Marine stirling ultra-low temperature primary energy-saving refrigeration system

Abstract

The application discloses a marine Stirling ultra-low-temperature primary energy-saving refrigerating system and relates to the technical field of energy-saving heat exchange equipment. The upper part of the base is respectively provided with a refrigerating machine main body, a heat dissipation device, a control system cabinet, a plate heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator. The ship waste heat is used as a heat driving source, enters the inside of the first shell through a second cooler and a second heat exchange cavity, the crankshaft rotates, the rotary motion is converted into the reciprocating linear motion of a piston assembly, the gear is linked with the crankshaft to coordinate the motion of multiple pistons, a supporting partition plate separates the compression cavity from the expansion cavity, a heat recovery cycle is completed by taking helium as a working medium, the piston assembly reciprocates in a piston motion cavity, the working medium in the compression cavity is compressed, enters the heat exchanger installation cavity through a working medium pipeline and a heat exchange cavity, exchanges heat with a heat exchanger core to reduce temperature, then enters the expansion cavity to expand and work to refrigerate (absorb the heat of the low-temperature cabin of the ship), the expanded working medium flows through the heat exchanger to absorb heat and increase temperature again, and returns to the compression cavity to complete the cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy-saving heat exchange equipment technology, specifically to a marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system. Background Technology

[0002] A Stirling refrigeration system is a mechanical refrigeration device that operates based on the Stirling cycle principle. It achieves a cooling effect by periodically compressing and expanding the working fluid (usually an inert gas such as helium or hydrogen) and utilizing the heat exchange between the working fluid and the outside environment. It features a compact structure, high refrigeration efficiency, and a wide operating temperature range (reaching ultra-low temperatures). It has important applications in aerospace, cryogenic physics, medical, and marine fields.

[0003] While existing Stirling refrigerators can utilize various waste heat sources for energy recovery, some refrigerators still fail to fully utilize waste heat at the hot end, failing to achieve cascaded energy utilization. Overall refrigeration efficiency needs improvement. Motor-driven Stirling refrigerators involve a mechanical-electrical-mechanical energy conversion process, as well as energy dissipation losses during electrical energy transmission, reducing energy utilization efficiency. In heat-driven Stirling refrigerators, the resonator displacement is highly sensitive to parameters such as heating temperature, cooling temperature, and pressure. Even small changes in these parameters can cause significant shifts in the resonator displacement, leading to instability and potential malfunctions such as failure to operate or amplitudes far exceeding design values. Although Stirling refrigerators offer improved efficiency compared to cascade refrigeration systems, their overall efficiency remains low, and it drops sharply as the temperature decreases. Furthermore, the start-up time from room temperature to low temperature is long, and the recovery time after opening the door is also lengthy, making it difficult to quickly meet cooling demands.

[0004] Therefore, we proposed a marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system to address the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system. Waste heat from the ship serves as the heat source, entering the first outer shell through a second cooler and a second heat exchange chamber. The crankshaft rotates, converting the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston assembly. Gears and the crankshaft coordinate the movement of multiple pistons. The main body of the refrigeration unit is securely mounted on a base support. The second outer shell encloses the internal components, and a support partition separates the compression chamber and the expansion chamber. Helium or similar gases are used as the working fluid to complete the regenerative cycle. The piston assembly reciprocates in the piston motion chamber, compressing the working fluid in the compression chamber. The compressed fluid then passes through a working fluid pipe and a heat exchange chamber into the regenerator installation chamber, where it exchanges heat with the regenerator core for cooling. It then enters the expansion chamber to expand and perform cooling (absorbing heat from the ship's cryogenic compartment). After expansion, the working fluid flows through the regenerator to absorb heat and reheat, returning to the compression chamber to complete the cycle. This system solves the problems of insufficient waste heat utilization and the need to improve energy efficiency in Stirling refrigeration units.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system, including a base, wherein the upper part of the base is respectively provided with a refrigeration unit, a heat dissipation device, a control system cabinet, a plate heat exchanger and a gas-liquid separator;

[0007] The main body of the refrigeration unit includes a first cooler and a second cooler. A first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to the outer walls of the first cooler and the second cooler. A first outer shell is connected to one side of the outer walls of the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber, and acts on the internal components of the first outer shell.

