Portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device and method

Abstract

The invention provides a portable non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device and method, and belongs to the field of soil profile measurement. The device comprises an infrared measuring device, a combined optical axis, an optical axis fixing seat and a folding fixing bracket, the infrared measuring device is arranged on the combined optical axis in a sliding manner, and non-contact accurate nondestructive measurement of the compaction contour of the soil to be measured is realized through an infrared distance measuring sensor arranged on the infrared measuring device; two ends of the combined optical axis are arranged on the optical axis fixing seat, and the combined optical axis comprises a plurality of detachable optical axis units which can be freely assembled to an ideal measurement width; the folding type fixing support is fixed to the optical axis fixing base through threaded connection, the device has the functions of folding, contracting, disassembling and assembling, the size of the device is remarkably reduced, and the device is convenient to carry in the field and rapidly deploy on site. The problems that traditional measuring equipment is large in size, inconvenient to carry and large in measuring error are effectively solved, and wide application value is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of soil profile measurement, and particularly relates to a portable non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the deepening of the process of agricultural mechanization in China, the existing farming and harvesting links have been widely mechanized, significantly improving the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. However, the soil compaction phenomenon caused by frequent operation of agricultural machinery and unreasonable selection of agricultural implements is making the soil structure degrade and the quality of cultivated land decline. Therefore, exploring the compaction effect of agricultural implements on soil has become a key link in reducing soil mechanical compaction. Soil compaction profile, as a direct representation of the compaction effect of agricultural implements on soil, can reflect the compaction degree and distribution characteristics of agricultural implements on soil. Therefore, fast and accurate measurement of soil compaction profile is of great significance for studying soil compaction rules and developing effective soil compaction reduction methods.

[0003] Existing field compaction profile measurement mostly adopts contact measurement method. The field test plowing depth and profile measurement instrument and its measurement method of Chinese invention patent CN107462135A directly contacts the soil surface profile with multiple probes and records the corresponding scale of the probe to obtain soil profile data. However, the soil surface structure will inevitably be damaged during the measurement process of this technology, especially in wet soil conditions, the insertion of the probe causes soil deformation, resulting in a large measurement error. To improve the accuracy of soil surface profile measurement, existing methods have begun to shift to non-contact measurement. The measurement method and device for soil disturbance profile of an agricultural touch soil component of Chinese invention patent CN119437106A uses ultrasonic detection technology to obtain the soil surface profile, achieving non-destructive and accurate measurement. However, the implementation of this technology is complex, the installation of the device is cumbersome, and it is not convenient to carry, which cannot meet the actual needs of fast and accurate measurement of soil compaction profile in the field environment. Therefore, developing a portable non-contact measurement device has important application value for realizing fast and accurate measurement of field soil compaction profile. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a portable non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device, which realizes non-contact accurate measurement of soil compaction profile through an infrared distance measurement module, and all parts are collapsible and detachable, significantly improving the portability and operation friendliness of the measurement device, to solve the problems of cumbersome installation, large size and inconvenient carrying of traditional measurement devices in field tests, and large measurement data error, effectively improving the efficiency and quality of soil compaction profile measurement operation.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions: The utility model provides a portable non -contact soil compaction profile measuring device, including infrared measuring device, two combined optical axes, optical axis fixed seat and folding fixed support, infrared measuring device is arranged on two combined optical axes and slides, and the both ends of combined optical axis are provided with optical axis fixed seat, and the axis of two combined optical axes is parallel and is located on the same horizontal plane, and folding fixed support is connected through screw thread in the bottom of optical axis fixed seat, The infrared measuring device comprises a linear bearing, two infrared distance sensors, a switching power supply, a controller, a level, and a handle.

[0006] The combined optical axis comprises a plurality of detachable optical axis units, one end of the optical axis unit is provided with an internal thread, the other end of the optical axis unit is provided with an external thread, and the adjacent optical axis units are connected and detached through the corresponding internal thread and external thread.

[0007] The optical axis fixed seat comprises an optical axis bearing, a bearing base, and an adjusting bolt, the optical axis bearing is symmetrically arranged on the bearing base, and the adjusting bolt is arranged in the adjusting hole of the optical axis bearing.

[0008] The folding fixed support comprises a connecting rod, a supporting rod, a sliding ring, a foot plate, and a folding connecting rod, the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the bottom of the optical axis fixed seat through the top end, the supporting rod is connected to the connecting rod through the top end thread, the sliding ring is slidingly arranged on the supporting rod, the foot plate is hingedly connected to the bottom of the supporting rod through a pin shaft, one end of the folding connecting rod is hingedly connected to the sliding ring through a pin shaft, and the other end of the folding connecting rod is hingedly connected to the foot plate through a pin shaft.

