System, method, device and equipment for measuring pneumatic and wake characteristics of wind turbine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronics, and discloses a pneumatic and wake flow characteristic measurement system, method, device and equipment of a wind turbine, the system collects pneumatic data of the wind turbine through a pneumatic measurement module, and the system collects voltage data of a direct current generator and current data in a circuit through a power measurement module; the particle image velocity measurement module collects a flow field image of the wind turbine in a wake flow area. The data acquisition and analysis module serves as a data center, is connected with the pneumatic measurement module, the power measurement module and the particle image velocity measurement module, supports multi-channel synchronous triggering, and can receive pneumatic data from the pneumatic measurement module and voltage data and current data from the power measurement module at the same time. And a flow field image of the particle image velocity measurement module. Therefore, the consistency of different types of data in acquisition time is ensured, a basis is provided for subsequent synchronous analysis, and simultaneous and synchronous testing of pneumatic and wake flow parameters of the wind turbine is realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electronic technology, in particular to a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system, method, device and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of large-scale wind turbine, double wind wheel turbine design is the current focus of wind turbine research, the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of double wind wheel turbine directly affect the development and design of the whole machine, therefore, clearly understanding the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of double wind wheel turbine is the most important in the design of the whole machine.

[0003] In the related art, the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of the whole machine are determined by the contact measurement method alone, and the contact measurement method is used alone to realize the measurement of the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of the whole machine through strain gauges and sensors. However, this measurement method is prone to cause errors in data due to sensor failure, and the measurement by contact will cause errors in measurement data due to human operation errors, and the measurement data is inconsistent due to the different operations of the test personnel in the measurement process. In addition, the contact measurement method cannot measure the aerodynamic characteristics and the wake characteristics synchronously. The aerodynamic characteristics and the wake characteristics are essentially a dynamic coupling transient process, the change of the aerodynamic state of the wind turbine will change the wake structure in real time, and the backflow, vortex and other characteristics of the wake will in turn affect the aerodynamic environment of the upstream or downstream wind turbine. If the measurement is separated, there will be a time difference between the aerodynamic data and the wake data, which will cause the dynamic correlation of the two to be broken. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system, method, device and equipment to solve the problem of asynchronous aerodynamic characteristics and wake characteristics caused by the contact measurement method in the related art.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system, which comprises: a backflow wind tunnel and a wind turbine model, an aerodynamic measurement module, a power measurement module, a particle image velocimetry module and a data acquisition and analysis module; the aerodynamic measurement module is connected with the test section of the backflow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model, and is used to acquire the aerodynamic data of the wind turbine; the power measurement module is connected with the direct current generator of the backflow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model, and is used to acquire the voltage data of the direct current generator and the current data in the circuit; the particle image velocimetry module is connected with the test section of the backflow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model, and is used to acquire the flow field image of the wind turbine in the wake area; the data acquisition and analysis module is connected with the aerodynamic measurement module, the power measurement module and the particle image velocimetry module respectively, and is used to determine the aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target time according to the aerodynamic data, the voltage data and the current data at the target time, and determine the wake characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target time according to the flow field image at the target time.

[0006] The aerodynamic and wake characteristics measuring system of the wind turbine provided by the application collects the aerodynamic data of the wind turbine through the aerodynamic measuring module, collects the voltage data of the direct-current generator and the current data in the circuit through the power measuring module, and collects the flow field image of the wind turbine in the wake area through the particle image velocimetry module. The data acquisition and analysis module is connected with the aerodynamic measuring module, the power measuring module and the particle image velocimetry module as the data hub, supports multi-channel synchronous triggering, can simultaneously receive the aerodynamic data from the aerodynamic measuring module, the voltage data and the current data from the power measuring module, and the flow field image from the particle image velocimetry module. This ensures the consistency of different types of data in the collection time, provides a basis for subsequent synchronous analysis, and realizes the simultaneous and synchronous testing of the aerodynamic and wake parameters of the wind turbine.