[0008] Preferably, end caps are connected to both sides of the outer wall of the first housing, a piston assembly is installed on one side of the outer wall of the end cap, a working fluid pipe is connected to the outer wall of the first housing, and the working fluid pipe acts on the internal components of the first housing.

[0009] Preferably, the first outer shell has a regenerator mounting cavity inside, the regenerator mounting cavity has a piston movement cavity inside, sleeves are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the regenerator mounting cavity, and a regenerator core is installed on one side of the outer wall of a set of sleeves.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the piston movement chamber is separated by a support partition, sealing components are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the first housing, and a set of guide blocks are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the first housing.

[0011] Preferably, a set of crankshafts is rotatably connected between a set of guide blocks, a set of bearings is rotatably connected between a set of crankshafts, and a gear is rotatably connected to one side of the inner surface of a set of bearings, for realizing the circulation of refrigerant and energy conversion.

[0012] Preferably, the heat dissipation device includes a pipe connection component and a refrigeration unit connection component, and the heat dissipation device is connected to the main body of the refrigeration unit through the pipe connection component and the refrigeration unit connection component.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the pipe connection component and the refrigeration unit connection component is connected to a first support structure. A set of fins is installed on the inner wall of the first support structure. A mounting base is connected to the outer wall of the first support structure. A motor is installed on the outer wall of the mounting base. A base support is installed at the bottom of the first support structure. The heat dissipation device is used to dissipate the heat generated by the operation of the equipment to ensure the normal operating temperature of the equipment.

[0014] Preferably, a control system cabinet is installed on the base. The control system cabinet is used to install various electrical components and control systems for the operation of the control equipment, so as to realize the regulation of operating parameters and status monitoring of components such as the chiller body and heat dissipation device.

[0015] Preferably, the plate heat exchanger includes a fixed plate, a set of connecting rods connecting a set of fixed plates, and a set of working fluid channel interfaces opened on both sides of the outer wall of the set of fixed plates. It is assembled from metal plates by fastening components and is used to realize heat exchange between different working fluids.

[0016] Preferably, the gas-liquid separator includes two working fluid transfer pipes, which are used to form a closed circuit, connecting the refrigerator body, plate heat exchanger and gas-liquid separator in series. One side of the outer wall of the working fluid transfer pipe is connected to an interface, and a main body tank cavity is installed on one side of the outer wall of the interface. A second support structure is installed on the outside of the main body tank cavity. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the gas and liquid in the working fluid to ensure the efficient operation of the refrigeration cycle.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. This invention achieves refrigeration through the Stirling cycle, effectively solving the problems of insufficient utilization of waste heat at the hot end, lack of energy cascade utilization, and insufficient improvement in overall refrigeration efficiency of existing Stirling refrigerators. Its operation process is as follows: after the control system cabinet issues a start command, the ship's waste heat, as the heat driving source, enters the first outer casing through the second cooler and the second heat exchange chamber, causing the crankshaft to rotate. The crankshaft is mounted in the sleeve of the refrigerator body through bearings, converting the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston assembly. Gears are linked with the crankshaft to coordinate the movement of multiple pistons to ensure cyclic synchronization. The main body of the refrigeration unit is securely mounted on the base by a support bracket. A second outer shell encloses and protects the internal components. A support partition separates the compression chamber and the expansion chamber, providing physical space for the circulation. The circulation uses helium or similar gases as the working fluid. The piston assembly reciprocates within the piston movement chamber. When the piston moves towards one end of the cylinder, the working fluid in the compression chamber (enclosed by the support partition, end cap, and piston assembly) is compressed. A sealing component ensures airtightness to prevent leakage. The compressed, high-temperature, and high-pressure working fluid enters the first heat exchange chamber through a working fluid pipeline and then flows into the regenerator body within the regenerator installation chamber through a working fluid guide channel. The regenerator core is filled with high specific heat and high thermal conductivity materials such as foam metal to store the cold energy from the previous cycle. The working fluid exchanges heat with this material, releasing heat and lowering its temperature, preparing for subsequent expansion refrigeration. Subsequently, the cooled working fluid enters the expansion chamber opposite to the compression chamber. The piston moves in the opposite direction, and the working fluid expands and performs work within the expansion chamber, causing a rapid drop in temperature and pressure, achieving a refrigeration effect. This process absorbs heat from the ship's cryogenic compartments. The expanded, low-temperature working fluid flows through the main body of the regenerator again, absorbing the heat stored therein. After the temperature rises, it returns to the compression chamber through the working fluid pipeline, completing a Stirling cycle, which improves the waste heat utilization efficiency and the overall refrigeration energy efficiency.

