Comprehensive experiment instrument for measuring sound velocity and viscosity coefficient of liquid

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of college physics experiment devices, and discloses a liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experiment instrument, which comprises a test bed, a cylindrical container, a timing automatic release device, an ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transmitting and receiving integrated probe, an ultrasonic reflection circular plate, a reflection circular plate height control rod and a host, the timed automatic release device further comprises a small ball container, a falling ball funnel and a timed pusher; an ultrahigh-frequency ultrasonic transceiving integrated probe is mounted in the center of the inner bottom surface of the cylindrical container; the reflection circular plate height control rod can vertically penetrate through the ball falling funnel and is detachably connected with the ultrasonic reflection circular plate at the lower side rod end of the control rod. According to the invention, not only can the propagation velocity of ultrasonic waves in liquid be measured by using a reflection method, but also the viscosity coefficient of the liquid can be measured by using a falling ball method, and compared with an original instrument adopting a photoelectric door timing method, the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the experiment success rate is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of university physics experiment devices, and more particularly to a liquid sound speed and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experiment instrument. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sound speed refers to the speed of sound wave propagation in a medium, which is an important parameter in acoustics. Sound speed measurement can be used for calibration and detection of gas mass flow meters. By measuring the sound speed in a gas, the mass flow of the gas can be calculated, which is used for industrial process control and monitoring. Sound speed measurement can also be used for rock cohesion measurement in geotechnical engineering. By measuring the sound speed, the porosity and pore connection in the rock can be understood, so as to evaluate the mechanical properties and stability of the rock. In the medical field, sound speed measurement is widely used in ultrasonic imaging. By measuring the propagation speed of sound waves in human tissues, ultrasonic imaging images of human tissues can be generated for diagnosis and treatment. In addition, by measuring the propagation time and distance of the leakage sound in the pipeline, the location and size of the leakage point can be determined, and timely repair measures can be taken. By measuring the sound speed of different materials, the acoustic properties of the materials can be understood, so as to optimize the design and application of the materials. However, the current sound speed measurement is usually measured by reflection method, time difference method, standing wave method and phase comparison method, which is operated as an independent experimental content.

[0003] The measurement of liquid viscosity coefficient is usually determined by the falling ball method. This experimental method has the advantages of intuitive phenomenon and clear principle, and has become a classic method of basic physics experiment in colleges and universities. This method is suitable for transparent or semi-transparent liquids with high viscosity. In this experiment, other quantities can be measured accurately and conveniently, but the time measurement of the uniform motion of the small ball is not easy to measure accurately. The simplest way is to select a uniform motion interval and measure the motion time with a stopwatch, but the manual timing error of the stopwatch is large. Another more accurate timing method is to use a photoelectric gate timing. The main working principle is to build a photoelectric gate by two laser beams. The small ball will block the light twice during the falling process, and the time of the small ball passing through the two laser beams can be obtained, and then the time of the uniform falling of the small ball can be accurately obtained. However, the instrument using the photoelectric gate timing method has the following defects in the actual experimental operation process:

[0004] 1. The instrument needs to be manually released, which is time-consuming and laborious, and if the release position is not fixed, it will affect the light blocking timing;

[0005] 2. Since the laser beam is thin, it is easy to scatter when passing through the liquid, making it difficult for the laser receiver to receive. At the same time, the two laser beams must be kept in the same vertical plane, and the release position of the small ball must also be ensured in the corresponding vertical plane, so that the small ball can successfully block the two laser beams when falling to complete the timing, resulting in complicated instrument adjustment and low success rate of falling ball operation.

[0006] 3. The experiment requires that the ball moves in a uniform motion, but how to ensure that the ball moves at a uniform speed between the photoelectric gates is not specifically explained;

[0007] 4. The instrument is only equipped with one size of container, and the processing of the liquid with a non-infinite depth is corrected by a theoretical formula, but the influence of the container size on the viscosity coefficient under the non-infinite depth condition cannot be explored.