[0007] In an alternative embodiment, the aerodynamic measuring module comprises a six-dimensional mechanical sensor, the first end of the six-dimensional mechanical sensor is fixed on the test section through a screw, and the second end is connected with the tower of the return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, the power measuring module comprises a voltage sensor and a current sensor, the voltage sensor is connected in parallel across the direct-current generator, and the current sensor is connected in series with the output current bus of the direct-current generator.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the particle image velocimetry module comprises a speed measuring unit and a phase signal control unit, the speed measuring unit comprises a first image intensifier camera and a second image intensifier camera, the phase signal control unit comprises a laser, a first digital delay generator, a second digital delay generator and a digital tachometer; the digital tachometer is used to collect the phase angle information of the blade, and sends a first trigger instruction to the second digital delay generator when the blade is in a preset phase angle state, so that the second digital delay generator controls the laser to emit a laser beam and controls the first image intensifier camera and the second image intensifier camera to collect the flow field image of the wind turbine in the wake area; the first digital delay generator is used to control the time interval of data collection between the first image intensifier camera and the second image intensifier camera and the time delay between the laser emitting the laser beam and the image intensifier camera data collection based on preset parameters.

[0010] The method provided by the optional embodiment is used for controlling the time interval of the two cameras and the time delay of the cameras and the laser. By accurately setting the parameters of the delay generator, it is ensured that the two high-speed cameras can collect continuous image pairs in a suitable time interval at the moment when the laser emits a pulsed laser beam to excite the small oil droplets to emit light, thereby ensuring the synchronization of image collection and laser excitation in the measurement. The second digital delay generator cooperates with the digital tachometer to realize phase-locked measurement. The digital tachometer monitors the wind turbine blade speed in real time and outputs the blade phase signal. When the blade rotates to a preset specific phase angle, the second digital delay generator accurately triggers the laser and the camera to work, so that corresponding flow field images can be collected at each specific blade phase position.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the recirculating wind tunnel and the wind turbine model include a double-rotor wind turbine model and a recirculating wind tunnel model; the recirculating wind tunnel model includes a power section, a diffusion section, an equal-straight section, a stabilization section, a contraction section, and a test section.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine, which is applied to the wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristics measurement system of the first aspect or any of the possible embodiments thereof. The method comprises: obtaining aerodynamic data, voltage data, current data and flow field images of a wake region of the wind turbine at a target time, wherein the aerodynamic data comprises thrust data and bending moment data; determining aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target time based on the aerodynamic data, the voltage data and the current data, wherein the aerodynamic characteristic parameters comprise a thrust coefficient, a bending moment coefficient and a wind turbine efficiency, the thrust coefficient is determined according to the thrust data, the bending moment coefficient is determined according to the bending moment data, and the wind turbine efficiency is determined according to the voltage data and the current data; performing wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis on the flow field images of the wake region to obtain vortex structures at different scales; performing dilution reconstruction on the vortex structures at different scales to obtain a target vortex structure, and extracting a wake characteristic parameter from the target vortex structure.

[0013] The method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine provided by the present application takes the data acquisition and analysis module in the wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristics measurement system as a data hub, is connected with an aerodynamic measurement module, a power measurement module and a particle image velocimetry module respectively, supports multi-channel synchronous triggering, can simultaneously receive aerodynamic data from the aerodynamic measurement module, voltage data and current data from the power measurement module, and flow field images from the particle image velocimetry module. This ensures the consistency of different types of data in the collection time, provides a basis for subsequent synchronous analysis, and realizes simultaneous and synchronous testing of the aerodynamic and wake parameters of the wind turbine.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present application provides a device for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine, comprising: an obtaining module configured to obtain aerodynamic data, voltage data, current data and a flow field image of a wake region of the wind turbine at a target time, the aerodynamic data comprising thrust data and bending moment data; a first determining module configured to determine aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target time based on the aerodynamic data, the voltage data and the current data, the aerodynamic characteristic parameters comprising a thrust coefficient, a bending moment coefficient and a wind turbine efficiency, the thrust coefficient being determined according to the aerodynamic data, the bending moment coefficient being determined according to the bending moment data, and the wind turbine efficiency being determined according to the voltage data and the current data; a second determining module configured to perform wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis on the flow field image of the wake region to obtain vortex structures at different scales; and an extracting module configured to dilute and reconstruct the vortex structures at different scales to obtain a target vortex structure, and extract a wake characteristic parameter from the target vortex structure.

[0015] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer device, comprising: a memory and a processor, which are communicatively connected, and the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the computer instructions to perform the method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine according to the second aspect.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to make a computer perform the method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine according to the second aspect.

