Hinge assembling device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hinge assembling device and method. The hinge assembling device comprises an indexing rotating table, and five jigs are distributed on the edge of the table top of the indexing rotating table at equal angles; left hinge piece assembling parts which are used for outputting left hinge pieces one by one, adjusting the poses of the left hinge pieces to be matched with the jigs and then pushing the left hinge pieces to the jigs are sequentially arranged at the positions, corresponding to the five jigs, of the periphery of the indexing rotating table; the right hinge piece assembling part is used for outputting right hinge pieces one by one, adjusting the poses of the right hinge pieces to be matched with the jig and then pushing the right hinge pieces to the jig, the mandrel assembling part is used for inserting a mandrel into shaft holes of the two overlapped hinge pieces, and the shaft cap assembling part is used for inserting two shaft caps into the two ends of the mandrel correspondingly. The hinge collecting part is used for unloading the hinge from the jig; the indexing rotary table is used for intermittently rotating to drive the jigs to be sequentially switched among different assembling stations. According to the hinge assembling device, full-process automatic assembling of hinges can be achieved, the applicability is good, and it can be guaranteed that hinge pieces are accurately positioned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of automated assembly technology of hardware tools, and relates to a hinge assembly device and assembly method. Background Technology

[0002] Hinges connect two objects and allow them to rotate relative to each other. They are typically bi-fold hinges, commonly found on doors and windows, and are used to open doors and windows to a certain angle. Ordinary hinges have a simple structure, usually consisting of a pair of hinge pieces connected by a spindle. During production and assembly, the spindle is typically inserted into the shaft holes of the pair of hinge pieces, and then shaft caps are inserted at both ends of the spindle, allowing the pair of hinge pieces to rotate and connect.

[0003] In the hinge production process, assembly is the final step in forming the product, and the current assembly method for hinges is mainly manual. Although manual assembly does not require equipment investment, the assembly efficiency is low and cannot meet the needs of mass production.

[0004] CN221134762U discloses an automatic hinge assembly device, but it has the following problems:

[0005] 1) This device can only assemble two-piece hinges, which has poor applicability;

[0006] 2) The feeding and positioning of the first sheet at the first station requires manual placement of the first sheet in the first sheet feeding track. Similarly, the insertion of the second sheet into the hinge pin at the third station also requires manual placement of the second sheet in the second sheet feeding track, resulting in low automation.

[0007] 3) The first pair of roller feeding devices are installed at the first through slot at the feed end of the first sheet feeding track via the first bracket. The first pair of roller feeding devices drive the first sheet forward in the first sheet feeding track. After passing through the first through slot, the first sheet loses the power to continue moving forward and cannot be accurately fed into the trough by inertia alone, that is, the first sheet cannot be accurately positioned. Similarly, the second pair of roller feeding devices are installed at the second through slot at the feed end of the second sheet feeding track via the third bracket. The second pair of roller feeding devices drive the second sheet forward in the second sheet feeding track. After passing through the second through slot, the second sheet loses the power to continue moving forward and cannot be accurately fed into the trough by inertia alone, that is, the second sheet cannot be accurately inserted into the hinge pin. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: The first purpose of this invention is to address the problems of poor applicability, low automation, and inaccurate positioning of hinge pieces in existing hinge assembly devices, and to provide a hinge assembly device with good applicability, fully automated assembly process, and the ability to ensure accurate positioning of hinge pieces; the second purpose of this invention is to provide a hinge assembly method.

[0009] Technical Solution: A hinge assembly device of the present invention includes an indexing rotary table, on which five fixtures are evenly distributed at angles along the edge of the table surface; around the indexing rotary table, corresponding to the positions of the five fixtures, a left hinge assembly component, a right hinge assembly component, a spindle assembly component, a shaft cap assembly component, and a hinge collection component are sequentially arranged to form different assembly stations; the indexing rotary table is used to rotate intermittently to drive the fixtures to switch sequentially between different assembly stations; the left hinge assembly component is used to output left hinge pieces one by one, adjust the position of the left hinge pieces to adapt to the fixtures, and then push them onto the fixtures; the right hinge assembly component is used to output right hinge pieces one by one, adjust the position of the right hinge pieces to adapt to the fixtures, and then push them onto the fixtures, stacking them on top of the left hinge pieces; the spindle assembly component is used to insert the spindle into the shaft holes of the stacked hinge pieces; the shaft cap assembly component is used to insert two shaft caps into the two ends of the spindle respectively; the hinge collection component is used to remove the hinges from the fixtures;

[0010] The hinge assembly includes a linearly arranged hinge separation assembly, a belt conveyor, and a pose adjustment assembly. The hinge separation assembly outputs the hinges one by one longitudinally onto the belt conveyor. A hinge pose detection assembly is transversely mounted on the belt conveyor to detect four poses of the hinges on the belt conveyor. A hinge ejection cylinder is located on one side of the belt conveyor to eject hinges with two poses that do not meet the requirements from the belt conveyor based on the pose recognition results. The pose adjustment assembly is used to eject the remaining two poses... The hinge pieces with the required orientation are adjusted to an orientation suitable for the fixture. A pushing component is arranged on one side of the belt conveyor and the orientation adjustment component to push the hinge pieces with the orientation to be adjusted onto the orientation adjustment component, and then push the hinge pieces with the adjusted orientation onto the fixture. The right hinge assembly component and the left hinge assembly component have the same structure. The platform of the right hinge assembly component is higher than the platform of the left hinge assembly component by the thickness of the flat plate of the left hinge piece, so that when the right hinge piece is pushed onto the fixture, it can overlap the left hinge piece.

[0011] Furthermore, the hinge piece separation assembly includes a separation barrel, in which a slightly tapered separation turntable is rotatably disposed, and the space above the separation turntable in the separation barrel is used to accommodate the hinge pieces to be separated; the side of the separation barrel has a discharge port that allows only the hinge pieces to pass through longitudinally one by one; and a separation motor for driving the separation turntable to rotate is disposed below the separation barrel.

[0012] Furthermore, the hinge pose detection component includes a portal frame, with a first proximity switch and a second proximity switch respectively installed on both sides of the portal frame. A first laser ranging sensor and a second laser ranging sensor are installed on the top beam of the portal frame. The two laser ranging sensors are used to detect the distance between themselves and the flat plate of the hinge when the proximity switch near the shaft hole of the hinge is triggered. Based on the distance difference and the distance between the two laser ranging sensors, the inclination of the flat plate of the hinge relative to the top surface of the belt conveyor is determined. The pose of the hinge is determined based on the inclination and the triggered proximity switch.