[0019] 2. The refrigeration equipment of this invention uses a base as its installation foundation and completes the ultra-low temperature refrigeration task through the coordinated operation of various components. It is adapted to the requirements of the marine environment and effectively solves the problem of operational instability caused by the sensitivity of the resonator displacement to parameters such as heating temperature, cooling temperature, and pressure in a heat-driven Stirling refrigerator (e.g., a small change in parameters can cause a large change in displacement, potentially leading to equipment malfunction or amplitude exceeding the design value). During operation, the refrigerator body completes the compression, reheating, and expansion processes of the working fluid through the Stirling cycle, realizing the conversion of internal energy into mechanical energy. The heat generated during the compression process and the heat release stage of the regenerator is transferred from the working fluid to the heat dissipation device. The heat dissipation device is connected to the hot end of the refrigerator body through refrigerator connecting components and pipe connecting components. Fins increase the heat dissipation area. If it is an air-cooled type, the motor drives a cooling fan through the mounting base to accelerate the dissipation of heat to the outside. The support structure and base work together to stabilize the heat dissipation device. The low-temperature working fluid after expansion and cooling enters the plate heat exchanger through the transmission pipe. The working fluid channel interface guides the working fluid to flow between the metal plates. The metal plates, as the core heat exchange components, transfer the cooling capacity to the fluid on the load side. Fastening components fix the metal... The plates ensure heat exchange efficiency and sealing. The gas-liquid mixing problem that may occur during the working fluid circulation is solved by the gas-liquid separator: it is connected to the main circulation pipeline of the refrigeration unit through a transmission pipeline. After the working fluid enters the main tank cavity, gas-liquid separation is achieved by gravity and changes in flow rate. The gaseous working fluid continues to circulate, while the liquid working fluid is temporarily stored in the tank to ensure the purity of the working fluid. The control system cabinet is arranged on the base and connects various components through pipelines and cables. It integrates sensors to monitor parameters such as working fluid temperature, pressure, flow rate, motor speed, and equipment vibration in real time, so as to achieve intelligent control and ensure the coordinated operation of all links. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main structure of the marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the main body of the refrigeration unit in the marine Stirling ultra-low temperature first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the main body of the refrigeration unit in the marine Stirling ultra-low temperature first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a piping connection diagram of the marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a split perspective view of the heat dissipation device in the marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a piping connection diagram of the marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional view of the gas-liquid separator in the marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the plate heat exchanger in the marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Base; 200. Refrigeration unit body; 201. Working fluid pipe; 202. First outer shell; 203. End cap; 204. Piston assembly; 205. First heat exchange chamber; 206. First cooler; 207. Regenerator body; 208. Second cooler; 209. Second heat exchange chamber; 210. Base bracket; 211. Second outer shell; 212. Regenerator mounting chamber; 213. Piston movement chamber; 214. Sleeve; 215. Regenerator core; 216. Working fluid guide channel; 217. Support partition; 218. Sealing assembly; 219. Guide block; 220. Curved... 221. Shaft; 222. Bearing; 300. Gear; 301. Heat dissipation device; 302. Pipe connection component; 303. Refrigeration unit connection component; 304. First support structure; 305. Fin; 306. Motor; 307. Mounting base; 308. Base support; 4. Control system cabinet; 500. Plate heat exchanger; 501. Fixing plate; 502. Connecting rod; 503. Working fluid channel interface; 504. Fastening component; 505. Metal plate; 600. Gas-liquid separator; 601. Working fluid transmission pipeline; 602. Interface; 603. Main tank cavity; 604. Second support structure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1, according to Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes a base 1, and the upper part of the base 1 is respectively provided with a refrigeration unit 200, a heat dissipation device 300, a control system cabinet 4, a plate heat exchanger 500 and a gas-liquid separator 600.