[0008] At the same time, in the university physics experiment, the measurement of the liquid viscosity coefficient and the measurement of the sound velocity belong to two different experimental contents, and two independent experimental devices are needed to complete them, which also increases the unnecessary burden of the experimental space layout and the experimental cost. SUMMARY

[0009] Therefore, the present application provides a liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experiment instrument, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:

[0010] A liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experiment instrument, comprising a test table, a cylindrical container, a timing automatic release device, an ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe, an ultrasonic reflection round plate, a reflection round plate height control rod and a host computer.

[0011] The test table comprises a bottom support table, a support frame mounted on the upper surface of the bottom support table, a top plate with a circular hole mounted on the top of the support frame, and the cylindrical container is placed on the bottom support table; the cylindrical container is open at the top and made of transparent material;

[0012] The timing automatic release device comprises a ball container, a ball falling funnel mounted on the circular hole of the top plate, a timing pusher capable of pushing the ball in the ball container into the ball falling funnel according to the set time interval, and the circular hole of the top plate is opposite to the middle of the upper opening of the cylindrical container;

[0013] The ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe is installed at the center of the inner bottom surface of the cylindrical container; the reflection round plate height control rod can vertically pass through the ball falling funnel and be detachably connected with the ultrasonic reflection round plate at the lower side of the rod end; the ultrasonic reflection round plate extends into the liquid to be measured in the cylindrical container through the top opening of the cylindrical container, and the ultrasonic reflection round plate is parallel to the bottom of the cylindrical container; the reflection round plate height control rod is temporarily connected at the ball falling funnel and the connection height is adjustable;

[0014] The host computer is arranged outside the test table, and the host computer is provided with a power switch, a timing automatic release control system electrically connected with the timing automatic release device, and an ultrasonic control processing system electrically connected with the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe.

[0015] Preferably, the timing pusher comprises a timing controller and a direct-current electric push rod, the timing controller is electrically connected with the timing automatic release control system and a direct-current motor in the direct-current electric push rod respectively; the timing automatic release control system is pre-set with a push rod time interval, a push distance and a push rod number, then the timing controller controls the direct-current motor to drive the push rod in the direct-current electric push rod to move forward by a set distance, and the push rod is automatically returned after moving the set distance, and the next push rod action is performed after waiting for a set time interval, and the cycle is repeated until the set push rod number is completed; the timing controller can also control the direct-current electric push rod to forcibly stop the push rod action in the middle.

[0016] Preferably, a small ball container with a top opening is arranged between the falling ball funnel and the timing pusher, and a plurality of small balls can be vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the small ball container; a push rod insertion port is formed on the side of the small ball container towards the timing pusher, and a small ball push-out port is formed on the side of the small ball container towards the falling ball funnel, and the push rod insertion port and the small ball push-out port are oppositely arranged.

[0017] Preferably, a scale is installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical container to measure the distance between the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe and the ultrasonic reflection round plate.

[0018] Preferably, a circular hole through which the small ball can pass is formed on one side of the bottom of the cylindrical container, and a vertical and top-opening communication pipe is connected to the outside of the circular hole, the communication pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylindrical container, and a magnet can be attracted to the outer wall of the communication pipe.

[0019] Preferably, the cylindrical container has multiple specifications with different column width sizes, and different specifications of the cylindrical container are selected to explore the influence of non-infinite depth and width on the liquid viscosity coefficient.

[0020] Preferably, the cylindrical container is made of high-transparency acrylic plate material.

[0021] Preferably, the diameter of the ultrasonic reflection round plate is 2 / 3 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical container.

[0022] Preferably, a bolt hole is formed on the outer wall of the lower side of the falling ball funnel, a jacking bolt is correspondingly installed on the bolt hole, and the jacking bolt can abut against the outer peripheral wall of the reflection round plate height control rod; a circular groove is formed in the center of the upper top surface of the ultrasonic reflection round plate, and the lower end of the reflection round plate height control rod can be fitted into or threadedly connected into the circular groove.