[0017] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which comprises computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to make a computer perform the method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine according to the second aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the specific embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 is a principle block diagram of the wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a specific structure schematic diagram of the return flow type wind tunnel and the wind turbine model in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3is a schematic diagram of a double wind wheel wind turbine model in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a power measurement module in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a principle block diagram of a PIV synchronization control test system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship among different modules in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a flow schematic diagram of a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement method according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 is a flow schematic diagram of a vortex visualization algorithm in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 9 is a vortex structure diagram of a single wind wheel and double wind wheel rotor in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 10 is a structural block diagram of a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement device according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 11 is a hardware structure schematic diagram of a computer device in the embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] In the related art, the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine are determined by a contact measurement method. The contact measurement method measures the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of the wind turbine through a strain gauge and a sensor. However, the measurement method is prone to errors in data caused by sensor failure, errors in measurement data caused by human operation, and inconsistency in measurement data caused by different testers. In addition, the contact measurement method cannot measure the aerodynamic and wake characteristics synchronously. Aerodynamic characteristics and wake characteristics are essentially dynamic coupled transient processes. Changes in the aerodynamic state of a wind turbine will change the wake structure in real time, and the backflow and vortex characteristics of the wake will in turn affect the aerodynamic environment of the upstream or downstream wind turbine. If the aerodynamic data and the wake data are measured separately, there will be a time difference between the two, which will break the dynamic correlation between the two.

[0032] Therefore, the embodiment of the present application provides a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system to measure the aerodynamic and wake characteristics of the wind turbine. The wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system provided by the embodiment of the present application collects the aerodynamic data of the wind turbine through an aerodynamic measurement module, collects the voltage data of a direct current generator and the current data in a circuit through a power measurement module, and collects the flow field image of the wind turbine in the wake area through a particle image velocimetry module. A data acquisition and analysis module is connected with the aerodynamic measurement module, the power measurement module, and the particle image velocimetry module as a data hub, supports multi-channel synchronous triggering, and can simultaneously receive the aerodynamic data from the aerodynamic measurement module, the voltage data and the current data from the power measurement module, and the flow field image from the particle image velocimetry module. This ensures the consistency of different types of data in the collection time, provides a basis for subsequent synchronous analysis, and realizes the simultaneous and synchronous testing of the wind turbine aerodynamic and wake parameters.

[0033] In the embodiment, a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system is provided, as shown in Figure 1 The system includes a backflow type wind tunnel and a wind turbine model 101, an aerodynamic measurement module 102, a power measurement module 103, a particle image velocimetry module 104, and a data acquisition and analysis module 105. The backflow type wind tunnel and the wind turbine model 101 include a looped wind tunnel model and a double-rotor wind turbine model. The aerodynamic measurement module 102 can include but is not limited to a six-dimensional mechanical sensor. The power measurement module 103 includes a current sensor and a voltage sensor. The particle image velocimetry module 104 uses the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology to collect the flow field image.

[0034] The aerodynamic measurement module 102 is connected with the test section of the backflow type wind tunnel and the wind turbine model 101, and is used to collect the aerodynamic data of the wind turbine.

[0035] Exemplarily, the return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model include a double rotor wind turbine model and a return flow wind tunnel model; the return flow wind tunnel model includes a power section, a diffusion section, an equal section, a stabilization section, a contraction section and a test section. In the embodiment of the present application, the aerodynamic measurement module 102 is configured to collect aerodynamic data of the wind turbine, and the aerodynamic data includes dynamic thrust T and bending moment M. The specific structure diagram of the return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model 101 is shown in Figure 2 The return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model include a wind turbine 1, a direct current generator 2, a power section 3, a first diffusion section 4, a first corner section 5, a first guide vane 6, a first equal section 7, a second guide vane 8, a second corner section 9, a honeycomb device 10, a stabilization section 11, a damping net 12, a contraction section 13, a test section 14, a second diffusion section 15, a third corner section 16, a third guide vane 17, a second equal section 18, a fourth guide vane 19 and a fourth corner section 20.

[0036] The power measurement module 103 is connected with the direct current generator of the return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model 101, and is configured to collect voltage data of the direct current generator and current data in the circuit.

[0037] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present application, the power measurement module 103 collects voltage data of the direct current generator and current data in the circuit through the current sensor and the voltage sensor.

[0038] The particle image velocimetry module 104 is connected with the test section of the return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model 101, and is configured to collect flow field images of the wind turbine in the wake region.

[0039] Exemplarily, the flow field image refers to an image of the motion state of a tracer particle in the flow field.