[0013] Furthermore, the pushing component includes a pushing motor and a pushing drive plate that moves linearly under the drive of the pushing motor; a servo motor is mounted on the pushing drive plate, and a P-shaped pushing plate is mounted on the output end of the servo motor. The servo motor drives the P-shaped pushing plate to swing, switching the P-shaped pushing plate to a horizontal state to push the hinge piece, or switching it to a vertical state.

[0014] The posture adjustment assembly includes an adjustment bracket, on the top surface of which a first bearing plate is mounted. A circular groove is formed at the end of the first bearing plate near the belt conveyor, and a rotating circular plate is rotatably disposed in the groove. The upper surfaces of the rotating circular plate and the first bearing plate are at the same height. An adjustment motor for driving the rotating circular plate to rotate is installed at the bottom of the adjustment bracket. Guide strips are symmetrically installed on both sides of the first bearing plate. The two guide strips extend from the rotating circular plate to the end of the first bearing plate away from the belt conveyor, and the distance between the two guide strips gradually decreases to adapt to the length of the hinge piece, so as to cooperate with the P-shaped push plate to achieve accurate positioning of the hinge piece.

[0015] Furthermore, the mandrel assembly includes a mandrel supply assembly and a mandrel pushing assembly. The mandrel pushing assembly includes a cantilever plate that switches back and forth between a mandrel receiving position and a mandrel mounting position. The cantilever plate is equipped with a mandrel pushing mechanism and a fixing rod, and the front end of the cantilever plate has a semi-circular arc groove that is adapted to the mandrel. The mandrel supply assembly is used to output a mandrel onto the semi-circular arc groove when the cantilever plate is in the mandrel receiving position. The mandrel pushing mechanism is used to push the mandrel on the semi-circular arc groove into the shaft hole of the two overlapping hinge pieces when the cantilever plate is in the mandrel mounting position. The fixing rod is used to position the end of the mandrel that passes through the shaft hole of the two hinge pieces.

[0016] Furthermore, the mandrel supply assembly includes a mandrel ramp placement platform. A third push rod, which can slide up and down, is inserted through the bottom surface of the mandrel ramp placement platform. A third double-rod cylinder is fixedly installed below the third push rod to drive it to move back and forth between a high position and a low position. The top surface of the third push rod has a quarter-circular groove adapted to the mandrel. A ramp is provided on the side of the semi-circular groove at a position corresponding to the mandrel ramp placement platform, and the slope of the ramp is consistent with the slope of the mandrel ramp placement platform. When the cantilever plate is in the mandrel receiving position, the rear surface of the ramp is in contact with the front surface of the mandrel ramp placement platform. During the process of the third push rod moving from a low position to a high position, it lifts the mandrel, allowing it to roll down onto the semi-circular groove by its own weight via the ramp. During the process of the third push rod moving from a high position to a low position, the mandrel in the mandrel ramp placement platform rolls sequentially a distance equal to one mandrel diameter.

[0017] Furthermore, the bearing cap assembly includes a fifth telescopic cylinder, a fifth guide rail, and a concave plate. The concave plate is slidably mounted on a pair of fifth guide rails and can move back and forth under the drive of the fifth telescopic cylinder. The front end of the concave plate has a rectangular notch for accommodating a fixture. On the concave plate, a bearing cap carrier box and a fourth telescopic cylinder are arranged on both sides of the rectangular notch. The bearing cap carrier box has a horizontal section, an inclined section, and a vertical section connected in sequence. Through holes are machined on both sides of the front end of the horizontal section of the bearing cap carrier box. Several bearing caps are stacked in the bearing cap carrier box. The piston rod end of the fourth telescopic cylinder is aligned with the through hole on the corresponding bearing cap carrier box, and is used to push out the bearing cap and insert it into the mandrel.

[0018] Furthermore, the shaft cap assembly also includes an anti-tilting component, which includes a fourth double-rod cylinder installed in a recess in the middle of the concave plate and a support plate that can be raised and lowered under the drive of the fourth double-rod cylinder; support rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the support plate, and a support piece is fixed to the front end of the support rod. The upper end of the support piece is provided with a semi-circular groove adapted to the small cylinder of the shaft cap; the support rod is set in the horizontal strip groove of the concave plate and can move up and down in the horizontal strip groove. The support piece can extend out of the vertical strip opening of the concave plate to lift the small cylinder of the shaft cap, so that the small cylinder of the shaft cap can be partially inserted into the mandrel; or it can be completely retracted into the vertical strip opening so that the small cylinder of the shaft cap can be fully inserted into the mandrel.

[0019] Furthermore, the hinge collecting component is located below the indexing rotary table, including a fifth double-rod cylinder and a fifth push rod installed at the end of the piston rod of the fifth double-rod cylinder; the fixture includes a seventh bracket and a seventh bearing plate, the surface of which is machined with a groove, the diameter of which is consistent with the outer diameter of the shaft hole of the left hinge piece, and the central axis of the groove is higher than the thickness of the flat plate of one left hinge piece on the upper surface of the seventh bearing plate; the seventh bearing plate is rotatably mounted on the seventh bracket via a seventh rotating shaft, and torsion springs are provided at both ends of the seventh rotating shaft; the indexing rotary table is provided with notches at the positions of each fixture for the fifth push rod to pass through; the fifth push rod is used to push the seventh bearing plate to flip, so that the hinge slides off the fixture; the torsion springs are used to reset the seventh bearing plate when the fifth push rod retracts.

[0020] A hinge assembly method according to the present invention, using the aforementioned hinge assembly device, includes the following steps:

[0021] 1) The indexing rotary table rotates, and the fixture is switched to the left hinge plate installation station. The left hinge plate assembly component pushes the left hinge plate into the fixture.

[0022] The hinge separation assembly outputs the left hinges one by one longitudinally onto the belt conveyor; the hinge pose detection assembly detects the pose of the left hinges on the belt conveyor; the hinge ejection cylinder ejects the left hinges whose poses do not meet the requirements from the belt conveyor; the pose adjustment assembly adjusts the left hinges whose poses meet the requirements to a pose adapted to the fixture; the pushing assembly pushes the left hinges whose poses meet the requirements onto the pose adjustment assembly, and then pushes the left hinges whose poses have been adjusted onto the fixture;

[0023] 2) The indexing rotary table rotates, and the fixture is switched to the right hinge plate installation station. The right hinge plate assembly component pushes the right hinge plate into the fixture.

[0024] The process of pushing the right hinge into the fixture is the same as that of pushing the left hinge into the fixture;

[0025] 3) The indexing rotary table rotates, and the fixture is switched to the mandrel installation station. The mandrel assembly component inserts the mandrel into the shaft holes of the stacked left and right hinge plates.

