magnetostrictive coefficient λ decreases nonlinearly with temperature rise ( =1500ppm@25℃, =1650ppm@-30℃, =1200ppm@60℃), which needs to be compensated by active temperature control.

[0051] Temperature compensation algorithm: establish magnetostrictive coefficient-temperature dynamic model: λ(T) = × [1 - α(T-25) + β(T-25)2] Where, α=0.002 / ℃, , obtained by experimental fitting.

[0052] According to the real-time temperature Tmeas to correct the magnetic field control quantity: Bcorr = Bcmd × [ / λ(Tmeas)]; In the DSP, realize look-up table + linear interpolation, single calculation time <50μs.

[0053] Low temperature start-up: In an environment of -30 degrees Celsius, the Peltier system needs 10 minutes to raise the temperature of the alloy rod to above 0 degrees Celsius; High temperature continuous operation: In an environment of 60 degrees Celsius, after continuous work for 72 hours, the pitch angle error is less than 0.05 degrees; Thermal shock test: rapid switching between -30 degrees Celsius and 60 degrees Celsius (rate 10 degrees Celsius / min), the system has no functional failure.

[0054] It has the following advantages: microsecond-level magnetic field response + millimeter-level mechanical motion, realizing fast tracking of pitch angle when wind speed suddenly changes (compared with traditional hydraulic system, the response time is shortened by 80%); contactless magnetic drive eliminates mechanical wear, and the MTBF (mean time between failures) is improved to more than 100,000 hours; through active temperature control, the fluctuation range of the magnetostrictive coefficient is compressed from ±25% to ±3%, ensuring the control accuracy in the whole temperature range.

[0055] Multi-physical field cooperative control system, in which an intelligent sensing network is constructed and signal fusion is performed: The wind speed sensor array is designed by combining ultrasonic time difference method and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). Three groups of non-collinear ultrasonic sensors are arranged on the windward surface of the blade (hub center, 1 / 3 of the blade tip, and blade tip). The working frequency is 40 kHz. The wind speed component is calculated by measuring the propagation time difference of sound waves in the wind direction and the adverse wind direction (accuracy ±0.1 m / s). Two fiber-coupled laser anemometers are integrated, which monitor the three-dimensional wind vector at 10 m and 20 m in front of the impeller (resolution 0.01 m / s). The laser wavelength is 1550 nm. The wind speed is calculated by Doppler frequency shift, and the sampling frequency is 1 kHz. The data of the two sensors are fused by Kalman filter to eliminate the measurement error caused by the difference in turbulence scale, and finally the three-dimensional wind field reconstruction data with an update rate of 10 Hz are output.

[0056] The blade load monitoring system is based on a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing network, which is arranged in layers in the main beam and skin of the blade. There are 12 sensing points (4 cross sections per blade, and 3 directions per cross section). The FBG sensor uses germanium-doped quartz optical fiber, the grating length is 10 mm, the reflection wavelength is 1530-1560 nm, and multi-point measurement of a single optical fiber is realized by wavelength division multiplexing technology. When the blade bears aerodynamic load, the strain of the optical fiber causes the Bragg wavelength to shift, which is converted into strain data (accuracy ±1με) by a demodulator (resolution 1 pm). Combined with the finite element model of the blade, the bending moment (error <3%) and torque (error <5%) are obtained. The system particularly adds three groups of high-sensitivity FBG sensors (range ±5000με) at the blade root connection part to monitor the fatigue damage accumulation under extreme working conditions.

[0057] The vibration monitoring unit adopts a three-axis MEMS accelerometer (ADXL355) installed at the center of the hub, the variable pitch bearing, and the generator stator, with a range of ±10g and a noise density of 25μg / √Hz. The vibration frequency spectrum is analyzed in real time through fast Fourier transform (FFT), focusing on monitoring characteristic frequency bands such as 1P (rotational frequency), 3P (blade passing frequency), and 6P (gear meshing frequency). When a sudden increase in high-frequency vibration energy above 10Hz is detected (threshold set at 3 times the baseline value), the active adjustment mechanism of the blade surface vortex generator is triggered.