[0040] The data collection and analysis module 105 is connected with the aerodynamic measurement module 102, the power measurement module 103 and the particle image velocimetry module 104 respectively, and is configured to determine the aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at a target time according to the aerodynamic data, the voltage data and the current data at the target time, and determine the wake characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target time according to the flow field image at the target time.

[0041] Exemplarily, the target time can be any time at which aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement is required, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific content of the target time.

[0042] The wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement system provided by the application collects the aerodynamic data of the wind turbine through the aerodynamic measurement module, collects the voltage data of the direct current generator and the current data in the circuit through the power measurement module, and collects the flow field image of the wind turbine in the wake area through the particle image velocimetry module. The data acquisition and analysis module is connected with the aerodynamic measurement module, the power measurement module and the particle image velocimetry module as the data hub, supports multi-channel synchronous triggering, can simultaneously receive the aerodynamic data from the aerodynamic measurement module, the voltage data and the current data from the power measurement module, and the flow field image from the particle image velocimetry module. This ensures the consistency of different types of data in the collection time, provides a basis for subsequent synchronous analysis, and realizes the simultaneous and synchronous testing of the wind turbine aerodynamic and wake parameters.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, the aerodynamic measurement module 102 comprises a six-dimensional mechanical sensor, the first end of the six-dimensional mechanical sensor is fixed on the test section through a screw, and the second end is connected with the tower of the return flow type wind tunnel and the wind turbine model.

[0044] Exemplarily, the first end can be the bottom of the six-dimensional mechanical sensor, and the second end can be the upper end of the six-dimensional mechanical sensor. In the embodiment of the application, the wind turbine can be a double-rotor wind turbine, and a schematic diagram of the double-rotor wind turbine model can be as shown in Figure 3 The double-rotor wind turbine model 33 comprises a nacelle system, double rotors and a tower base. The bottom of the six-dimensional mechanical sensor is fixed on the test section 14 through a screw, and the upper end is connected with the bottom of the wind turbine tower.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the power measurement module 103 comprises a voltage sensor and a current sensor, the voltage sensor is connected in parallel across the direct current generator, and the current sensor is connected in series with the output current bus of the direct current generator.

[0046] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the application, a structural schematic diagram of the power measurement module 103 is as shown in Figure 4 The power measurement module 103 comprises a voltage sensor 34, a current sensor 35, a generator system 36, a high-speed shaft 37, a coupler 38, a speed increasing transmission system 39, a brake disc 40 and a low-speed shaft 41.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, the particle image velocimetry module 104 comprises a velocity measurement unit and a phase signal control unit, the velocity measurement unit comprises a first image intensifier camera and a second image intensifier camera, the phase signal control unit comprises a first digital delay generator, a second digital delay generator and a digital tachometer; the digital tachometer is configured to acquire phase angle information of the blade, and send a first trigger instruction to the second digital delay generator when the blade is in a preset phase angle state, so that the second digital delay generator controls the first image intensifier camera and the second image intensifier camera to acquire the flow field image of the wind turbine in the wake region; the first digital delay generator is configured to control the time interval of data acquisition between the first image intensifier camera and the second image intensifier camera and the time delay between the laser beam emitted by the laser and the data acquisition of the image intensifier camera based on preset parameters.

[0048] Exemplarily, in the embodiments of the present application, the principle block diagram of the pneumatic and phase-locked PIV synchronous control test system can be as shown in Figure 5 The particle image velocimetry module 104 comprises a laser 22, a spherical mirror 23, a cylindrical mirror 24, a first digital signal delay controller 25, a second digital signal delay controller 26, a first image intensifier camera 28, a second image intensifier camera 29 and a digital electronic tachometer 31.

[0049] The data acquisition and analysis module 105 is connected with the six-dimensional mechanical sensor 32, the first image intensifier camera 28, the second image intensifier camera 29 and the digital electronic tachometer 31 respectively.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the pneumatic measurement module and the phase-locked PIV control module are connected to the signal control module 27 and the data acquisition and analysis module 30 through connection lines, and then connected to the power supply system. In addition, the power supply module can also control the switch of the return flow wind tunnel and the wind turbine model 101 and the restart of the signal control module 27. The connection relationship between different modules is shown in Figure 6 After the wind tunnel is started and waits for half an hour, the wind speed is stabilized, the pre-experiment is started, and the corresponding aerodynamic force parameters and images are acquired for the next step of correction processing. The camera shooting parameters and the basic parameters such as the wind tunnel wind speed are calibrated, the power supply is started, each module is started for testing, and the shooting images and aerodynamic performance parameters are stored in the data system.

