Pre-combustion chamber device and methanol engine

Abstract

The precombustion chamber device comprises a device body, an injection cavity is formed in the device body, a partition plate is arranged in the injection cavity and divides the injection cavity into a first cavity body and a second cavity body, a first injection hole communicating with the first cavity body and the second cavity body is formed in the partition plate, and a second injection hole communicating with the first cavity body and the second cavity body is formed in the partition plate; the device body is provided with a second spraying hole communicating with the second cavity and leading to the outside of the device body. The sparking plug is arranged on the device main body, the sparking plug is provided with an ignition end used for ignition, and the ignition end of the sparking plug is located in the first cavity; the methanol sprayer is arranged on the device main body, the methanol sprayer is provided with a spraying end for spraying methanol, and the spraying end of the methanol sprayer leads to the first chamber. According to the pre-combustion chamber device, the speed of the formed jet flow can be increased, so that the penetrating power of the jet flow is enhanced, a plurality of ignition points can be stably formed in the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine, and the lean combustion limit can be further expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of internal combustion engine technology, and in particular to a pre-combustion chamber device and a methanol engine. Background Technology

[0002] Methanol, as a low-carbon oxygenated fuel, boasts advantages such as wide availability and clean combustion. Its efficient utilization in marine engines is a crucial technological means to achieve decarbonization in shipping. Traditional methanol-diesel dual-fuel engines have two fuel injection systems, resulting in complex structures, high failure rates, and difficulty in achieving zero-carbon emissions from diesel combustion. Methanol engines, using a single fuel, have simple structures, effectively reducing failure rates and offering significant advantages in suppressing soot and greenhouse gas emissions. However, methanol engines generally suffer from low thermal efficiency. To address this, ultra-lean combustion technology has been proposed. Ultra-lean combustion technology offers significant advantages such as reduced heat transfer losses, improved working fluid adiabatic index, suppression of knocking tendency, and substantial reduction in nitrogen oxide formation, making it a key technology for improving the thermal efficiency and output power of methanol engines. Among these technologies, active pre-combustion chamber jet ignition technology can significantly increase the ignition energy of methanol engines and extend the lean combustion limit, solving problems associated with ultra-lean combustion such as slow flame propagation rate, combustion instability, and increased cycle fluctuations.

[0003] However, the jet generated by traditional pre-combustion chamber devices has insufficient penetrating power, making it difficult to stably form multiple ignition points in the main combustion chamber of a methanol engine, and its ability to extend the lean combustion limit is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this application proposes a pre-combustion chamber device that can increase the velocity of the formed jet to enhance the penetration of the jet, which is beneficial for the stable formation of multiple ignition points in the main combustion chamber of a methanol engine, thereby facilitating the further expansion of the lean combustion limit.

[0005] This application also proposes a methanol engine having the aforementioned pre-combustion chamber device.

[0006] The pre-combustion chamber apparatus according to a first aspect embodiment of this application includes:

[0007] The device body has a spray chamber inside, and a partition is provided inside the spray chamber to divide the spray chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The partition has a first spray hole that connects the first chamber and the second chamber. The device body has a second spray hole that connects to the second chamber and leads to the outside of the device body.

[0008] A spark plug is disposed on the main body of the device, the spark plug having an ignition end for ignition, the ignition end of the spark plug being located in the first chamber;

[0009] An alcohol sprayer is disposed on the main body of the device and has a spray end for spraying methanol, the spray end of the alcohol sprayer leading to the first chamber.

[0010] The pre-combustion chamber device according to the embodiments of this application has at least the following beneficial effects: In use, methanol is injected into the first chamber as ignition fuel through an alcohol injector. The methanol injected into the first chamber is ignited by a spark plug. When the premixed flame passes through the first injection hole, turbulence is generated to form a jet composed of turbulent flame. After the jet enters the second chamber, the turbulence intensity is enhanced when it passes through the second injection hole, thereby increasing the velocity of the formed jet. The accelerated jet enters the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine and ignites the fuel in the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine. Compared with the prior art, with the same injection chamber volume, the pre-combustion chamber device of this application is provided with a first injection hole and a second injection hole, which allows the formed premixed flame to undergo two accelerations, thereby increasing the velocity of the formed jet and enhancing the penetration power of the jet. This is beneficial for the stable formation of multiple ignition points in the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine, and further helps to extend the lean combustion limit.

[0011] According to some embodiments of this application, the main body of the device is a split structure, the main body of the device includes a mounting part and a base, the spark plug and the alcohol injector are both mounted on the mounting part, the injection chamber and the second injection hole are formed in the base, the base is provided with an opening leading to the first chamber, the opening is used to avoid the spark plug and the alcohol injector, the base and the mounting part are threaded together so that the mounting part seals the opening.