[0058] The magnetic field monitoring module is designed for magnetostrictive variable pitch actuators. Three Hall effect sensors (AH49E) are arranged in a 120° ring around the Terfenol-D alloy rod to monitor the magnetic field strength (range ±300mT, resolution 0.1mT) and spatial distribution uniformity. By comparing the measurement differences of the three sensors (threshold <5mT), the magnetization uniformity of the alloy rod is diagnosed in real time, and when the deviation exceeds the threshold, the magnetic field recalibration program is started: adjust the phase difference of the excitation current of the double-layer solenoid (initially set to 0°), and eliminate local magnetic saturation through orthogonal magnetic field compensation.

[0059] Real-time optimization strategy: The low wind speed start-up mode (v∈[3,5]m / s) starts the blade surface vortex generator, which consists of 8 piezoelectric ceramic driven micro-vortex plates (size 50×20mm), and controls the vibration frequency (0-200Hz) and amplitude (0-10mm) of the vortex plates through PWM signals. When the wind speed sensor detects the cut-in wind speed, the system first adjusts the pitch angle to -5 degrees (relative to the zero lift position), and simultaneously starts the vortex generator to vibrate at a frequency of 150Hz, generating periodic vortexes on the blade surface. CFD simulation shows that this strategy can increase the local Reynolds number of the blade by 40%, move the separation point back by 15% of the chord length, and increase the starting torque by 22%. When the generator speed reaches 800rpm, gradually reduce the vortex intensity to zero, and adjust the pitch angle to 0 degrees to enter the normal power generation state.

[0060] The rated wind speed optimization mode (v∈[8,12]m / s) adopts a double-layer control strategy: the outer MPC controller calculates the optimal pitch angle reference value θref every 1s, and the inner RL controller fine-tunes Δθ at a frequency of 100Hz. When the wind speed stabilizes at 10m / s, the system gradually adjusts the pitch angle from 0 degrees to 8 degrees through iterative optimization, and monitors the power generation power P and blade load F in real time during this process. If P drops by more than 2% or F exceeds 85% of the design value, immediately trigger the protective feathering (rate 5 degrees / s), and record the current wind speed-pitch angle relationship for model updating. Actual tests show that this mode can increase the annual average power generation efficiency by 3.1%, especially in the shear wind field (vertical gradient of wind speed )

[0061] High wind speed / turbulence protection mode (v>12m / s or turbulence intensity>15%) activates multi-level load mitigation mechanisms: first, the pitch angle is quickly adjusted to 15 degrees (rate 8 degrees / s) by the MPC controller, while activating the blade root damper (silicone oil viscous damping, damping coefficient C=5000N·s / m). When the vibration sensor detects that the 3P frequency vibration energy exceeds the threshold, the RL controller outputs a high-frequency buffeting signal (Δθ∈[-1 degree, 1 degree], frequency 5Hz), which destroys the aerodynamic resonance by active disturbance. If the turbulence intensity continues to exceed 20% for 30s, the system enters the extreme working condition protection: the pitch mechanism adjusts the pitch angle to 90 degrees of the feathering position at the maximum rate (12 degrees / s), and triggers the mechanical braking system (hydraulic disc brake, brake torque 120kN·m). In the IEC Class III B turbulence wind field test, this mode successfully extends the blade fatigue life from 20 years to 25 years.