[0023] Preferably, a level is also installed on the bottom support table of the test bench.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the liquid sound speed and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experiment instrument has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The application creatively applies ultrasonic waves to measure the liquid viscosity coefficient, integrates mechanics and thermology, and greatly expands the experimental content. Meanwhile, compared with the original instrument using photoelectric gate timing method, the operation of the experimental instrument is more convenient, and the experimental success rate is greatly improved.

[0026] 2. The application combines the liquid sound velocity measuring device and the liquid viscosity coefficient measuring device, so that two different experiments can be performed by one device, which saves cost and laboratory space while ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0027] 3. The application designs a timing automatic release device, which saves manpower and makes the falling position of the ball more controllable. Moreover, the timing automatic release device can control the falling position and time of multiple balls at the same time, which can reduce the error caused by manual operation of the original experimental instrument.

[0028] 4. The application can explore the influence of non-infinite depth on the liquid viscosity coefficient by selecting cylindrical containers with different column width sizes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without creative labor on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a front view structural diagram of the device when the comprehensive experimental instrument of the application performs liquid sound velocity measurement experiment.

[0031] Figure 2 It is an axial structure diagram of the device when the comprehensive experimental instrument of the application performs liquid sound velocity measurement experiment.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a front view structural diagram of the device when the comprehensive experimental instrument of the application performs liquid viscosity coefficient measurement experiment.

[0033] Figure 4 It is an axial structure diagram of the device when the comprehensive experimental instrument of the application performs liquid viscosity coefficient measurement experiment.

[0034] In the figure: 1-test bench, 2-cylindrical container, 3-ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe, 4-ultrasonic reflection round plate, 5-reflection round plate height control rod, 6-main machine, 7-bottom support table, 8-support frame, 9-top plate, 10-falling ball funnel, 11-ball container, 12-timed pusher, 13-ball, 14-communication pipe, 15-bolt hole, 16-tightening bolt, 17-level. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Embodiments of the present application are described below in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference signs represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0038] Embodiments:

[0039] Based on the deficiencies of the liquid viscosity coefficient measuring instrument and the integration of related experimental instruments and equipment, the present embodiment proposes a liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measuring comprehensive experimental instrument, which can not only measure the propagation velocity of ultrasonic waves in the liquid by reflection method, but also measure the viscosity coefficient of the liquid by falling ball method.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1-4 The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measuring comprehensive experimental instrument includes a test bench 1, a cylindrical container 2, a timed automatic release device, an ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe 3, an ultrasonic reflection round plate 4, a reflection round plate height control rod 5, and a main machine 6.

[0041] The test table 1 comprises a bottom support table 7, a support frame 8 installed on the upper surface of the bottom support table 7, a top plate 9 installed on the top of the support frame 8 and having a circular hole, and the cylindrical container 2 is placed on the bottom support table 7; the top of the cylindrical container 2 is open and made of transparent material; in this embodiment, the cylindrical container 2 is made of high-transparency acrylic plate material.

[0042] The timing automatic release device comprises a ball container 11, a falling ball funnel 10 installed at the circular hole of the top plate, and a timing pusher 12 capable of pushing the balls 13 in the ball container 11 into the falling ball funnel 10 according to a set time interval; in this embodiment, the ball container 11 and the timing pusher 12 are detachably installed on the top plate 9.

[0043] The timing automatic release device provided in this embodiment can improve the convenience and accuracy of releasing the balls 13 by adding the timing pusher 12 and the corresponding ball container 11 on the basis of the prior art.

[0044] The lower part of the circular hole of the top plate is opposite to the middle part of the upper opening of the cylindrical container 2, so that in the liquid viscosity coefficient measurement experiment, the lower part of the falling ball funnel 10 is opposite to the center of the upper opening of the cylindrical container 2, thereby making the falling ball funnel 10 play a role in assisting the positioning of the balls 13.