[0012] According to some embodiments of this application, the mounting portion has a threaded hole on the side facing the base, the ignition end of the spark plug is located in the threaded hole, the injection end of the alcohol injector opens into the threaded hole, and the end of the base with the opening has an external thread structure corresponding to the threaded hole; or...

[0013] The mounting portion is provided with a threaded connection portion having an external thread structure on the side facing the base, and the inner wall of the opening is provided with an internal thread structure corresponding to the threaded connection portion.

[0014] According to some embodiments of this application, the pre-combustion chamber device further includes a pressure plate, fastening bolts, and adjusting nuts. The main body of the device is provided with a mounting hole for installing the alcohol injector. The alcohol injector passes through the mounting hole. A first limiting step for positioning the alcohol injector is provided in the mounting hole. The alcohol injector has a second limiting step that cooperates with the first limiting step for positioning. The alcohol injector has an input end for inputting methanol. The pressure plate is provided with a pipe connector that mates with the input end of the alcohol injector. The pipe connector is used to connect to a pipeline for conveying methanol. The fastening bolt is used to connect to the cylinder head of the methanol engine. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the fastening bolt and is located on the side of the pressure plate opposite to the alcohol injector.

[0015] According to some embodiments of this application, a sealing structure is provided between the alcohol sprayer and the main body of the device.

[0016] According to some embodiments of this application, the sealing structure includes a sealing gasket, which is sleeved on the alcohol sprayer and sandwiched between the first limiting step and the second limiting step.

[0017] According to some embodiments of this application, the sealing gasket is made of brass or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0018] According to some embodiments of this application, the diameter of the first injection hole is larger than the diameter of the second injection hole.

[0019] According to some embodiments of this application, the first chamber includes a first part and a second part, the second part being closer to the second chamber than the first part, the cross-sectional dimension of the first part being larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the second part, the ignition end of the spark plug being located in the first part, and the injection end of the alcohol injector being directed to the first part.

[0020] A methanol engine according to a second aspect of this application includes a pre-combustion chamber device according to the first aspect of this application described above.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pre-combustion chamber device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pre-combustion chamber device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pre-combustion chamber device according to an embodiment of this application in a disassembled state.

[0026] Figure label:

[0027] The device includes a main body 100, a partition 110, a first injection hole 111, a first chamber 120, a first part 121, a second part 122, a second chamber 130, a second injection hole 140, a mounting part 150, a threaded hole 151, a base 160, an opening 161, a mounting hole 170, and a first limiting step 180.

[0028] Spark plug 200;

[0029] Alcohol sprayer 300, second limiting step 310;

[0030] Pressure plate 400, pipe fitting 410;

[0031] Fastening bolts 500;

[0032] Adjusting nut 600;

[0033] Sealing gasket 700. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if directional descriptions are involved, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, it is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, if words such as several, greater than, less than, exceeding, above, below, or within appear, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the number itself.

[0037] In the description of this application, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0038] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as "setup," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this application in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The pre-combustion chamber device according to an embodiment of this application includes a device body 100, a spark plug 200, and an alcohol injector 300.

[0040] Specifically, the device body 100 has an internal injection chamber, and a partition 110 is provided inside the injection chamber. The partition 110 divides the injection chamber into a first chamber 120 and a second chamber 130. The partition 110 has a first injection hole 111 that connects the first chamber 120 and the second chamber 130. The device body 100 has a second injection hole 140 that connects to the second chamber 130 and leads to the outside of the device body 100. A spark plug 200 is provided on the device body 100 and has an ignition end for ignition. The ignition end of the spark plug 200 is located in the first chamber 120. An alcohol injector 300 is provided on the device body 100 and has an injection end for injecting methanol. The injection end of the alcohol injector 300 leads to the first chamber 120.

[0041] In use, methanol is injected into the first chamber 120 via the injector 300 as ignition fuel. The methanol injected into the first chamber 120 is ignited by the spark plug 200. The resulting premixed flame generates turbulence when passing through the first injection hole 111, forming a jet composed of turbulent flames. After entering the second chamber 130, the turbulence intensity is enhanced when passing through the second injection hole 140, thereby increasing the velocity of the formed jet. The accelerated jet enters the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine, igniting the fuel inside. Compared to the prior art, with the same injection chamber volume, the precombustion chamber device of this application is provided with a first injection hole 111 and a second injection hole 140, which allows the formed premixed flame to undergo two accelerations, thereby increasing the velocity of the formed jet and enhancing its penetrating power. This is beneficial for the stable formation of multiple ignition points in the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine, and further helps to extend the lean combustion limit.