[0026] 4) The indexing rotary table rotates, the fixture is switched to the shaft cap installation station, and the shaft cap assembly component inserts the two shaft caps into the two ends of the mandrel respectively;

[0027] 5) The indexing rotary table rotates, the fixture is switched to the unloading station, and the hinge collection component removes the hinge from the fixture.

[0028] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0029] 1) This device can assemble both the upper and lower halves of the hinge, as well as the left and right halves of the hinge, making it highly adaptable.

[0030] 2) By making full use of the size and structural characteristics of the left and right hinges, the separation, position detection, screening, position adjustment and pushing of the left and right hinges are realized. The pushing process can avoid the problem of the hinge conveying power being interrupted and thus unable to be accurately positioned.

[0031] 3) It fully utilizes the structural characteristics of the mandrel to achieve mandrel separation;

[0032] 4) The anti-tilting component designed according to the structural characteristics of the shaft cap ensures that the shaft cap is inserted into both ends of the mandrel;

[0033] 5) The seventh support plate of the fixture is rotatably mounted on the seventh bracket via the seventh pivot. The hinge collection component pushes the seventh support plate of the fixture to rotate around the seventh pivot, and uses the hinge's own gravity to make the hinge slide off the fixture for collection. Compared with the traditional robotic gripping method, the structure of the device is simplified. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge assembly device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left hinge assembly component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge separation assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hinge piece separation component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 These are schematic diagrams illustrating various positions of the left hinge piece on the belt conveyor in embodiments of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge pose detection component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left hinge in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the push component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A;

[0043] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the pose adjustment component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the pose adjustment component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the mandrel assembly component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the mandrel supply assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the mandrel supply assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the mandrel push-mount assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the cantilever plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 17 This is a structural schematic diagram of the shaft cap assembly component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 Enlarged view of point A;

[0052] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-tilt component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the concave plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 21 yes Figure 20 Enlarged view of point A;

[0055] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-tilt principle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 23 yes Figure 22 Enlarged view of point A;

[0057] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge collecting component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 26 yes Figure 25 Enlarged view of point A. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] Appendix Figures 1 to 26 The accompanying figure labels are as follows:

[0062] 1. Left hinge assembly; 11. Hinge separation assembly; 111. Separation bracket; 112. Separation bucket; 113. Separation turntable; 114. Discharge port; 115. First ball bearing; 116. Roller; 117. Separation motor; 12. Belt conveyor; 13. Hinge pose detection assembly; 131. First proximity switch; 132. First laser rangefinder sensor; 133. Second laser rangefinder sensor; 134. Gantry bracket; 135. Second proximity switch; 4. Pushing assembly; 141. Pushing bracket; 142. P-shaped push plate; 143. Pushing motor; 144. Pushing screw; 145. Pushing drive plate; 146. Servo motor; 147. First slider; 148. First guide rail; 15. Attitude adjustment assembly; 151. Adjustment bracket; 152. Rotary circular plate; 153. Guide bar; 154. Drive rod; 155. Second ball bearing; 156. First bearing plate; 157. Adjustment motor; 158. Adjustment motor mounting plate;

[0063] 2. Right hinge assembly component;

[0064] 3. Mandrel assembly components; 31. Mandrel supply assembly; 311. Mandrel inclined placement platform; 312. Third push rod; 313. Third double-rod cylinder; 314. Cylinder mounting plate; 32. Mandrel push assembly; 321. Third frame; 322. Third guide bar; 323. Third rodless cylinder; 324. Cantilever plate; 324.1. Inclined platform; 324.2. Semi-circular groove; 325. Fixing rod; 326. Fourth rodless cylinder; 327. 7-shaped push rod;

[0065] 4. Shaft cap assembly; 41. Fourth frame; 42. Fourth telescopic cylinder; 43. Concave plate; 43.1. Slot; 43.2. Upper lug; 43.3. Horizontal strip groove; 43.4. Vertical strip opening; 44. Shaft cap bearing box; 45. Anti-tilt assembly; 451. Support plate; 452. Support rod; 453. Fourth double-rod cylinder; 454. Flange-mounted linear bearing; 455. Support plate; 456. Flange-mounted guide rod; 46. Fifth guide rail; 47. Fifth telescopic cylinder;

[0066] 5. Hinge collecting component; 51. Fifth double-rod cylinder; 52. Fifth push rod; 53. T-shaped bracket;

[0067] 6. Indexing rotary table;

[0068] 7. Fixture; 71. Seventh support; 72. Seventh bearing plate; 73. Torsion spring; 74. Seventh pivot;

[0069] 01, Left hinge; 01.1, Flat plate; 01.2, Shaft hole; 03, Mandrel; 04, Shaft cap;

[0070] 011, position one; 012, position two; 013, position three; 014, position four; 015, position five.

[0071] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a hinge assembly device, including an indexing rotary table 6. Five fixtures 7 are evenly distributed along the edge of the table surface of the indexing rotary table 6. Around the indexing rotary table 6, corresponding to the positions of the five fixtures 7, a left hinge assembly component 1, a right hinge assembly component 2, a spindle assembly component 3, a shaft cap assembly component 4, and a hinge collecting component 5 are sequentially arranged to form different assembly stations. The indexing rotary table 6 is used for intermittent rotation to drive the fixtures 7 to sequentially switch between different assembly stations. The left hinge assembly component 1 is used for… The left hinge piece 01 is output one by one, and its position is adjusted to adapt to the fixture 7 before being pushed onto the fixture 7; the right hinge piece assembly component 2 is used to output the right hinge piece one by one, and its position is adjusted to adapt to the fixture 7 before being pushed onto the fixture 7, overlapping the left hinge piece 01; the spindle assembly component 3 is used to insert the spindle 03 into the shaft hole of the overlapping two hinge pieces; the shaft cap assembly component 4 is used to insert two shaft caps 04 into the two ends of the spindle 03 respectively; the hinge collection component 5 is used to remove the hinge from the fixture 7.

[0072] The structure of each component of the hinge assembly device will be described in detail below.

[0073] (I) Left hinge assembly component 1

[0074] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the left hinge assembly component 1 includes a hinge separation assembly 11, a belt conveyor 12, a hinge pose detection assembly 13, a hinge ejection cylinder (not shown), a pushing assembly 14, and a pose adjustment assembly 15. The hinge separation assembly 11, the belt conveyor 12, and the pose adjustment assembly 15 are arranged linearly. The hinge pose detection assembly 13 spans across the belt conveyor 12. The hinge ejection cylinder is located on one side of the belt conveyor 12, and the pushing assembly 14 is located on one side of the belt conveyor 12 and the pose adjustment assembly 15.