[0062] The embodiments of the present application can significantly improve the efficiency of wind energy utilization. Through the bionic vortex dynamic regulation technology, the system can automatically optimize the airflow distribution on the blade surface according to the real-time wind conditions. In low wind speed conditions, the vortex intensity is enhanced to improve the starting performance, and in high wind speed conditions, the flow separation is intelligently suppressed, so that the wind turbine can maintain the best aerodynamic efficiency in the entire working wind speed range. Compared with the traditional fixed geometry vortex control method, the present scheme makes the wind turbine always operate in the optimal angle of attack interval, greatly improving the energy capture capacity. The millisecond-level dynamic response is realized. The magnetostrictive variable pitch technology completely eliminates the inertia hysteresis of the mechanical transmission system. Through the direct driving of intelligent materials, the response speed of the variable pitch action is improved by orders of magnitude, and the pitch angle can be adjusted instantaneously following the change of wind speed. This ultra-fast response characteristic effectively suppresses the instantaneous load fluctuation caused by gust impact, significantly improving the running stability of the system in turbulent wind conditions. Enhance the environmental adaptability, the integrated multi-physical field cooperative control algorithm can comprehensively process wind speed, structural vibration, blade strain and other multi-dimensional information. Through advanced model predictive control, the cooperative working mode of the vortex generator and the variable pitch mechanism is intelligently adjusted, so that the wind turbine can still maintain high-efficiency and stable operation in harsh environments such as extreme temperature and complex terrain, greatly expanding the applicable geographical range. Greatly reduce the maintenance requirements, the all-solid-state actuator design discards the easily damaged components such as gearboxes and hydraulic devices in traditional systems. Magnetostrictive driving and shape memory alloy adjustment both have non-contact and non-wear working characteristics, which fundamentally solve the problems of lubrication failure and seal aging commonly found in mechanical transmission systems, significantly prolong the maintenance period of the equipment, and greatly reduce the whole life cycle maintenance cost. Improve environmental performance, intelligent vortex control effectively suppresses the flow separation phenomenon on the blade surface, not only improves the aerodynamic efficiency, but also significantly reduces the operating noise. At the same time, precise variable pitch control reduces unnecessary mechanical braking and avoids the wear and pollution caused by traditional braking systems. These characteristics make the system particularly suitable for deployment in environmentally sensitive areas such as urban suburbs and ecological protection areas. Improve system reliability, the distributed intelligent control architecture ensures that each blade has independent environmental sensing and adjustment capability. When a single sensor or actuator fails, the system can maintain basic operation through data fusion algorithms and redundant control strategies, greatly improving overall reliability. This fault-tolerant design is particularly suitable for remote areas or offshore applications where maintenance is difficult. Optimize economic performance, although advanced intelligent materials and control systems are used, the use of expensive mechanical transmission components is eliminated, and the service life of key components is significantly prolonged, so the overall manufacturing cost is effectively controlled. In addition to the advantages of improved power generation efficiency and reduced maintenance cost, the investment return period of the project is significantly shortened, and the economic performance of the whole life cycle is significantly better than that of the traditional scheme.

[0063] According to the generator control method based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch according to the embodiment of the present application, through the deep integration of bionics design, intelligent material application and multi-physical field collaborative control, breakthrough progress is achieved in multiple dimensions such as efficiency, reliability, environmental adaptability and economy, and a new solution is provided for the commercial application of wind power generation technology.

[0064] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of the generator control system based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 , the generator control system based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch according to an embodiment of the present application comprises an acquisition module 210 and a control module 220, wherein: The acquisition module 210 is configured to obtain a wind speed and a pressure distribution on a blade surface. The control module 220 is configured to regulate the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, the height of the airfoil of the variable geometry vortex generator is increased, when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, the height of the airfoil is decreased, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed, and when the pressure distribution on the blade surface is abnormal, a deformation region is located, and the bionic self-adaptive deformation structure is controlled to perform self-adaptive deformation in the deformation region to guide the airflow to adhere, and the magnetostrictive variable pitch system is controlled to drive the blade to change the angle and length according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the blade surface.

[0065] The generator control system based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch according to the embodiment of the present application, through the deep integration of bionics design, intelligent material application and multi-physical field collaborative control, breakthrough progress is achieved in multiple dimensions such as efficiency, reliability, environmental adaptability and economy, and a new solution is provided for the commercial application of wind power generation technology.