[0042] The amount of methanol injected can be precisely controlled by the methanol injector 300, thereby indirectly controlling the ignition energy of the jet formed by the pre-combustion chamber device of this application.

[0043] It should be noted that when the pre-combustion chamber device of this application is applied to a methanol engine, the ignition mechanism of the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine can be either flame ignition or jet ignition. When the aperture of the second injection hole 140 is large, flame ignition is formed, and the flame jet generated by the pre-combustion chamber device can directly enter the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine through the second injection hole 140, thereby igniting the fuel in the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine. When the aperture of the second injection hole 140 is small, jet ignition is formed, and the flame generated by the pre-combustion chamber device is quenched when it passes through the second injection hole 140, forming a jet rich in active free radicals, intermediate products, and combustion products. This jet can form an ignition point after entering the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine, thereby igniting the fuel in the main combustion chamber of the methanol engine.

[0044] Specifically, there is one first injection hole 111 and at least one second injection hole 140. The centerline of at least one second injection hole 140 is collinear with the centerline of the first injection hole 111, which helps to reduce the obstruction of the jet formed at the first injection hole 111 by the second chamber 130.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the device body 100 has a split structure, including a mounting portion 150 and a base 160. The spark plug 200 and the alcohol injector 300 are both mounted on the mounting portion 150. The injection chamber and the second injection hole 140 are formed in the base 160. The base 160 is provided with an opening 161 leading to the first chamber 120. The opening 161 is used to avoid the spark plug 200 and the alcohol injector 300. The base 160 and the mounting portion 150 are threaded together so that the mounting portion 150 seals the opening 161. During manufacturing, the mounting part 150 has a uniform specification, while the base 160 can be manufactured in various specifications depending on the application requirements. The differences between different specifications of the base 160 can be reflected in the following aspects: the volume of the injection chamber, the volume of the first chamber 120, the volume of the second chamber 130, the diameter of the first injection hole 111, the diameter of the second injection hole 140, and the number of second injection holes 140. In use, the mounting part 150 can be adapted to bases 160 with different specifications of injection chambers to meet different application needs. This helps reduce the production cost for the manufacturer, thereby reducing the operating cost for the user.

[0046] Reference Figure 3In some embodiments, the mounting portion 150 is provided with a threaded hole 151 on the side facing the base 160, the ignition end of the spark plug 200 is located in the threaded hole 151, the injection end of the injector 300 is connected to the threaded hole 151, and the end of the base 160 with the opening 161 is provided with an external thread structure corresponding to the threaded hole 151, so that the end of the base 160 with the opening 161 can be threadedly connected to the threaded hole 151. Its structure is simple and easy to seal between the mounting portion 150 and the base 160.

[0047] It should be noted that in some other embodiments, the mounting part 150 is provided with a threaded connection part with an external thread structure on the side facing the base 160, and the inner wall of the opening 161 is provided with an internal thread structure corresponding to the threaded connection part, so that the threaded connection part can be threadedly connected to the opening 161. Its structure is simple and easy to seal between the mounting part 150 and the base 160.

[0048] Reference Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the pre-combustion chamber device further includes a pressure plate 400, fastening bolts 500, and adjusting nuts 600. The main body 100 of the device is provided with a mounting hole 170 for mounting an alcohol injector 300. The alcohol injector 300 passes through the mounting hole 170. A first limiting step 180 for positioning the alcohol injector 300 is provided in the mounting hole 170. The alcohol injector 300 has a second limiting step 310 that cooperates with the first limiting step 180 for positioning. The alcohol injector 300 has an input end for inputting methanol. The pressure plate 400 is provided with a pipe connector 410 that connects to the input end of the alcohol injector 300. The pipe connector 410 is used to connect to a pipeline for conveying methanol. The fastening bolts 500 are used to connect to the cylinder head of the methanol engine. The adjusting nuts 600 are threadedly connected to the fastening bolts 500 and are located on the side of the pressure plate 400 opposite to the alcohol injector 300. In use, the position of the adjusting nut 600 can be adjusted to change the position of the pressure plate 400, thereby providing sufficient clamping force to the alcohol sprayer 300 to fix the alcohol sprayer 300 in the mounting hole 170.

[0049] Specifically, mounting hole 170 is formed in mounting portion 150.

[0050] In some embodiments, a sealing structure is provided between the alcohol sprayer 300 and the device body 100, which helps to improve the stability and reliability of the alcohol sprayer 300 during operation.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the sealing structure includes a sealing gasket 700, which is sleeved on the alcohol sprayer 300 and sandwiched between the first limiting step 180 and the second limiting step 310. The pressure force provided by the pressure plate 400 to the alcohol sprayer 300 is applied to the sealing gasket 700 to achieve a sealing effect.