[0031] The main body of the refrigeration unit 200 includes a first cooler 206 and a second cooler 208. A set of first heat exchange chambers 205 and a set of second heat exchange chambers 209 are respectively connected to the outer walls of the first cooler 206 and the second cooler 208. A first outer shell 202 is connected to one side of the outer walls of the first heat exchange chambers 205 and the second heat exchange chambers 209, and acts on the internal components of the first outer shell 202.

[0032] End caps 203 are connected to both sides of the outer wall of the first outer shell 202. A piston assembly 204 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the end cap 203. A working fluid pipe 201 is connected to the outer wall of the first outer shell 202, and the working fluid pipe 201 acts on the internal components of the first outer shell 202. A regenerator body 207 is installed on the outer wall of the first outer shell 202.

[0033] The first outer shell 202 has a regenerator mounting cavity 212 inside, and a piston movement cavity 213 inside the regenerator mounting cavity 212. Sleeves 214 are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the regenerator mounting cavity 212, and a regenerator core 215 is installed on one side of the outer wall of a set of sleeves 214.

[0034] The inner wall of the piston movement chamber 213 is separated by a support partition 217. Sealing components 218 are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the first outer shell 202, and a set of guide blocks 219 are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the first outer shell 202.

[0035] A set of crankshafts 220 are rotatably connected between a set of guide blocks 219, a set of bearings 221 are rotatably connected between a set of crankshafts 220, and a gear 222 is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of a set of bearings 221, for realizing the circulation of refrigerant and energy conversion.

[0036] The overall effect of Embodiment 1 is as follows: the control system cabinet 4 issues a start command, the heat drive source, namely the ship's waste heat, enters the first outer shell 202 through the second cooler 208 and the second heat exchange chamber 209, and then the crankshaft 220 rotates. The crankshaft 220 is installed in the sleeve 214 of the refrigerator body 200 through the bearing 221, converting the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston assembly 204. The gear 222 is linked with the crankshaft 220 to coordinate the movement of multiple pistons and ensure the synchronization of the cycle. The refrigerator body 200 is stably installed on the base 1 through the base bracket 210. The second outer shell 211 encloses and protects the internal components, and the support partition 217 separates the compression chamber and the expansion chamber, providing a physical space basis for the cycle. This cycle uses helium or other gases as working fluids and completes compression within the refrigerator body 200. The regenerative cycle proceeds from regeneration to expansion. Subsequently, the piston assembly 204 reciprocates within the piston movement chamber 213. As the piston moves toward one end of the cylinder, the working fluid within the compression chamber, enclosed by the support partition 217, end cap 203, and piston assembly 204, is compressed. The sealing assembly 218 ensures the airtightness between the piston assembly 204 and the cylinder, preventing working fluid leakage. The temperature and pressure of the compressed working fluid increase. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid enters the first heat exchange chamber 205 through the working fluid pipe 201, and then flows into the regenerator body 207 within the regenerator installation chamber 212 via the working fluid guide channel 216. The regenerator core 215 is filled with high specific heat and high thermal conductivity materials such as foamed metal, storing the cold energy from the previous cycle. The working fluid exchanges heat with the regenerator core 215, releasing heat and lowering the temperature, preparing for subsequent expansion and refrigeration.