[0075] Hinge piece separation assembly 11 is used to separate the left hinge pieces 01 one by one longitudinally (longitudinal refers to the length direction of the left hinge piece 01, such as...). Figure 2As shown, the left hinge 01 and the belt conveyor 12 are aligned in their length directions and output to the belt conveyor 12. The hinge pose detection component 13 is used to detect the pose of the left hinge 01 on the belt conveyor 12. There are four poses of the left hinge 01 on the belt conveyor 12, including pose one 011, pose two 012, pose three 013, and pose four 014. The hinge ejection cylinder is used to push the left hinge 01 on the belt conveyor 12 in pose two 012 and pose four 014 according to the pose recognition result. The left hinge 01 in positions two 012 and four 014 is pushed to the position adjustment component 15 by the belt conveyor 12. The pushing component 14 is used to push the left hinge 01 in positions one 011 and three 013 on the belt conveyor 12 to the position adjustment component 15. The position adjustment component 15 is used to adjust the left hinge 01 in positions one 011 and three 013 to a posture that is compatible with the fixture 7, namely position five 015. The left hinge 01 after the position adjustment is then pushed onto the fixture 7 by the position adjustment component 15.

[0076] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the hinge separation assembly 11 includes a separation bracket 111 and a separation drum 112. Four rollers 116 are arranged in a circumferential array on the top of the separation bracket 111. A slightly tapered separation turntable 113 is positioned on top of the four rollers 116. A separation motor 117 is mounted on the bottom of the separation bracket 111. The output shaft of the separation motor 117 passes upward through the separation bracket 111 and is connected to the central drive shaft of the separation turntable 113 via a coupling. The separation drum 112 is fixed to the top of the separation bracket 111. The separation turntable 113 is disposed within the separation drum 112. Circular grooves are machined around the perimeter of the separation turntable 113, and several first ball bearings 115 are disposed within these grooves to rotatably engage with the inner wall of the separation drum 112. Figure 4 Only one first ball bearing 115 is schematically shown in the diagram. The space above the separating turntable 113 in the separating barrel 112 is used to accommodate the left hinge piece 01 to be separated. The separating barrel 112 has a discharge port 114 on its side, which, due to size limitations, allows only one left hinge piece 01 to pass through longitudinally at a time.

[0077] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the hinge pose detection assembly 13 includes a first proximity switch 131, a first laser rangefinder 132, a second laser rangefinder 133, a portal frame 134, and a second proximity switch 135. The first proximity switch 131 and the second proximity switch 135 are respectively mounted on both sides of the portal frame 134, and the first laser rangefinder 132 and the second laser rangefinder 133 are mounted on the top beam of the portal frame 134. The left hinge 01 includes a flat plate 01.1 and a shaft hole 01.2, and the top surface of the flat plate 01.1 of the left hinge 01 is coplanar with the central axis of the shaft hole 01.2.

[0078] When the left hinge 01 on the belt conveyor 12 passes the hinge pose detection component 13, the first proximity switch 131 or the second proximity switch 135 near the shaft hole 01.2 is triggered. At this time, the two laser range sensors detect the distance between themselves and the flat plate 01.1 of the left hinge 01. Based on the distance difference and the distance between the two laser range sensors, the inclination of the flat plate 01.1 of the left hinge 01 relative to the top surface of the belt conveyor 12 is determined. Furthermore, based on the inclination and the triggered proximity switch, the pose of the left hinge 01 is determined. For example, the first proximity switch 131 can trigger the left hinge 01 in pose one 011 or pose two 012. The inclination of the left hinge 01 in pose two 012 is greater than that of the left hinge 01 in pose one 011. Based on this, pose one 011 and pose two 012 can be accurately distinguished.

[0079] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the pushing assembly 14 includes a pushing bracket 141, a P-shaped pushing plate 142, a pushing motor 143, a pushing screw 144, a pushing drive plate 145, a servo motor 146, and a first guide rail 148. The first guide rail 148 is mounted on the top surface of the pushing bracket 141. The pushing screw 144 is mounted on the top surface of the pushing bracket 141 via a bearing seat and is located directly above the first guide rail 148. The pushing motor 143 is located at one end of the top surface of the pushing bracket 141, and the output shaft of the pushing motor 143 is connected to the pushing screw 144 via a coupling. The pushing drive plate 145 has a threaded hole, which is fitted with the pushing screw 144 for installation. The bottom surface of the pushing drive plate 145 is fixedly connected to the first slider 147 on the first guide rail 148. The P-shaped push plate 142 is rotatably mounted in the top slot of the push drive plate 145. A servo motor 146 is mounted on one side of the push drive plate 145, and the output shaft of the servo motor 146 is connected to the rod end of the P-shaped push plate 142. When the output shaft of the servo motor 146 swings, it drives the P-shaped push plate 142 to swing, switching between horizontal and vertical states. When the output shaft of the push motor 143 rotates, it drives the push drive plate 145 and the P-shaped push plate 142 mounted on it to move along the first guide rail 148. At this time, if the P-shaped push plate 142 is in a horizontal state, it can push the left hinge piece 01.

[0080] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the posture adjustment assembly 15 includes an adjustment bracket 151, a rotating circular plate 152, a guide bar 153, a first support plate 156, and an adjustment motor 157. The adjustment motor 157 is mounted inside the adjustment bracket 151 via an adjustment motor mounting plate 158. A through hole is machined on the top surface of the adjustment bracket 151 near the belt conveyor 12, and a groove is machined around the through hole. Second ball bearings 155 are arranged in a circular array within the groove. The first support plate 156 is mounted on the top surface of the adjustment bracket 151. A circular groove is formed on the end of the first support plate 156 near the belt conveyor 12, and the groove is coaxial with the through hole on the top surface of the adjustment bracket 151. The diameter of the circular groove is the same as the diameter of the rotating circular plate 152, which is positioned within the circular groove of the first support plate 156. The upper surfaces of both are at the same height.

[0081] The bottom surface of the rotary disc 152 is machined with irregularly shaped blind holes, and a groove is machined around the irregularly shaped blind holes on the bottom surface of the rotary disc 152. The groove on the bottom surface of the rotary disc 152 engages with the second ball bearing 155 in the groove on the top surface of the adjusting bracket 151, thereby rotatably mounting the rotary disc 152 on the top surface of the adjusting bracket 151. The output shaft of the adjusting motor 157 passes through a through hole on the top surface of the adjusting bracket 151. A drive rod 154 is mounted on the output shaft of the adjusting motor 157. The cross-sectional shape of the drive rod 154 is consistent with the shape of the irregularly shaped blind holes, and the drive rod 154 is inserted into the irregularly shaped blind holes. When the output shaft of the adjusting motor 157 rotates, it drives the rotary disc 152 to rotate on the top surface of the adjusting bracket 151.