[0045] The inner bottom surface center of the cylindrical container 2 is installed with an ultrahigh-frequency ultrasonic transceiver probe 3 capable of emitting high-frequency ultrasonic pulse; the reflection circular plate height control rod 5 can vertically pass through the falling ball funnel 10 and detachably connect the ultrasonic reflection circular plate 4 at the lower side rod end of the control rod; the ultrasonic reflection circular plate 4 extends into the liquid to be measured in the cylindrical container 2 through the top opening of the cylindrical container 2, and the ultrasonic reflection circular plate 4 is parallel to the bottom of the cylindrical container 2; the reflection circular plate height control rod 5 is temporarily connected at the falling ball funnel 10 and the connection height is adjustable.

[0046] The diameter of the ultrasonic reflection circular plate in this embodiment is specifically 2 / 3 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical container, and the ultrasonic reflection circular plate 4 is preferably made of aluminum. At the same time, a bolt hole 15 is opened on the lower outer wall of the falling ball funnel 10, and a jacking bolt 16 is correspondingly installed on the bolt hole 15; the jacking bolt 16 can abut against the outer peripheral wall of the reflection circular plate height control rod 5, so as to temporarily fix the reflection circular plate height control rod 5 at the falling ball funnel 10; loosening the jacking bolt 16 can adjust the connection height of the reflection circular plate height control rod 5 at the falling ball funnel 10, thereby adjusting the distance of the ultrasonic reflection circular plate 4 extending into the liquid to be measured in the cylindrical container 2; a circular groove is opened at the center of the upper top surface of the ultrasonic reflection circular plate 4, and the lower side rod end of the reflection circular plate height control rod 5 can be adaptively embedded in the circular groove or threadedly connected in the circular groove.

[0047] The host 6 is arranged outside the test table, and the host 6 is provided with a power switch, a timing automatic release control system electrically connected with the timing automatic release device, and an ultrasonic control processing system electrically connected with the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe 3. In addition, the host 6 is also provided with a power indicator light and the like.

[0048] In a further specific embodiment, the timing pusher 12 comprises a timing controller and a direct current electric push rod, the timing controller is electrically connected with the timing automatic release control system in the host 6 and a direct current motor in the direct current electric push rod respectively; the timing automatic release control system is pre-set with a push rod time interval, a push distance and a push rod number, and then the timing controller controls the direct current motor to drive the push rod in the direct current electric push rod to move forward by a set distance, and automatically returns after moving a specified distance, and waits for a set time interval before the next push rod action, and repeats until the set push rod number is completed.

[0049] In addition, the timing controller can also control the direct current electric push rod to forcibly stop the push rod action in the middle.

[0050] At the same time, the small ball container 11 with a top opening is arranged between the falling ball funnel 10 and the timing pusher 12, and a plurality of small balls 13 can be vertically arranged in the inner cavity of the small ball container 11; a push rod inlet is formed on the side of the small ball container 11 towards the timing pusher, and a small ball outlet is formed on the side of the small ball container 11 towards the falling ball funnel, the push rod inlet and the small ball outlet are oppositely arranged, and the push rod can push the lowest small ball 13 in the small ball container 11 into the funnel, and after the lowest small ball is pushed away, the small ball above falls by itself to continue the timing push.

[0051] Before the experiment, the required small balls 13 are first loaded in the small ball container 11 with a top opening, and the time interval for pushing the small balls is set, and the falling ball funnel 10 is installed, and then the small balls 13 can be made to fall from the same position during the experiment, and the falling interval time is the same.

[0052] The design of the timing automatic release device in the embodiment not only saves the experimental time, but also improves the accuracy of the experiment, so that the experiment can be carried out more efficiently.

[0053] In the embodiment, a scale (not shown in the figure) is also installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical container 2, and in combination with the fact that the cylindrical container 2 is a transparent container, the distance between the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe 3 and the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4 can be easily obtained.