[0009] The supporting rod is provided with a spring buckle, and the sliding ring is provided with a long hole, when the sliding ring is slid to the bottom end of the supporting rod through the handle, the spring buckle on the supporting rod is just clamped in the long hole.

[0010] A portable non -contact soil compaction profile measuring method, comprising the following steps: S1, according to the soil compaction profile width to be measured, two combined optical axes are assembled to the required measurement width; S2, the infrared measuring device is installed on the two combined optical axes; S3, the optical axis fixed seat is installed at the both ends of the two combined optical axes, and the optical axis bearing is fastened through the adjusting bolt; S4, the connecting rod in the folding fixed support is connected through screw thread on the bearing base, and then the supporting rod is connected through screw thread on the connecting rod; S5, sliding the sliding ring on the support rod downward, so that the foot plate is unfolded to a horizontal state, and the spring buckle is clamped in the long hole; S6, according to the level on the infrared measuring device, adjusting the screw feed amount of the support rod, to ensure that the infrared measuring device is in a horizontal state; S7, sliding the infrared measuring device to one side by operating the handle, starting the switch power supply, and completing the device initialization; S8, the controller obtains the voltage signals of the two infrared distance sensors, and converts them into horizontal distance and vertical distance values according to the calibration curve, and displays them on the controller screen in the form of XY coordinates, the measurement value of the front infrared distance sensor is the X-axis coordinate, and the measurement value of the lower infrared distance sensor is the Y-axis coordinate; S9, starting the data acquisition function of the controller, and sliding the infrared measuring device at a uniform speed on the combined optical axis by operating the handle; S10, when the infrared measuring device slides to the other end of the combined optical axis, the data acquisition function of the controller is turned off, and the coordinate values collected at this time are saved in the SD card built-in the controller in the form of dat; S11, resetting the infrared measuring device to the initial position by operating the handle; S12, repeating the working steps of S7 to S11 to complete the continuous measurement of multiple sections of the soil compaction profile.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The present application uses infrared distance sensors to obtain the soil compaction profile data to be measured, realizes non-contact accurate and non-destructive measurement, and effectively solves the problem of soil surface damage caused by traditional contact measurement method. The device can accurately collect the geometric characteristics of the soil compaction profile, and automatically save the collected data in the form of standard XY coordinates in the SD card built-in the controller, which is convenient for subsequent data reading and writing analysis.

[0012] In the present application, all parts are detachable, which reduces the storage volume of the device, facilitates field carrying and on-site rapid assembly, effectively solves the problem of large volume and inconvenience of traditional measurement equipment, makes the device applicable to various environments, realizes efficient and convenient measurement of soil compaction profiles generated by different agricultural machines, and has wide application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings and detailed embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor, which belong to the scope of protection of the present application. Among them: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the infrared measuring device of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical axis unit of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical axis fixing seat of the present application; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the folding fixing support of the present application.

[0014] The reference signs are as follows: 1, infrared measuring device; 101, linear bearing; 102, infrared distance measuring sensor; 103, switching power supply; 104, controller; 105, level; 106, operating handle; 2, combined optical axis; 201, optical axis unit; 3, optical axis fixing seat; 301, optical axis bearing; 302, bearing base; 303, adjusting bolt; 4, folding fixing support; 401, connecting rod; 402, supporting rod; 403, sliding ring; 404, foot plate; 405, folding connecting rod; 406, spring buckle; 407, long slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0016] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application, comprising an infrared measuring device 1, two combined optical axes 2, an optical axis fixing seat 3, and a folding fixing support 4, the infrared measuring device 1 is slidingly arranged on the two combined optical axes 2, the combined optical axes 2 are provided with the optical axis fixing seat 3 at both ends, the axis lines of the two combined optical axes 2 are parallel to each other and located on the same horizontal plane, and the folding fixing support 4 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat 3; The infrared measuring device 1 comprises a linear bearing 101, an infrared distance sensor 102, a switching power supply 103, a controller 104, a level 105 and an operating handle 106, the infrared distance sensor 102 is arranged horizontally on the front side and below the linear bearing 101 by bolts, the infrared distance sensor 102 on the front side is used to emit infrared light to the optical axis bearing to complete the measurement of the horizontal distance, the infrared distance sensor 102 below emits infrared light to the surface of the soil to be measured at the same time to complete the measurement of the vertical distance, the switching power supply 103 and the controller 104 are installed on the right side and above the linear bearing 101, the switching power supply 103 is responsible for power supply for the infrared distance sensor 102 and the controller 104, the controller 104 is responsible for receiving the voltage signal transmitted by the infrared distance sensor 102, and converting it into horizontal and vertical distance information according to the calibration curve, and displaying it in the form of XY coordinates on the screen of the controller 104, the level 105 and the operating handle 106 are vertically arranged on the left side of the linear bearing 101, the bubble position in the level 105 indicates the horizontal state of the infrared measuring device, and the operating handle 106 is fixed on the linear bearing 101 by threads, which is used to control the movement of the infrared measuring device 1.