[0037] After cooling, the working fluid enters the expansion chamber, which is surrounded by the support partition 217, the other end cover 203, and the piston assembly 204. It is opposite to the compression chamber. The piston moves in the opposite direction, and the working fluid expands and does work in the expansion chamber. The temperature and pressure drop sharply, achieving a cooling effect. The heat absorbed in this process comes from the ship's cryogenic tank.

[0038] The expanded low-temperature working fluid flows through the regenerator body 207 again, absorbing the heat stored in the regenerator core 215. After the temperature rises, it returns to the compression chamber through the working fluid pipe 201, completing a Stirling cycle. This effectively solves the problem that while existing Stirling refrigerators can utilize various waste heat sources for energy recovery, some refrigerators still cannot fully utilize the waste heat at the hot end, failing to achieve cascaded energy utilization and needing to improve overall refrigeration efficiency.

[0039] Example 2, according to Figure 1 and Figures 5-8 As shown, the heat dissipation device 300 includes a pipe connection component 301 and a chiller connection component 302. The heat dissipation device 300 is connected to the chiller body 200 through the pipe connection component 301 and the chiller connection component 302.

[0040] The outer wall of the pipe connection component 301 and the refrigeration unit connection component 302 is connected to a first support structure 303. A set of fins 304 are installed on the inner wall of the first support structure 303. A mounting base 306 is connected to the outer wall of the first support structure 303. A motor 305 is installed on the outer wall of the mounting base 306. A base support 307 is installed at the bottom of the first support structure 303. The heat dissipation device 300 is used to dissipate the heat generated by the operation of the equipment to ensure the normal operating temperature of the equipment.

[0041] The control system cabinet 4 is installed on the base 1. The control system cabinet 4 is used to install various electrical components and control systems for the operation of the control equipment, so as to realize the regulation and status monitoring of the operating parameters of components such as the chiller body 200 and the heat dissipation device 300.

[0042] The plate heat exchanger 500 includes a fixed plate 501, a set of connecting rods 502 connecting a set of fixed plates 501, and a set of working fluid channel interfaces 503 opened on both sides of the outer wall of a set of fixed plates 501. It is assembled from metal plates 505 by fastening components 504 and is used to realize heat exchange between different working fluids.

[0043] The gas-liquid separator 600 includes two working fluid transmission pipes 601, which are used to form a closed circuit, connecting the refrigerator body 200, plate heat exchanger 500 and gas-liquid separator 600 in series. One side of the outer wall of the working fluid transmission pipe 601 is connected to an interface 602, and a main body cavity 603 is installed on one side of the outer wall of the interface 602. A second support structure 604 is installed on the outside of the main body cavity 603. The gas-liquid separator 600 is used to separate the gas and liquid in the working fluid to ensure the efficient operation of the refrigeration cycle.

[0044] The overall effect of Embodiment 2 is as follows: In the refrigeration cycle, the heat generated during the compression process and the heat release stage of the regenerator is transferred to the heat dissipation device 300 through the working fluid. The heat dissipation device 300 is connected to the hot end of the refrigerator body 200 through the refrigerator connecting component 302 and the pipe connecting component 301. The fins 304 increase the heat dissipation area. The motor 305 drives the cooling fan through the mounting base 306. If it is an air-cooled type, it accelerates the dissipation of heat to the outside. The first support structure 303 cooperates with the base support 307 to stabilize the heat dissipation device 300 on the base 1. The low-temperature working fluid after expansion and cooling enters the plate heat exchanger 500 through the working fluid transmission pipe 601. The working fluid channel interface 503 guides the working fluid to flow between the metal plates 505. The metal plates 505, as the core heat exchange component, transfer the cooling capacity to the fluid on the load side to achieve the cooling target. The fastening component 504 fixes the metal plates 505 to ensure heat exchange efficiency and sealing.