[0054] The experimental principle on which the liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument in the embodiment is based is as follows:

[0055] (1) Liquid ultrasonic sound velocity measurement principle:

[0056] Using an integrated transceiver ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic waves are generated by excitation pulses, and propagate through the liquid to the reflector to form reflected waves, which are then returned and received by the receiver. By measuring the time difference t from the transmission to the reception of the ultrasonic wave, the formula Calculate the propagation speed of ultrasound in the liquid, where d is the distance between the probe and the target object.

[0057] (2) Principle of measuring liquid viscosity coefficient by falling ball method:

[0058] A metal ball of mass m and volume V slowly settles in a viscous liquid of density ρ0. At the same time, the liquid satisfies the conditions of infinite depth and width. There are three forces acting on the system: the weight of the ball F a = mg, buoyancy F b =ρ0gV and the viscous resistance f of the liquid. The viscous resistance is caused by the internal friction of the liquid. According to Stokes' law, the viscous resistance f at this time is:

[0059] f=6πηυr

[0060] Where η is the viscosity of the liquid, υ is the speed of the falling ball, and r is the radius of the ball.

[0061] The falling of a ball in a liquid can be divided into two processes. The first is the acceleration process, in which gravity is greater than the sum of buoyancy and resistance. However, as the speed of the ball increases, the resistance also increases. The acceleration decays as the speed increases until it reaches the second process, the equilibrium stage. At this time, gravity is equal to the sum of buoyancy and resistance, achieving a three-force balance, and the ball begins to fall at a uniform speed.

[0062]

[0063] In fact, the container holding the liquid has a certain size and depth. The liquid is not infinitely deep and wide. Suppose the height of the liquid in the cylinder with a radius of R0 is h, and the diameter of the ball is d. Then, if the influence of the wall is taken into account and the ball descends along the central axis of the cylinder, the formula is corrected to:

[0064]

[0065] It can be seen that measuring the speed of the ball when it falls at a uniform speed is the key to this experiment.

[0066] Based on the above liquid ultrasonic sound velocity measurement principle, the specific method of measuring the propagation velocity of ultrasonic waves in the liquid to be measured using the pulse echo method in this embodiment is as follows:

[0067] (1) An ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver probe 3 is first installed at the center of the inner bottom surface of a cylindrical container 2, and then a certain amount of liquid to be tested is placed in the cylindrical container 2;

[0068] (2) Put the reflection round plate height control rod 5 through the falling ball funnel 10, and connect the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4 with the size of 2 / 3 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical container to the bottom end of the reflection round plate height control rod, adjust the connection height of the reflection round plate height control rod 5 at the falling ball funnel 10, so that the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4 is placed in the liquid to be measured from above the center of the cylindrical container, and keeps parallel with the bottom of the cylindrical container;

[0069] (3) The ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe 3 emits high frequency ultrasonic pulses upward, and the ultrasonic waves will propagate upward, and when the ultrasonic waves reach the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4, they will be reflected back to the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe 3 by the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4. By measuring the time difference between the transmission signal and the reception signal, and then reading the distance between the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe 3 and the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4 through the scale on the cylindrical container 2, the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in the liquid to be measured can be calculated;

[0070] (4) The position of the ultrasonic reflection round plate 4 in the liquid to be measured can be adjusted by the reflection round plate height control rod 5 multiple times, and the above step (3) is repeated accordingly. After obtaining multiple propagation speed values of ultrasonic waves in the liquid to be measured, the average value is calculated to reduce the experimental error.

[0071] It is known that in the measurement of liquid viscosity coefficient, the measurement of uniform speed of the falling ball is particularly important. Generally, the experimental instrument measures the time of uniform motion of the ball by photoelectric timing device, and the speed of uniform motion of the ball is obtained by measuring the distance between two laser beams. However, due to the small diameter of the experimental ball and the thin laser beam, the failure rate of triggering the photoelectric timing is high, so the speed of uniform motion of the ball cannot be measured.