[0052] In some embodiments, the sealing gasket 700 is made of brass or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), allowing it to deform under compression to accommodate gaps at the seal and thus improve sealing performance. Both brass and PTFE are heat-resistant, enabling the sealing gasket 700 to withstand the operating temperature of the pre-combustion chamber device.

[0053] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first injection hole 111 is larger than that of the second injection hole 140, which helps to reduce the quenching phenomenon at the first injection hole 111, so that the main function of the first injection hole 111 is to increase the jet velocity.

[0054] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first chamber 120 includes a first portion 121 and a second portion 122. The second portion 122 is closer to the second chamber 130 than the first portion 121. The cross-sectional dimension of the first portion 121 is larger than that of the second portion 122. The ignition end of the spark plug 200 is located in the first portion 121, and the injection end of the alcohol injector 300 opens into the first portion 121. Since the cross-sectional dimension of the first portion 121 is larger than that of the second portion 122, i.e., the space of the first portion 121 is larger than that of the second portion 122, it is beneficial to prevent the ignition end of the spark plug 200 from failing to ignite due to direct contact discharge between the cathode and the inner wall of the first chamber 120. In addition, this structure of the first chamber 120 allows the methanol sprayed by the alcohol injector 300 to atomize and evaporate over a longer distance, avoiding the problem of uneven gas-air mixture caused by methanol directly hitting the wall and resulting in insufficient evaporation.

[0055] Specifically, opening 161 corresponds to setting 121 in the first part.

[0056] The methanol engine according to an embodiment of this application includes the pre-combustion chamber device described above.

[0057] It should be noted that since the methanol engine of the embodiments of this application includes the pre-combustion chamber device described above, the methanol engine of the embodiments of this application includes all the technical effects of the pre-combustion chamber device described above.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the use of terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," and "some examples" indicates that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pre-combustion chamber device, characterized in that, include: The device body has a spray chamber inside, and a partition is provided inside the spray chamber to divide the spray chamber into a first chamber and a second chamber. The partition has a first spray hole that connects the first chamber and the second chamber. The device body has a second spray hole that connects to the second chamber and leads to the outside of the device body. A spark plug is disposed on the main body of the device, the spark plug having an ignition end for ignition, the ignition end of the spark plug being located in the first chamber; An alcohol sprayer is disposed on the main body of the device and has a spray end for spraying methanol, the spray end of the alcohol sprayer leading to the first chamber.

2. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the device is a split structure, including a mounting part and a base. The spark plug and the alcohol injector are both mounted on the mounting part. The injection chamber and the second injection hole are formed in the base. The base is provided with an opening leading to the first chamber. The opening is used to avoid the spark plug and the alcohol injector. The base and the mounting part are threaded together so that the mounting part seals the opening.

3. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting portion has a threaded hole on the side facing the base, the ignition end of the spark plug is located in the threaded hole, the injection end of the alcohol injector opens into the threaded hole, and the end of the base with the opening has an external thread structure corresponding to the threaded hole; or... The mounting portion is provided with a threaded connection portion having an external thread structure on the side facing the base, and the inner wall of the opening is provided with an internal thread structure corresponding to the threaded connection portion.

4. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-combustion chamber device further includes a pressure plate, fastening bolts, and adjusting nuts. The main body of the device is provided with a mounting hole for installing the alcohol injector. The alcohol injector passes through the mounting hole. The mounting hole is provided with a first limiting step for positioning the alcohol injector. The alcohol injector has a second limiting step that cooperates with the first limiting step for positioning. The alcohol injector has an input end for inputting methanol. The pressure plate is provided with a pipe connector that mates with the input end of the alcohol injector. The pipe connector is used to connect to a pipeline for conveying methanol. The fastening bolts are used to connect to the cylinder head of the methanol engine. The adjusting nut is threadedly connected to the fastening bolts and is located on the side of the pressure plate opposite to the alcohol injector.

5. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A sealing structure is provided between the alcohol sprayer and the main body of the device.

6. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing structure includes a sealing gasket, which is sleeved on the alcohol sprayer and sandwiched between the first limiting step and the second limiting step.

7. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sealing gasket is made of brass or polytetrafluoroethylene.

8. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first injection hole is larger than the diameter of the second injection hole.

9. The pre-combustion chamber device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first chamber includes a first part and a second part, the second part being closer to the second chamber than the first part, the cross-sectional dimension of the first part being larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the second part, the ignition end of the spark plug being located in the first part, and the injection end of the alcohol injector being directed to the first part.

10. A methanol engine, characterized in that, Includes the pre-combustion chamber device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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