[0045] During circulation, the working fluid may undergo gas-liquid mixing. The gas-liquid separator 600 is connected to the working fluid circulation pipeline of the chiller body 200 via the working fluid transfer pipe 601. After the working fluid enters the main tank 603, gas-liquid separation is achieved using gravity and flow rate changes. The separated gaseous working fluid continues to participate in the circulation, while the liquid working fluid is temporarily stored in the tank to ensure its purity. The control system cabinet 4 is mounted on the base 1 and connected to the chiller body 200, heat dissipation device 300, plate heat exchanger 500, etc., via pipes and cables. Integrated sensors monitor working fluid temperature, pressure, flow rate, motor 305 speed, equipment vibration, and other parameters in real time. The system uses base 1 as the installation foundation. The main body of the refrigerator 200 completes the regenerative process of the working fluid compression, reheating, and expansion through the Stirling cycle, realizing the conversion of internal energy and mechanical energy. The heat dissipation device 300 discharges heat from the hot end, the plate heat exchanger 500 outputs cold energy to the load, the gas-liquid separator 600 ensures the purity of the working fluid, and the control system cabinet 4 provides intelligent regulation. All components work together to complete the ultra-low temperature refrigeration task, adapting to the requirements of the marine environment. It effectively solves the problem that in heat-driven Stirling refrigerators, the resonator displacement is very sensitive to parameters such as heating temperature, cooling temperature, and pressure. Even small changes in parameters can cause a large change in the resonator displacement, leading to unstable operation of the refrigerator, which may result in failure to work or amplitude far exceeding the design value.

[0046] The working principle of the entire device is as follows: The control system cabinet 4 issues a start command, and the heat drive source, namely the waste heat from the ship, enters the first outer shell 202 through the second cooler 208 and the second heat exchange chamber 209. Subsequently, the crankshaft 220 rotates. The crankshaft 220 is installed in the sleeve 214 of the refrigerator body 200 through the bearing 221, converting the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston assembly 204. The gear 222 is linked with the crankshaft 220 to coordinate the movement of multiple pistons and ensure the synchronization of the cycle. The refrigerator body 200 is stably installed on the base 1 through the base bracket 210. The second outer shell 211 encloses and protects the internal components, and the support partition 217 separates the compression chamber and the expansion chamber, providing the physical space basis for the cycle. This cycle uses helium or other gases as working fluids, and the compression and return are completed within the refrigerator body 200. The regenerative cycle of heating and expansion continues. Subsequently, the piston assembly 204 reciprocates within the piston movement chamber 213. When the piston moves towards one end of the cylinder, the working fluid in the compression chamber, which is enclosed by the support partition 217, end cap 203, and piston assembly 204, is compressed. The sealing assembly 218 ensures the airtightness between the piston assembly 204 and the cylinder, preventing working fluid leakage. The temperature and pressure of the compressed working fluid increase. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid enters the first heat exchange chamber 205 through the working fluid pipe 201, and then flows into the regenerator body 207 in the regenerator installation chamber 212 through the working fluid guide channel 216. The regenerator core 215 is filled with high specific heat and high thermal conductivity materials such as foam metal, which stores the cold energy from the previous cycle. The working fluid exchanges heat with the regenerator core 215, releasing heat and lowering the temperature, preparing for subsequent expansion and refrigeration.

[0047] After cooling, the working fluid enters the expansion chamber, which is surrounded by the support partition 217, the other end cover 203, and the piston assembly 204. It is opposite to the compression chamber. The piston moves in the opposite direction, and the working fluid expands and does work in the expansion chamber. The temperature and pressure drop sharply, achieving a cooling effect. The heat absorbed in this process comes from the ship's cryogenic tank.

[0048] The expanded low-temperature working fluid flows through the regenerator body 207 again, absorbing the heat stored in the regenerator core 215. After the temperature rises, it returns to the compression chamber through the working fluid pipe 201, completing one Stirling cycle.