[0066] For specific limitations of the generator control system based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch, refer to the limitations of the generator control method based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch in the above, which will not be repeated here. The various modules of the above generator control system based on bionic vortex flow regulation and magneto-induced variable pitch can be realized by software, hardware and their combinations in whole or in part. The above various modules can be embedded in or independent of the processor in the computer device in hardware form, or stored in the memory of the computer device in software form, so as to be called and executed by the processor to perform the operations corresponding to the above various modules.

[0067] Reference will be made to Figure 3 , Figure 3 Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a computer device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, computer system 1000 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 1001, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to programs stored in read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or programs loaded from storage 1008 into random access memory (RAM) 1003. RAM 1003 also stores various programs and data required for the system's operating instructions. CPU 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1003 are connected to each other via bus 1004. An input / output (I / O) interface 1005 is also connected to bus 1004.

[0069] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 1005: an input section 1006 including a keyboard, mouse, and the like; an output section 1007 including devices such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), and speakers; a storage section 1008 including devices such as a hard disk; and a communication section 1009 including a network interface card such as a LAN card or a modem. The communication section 1009 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 1010 is also connected to the I / O interface 1005 as needed. Removable media 1011, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory, is installed in the drive 1010 as needed, so that computer programs read therefrom can be installed in the storage section 1008 as needed.

[0070] In particular, according to the embodiment of the present application, the above reference flow chart Figure 1 The described process can be implemented as a computer-readable storage medium. For example, an embodiment of the present application includes a computer-readable storage medium including a computer program, the computer program including program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart, for example, executing: obtaining a wind speed, and regulating the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, the vane height of the variable geometry vortex generator is increased, and when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, the vane height is decreased, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed; obtaining a pressure distribution on the surface of the blade, and when the pressure distribution on the surface of the blade is abnormal, locating a deformation area, and controlling the bionic adaptive deformation structure to adaptively deform in the deformation area to guide airflow attachment; According to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the blade surface, the magnetostrictive pitch system is controlled to drive the blade to change the angle and length.

[0071] In particular, according to the embodiment of the present application, the above reference flow chart Figure 1The described processes can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, an embodiment of the present application includes a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for executing the methods shown in the flowcharts, for example, for performing: obtaining a wind speed, and regulating the variable geometry vortex generator in accordance with the wind speed, wherein, when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, increasing the height of the airfoil of the variable geometry vortex generator, and when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, decreasing the height of the airfoil, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed; obtaining the pressure distribution of the blade surface, and when the pressure distribution of the blade surface is abnormal, locating a deformation region, and controlling the bionic self-adaptive deformation structure to perform self-adaptive deformation in the deformation region to guide airflow adhesion; controlling the magnetostrictive variable pitch system to drive the blade to change the angle and length in accordance with the wind speed and the pressure distribution of the blade surface.

[0072] In such an embodiment, the computer program comprises program code for executing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network by the communication section 1009, and / or installed from the detachable medium 1011. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU) 1001, the above-described functions defined in the system of the present application are executed.

[0073] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the two. The computer-readable storage medium may, for example, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or component, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or component. In this application, the computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal carried in a baseband or as a carrier wave part of a carrier wave, which carries computer-readable program code. Such a propagated data signal can take many forms, including but not limited to an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination of the above. The computer-readable signal medium can also be any computer-readable medium that can send, propagate or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device or component. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wire, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0074] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the drawings illustrate the possible implementation architectures, functions and operation instructions of the systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment or a part of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can also occur in different order from that noted in the drawings. For example, two connected blocks can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and sometimes in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for executing the specified functions or operation instructions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0075] The units or modules described in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in the form of software or in the form of hardware. The described units or modules can also be arranged in a processor. In some cases, the names of the units or modules do not constitute a limitation on the units or modules themselves.