[0082] Guide strips 153 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the first bearing plate 156. The two guide strips 153 extend from the rotating circular plate 152 to the end of the first bearing plate 156 away from the belt conveyor 12. The distance between the two guide strips 153 gradually decreases to match the length of the left hinge piece 01, so as to cooperate with the P-shaped push plate 142 to achieve accurate positioning of the left hinge piece 01.

[0083] When the left hinge 01 in position one 011 or position three 013 is pushed by the push component 14 onto the rotary plate 152 of the position adjustment component 15, the rotary plate 152 rotates 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise (viewed from above) under the drive of the adjustment motor 157, adjusting the left hinge 01 in position one 011 or position three 013 to position five 015.

[0084] (II) Right hinge assembly component 2

[0085] The right hinge assembly component 2 and the left hinge assembly component 1 have basically the same structure. The difference is that the table surface of the right hinge assembly component 2 is higher than the table surface of the left hinge assembly component 1 by the thickness of the flat plate 01.1 of the left hinge 01, so that when the right hinge is pushed onto the fixture 7, it can overlap the left hinge 01.

[0086] (III) Mandrel Assembly Component 3

[0087] like Figure 12 As shown, the mandrel assembly component 3 includes a mandrel supply component 31 and a mandrel pushing component 32. The mandrel supply component 31 is used to separate the mandrels 03 arranged together and output them one by one to the mandrel pushing component 32. The mandrel pushing component 32 is used to push the mandrels 03 into the shaft holes of the left hinge piece 01 and the right hinge piece stacked together.

[0088] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the mandrel supply assembly 31 includes a mandrel ramp placement platform 311, a third push rod 312, and a third double-rod cylinder 313. The mandrel ramp placement platform 311 has a rectangular through hole machined at its bottom surface. The third double-rod cylinder 313 is mounted inside the front end of the mandrel ramp placement platform 311 via a cylinder mounting plate 314. The bottom surface of the third push rod 312 is fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod of the third double-rod cylinder 313, and the third push rod 312 is located directly below the rectangular through hole on the mandrel ramp placement platform 311. The top surface of the third push rod 312 has a quarter-circle groove adapted to the mandrel 03. The third double-rod cylinder 313 can drive the third push rod 312 to move up and down within the rectangular through hole, achieving high and low position switching.

[0089] like Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the mandrel pushing assembly 32 includes a third frame 321, a third guide bar 322, a third rodless cylinder 323, a cantilever plate 324, a fixing rod 325, and a mandrel pushing mechanism. The mandrel pushing mechanism includes a fourth rodless cylinder 326 and a 7-shaped pushing rod 327. The third rodless cylinder 323 is installed at the center of the top surface of the third frame 321. Two third guide bars 322 are symmetrically mounted on the top surface of the third frame 321 via guide bar mounting seats. The cantilever plate 324 is fixedly connected to the linear bearings on the two third guide bars 322, and also fixedly connected to the slider of the third rodless cylinder 323. Thus, the third rodless cylinder 323 can drive the cantilever plate 324 to move back and forth, realizing the switching of the cantilever plate 324 between the mandrel receiving position and the mandrel mounting position.

[0090] The cantilever plate 324 has a semi-circular groove 324.2 at its front end, which is adapted to the mandrel 03. A ramp 324.1 is provided on the side of the semi-circular groove 324.2 at a position corresponding to the mandrel ramp placement platform 311, and the slope of the ramp 324.1 is consistent with the slope of the mandrel ramp placement platform 311. A fourth rodless cylinder 326 is installed at the front end of the cantilever plate 324 and located on one side of the semi-circular groove 324.2. A 7-shaped push rod 327 is installed on the slider of the fourth rodless cylinder 326. The fixing rod 325 has a multi-segment bent structure and is installed on the front end of the cantilever plate 324 near the ramp 324.1.

[0091] (iv) Bearing assembly component 4

[0092] like Figures 17-18 As shown, the shaft cap assembly 4 includes a fourth frame 41, a concave plate 43, an anti-tilt component 45, a fifth guide rail 46, and a fifth telescopic cylinder 47. Two fifth guide rails 46 are mounted parallel to each other on the top surface of the fourth frame 41. The concave plate 43 is fixedly connected to the sliders on the two fifth guide rails 46. The fifth telescopic cylinder 47 is installed at the middle position of the rear end of the top surface of the fourth frame 41, and the end of the piston rod of the fifth telescopic cylinder 47 is connected to a lug 43.2 on the concave plate 43. When the piston rod of the fifth telescopic cylinder 47 extends or retracts, it drives the concave plate 43 to move back and forth along the fifth guide rail 46.

[0093] The concave plate 43 has a rectangular notch at its front end to accommodate the fixture 7. On both sides of the rectangular notch, a set of axle cap support boxes 44 and a set of fourth telescopic cylinders 42 are arranged on the concave plate 43. The axle cap support box 44 has a horizontal section, an inclined section, and a vertical section connected in sequence. Several axle caps 04 are stacked in the axle cap support box 44, each axle cap 04 comprising a large cylindrical disk and a small cylinder. Square through holes are opened on both sides at the front end of the horizontal section of the axle cap support box 44. The side length of the square through holes is the same as the diameter of the large cylindrical disk of the axle cap 04, allowing the axle caps 04 to pass through. The piston rod end of the fourth telescopic cylinder 42 is aligned with the square through hole on the corresponding axle cap support box 44, used to push the axle cap 04 out and insert it into the mandrel 03. It should be noted that the shape of the through holes on the front side of the horizontal section of the axle cap support box 44 is not limited to square; for example, it can also be circular, as long as the axle cap 04 can pass through.

[0094] like Figure 19As shown, the anti-tilt assembly 45 includes a support plate 451, a support rod 452, a fourth double-rod cylinder 453, a flanged linear bearing 454, a support plate 455, and a flanged guide rod 456. Two flanged guide rods 456 are installed on the recess 43.1 in the middle of the concave plate 43, and each flanged guide rod 456 is fitted with a flanged linear bearing 454. The support plate 455 is fixedly connected to the flanged linear bearing 454. The fourth double-rod cylinder 453 is installed on the recess 43.1 via a cylinder mounting bracket, and the end of the piston rod of the fourth double-rod cylinder 453 is fixedly connected to the support plate 455. Two support rods 452 are fixedly connected to both sides of the support plate 455, and the front ends of the two support rods 452 are respectively inserted with support plates 451. When the piston rod of the fourth double-rod cylinder 453 extends or retracts, it causes the support plates 451 to descend or ascend.

[0095] like Figures 20 to 23 As shown, the upper end of the support plate 451 is provided with a semi-circular groove, the diameter of which is the same as the diameter of the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04. The concave plate 43 has a horizontal strip groove 43.3 and a vertical strip opening 43.4, wherein the vertical strip opening 43.4 connects to the bottom surface of the horizontal section of the shaft cap bearing box 44. The support rod 452 is disposed in the horizontal strip groove 43.3 and can move up and down within it. The support plate 451 is installed in the vertical strip opening 43.4.