[0049] In the refrigeration cycle, the heat generated during the compression process and the heat release stage of the regenerator is transferred to the heat dissipation device 300 through the working fluid. The heat dissipation device 300 is connected to the hot end of the refrigerator body 200 through the refrigerator connecting component 302 and the pipe connecting component 301. The fins 304 increase the heat dissipation area, and the motor 305 drives the cooling fan (air-cooled heat dissipation) through the mounting base 306 to accelerate the dissipation of heat to the outside. The first support structure 303 cooperates with the base support 307 to firmly fix the heat dissipation device 300 on the base 1. The low-temperature working fluid after expansion and cooling is transferred through one of the working fluids. The transfer pipe 601 enters the plate heat exchanger 500. It should be noted that after the working fluid is compressed at this stage, a small amount of liquefaction will occur. The working fluid channel interface 503 guides the gas-liquid working fluid to flow between the metal plates 505. The metal plates 505, as the core heat exchange component, absorb heat and convert most of the liquid helium back into helium. The working fluid transfer pipe 601 then injects the helium carrying a small amount of liquid into the gas-liquid separator 600 to complete the gas-liquid separation. The fastening component 504 fixes the metal plates 505 to ensure heat exchange efficiency and sealing.

[0050] The separation process of the gas-liquid separator 600 is mainly as follows: after the working fluid enters the main tank cavity 603, gas-liquid separation is achieved by using gravity and flow rate changes. The separated gaseous working fluid continues to participate in the circulation, while the liquid working fluid is temporarily stored in the tank to ensure the purity of the working fluid. The processed helium gas is returned to the main body of the refrigerator 200 by the working fluid transmission pipeline 601. The control system cabinet 4 is arranged on the base 1 and is connected to the main body of the refrigerator 200, the heat dissipation device 300, the plate heat exchanger 500, etc. through pipelines and cables. Integrated sensors monitor the working fluid temperature, pressure, flow rate, motor speed 305, equipment vibration and other parameters in real time. The system uses base 1 as the installation foundation. The main body of the refrigeration unit 200 completes the regenerative process of the working fluid from compression to reheating and then to expansion through the Stirling cycle, realizing the conversion of internal energy and mechanical energy. The heat dissipation device 300 discharges heat from the hot end, the plate heat exchanger 500 outputs cold energy to the load, the gas-liquid separator 600 ensures the purity of the working fluid, and the control system cabinet 4 provides intelligent regulation. All components work together to complete the ultra-low temperature refrigeration task, adapting to the requirements of the marine environment.