[0076] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any manner. In order to make the description simple, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, however, as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.

[0077] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the patent protection scope of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic variable pitch, characterized in that: The generator is a wind turbine, which is provided with a variable geometry vortex generator and a magnetostrictive pitch system, and a bionic adaptive deformation structure is provided on the blade surface of the wind turbine. The control method includes: Obtaining a wind speed, and regulating the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, increasing a vane height of the variable geometry vortex generator, and when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, decreasing the vane height, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed; obtaining a pressure distribution on the surface of the blade, and when the pressure distribution on the surface of the blade is abnormal, locating a deformation area, and controlling the bionic adaptive deformation structure to adaptively deform in the deformation area to guide airflow attachment; According to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the blade surface, the magnetostrictive pitch system is controlled to drive the blade to change the angle and length.

2. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The variable geometry vortex generator uses a micro-winglet array driven by a composite of shape memory alloy wire and piezoelectric ceramics, wherein each winglet comprises: A base layer, which is a flexible polyimide film and is used for insulation and support; The driving layer is a spirally wound SMA wire or a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and is independently controlled by an embedded circuit; The vortex generating layer is a micro asymmetric airfoil with a ceramic coating sprayed on the surface.

3. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Obtaining jet intensity according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the blade surface; Fine-tuning the jet intensity to eliminate steady-state errors; The jet is regulated according to the finely adjusted jet intensity.

4. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bionic adaptive deformation structure comprises: A flexible skin made of a silicone rubber-carbon fiber composite material to simulate the flexible connection structure of bird feathers; A micro-actuator, wherein the micro-actuator comprises a shape memory polymer strip and a heating wire, wherein the heating wire is embedded in the strip; The sensor network uses a fiber grating sensor array to monitor the strain of the flexible skin in real time.

5. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetostrictive pitch system uses an alloy rod as an actuator. The surface of the alloy rod is plated with nickel-phosphorus alloy to prevent oxidation. Both ends of the alloy rod are connected to the pitch arm through threads.

6. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In low wind speed start-up mode, when the wind speed reaches the cut-in wind speed, the pitch angle is adjusted to -5°, and the vortex generator is started to vibrate at a frequency of 150 Hz to generate periodic vortices on the blade surface.

7. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the rated wind speed optimization mode, a double-layer control strategy is adopted. When the wind speed is stable at the third predetermined wind speed, the pitch angle is increased through iterative optimization.

8. The generator control method based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic pitch control according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In high wind speed / turbulence protection mode, the pitch angle is first quickly adjusted to 15°, and the blade root damper is activated at the same time. When the vibration sensor detects that the 3P frequency vibration energy exceeds the threshold, a high-frequency dithering signal is output to destroy the aerodynamic resonance through active disturbance. If the turbulence intensity continues to exceed the standard for a certain period of time, extreme operating condition protection is entered.

9. A generator control system based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic variable pitch, characterized in that: The generator is a wind turbine, which is provided with a variable geometry vortex generator and a magnetostrictive pitch system, and a bionic adaptive deformation structure is provided on the blade surface of the wind turbine. The control system includes: An acquisition module, used to obtain wind speed and pressure distribution on the blade surface; A control module is used to regulate the variable geometry vortex generator according to the wind speed, wherein when the wind speed is less than a first predetermined wind speed, the vane height of the variable geometry vortex generator is increased, and when the wind speed is greater than a second predetermined wind speed, the vane height is reduced, wherein the first predetermined wind speed is less than the second predetermined wind speed, and when the pressure distribution on the blade surface is abnormal, the deformation area is located, and the bionic adaptive deformation structure is controlled to adaptively deform in the deformation area to guide the airflow attachment, and according to the wind speed and the pressure distribution on the blade surface, the magnetostrictive pitch system is controlled to drive the blade to change the angle and length.

10. A wind turbine, characterized in that: include: The generator control system based on bionic eddy current regulation and magnetic variable pitch according to claim 9.

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