[0017] The combined optical axis 2 comprises a plurality of detachable optical axis units 201, each independent optical axis unit 201 is provided with an internal thread at one end and an external thread at the other end, and adjacent optical axis units 201 are connected and detached through corresponding internal threads and external threads. The optical axis fixing seat 3 comprises an optical axis bearing 301, a bearing base 302 and an adjusting bolt 303, the optical axis bearing 301 is symmetrically arranged on the bearing base 302 and forms an integral structure with the bearing base 302, the bearing base 302 is provided with an internal thread hole in the center for connecting with the connecting rod 401, and the adjusting bolt 303 is installed in the adjusting hole of the optical axis bearing 301 for adjusting the fitting gap between the optical axis bearing 301 and the combined optical axis 2 to realize clamping and fixing of the combined optical axis 2; The folding fixing support 4 comprises a connecting rod 401, a supporting rod 402, a sliding ring 403, a foot plate 404 and a folding connecting rod 405; the connecting rod 401 is provided with inner and outer threads at both sides of the shaft end, is connected with the bearing base 302 through the outer thread at the top end, is connected with the supporting rod 402 through the inner thread at the bottom end, and is provided with a proper thread length for adjusting the height of the device from the ground; the sliding ring 403 is slidingly arranged on the supporting rod 402, and is provided with a long hole 407; the supporting rod 402 is provided with a spring buckle 406; when the sliding ring 403 is slid to the bottom end of the supporting rod 402 through the handle, the spring buckle 406 on the supporting rod 402 is just clamped in the long hole 407, so that the sliding ring 403 is fixed and locked; when the spring buckle 406 is pressed, the sliding ring 403 can be slid upward, so that the spring buckle 406 is withdrawn from the long hole 407; the foot plate 404 is hingedly connected to the bottom of the supporting rod 402 through a pin shaft; one end of the folding connecting rod 405 is hingedly connected to the sliding ring 403 through a pin shaft, and the other end of the folding connecting rod 405 is hingedly connected to the foot plate 404 through a pin shaft; when the sliding ring 403 is moved downward, the folding connecting rod 405 is stretched from the vertical state to the horizontal state, so as to drive the foot plate 404 to expand to the horizontal state.

[0018] A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measurement method, comprising the following steps: S1, according to the width of the soil compaction profile to be measured, two combined optical axes 2 are assembled to the required measurement width; S2, the infrared measuring device 1 is installed on the two combined optical axes 2; S3, the optical axis fixing seat 3 is installed at both ends of the two combined optical axes 2, and the optical axis bearing 301 is fastened through the adjusting bolt 303; S4, the connecting rod 401 in the folding fixing support 4 is connected on the bearing base 302 through threads, and then the supporting rod 402 is connected on the connecting rod 401 through threads; S5, the sliding ring 403 on the supporting rod 402 is operated to slide downward, so that the foot plate 404 is expanded to the horizontal state, and the spring buckle 406 is clamped in the long hole 407; S6, according to the indication of the level 105 on the infrared measuring device 1, the thread feed amount of the supporting rod 402 is adjusted to ensure that the infrared measuring device 1 is in the horizontal state; S7, the infrared measuring device 1 is slid to one side by operating the handle 106, the switch power supply 103 is started, and the device initialization is completed; S8, the controller 104 obtains the voltage signals of the two infrared distance sensors 102, and converts them into horizontal distance and vertical distance values according to the calibration curve, which is displayed on the screen of the controller 104 in the form of XY coordinates, the measurement value of the front infrared distance sensor 102 is the X-axis coordinate, and the measurement value of the lower infrared distance sensor 102 is the Y-axis coordinate; S9, start the data acquisition function of the controller 104, and make the infrared measuring device 1 slide horizontally and uniformly on the combined optical axis 2 by operating the handle 106; S10, when the infrared measuring device 1 slides to the other end of the combined optical axis 2, close the data acquisition function of the controller 104, and the coordinate values collected at this time are saved in the dat format to the SD card built in the controller 104; S11, reset the infrared measuring device 1 to the initial position by operating the handle 106; S12, repeat the working steps of S7 to S11 to complete the continuous measurement of multiple sections of the soil compaction profile.