[0051] According to the embodiments of the present application, a wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measurement method is also provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0052] The embodiment provides a method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine, which can be used in the wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristic measuring system in the above embodiment, Figure 7 is a flow chart of the method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine according to the embodiment of the application, as shown in the figure, the flow comprises the following steps: Figure 7

[0053] In step S701, aerodynamic data, voltage data, current data and flow field images of a wake area of the wind turbine at a target moment are acquired, the aerodynamic data comprises thrust data and bending moment data.

[0054] Exemplarily, the specific data acquisition process can refer to the description of the related content in the above embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

[0055] In step S702, aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target moment are determined based on the aerodynamic data, the voltage data and the current data, the aerodynamic characteristic parameters comprise a thrust coefficient, a bending moment coefficient and a wind turbine efficiency, the thrust coefficient is determined according to the thrust data, the bending moment coefficient is determined according to the bending moment coefficient, and the wind turbine efficiency is determined according to the voltage data and the current data.

[0056] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the application, the thrust coefficient C T , the bending moment coefficient C M and the wind turbine efficiency C p are calculated according to the measured aerodynamic thrust and moment and the current and voltage values through the following expressions:

[0057]

[0058] Wherein, C T represents the thrust coefficient, C M represents the bending moment coefficient, C p represents the wind turbine efficiency, T represents the aerodynamic thrust data, p represents the air density, v represents the test section wind speed, A represents the main rotor rotating area, eta represents the DC generator efficiency, U represents the voltage data, and I represents the current data.

[0059] In step S703, wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis are performed on the flow field images of the wake area, so as to obtain vortex structures at different scales.

[0060] Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the application, the flow field images are two-dimensional images, when the vorticity structure image is acquired, the sub-pixel interpolation cross-correlation algorithm is used to obtain a velocity field (vorticity signal), the wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis are used to decompose the under-sampled or noise-containing vorticity signal into components at different scales, large and small scale vortices and noises are preliminarily separated, and vortex structures at different scales are obtained.

[0061] ​In step S704, the vortex structures at different scales are dilution reconstructed to obtain a target vortex structure, and a wake characteristic parameter is extracted from the target vortex structure.

[0062] Exemplarily, the wake characteristic parameter can include, but is not limited to, a vortex parameter. The vortex structure at each scale, especially the small-scale weak vortex component, is separately dilution reconstructed to repair the information loss caused by under-sampling and suppress noise; the reconstructed scale components are threshold filtered to extract vortex structures at different scales (such as large-scale inter-wheel interference vortex and small-scale turbulent vortex), and finally integrated into a complete target vortex structure.

[0063] In the data instance of the application, the vorticity distribution can also be obtained based on the vorticity theory by using the central difference method according to the velocity field, and finally the vorticity structure is obtained by Q criterion, the vortex parameter is extracted, and the flowchart of the vortex visualization algorithm is as shown in Figure 8 Some important theoretical formulas used in the algorithm are as shown in the following formulas:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] wherein ω represents vorticity, u represents a velocity component of a fluid in an x direction, and v represents a velocity component of the fluid in a y direction; x and y are two coordinate components of a spatial rectangular coordinate system, and are used to describe positions of particles in a flow field; v i,j+1 and v i,j-1 respectively represent the velocity component values of the fluid in the y direction at the positions (i, j+1) and (i, j-1) of the discrete grid nodes; u i,j+1 and u i,j-1 are respectively the velocity component values of the fluid in the x direction at the positions (i, j+1) and (i, j-1); Q represents a value of Q criterion, and is a dimensionless parameter for identifying vortex structures in a flow field. When Q>0, it is generally considered that there is a vortex structure in the corresponding region, and the vortex range and form can be extracted according to it to help determine where the vortex region is in the flow field. is a second-order tensor, which describes the rate of change of the velocity field in space. represents a transpose tensor of the velocity gradient tensor .

[0067] In the embodiment of the application, finally, the vortex structure diagrams of the single-rotor wind turbine and the double-rotor wind turbine are given under the condition that the phase-locked angle is 90°, as shown in Figure 9 , which specifically includes vortex diagrams of two different forms of wind turbines.