[0096] When the fourth telescopic cylinder 42 pushes the shaft cap 04 out of the shaft cap carrier box 44 through the square through hole to begin inserting it into the mandrel 03, in order to prevent the shaft cap 04 from tilting, the piston rod of the fourth double-rod cylinder 453 retracts, driving the support plate 451 to rise. The support plate 451 extends out from the vertical strip opening 43.4 of the concave plate 43, supporting the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04. When part of the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04 is inserted into the mandrel 03, the piston rod of the fourth double-rod cylinder 453 extends, driving the support plate 451 to fall, so that the support plate 451 is completely retracted into the vertical strip opening 43.4 of the concave plate 43, so that the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04 can be completely inserted into the mandrel 03.

[0097] (V) Hinge collection component 5 and jig 7

[0098] The hinge collecting component 5 is arranged below the indexing rotary table 6. For example... Figure 24 As shown, the hinge collecting component 5 includes a fifth double-rod cylinder 51, a fifth push rod 52, and a T-shaped bracket 53. The fifth double-rod cylinder 51 is mounted on the T-shaped bracket 53, and the fifth push rod 52 is mounted on the end of the piston rod of the fifth double-rod cylinder 51. The extension and retraction of the piston rod of the fifth double-rod cylinder 51 drives the push rod 52 to move up and down.

[0099] like Figure 25 and 26As shown, the fixture 7 includes a seventh support 71 and a seventh bearing plate 72. The surface of the seventh bearing plate 72 is machined with a groove. The diameter of the groove is consistent with the outer diameter of the shaft hole 01.2 of the left hinge piece 01. The central axis of the groove is higher than the thickness of the flat plate 01.1 of the left hinge piece 01 on the upper surface of the seventh bearing plate 72. The seventh bearing plate 72 is rotatably mounted on the seventh support 71 via a seventh rotating shaft 74. Torsion springs 73 are provided at both ends of the seventh rotating shaft 74. The torsion springs 73 keep the bottom surface of the seventh bearing plate 72 and the top surface of the seventh support 71 in a close fit without external force.

[0100] The indexing rotary table 6 has a notch at the position of each fixture 7 for the fifth push rod 52 to pass through.

[0101] This invention also provides a hinge assembly method using the hinge assembly device described in this invention. The hinge assembly method includes the following steps:

[0102] 1) The indexing rotary table 6 rotates, and the fixture 7 is switched to the left hinge plate installation station. The left hinge plate assembly component 1 pushes the left hinge plate 01 into the fixture 7.

[0103] 1-1) The separation motor 117 of the hinge plate separation assembly 11 rotates, driving the separation turntable 113 to rotate at high speed. Under the action of centrifugal force, the left hinge plate 01 flows out from the discharge port 114 of the separation barrel 112 in sequence, and slides onto the belt conveyor 12 in posture one 011, posture two 012, posture three 013 or posture four 014.

[0104] 1-2) The belt conveyor 12 drives the left hinge 01 to move. When the left hinge 01 reaches the hinge pose detection component 13, the hinge pose detection component 13 detects the pose of the left hinge 01 on the belt conveyor 12. When the left hinge 01 is in pose two 012 or pose four 014, the hinge ejection cylinder ejects it out of the belt conveyor 12.

[0105] 1-3) The pushing component 14 pushes the left hinge piece 01 on the belt conveyor 12, which is in position one 011 or position three 013, to the position adjustment component 15, and the position adjustment component 15 adjusts the left hinge piece 01 in position one 011 or position three to position five 015.

[0106] 1-4) Push component 14 then pushes the left hinge piece 01, after its pose adjustment, onto fixture 7.

[0107] 2) The indexing rotary table 6 rotates, and the fixture 7 is switched to the right hinge plate installation station. The right hinge plate assembly component 2 pushes the right hinge plate 02 into the fixture 7.

[0108] The process of pushing the right hinge into fixture 7 is the same as that of pushing the left hinge 01 into fixture 7.

[0109] 3) The indexing rotary table 6 rotates, the fixture 7 is switched to the mandrel installation station, and the mandrel assembly component 3 inserts the mandrel 03 into the shaft holes of the left hinge 01 and the right hinge;

[0110] 3-1) The third rodless cylinder 323 drives the cantilever plate 324 to move backward to the mandrel receiving position. At this time, the rear surface of the inclined platform 324.1 is in contact with the front surface of the mandrel inclined placement platform 311.

[0111] 3-2) The piston rod of the third double-rod cylinder 313 extends, and the third push rod 312 moves from the low position to the high position, lifting the mandrel 03 at the bottom of the mandrel ramp placement platform 311. Under the action of the mandrel 03's own weight, the lifted mandrel 03 rolls down the ramp 324.1 into the semi-circular arc groove 324.2.

[0112] 3-3) The piston rod of the third double-rod cylinder 313 retracts, the third push rod 312 moves from the high position to the low position, and the mandrel 03 placed on the mandrel ramp placement platform 311 rolls in sequence a distance equal to the diameter of one mandrel 03.

[0113] 3-4) The third rodless cylinder 323 drives the cantilever plate 324 forward to the mandrel installation position. At this time, the central axis of the mandrel 03 in the semi-circular groove 324.2 coincides with the central axis of the shaft holes of the left hinge plate 01 and the right hinge plate on the fixture 7.

[0114] 3-5) The fourth rodless cylinder 326 drives the slider and the 7-shaped push rod 327 mounted on the slider to move, pushing the mandrel 03 in the semi-circular groove 324.2 into the shaft holes of the left hinge 01 and the right hinge on the fixture 7; the end of the fixing rod 325 is located on the other side of the shaft holes of the two hinges, and is used to position the mandrel 03 at one end that passes through the shaft holes of the two hinges, so as to achieve precise installation of the mandrel 03;

[0115] 3-6) The fourth rodless cylinder 326 drives the slider and the 7-shaped push rod 327 mounted on the slider to move back to the initial position; the third rodless cylinder 323 drives the cantilever plate 324 to move backward and return to the spindle receiving position.

[0116] 4) The indexing rotary table 6 rotates, the fixture 7 is switched to the shaft cap installation station, and the shaft cap assembly component 4 inserts the two shaft caps 04 into the two ends of the mandrel 03 respectively;

[0117] 4-1) The piston rod of the fifth telescopic cylinder 47 extends, driving the concave plate 43 to move forward, so that the rectangular notch of the concave plate 43 "encloses" the fixture 7. At this time, the central axis of the square through hole of the shaft cap bearing box 44 coincides with the central axis of the spindle 03 on the fixture 7.