[0072] In order to accurately measure the speed of uniform motion of the ball, the embodiment selects to directly measure the speed of the ball by ultrasonic reflection.

[0073] Based on the above principle of measuring the liquid viscosity coefficient by the falling ball method, the specific method for measuring the liquid viscosity coefficient by the ultrasonic wave in this embodiment is as follows: an ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving integrated probe at the center of the bottom surface of the cylindrical container transmits high frequency ultrasonic wave pulses upward, and a small ball is released from above the central axis of the container by a timing automatic release device. After the small ball enters the liquid to be measured, it reflects ultrasonic waves in the falling process, and the reflected ultrasonic waves are finally received by the probe. The ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving integrated probe can calculate the real-time distance from the probe to the small ball according to the time difference between ultrasonic wave transmission and reception, combined with the measured propagation speed value of the ultrasonic wave in the liquid to be measured. Since the ultrahigh frequency ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving integrated probe transmits high frequency ultrasonic wave pulses at the same time interval, the real-time distance of the small ball is continuously measured twice, and the average speed between the two distances can be calculated according to the time interval (the time interval between the two ultrasonic wave pulses).

[0074] After the above multiple measurements and calculations, multiple sets of instantaneous speed of the small ball falling can be obtained.

[0075] The above method in this embodiment is completely different from the general method of first measuring the time of the small ball movement and then obtaining the speed data of the small ball movement by the distance of the uniform speed movement of the small ball. According to the above method in this embodiment, the speed data of the small ball at different positions in the movement process can be directly obtained, and the accurate speed data of the uniform speed movement of the small ball can be obtained.

[0076] After the small ball is released, it is in free fall before contacting the liquid surface, and it is in deceleration movement and then in uniform speed movement after contacting the liquid surface. Since the solution is not infinitely deep, the speed of the small ball will further decrease when it approaches the bottom of the container. Therefore, the speed of the small ball is not constant during the whole falling process. The viscosity coefficient measurement experiment requires to measure the speed of a certain distance of uniform speed movement of the small ball in the falling process. As long as the instantaneous speed of the small ball at different positions in the falling process is obtained, it can be judged which interval is the interval of uniform speed movement. In this embodiment, the speed of the small ball in the falling process is obtained by continuously measuring the distance of the small ball at two time intervals, and it can be judged which interval is the interval of uniform speed movement by the instantaneous speed of the small ball at different positions in the falling process.

[0077] In a further specific embodiment, a circular hole capable of passing the small ball is formed on one side of the bottom of the cylindrical container 2, and a vertical and top-open communication pipe 14 is connected to the outside of the cylindrical container. The communication pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylindrical container, and a magnet (not shown in the figure) can be attracted to the outer wall of the communication pipe 14.

[0078] In the embodiment, the small balls 13 falling to the bottom of the cylindrical container can be recycled by magnetic attraction, and the circular hole at the bottom of the cylindrical container and the communicating pipe 14 together form a communicating vessel. Specifically, after the experiment is completed, the magnet can be attracted to the lower side of the outer wall of the communicating pipe 14, and the magnet can suck the small balls 13 out of the communicating vessel channel, and then the magnet is controlled to slide upward to finally take out the small balls 13 from the top opening of the communicating pipe 14.

[0079] If the small balls 13 are directly sucked out of the cylindrical container 2 by the magnet, this process will cause bubbles in the liquid in the cylindrical container 2, which will affect the experimental results. The indirect recovery of the small balls 13 by the communicating pipe 14 on one side in the embodiment effectively avoids this situation.

[0080] The cylindrical container 2 in the embodiment has multiple specifications with different column width sizes, and the operator can select different specifications of the cylindrical container 2 and measure the viscosity coefficients under different container sizes to explore the influence of the non-infinite depth of the liquid on the measurement.

[0081] In further specific embodiments, in order to ensure the levelness of the bottom support table 7 and the accuracy of the final experimental data, the test bench 1 is also provided with a level 17 on the bottom support table 7.