[0068] The method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine provided in the embodiment has a data acquisition and analysis module in the system for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine as a data hub, which is connected with an aerodynamic measurement module, a power measurement module and a particle image velocimetry module respectively, supports multi-channel synchronous triggering, and can simultaneously receive aerodynamic data from the aerodynamic measurement module, voltage data and current data from the power measurement module, and flow field images from the particle image velocimetry module. This ensures the consistency of different types of data in the acquisition time, provides a basis for subsequent synchronous analysis, and realizes simultaneous and synchronous testing of aerodynamic and wake parameters of a wind turbine.

[0069] In the embodiment, a device for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred embodiments, and will not be described again. As used below, the term "module" can be a combination of software and / or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementation of hardware or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and is contemplated.

[0070] The embodiment provides a device for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine, as shown in the accompanying drawings, comprising: Figure 10

[0071] The acquisition module 1011 is configured to acquire aerodynamic data, voltage data, current data and flow field images of a wake region of the wind turbine at a target time, wherein the aerodynamic data comprises thrust data and bending moment data.

[0072] The first determination module 1012 is configured to determine aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target time based on the aerodynamic data, the voltage data and the current data, wherein the aerodynamic characteristic parameters comprise a thrust coefficient, a bending moment coefficient and a wind turbine efficiency, the thrust coefficient is determined according to the thrust data, the bending moment coefficient is determined according to the bending moment data, and the wind turbine efficiency is determined according to the voltage data and the current data.

[0073] The second determination module 1013 is configured to extract wake characteristic parameters based on the flow field images of the wake region.

[0074] The extraction module 1014 is configured to dilute and reconstruct vortex structures at different scales to obtain a target vortex structure, and extract the wake characteristic parameters from the target vortex structure.

[0075] The further function description of each module and unit is the same as the corresponding embodiment described above, and will not be described again.

[0076] ​The aerodynamic and wake characteristics measuring device of the wind turbine in this embodiment is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above functions.

[0077] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device having the above Figure 10 The aerodynamic and wake characteristics measuring device of the wind turbine is shown.

[0078] See also Figure 11 , Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a computer device provided by an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11 As shown, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. Various components utilize different buses to communicate with each other and can be installed on a common mainboard or installed in other ways as needed. The processor can process the instructions executed in the computer device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display the graphical information of a GUI on an external input / output device (such as, a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, if necessary, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories. Equally, multiple computer devices can be connected, and each device provides part of the necessary operations (for example, as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). Figure 11 A processor 10 is taken as an example.

[0079] The processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor, or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit, a programmable logic device, or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general purpose array logic, or any combination thereof.

[0080] The memory 20 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 10, so that the at least one processor 10 executes the method shown in the above embodiment.

[0081] The memory 20 can include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area can store an operating system, application programs required for at least one function, etc. The data storage area can store data created by the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 can include a high-speed random access memory, and can also include a non-transitory memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state memory device. In some alternative embodiments, the memory 20 can optionally include memory that is remotely located with respect to the processor 10, and which can be connected to the computer device through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an enterprise intranet, a local area network, a mobile communications network, and combinations thereof.

[0082] The memory 20 can include a volatile memory, such as a random access memory, and / or can include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid state memory device. The memory 20 can also include an array of multi-state flash memory cells, which can be used to store data and / or instructions in multiple states.

[0083] The computer device also includes a communications interface 30 for communicating with other devices or communication networks.