[0118] 4-2) The piston rod of the fourth double-rod cylinder 453 retracts, causing the support plate 451 to rise. The support plate 451 extends out from the vertical strip opening 43.4 of the concave plate 43, and the support plate 451 lifts the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04.

[0119] 4-3) The piston rods of the two fourth telescopic cylinders 42 extend and push the shaft cap 04 to move, so that a part of the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04 is inserted into the mandrel 03;

[0120] 4-4) The piston rod of the fourth double-rod cylinder 453 extends, driving the support plate 451 to descend, so that the support plate 451 is completely retracted into the vertical strip opening 43.4 of the concave plate 43;

[0121] 4-5) The piston rods of the two fourth telescopic cylinders 42 continue to extend, pushing the shaft cap 04 to move, so that the small cylinder of the shaft cap 04 is fully inserted into the mandrel 03;

[0122] 4-6) The piston rods of the two fourth telescopic cylinders 42 retract, and the axle caps 04 in the axle cap bearing box 44 move forward in sequence under their own gravity;

[0123] 4-7) The piston rod of the fifth telescopic cylinder 47 retracts, causing the concave plate 43 to move backward. The rectangular notch of the concave plate 43 moves away from the fixture 7 and returns to the initial position.

[0124] 5) The indexing rotary table 6 rotates, the fixture 7 is switched to the unloading station, and the hinge collection component 5 pushes the assembled hinge out of the fixture 07;

[0125] 5-1) The fifth double-rod cylinder 51 extends, driving the fifth push rod 52 to move upward, gradually pushing the seventh bearing plate 72 of the fixture 7 to rotate around the seventh pivot 74 until the hinge slides out of the fixture 7;

[0126] 5-2) The fifth double-rod cylinder 51 retracts, causing the fifth push rod 52 to move downward. Under the action of the torsion spring 73, the seventh bearing plate 72 of the fixture 7 flips and resets in the opposite direction around the seventh rotating shaft 74.

Claims

1. A hinge assembly device, characterized in that, The assembly includes an indexing rotary table (6), with five fixtures (7) evenly distributed along the edge of the table surface; around the indexing rotary table (6), corresponding to the positions of the five fixtures (7), are arranged a left hinge assembly component (1), a right hinge assembly component (2), a spindle assembly component (3), a shaft cap assembly component (4), and a hinge collection component (5), forming different assembly stations; the indexing rotary table (6) is used for intermittent rotation to drive the fixtures (7) to switch sequentially between different assembly stations; the left hinge assembly component (1) is used for... The left hinge pieces are output one by one, and after adjusting their position to match the fixture (7), they are pushed onto the fixture (7); the right hinge piece assembly component (2) is used to output the right hinge pieces one by one, and after adjusting their position to match the fixture (7), they are pushed onto the fixture (7) and stacked above the left hinge pieces; the mandrel assembly component (3) is used to insert the mandrel into the shaft hole of the stacked two hinge pieces; the shaft cap assembly component (4) is used to insert the two shaft caps into the two ends of the mandrel respectively; the hinge collection component (5) is used to remove the hinges from the fixture (7); The hinge assembly includes a linearly arranged hinge separation assembly (11), a belt conveyor (12), and a pose adjustment assembly (15). The hinge separation assembly (11) is used to longitudinally output the hinges one by one onto the belt conveyor (12). A hinge pose detection assembly (13) is transversely arranged on the belt conveyor (12) to detect four poses of the hinges on the belt conveyor (12). A hinge ejection cylinder is arranged on one side of the belt conveyor (12) to adjust the position of the hinges. According to the pose recognition results, the hinge pieces with two poses that do not meet the requirements are pushed out of the belt conveyor (12); the pose adjustment component (15) is used to adjust the remaining two poses that meet the requirements to a pose that is compatible with the fixture (7); a push component (14) is arranged on one side of the belt conveyor (12) and the pose adjustment component (15) to push the hinge pieces with the pose to be adjusted to the pose adjustment component (15), and then push the hinge pieces with the adjusted poses to the fixture (7); The right hinge assembly component (2) and the left hinge assembly component (1) have the same structure. The platform of the right hinge assembly component (2) is higher than the platform of the left hinge assembly component (1) by the thickness of the flat plate of the left hinge, so that when the right hinge is pushed onto the fixture (7), it can overlap the left hinge.

2. The hinge assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge separation assembly (11) includes a separation barrel (112), in which a small-tapered separation turntable (113) is rotatably arranged. The space above the separation turntable (113) in the separation barrel (112) is used to accommodate the hinge pieces to be separated. The side of the separation barrel (112) has a discharge port (114) that allows only the hinge pieces to pass through longitudinally one by one. A separation motor (117) for driving the separation turntable (113) to rotate is arranged below the separation barrel (112).

3. The hinge assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge pose detection component (13) includes a portal frame (134). A first proximity switch (131) and a second proximity switch (135) are respectively installed on both sides of the portal frame (134). A first laser ranging sensor (132) and a second laser ranging sensor (133) are installed on the top beam of the portal frame (134). The two laser ranging sensors are used to detect the distance between themselves and the flat plate of the hinge when the proximity switch near the shaft hole of the hinge is triggered. Based on the distance difference and the distance between the two laser ranging sensors, the inclination of the flat plate of the hinge relative to the top surface of the belt conveyor is determined. The pose of the hinge is determined based on the inclination and the triggered proximity switch.

4. The hinge assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push assembly (14) includes a push motor (143) and a push drive plate (145) that moves linearly under the drive of the push motor (143); a servo motor (146) is mounted on the push drive plate (145), and a P-shaped push plate (142) is mounted on the output end of the servo motor (146). The servo motor (146) drives the P-shaped push plate (142) to swing, switching the P-shaped push plate (142) to a horizontal state to push the hinge, or switching it to a vertical state; The position adjustment component (15) includes an adjustment bracket (151), a first bearing plate (156) is mounted on the top surface of the adjustment bracket (151), a circular groove is opened at one end of the first bearing plate (156) near the belt conveyor (12), a rotating circular plate (152) is rotatably arranged in the circular groove, the upper surfaces of the rotating circular plate (152) and the first bearing plate (156) are at the same height; an adjustment motor (157) for driving the rotating circular plate (152) to rotate is installed at the bottom of the adjustment bracket (151); guide strips (153) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the first bearing plate (156), the two guide strips (153) extend from the rotating circular plate (152) to the end of the first bearing plate (156) away from the belt conveyor (12), and the distance between the two guide strips (153) gradually decreases to adapt to the length of the hinge piece, so as to cooperate with the P-shaped push plate (142) to achieve accurate positioning of the hinge piece.