[0082] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0083] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A comprehensive experimental instrument for measuring liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient, characterized in that: It includes a test bench, a cylindrical container, a timed automatic release device, an ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver probe, an ultrasonic reflecting circular plate, a reflecting circular plate height control lever, and a host; The test bench includes a bottom support platform, a support frame installed on the upper surface of the bottom support platform, and a top plate installed on the top of the support frame and having a circular hole. The cylindrical container is placed on the bottom support platform; the top of the cylindrical container is open and made of transparent material; The timed automatic release device includes a ball container, a ball drop funnel installed at the circular hole of the top plate, and a timer pusher capable of pushing the balls in the ball container into the ball drop funnel according to a set time interval. The bottom of the circular hole of the top plate is directly opposite to the middle of the upper opening of the cylindrical container. An ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver probe is installed at the center of the inner bottom surface of the cylindrical container. A reflective plate height control rod can vertically pass through the ball-dropping funnel and is detachably connected to the ultrasonic reflective plate at the lower end of the control rod. The ultrasonic reflective plate extends through the top opening of the cylindrical container into the liquid to be tested in the cylindrical container, and the ultrasonic reflective plate remains parallel to the bottom of the cylindrical container. The reflective plate height control rod is temporarily connected at the ball-dropping funnel, and the connection height is adjustable. The main unit is arranged outside the test bench and is provided with a power switch, a timing automatic release control system electrically connected to the timing automatic release device, and an ultrasonic control processing system electrically connected to the ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe.

2. A comprehensive experimental instrument for measuring liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing pusher includes a timing controller and a DC electric push rod. The timing controller is electrically connected to the timing automatic release control system and the DC motor in the DC electric push rod respectively; the timing automatic release control system pre-sets the push rod time interval, advancement distance and number of push rods, and then the timing controller controls the DC motor to drive the push rod in the DC electric push rod to move forward a set distance, automatically returns to its position after moving the specified distance, waits for the set time interval to perform the next push rod action, and repeats until the set number of push rods is completed; the timing controller can also control the DC electric push rod to forcefully stop the push rod action midway.

3. A comprehensive experimental instrument for measuring liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ball container with an opening at the top is arranged between the ball falling funnel and the timing pusher, and the inner cavity of the ball container can accommodate a plurality of balls in a vertical arrangement; the lower part of the ball container is provided with a push rod insertion port facing the timing pusher, and a ball ejection port facing the ball falling funnel, and the push rod insertion port and the ball ejection port are arranged opposite to each other.

4. The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scale for measuring the distance between the ultra-high frequency ultrasonic transceiver integrated probe and the ultrasonic reflecting circular plate is installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical container.

5. The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular hole for the ball to pass through is provided on one side of the bottom of the cylindrical container. A vertical connecting pipe with an open top is connected to the outside of the circular hole. The connecting pipe is fixed to the outer wall of the cylindrical container, and the outer wall of the connecting pipe can attract a magnet.

6. The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Cylindrical containers have various specifications with different column widths. By selecting cylindrical containers of different specifications, the influence of non-infinite depth and width on the viscosity coefficient of liquid is explored.

7. A comprehensive experimental instrument for measuring liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical container is made of highly transparent acrylic sheet material.

8. The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the ultrasonic reflecting circular plate is 2 / 3 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical container.

9. The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bolt hole is provided on the lower outer wall of the ball falling funnel, and a tightening bolt is installed corresponding to the bolt hole. The tightening bolt can tighten the outer peripheral wall of the reflection circular plate height control rod; a circular groove is provided at the center of the upper top surface of the ultrasonic reflection circular plate, and the lower rod end of the reflection circular plate height control rod can be adapted to be embedded in the circular groove or threadedly connected to the circular groove.

10. The liquid sound velocity and viscosity coefficient measurement comprehensive experimental instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: A level is also installed on the bottom support platform of the test bench.

Images