[0084] The embodiments of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium, and the method according to the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or recorded in a storage medium, or be implemented as computer code to be originally stored in a remote storage medium or a non-transitory machine readable storage medium downloaded through a network and stored in a local storage medium, so that the method described herein can be processed by such software on a storage medium using a general purpose computer, a special purpose processor, or programmable or special purpose hardware. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk, or a solid state disk, etc. Further, the storage medium can also include a combination of the above-mentioned kinds of storage. It can be understood that the computer, the processor, the microprocessor controller, or the programmable hardware includes a storage component that can store or receive software or computer code, when the software or computer code is accessed and executed by the computer, the processor, or the hardware, the method shown in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0085] Part of the present application can be applied as a computer program product, for example, computer program instructions, when executed by a computer, through the operation of the computer, can invoke or provide the method and / or technical solutions according to the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the form of computer program instructions in computer readable medium includes but is not limited to source files, executable files, installation package files and the like, and accordingly, the way of computer program instructions executed by computer includes but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instructions, or the computer compiles the instructions and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instructions, or the computer reads and installs the instructions and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer readable medium can be any available computer readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0086] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the drawings, various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and changes fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wind turbine aerodynamic and wake characteristics measurement system, characterized in that: The system includes: a recirculating wind tunnel and a wind turbine model, an aerodynamic measurement module, a power measurement module, a particle image velocimetry module, and a data acquisition and analysis module; The aerodynamic measurement module is connected to the test section of the recirculation wind tunnel and the wind turbine model, and is used to collect aerodynamic data of the wind turbine; The power measurement module is connected to the DC generator of the recirculation wind tunnel and the wind turbine model, and is used to collect voltage data of the DC generator and current data in the circuit; The particle image velocimetry module is connected to the test section of the recirculation wind tunnel and the wind turbine model, and is used to collect flow field images of the wind turbine in the wake area; The data acquisition and analysis module is respectively connected to the aerodynamic measurement module, the power measurement module and the particle image velocimetry module, and is used to determine the aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind target moment based on the aerodynamic data, voltage data and current data at the target moment, and to determine the wake characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at the target moment based on the flow field image at the target moment.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The aerodynamic measurement module includes a six-dimensional mechanical sensor, a first end of which is fixed to the test section by screws, and a second end of which is connected to the tower of the recirculation wind tunnel and the wind turbine model.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The power measurement module includes a voltage sensor and a current sensor. The voltage sensor is connected in parallel to both ends of the DC generator, and the current sensor is connected in series to the output current bus of the DC generator.

4. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The particle image velocimetry module includes a velocimetry unit and a phase signal control unit, wherein the velocimetry unit includes a first image intensification camera and a second image intensification camera, and the phase signal control unit includes a laser, a first digital delay generator, a second digital delay generator, and a digital tachometer; The digital tachometer is used to collect phase angle information of the blades. When the blades are in a preset phase angle state, a first trigger instruction is sent to the second digital delay generator, so that the second digital delay generator controls the organ to emit a laser beam and controls the first image intensification camera and the second image intensification camera to collect flow field images of the wind turbine in the wake area; The first digital delay generator is used to control the time interval for data collection between the first image intensification camera and the second image intensification camera and the time delay between the laser emitting the laser beam and the data collection of the intensification camera based on preset parameters.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The recirculation wind tunnel and wind turbine model include a twin-rotor wind turbine model and a recirculation wind tunnel model; The recirculation wind tunnel model includes a power section, a diffusion section, a straight section, a stable section, a contraction section and a test section.

6. A method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine, characterized in that: The aerodynamic and wake characteristics measurement system for a wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises: Acquiring aerodynamic data, voltage data, current data, and a flow field image of the wake area of ​​the wind turbine at a target time, wherein the aerodynamic data includes thrust data and bending moment data; determining aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at a target time based on the aerodynamic data, the voltage data, and the current data, wherein the aerodynamic characteristic parameters include a thrust coefficient, a bending moment coefficient, and a wind turbine efficiency, wherein the thrust coefficient is determined based on the thrust data, the bending moment coefficient is determined based on the bending moment coefficient, and the wind turbine efficiency is determined based on the voltage data and the current data; performing wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis on the flow field image of the wake region to obtain vortex structures at different scales; The vortex structures at different scales are diluted and reconstructed to obtain the target vortex structure, and the wake characteristic parameters are extracted from the target vortex structure.

7. A device for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module, configured to acquire aerodynamic data, voltage data, current data, and a flow field image of a wake area of ​​a wind turbine at a target time, wherein the aerodynamic data includes thrust data and bending moment data; a first determining module, configured to determine aerodynamic characteristic parameters of the wind turbine at a target time based on the aerodynamic data, the voltage data, and the current data, the aerodynamic characteristic parameters including a thrust coefficient, a bending moment coefficient, and a wind turbine efficiency, the thrust coefficient being determined based on the thrust data, the bending moment coefficient being determined based on the bending moment coefficient, and the wind turbine efficiency being determined based on the voltage data and the current data; A second determination module is used to perform wavelet transform and multi-resolution analysis on the flow field image of the wake area to obtain vortex structures at different scales; The extraction module is used to dilute and reconstruct vortex structures at different scales to obtain the target vortex structure, and extract the wake characteristic parameters from the target vortex structure.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the aerodynamic and wake characteristics measurement method of a wind turbine according to claim 6 by executing the computer instructions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a computer to execute the method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine according to claim 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for measuring aerodynamic and wake characteristics of a wind turbine according to claim 6.

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