5. The hinge assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mandrel assembly component (3) includes a mandrel supply assembly (31) and a mandrel pushing assembly (32). The mandrel pushing assembly (32) includes a cantilever plate (324) that switches back and forth between a mandrel receiving position and a mandrel mounting position. A mandrel pushing mechanism and a fixing rod (325) are mounted on the cantilever plate (324), and the front end of the cantilever plate (324) has a semi-circular groove (324.2) that is adapted to the mandrel. The mandrel supply assembly (31) is used to output a mandrel to the semi-circular groove (324.2) when the cantilever plate (324) is in the mandrel receiving position. The mandrel pushing mechanism is used to push the mandrel on the semi-circular groove (324.2) into the shaft hole of the two overlapping hinges when the cantilever plate (324) is in the mandrel mounting position. The fixing rod (325) is used to position the end of the mandrel that passes through the shaft hole of the two hinges.

6. The hinge assembly device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mandrel supply assembly (31) includes a mandrel ramp placement platform (311). A third push rod (312) that can slide up and down is provided at the bottom surface of the mandrel ramp placement platform (311). A third double-rod cylinder (313) is fixedly installed below the third push rod (312) to drive it to move back and forth between a high position and a low position. The top surface of the third push rod (312) has a quarter-circle groove adapted to the mandrel. A ramp (324.1) is provided on the side of the semi-circular groove (324.2) at a position corresponding to the mandrel ramp placement platform (311). The slope of the inclined plate (324) is consistent with the slope of the mandrel inclined platform (311); when the cantilever plate (324) is in the mandrel receiving position, the rear surface of the inclined platform (324.1) is in contact with the front surface of the mandrel inclined platform (311); during the process of the third push rod (312) moving from the low position to the high position, it lifts the mandrel, so that it rolls down onto the semi-circular groove (324.2) by its own weight via the inclined platform (324.1); during the process of the third push rod (312) moving from the high position to the low position, the mandrel in the mandrel inclined platform (311) rolls sequentially a distance of one mandrel diameter.

7. The hinge assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shaft cap assembly component (4) includes a fifth telescopic cylinder (47), a fifth guide rail (46), and a concave plate (43). The concave plate (43) is slidably mounted on a pair of fifth guide rails (46) and can move back and forth under the drive of the fifth telescopic cylinder (47). The front end of the concave plate (43) has a rectangular notch for accommodating a fixture (7). On the concave plate (43), a set of shaft cap bearing boxes (44) and a fourth telescopic cylinder (42) are arranged on both sides of the rectangular notch. The shaft cap bearing box (44) has a horizontal section, an inclined section, and a vertical section connected in sequence. Through holes are machined on both sides of the front end of the horizontal section of the shaft cap bearing box (44). Several shaft caps are stacked in the shaft cap bearing box (44). The piston rod end of the fourth telescopic cylinder (42) is aligned with the through hole on the corresponding shaft cap bearing box (44) and is used to push the shaft cap out and insert it into the mandrel.

8. The hinge assembly device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The shaft cap assembly (4) also includes an anti-tilt component (45), which includes a fourth double-rod cylinder (453) installed in a recess (43.1) in the middle of the concave plate (43) and a support plate (455) that can be raised and lowered under the drive of the fourth double-rod cylinder (453); the support plate (455) is fixedly connected to both sides of the support rod (452), and the front end of the support rod (452) is fixed with a support piece (451), and the upper end of the support piece (451) is provided with a fitting for the shaft. The small cylinder of the cap has a semi-circular groove; the support rod (452) is set in the horizontal strip groove (43.3) of the concave plate (43) and can move up and down in the horizontal strip groove (43.3); the support piece (451) can extend out of the vertical strip opening (43.4) of the concave plate (43) to lift the small cylinder of the cap, so that the small cylinder of the cap can be partially inserted into the mandrel; or it can be completely retracted into the vertical strip opening (43.4) so ​​that the small cylinder of the cap can be fully inserted into the mandrel.

9. The hinge assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge collecting component (5) is located below the indexing rotary table (6) and includes a fifth double-rod cylinder (51) and a fifth push rod (52) installed at the end of the piston rod of the fifth double-rod cylinder (51); the fixture (7) includes a seventh bracket (71) and a seventh bearing plate (72), the surface of the seventh bearing plate (72) is machined with a groove, the diameter of the groove is consistent with the outer diameter of the shaft hole of the left hinge piece, and the central axis of the groove is higher than the thickness of the plate of one left hinge piece on the upper surface of the seventh bearing plate (72); the seventh bearing plate (72) is rotatably mounted on the seventh bracket (71) via the seventh rotating shaft (74), and torsion springs (73) are provided at both ends of the seventh rotating shaft (74); the indexing rotary table (6) is provided with a notch for the fifth push rod (52) to pass through at the position of each fixture (7); the fifth push rod (52) is used to push the seventh bearing plate (72) to flip, so that the hinge slides off the fixture (7); the torsion spring (73) is used to make the seventh bearing plate (72) flip and reset when the fifth push rod (52) retracts.

10. A hinge assembly method, employing the hinge assembly apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The hinge assembly method includes the following steps: 1) The indexing rotary table (6) rotates, and the fixture (7) is switched to the left hinge plate installation station. The left hinge plate assembly component (1) pushes the left hinge plate into the fixture (7). The hinge separation assembly (11) outputs the left hinge pieces one by one longitudinally to the belt conveyor (12); the hinge pose detection assembly (13) detects the pose of the left hinge pieces on the belt conveyor (12); the hinge ejection cylinder ejects the left hinge pieces whose poses do not meet the requirements from the belt conveyor (12); the pose adjustment assembly (15) adjusts the left hinge pieces whose poses meet the requirements to a pose that is compatible with the fixture (7); the push assembly (14) pushes the left hinge pieces whose poses meet the requirements to the pose adjustment assembly (15), and then pushes the left hinge pieces whose poses are adjusted to the fixture (7); 2) The indexing rotary table (6) rotates, and the fixture (7) is switched to the right hinge plate installation station. The right hinge plate assembly component (2) pushes the right hinge plate into the fixture (7). The process of pushing the right hinge into the fixture (7) is the same as that of pushing the left hinge into the fixture (7); 3) The indexing rotary table (6) rotates, and the jig (7) is switched to the mandrel installation station. The mandrel assembly component (3) inserts the mandrel into the shaft holes of the stacked left and right hinge pieces. 4) The indexing rotary table (6) rotates, and the fixture (7) is switched to the shaft cap installation station. The shaft cap assembly component (4) inserts the two shaft caps into the two ends of the mandrel respectively. 5) The indexing rotary table (6) rotates, the fixture (7) is switched to the unloading station, and the hinge collection component (5) removes the hinge from the fixture (7).

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