[0019] The above examples are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above examples within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device, characterized by: The invention comprises an infrared measuring device (1), two combined optical axes (2), an optical axis fixing seat (3) and a folding fixing bracket (4), wherein the infrared measuring device (1) is slidably arranged on the two combined optical axes (2), optical axis fixing seats (3) are arranged at both ends of the combined optical axes (2), the axes of the two combined optical axes (2) are parallel to each other and located on the same horizontal plane, and the folding fixing bracket (4) is connected to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat (3) by means of a thread; The infrared measuring device (1) comprises a linear bearing (101), two infrared distance measuring sensors (102), a switching power supply (103), a controller (104), a level (105) and an operating handle (106), wherein the linear bearing (101) is slidably arranged on two combined optical axes (2), the two infrared distance measuring sensors (102) are horizontally arranged on the front side and below the linear bearing (101) by bolts, the switching power supply (103) and the controller (104) are respectively arranged on the right side and above the linear bearing (101), and the level (105) and the operating handle (106) are vertically arranged on the left side of the linear bearing (101).

2. The portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined optical axis (2) comprises multiple sections of detachable optical axis units (201), one end of the optical axis unit (201) is provided with an internal thread, and the other end of the optical axis unit (201) is provided with an external thread, and adjacent optical axis units (201) are connected and disassembled via corresponding internal threads and external threads.

3. The portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical axis fixing seat (3) comprises an optical axis bearing (301), a bearing base (302) and an adjusting bolt (303); the optical axis bearing (301) is symmetrically arranged on the bearing base (302); and the adjusting bolt (303) is arranged in an adjusting hole of the optical axis bearing (301).

4. The portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The foldable fixed bracket (4) comprises a connecting rod (401), a support rod (402), a sliding ring (403), a foot plate (404) and a folding connecting rod (405), wherein the connecting rod (401) is screwed to the bottom of the optical axis fixing seat (3) via a top thread, the support rod (402) is connected to the connecting rod (401) via a top thread, the sliding ring (403) is slidably arranged on the support rod (402), the foot plate (404) is hinged to the bottom of the support rod (402) via a pin, one end of the folding connecting rod (405) is hinged to the sliding ring (403) via a pin, and the other end of the folding connecting rod (405) is hinged to the foot plate (404) via a pin.

5. The portable non-contact soil compaction profile measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support rod (402) is provided with a spring buckle (406), and the sliding ring (403) is provided with a long hole (407). When the sliding ring (403) is slid to the bottom end of the support rod (402) through the handle on the sliding ring (403), the spring buckle (406) on the support rod (402) is just stuck in the long hole (407).

6. A portable non-contact soil compaction profile measurement method, using the portable non-contact soil compaction profile measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Assemble two combined optical axes (2) to the required measurement width according to the width of the soil compaction profile to be measured; S2, installing the infrared measuring device (1) on two combined optical axes (2); S3, installing the optical axis fixing seat (3) at both ends of the two combined optical axes (2), and tightening the optical axis bearing (301) by adjusting the bolt (303); S4, connecting the connecting rod (401) in the foldable fixed bracket (4) to the bearing base (302) through threads, and then connecting the support rod (402) to the connecting rod (401) through threads; S5. The sliding ring (403) on the operating support rod (402) slides downward, so that the foot plate (404) is unfolded to a horizontal state, and the spring buckle (406) is clamped in the long hole (407); S6. According to the indication of the level meter (105) on the infrared measuring device (1), adjust the thread feed of the support rod (402) to ensure that the infrared measuring device (1) is in a horizontal state; S7, by operating the handle (106), slide the infrared measuring device (1) to one side, start the switch power supply (103), and complete the device initialization; S8, the controller (104) obtains the voltage signals of the two infrared distance sensors (102), and converts them into horizontal distance and vertical distance values ​​according to the calibration curve, and displays them on the controller (104) screen in the form of XY coordinates, where the measurement value of the front infrared distance sensor (102) is the X-axis coordinate and the measurement value of the lower infrared distance sensor (102) is the Y-axis coordinate; S9, starting the data acquisition function of the controller (104), and operating the handle (106) to make the infrared measuring device (1) slide horizontally and uniformly on the combined optical axis (2); S10, when the infrared measuring device (1) slides to the other end of the combined optical axis (2), the data acquisition function of the controller (104) is turned off, and the coordinate values ​​collected at this time are saved in the SD card built into the controller (104) in the dat format; S11, resetting the infrared measuring device (1) to an initial position by operating the handle (106); S12. Repeat the working steps from S7 to S11 to complete the continuous measurement of multiple sections of the soil compaction profile.

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