[0051] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The upper part of the base (1) is respectively provided with a refrigerator body (200), a heat dissipation device (300), a control system cabinet (4), a plate heat exchanger (500) and a gas-liquid separator (600). The refrigerator body (200) includes a first cooler (206) and a second cooler (208). The outer walls of the first cooler (206) and the second cooler (208) are respectively connected to a first heat exchange chamber (205) and a second heat exchange chamber (209). The outer walls of the first heat exchange chamber (205) and the second heat exchange chamber (209) are connected to a first outer shell (202) and act on the internal components of the first outer shell (202). The outer walls of the first housing (202) are connected to end caps (203) on both sides. A piston assembly (204) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the end cap (203). The outer walls of the first housing (202) are connected to a working fluid pipe (201), and the working fluid pipe (201) acts on the internal components of the first housing (202). The outer walls of the first housing (202) are equipped with a regenerator body (207). The first outer shell (202) has a regenerator mounting cavity (212) inside, the regenerator mounting cavity (212) has a piston movement cavity (213) inside, sleeves (214) are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the regenerator mounting cavity (212), a regenerator core (215) is installed on one side of the outer wall of a set of sleeves (214), and a second outer shell (211) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the first outer shell (202). The inner wall of the piston movement chamber (213) is separated by a support partition (217). Sealing components (218) are installed on both sides of the inner wall of the first outer shell (202), and a set of guide blocks (219) are installed on both sides of the outer wall of the first outer shell (202). A set of crankshafts (220) are rotatably connected between a set of guide blocks (219), a set of bearings (221) are rotatably connected between a set of crankshafts (220), and a gear (222) is rotatably connected to one side of the inner wall of a set of bearings (221) for realizing the circulation of refrigerant and energy conversion; The control system cabinet (4) issues a start command. The heat drive source, namely the ship's waste heat, enters the first outer shell (202) through the second cooler (208) and the second heat exchange chamber (209). Then the crankshaft (220) rotates. The crankshaft (220) is installed in the sleeve (214) of the refrigerator body (200) through the bearing (221), converting the rotational motion into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston assembly (204). The gear (222) is linked with the crankshaft (220) to coordinate the movement of multiple pistons and ensure the synchronization of the cycle. The refrigerator body (200) is stably installed on the base 1 through the base bracket (210). The second outer shell (211) wraps and protects the internal components. The support partition (217) separates the compression chamber and the expansion chamber, providing the physical space basis for the cycle. This cycle uses helium as the working fluid and completes the compression to return within the refrigerator body (200). The regenerative cycle of heating and expansion is followed by the piston assembly (204) reciprocating in the piston movement chamber (213). When the piston moves towards one end of the cylinder, the working fluid in the compression chamber, which is surrounded by the support partition (217), end cap (203), and piston assembly (204), is compressed. The sealing assembly (218) ensures the airtightness between the piston assembly (204) and the cylinder to prevent working fluid leakage. The temperature and pressure of the compressed working fluid increase. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid enters the first heat exchange chamber (205) through the working fluid pipe (201) and then flows into the regenerator body (207) in the regenerator installation chamber (212) through the working fluid guide channel (216). The regenerator core (215) is filled with high specific heat and high thermal conductivity material, which stores the cold energy of the previous cycle. The working fluid exchanges heat with the regenerator core (215), releases heat, and the temperature decreases, preparing for subsequent expansion and refrigeration. After cooling, the working fluid enters the expansion chamber, which is surrounded by the support partition (217), the other end cover (203), and the piston assembly (204). It is opposite to the compression chamber. The piston moves in the opposite direction, and the working fluid expands and does work in the expansion chamber. The temperature and pressure drop sharply, achieving a cooling effect. The heat absorbed in this process comes from the ship's cryogenic tank. The expanded low-temperature working fluid flows through the main body of the regenerator (207) again, absorbing the heat stored in the regenerator core (215). After the temperature rises, it returns to the compression chamber through the working fluid pipe (201) to complete a Stirling cycle.

2. The marine Stirling cryogenic first-stage energy-saving refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation device (300) includes a pipe connection component (301) and a refrigerator connection component (302). The heat dissipation device (300) is connected to the refrigerator body (200) through the pipe connection component (301) and the refrigerator connection component (302).

3. The marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipe connection component (301) and the refrigerator connection component (302) are connected to one side of the outer wall of the first support structure (303). A set of fins (304) are installed on the inner wall of the first support structure (303). A mounting base (306) is connected to one side of the outer wall of the first support structure (303). A motor (305) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the mounting base (306). A base support (307) is installed at the bottom of the first support structure (303). The heat dissipation device (300) is used to dissipate the heat generated by the operation of the equipment to ensure the normal operating temperature of the equipment.

4. The marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control system cabinet (4) is installed on the base (1). The control system cabinet (4) is used to install various electrical components and control systems for the operation of the control equipment, and to realize the regulation of operating parameters and status monitoring of components such as the chiller body (200) and heat dissipation device (300).

5. The marine Stirling cryogenic first-stage energy-saving refrigeration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plate heat exchanger (500) includes a fixed plate (501), a set of connecting rods (502) connecting a set of fixed plates (501), and a set of working fluid channel interfaces (503) opened on both sides of the outer wall of a set of fixed plates (501), which are assembled by metal plates (505) through fastening components (504) to realize heat exchange between different working fluids.

6. The marine Stirling cryogenic first-level energy-saving refrigeration system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gas-liquid separator (600) includes two working fluid transfer pipes (601) for constructing a closed circuit, connecting the refrigerator body (200), plate heat exchanger (500) and gas-liquid separator (600) in series. One side of the outer wall of the working fluid transfer pipe (601) is connected to an interface (602), and a main body tank cavity (603) is installed on one side of the outer wall of the interface (602). A second support structure (604) is installed on the outside of the main body tank cavity (603). The gas-liquid separator (600) is used to separate gas and liquid in the working fluid to ensure the efficient operation of the refrigeration cycle.

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