Photo-thermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of super-hydrophobic anti-icing coatings, and discloses a photo-thermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating and a preparation method and application thereof.The photo-thermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating is prepared from nanocellulose, MXene, dopamine and octadecylamine, and the mass ratio of nanocellulose to MXene is (0.3-1.7): 1; the mass ratio of the dopamine to the MXene is 1: (0.3 to 1.7). A coating prepared from the photo-thermal super-hydrophobic anti-icing coating has good photo-thermal conversion capacity, has good compatibility with various substrates and can be applied to icing prevention in cold weather.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of superhydrophobic anti-icing coating technology, and in particular to a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the impact of icing on modern infrastructure and critical sectors has become increasingly prominent. In aviation, power transmission, wind power generation, transportation facilities (such as bridges and railway tracks), and cryogenic refrigeration equipment, surface icing not only reduces equipment efficiency but can also lead to serious safety accidents. For example, icing on aircraft wings can impair aerodynamics, leading to flight risks; icing on power transmission lines can cause line breaks and tower collapses, resulting in large-scale power outages; and icing on transportation facilities in cold regions can threaten traffic safety. Therefore, how to effectively prevent icing has become a hot topic.

[0003] Traditional de-icing methods, such as mechanical scraping, chemical de-icing agent spraying, or electric heating, suffer from low efficiency, high energy consumption, environmental pollution, and equipment damage, necessitating the development of more efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable solutions. Against this backdrop, superhydrophobic materials have attracted widespread attention as a novel anti-icing technology. On one hand, water droplets form Cassie-Baxter states on hydrophobic surfaces, making them easy to slide off. On the other hand, the interface between water and a rough surface traps numerous air pockets; the low thermal conductivity of air helps prevent heat transfer from water droplets to the substrate, effectively delaying the freezing time of water on the surface. However, current superhydrophobic surfaces typically only possess passive anti-icing capabilities, lacking active anti-icing capabilities.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a material that possesses both passive and active anti-icing capabilities to achieve more sustained anti-icing performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating.

[0006] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating.

[0007] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide a photothermal superhydrophobic coating.

[0008] The fourth aspect of this invention aims to provide the application of photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coatings or photothermal superhydrophobic coatings in the preparation of hydrophobic and / or anti-icing materials.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating, the raw materials for which are prepared include: nanocellulose, MXene, dopamine, and octadecylamine.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nanocellulose includes at least one of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), bacterial cellulose (BC), and cellulose nanofibers (CNF). Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are preferred.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the nanocellulose has a diameter of 5 nm to 20 nm and a length of 100 nm to 200 nm.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the chemical formula of the MXene includes M n+1 X n Wherein M is a transition metal selected from at least one of Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, and Mo; X is C or N, and n is an integer from 1 to 3.

[0014] Preferably, M is selected from at least one of Ti, V, Nb, and V.

[0015] More preferably, MXene includes at least one of Ti3C2, Ti2C, and Cr2C.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the M n+1 X n Obtained by acid etching of MAX material, wherein the chemical formula of MAX material is M n+1 AX n , where A is Al or Si.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the acid includes at least one selected from hydrofluoric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, and a mixture of concentrated hydrochloric acid and fluoride salts. MAX material is a three-layer structure material that, after etching, forms an M-shaped monolayer with two-dimensional single-layer sheets. n+1 X n To streamline the process, the M... n+1 X n Alternatively, commercially available M can be used directly. n+1 X n .

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of nanocellulose to MXene is 0.3 to 1.7:1.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of dopamine to MXene is 1:0.3 to 1.7.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the nanocellulose, MXene, dopamine and octadecylamine is 100:50-200:50-200:100-1000.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the raw materials for preparation further include a solvent.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solvent is selected from at least one of water, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0023] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1. Mix the aqueous dispersion of nanocellulose and MXene, and obtain a first dispersion after dispersion treatment;

[0025] S2. Add the dopamine to the first dispersion, adjust the pH to 7-10, and react to obtain the second dispersion.

[0026] S3. Disperse a portion of the octadecylamine in the first solvent, then mix it with the second dispersion, and after an addition reaction, centrifuge, wash and collect the precipitate to obtain the composite material;

[0027] S4. In the second solvent, the composite material is mixed with the remaining portion of the octadecylamine, and after reaction, the desired product is obtained.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the concentration of the aqueous dispersion of MXene is 5-15 mg / mL, preferably 8-12.5 mg / mL.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S1 includes ultrasonic dispersion.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the reagent for adjusting the pH value includes tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the pH value is preferably 8-9, more preferably 8.4-8.7. A weakly alkaline environment helps to improve the dopamine polymerization reaction.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the reaction time is 12 to 48 hours.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the first solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the temperature of the addition reaction is 20~60 °C. Preferably, it is 35 °C~50 °C, more preferably 45 °C~50 °C.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the addition reaction takes 12 to 48 hours.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the second solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and N,N-dimethylformamide. Ethanol is preferred; the evaporation of ethanol can be accelerated by slight heating, and in practice, the reaction can be carried out directly at ambient temperature.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the concentration ratio of the composite material (OPMC) to the remaining portion of the octadecylamine is 0.5~1.5:1, preferably 0.8~1.2:1, and more preferably 1:1.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S4, the reaction temperature is 20~60 °C. Preferably, it is 35 °C~50 °C, more preferably 45 °C~50 °C.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reaction time in step S4 is 5 to 30 minutes.

[0040] A third aspect of the present invention provides a photothermal superhydrophobic coating, the preparation method of which includes: coating the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating described in the first aspect onto the surface of a substrate material, and obtaining the coating after drying.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate material is selected from at least one of metal sheet (such as aluminum sheet), glass, PC, PA, PVA, PP or cotton cloth.

[0042] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the use of the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating as described in the first aspect or the photothermal superhydrophobic coating as described in the third aspect in the preparation of hydrophobic and / or anti-icing materials.

[0043] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating, its preparation method, and its application of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0044] This invention first mixes two-dimensional material MXene and cellulose nanocrystals in an aqueous phase in a certain proportion, and then mixes them with dopamine. Due to the oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine, PMC with good water dispersibility is obtained. This PMC has both the good photothermal conversion ability of MXene and solves the problem of easy oxidation of MXene.

[0045] Furthermore, cellulose nanocrystals and MXene are combined with the low surface energy material octadecaneamine through Schiff base and Michael addition reactions between the polydopamine quinone structure and the amino groups of octadecaneamine to obtain OPMC. OPMC possesses both good photothermal conversion capabilities and good compatibility with octadecaneamine. Finally, the prepared OPMC is mixed with octadecaneamine to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating. The coating made using this photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating exhibits good photothermal conversion capabilities and good compatibility with various substrates, making it suitable for anti-icing applications in cold weather.

[0046] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0048] Figure 1 The image shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine (PMC) composite material from Example 1.

[0049] Figure 2 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the octadecylamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine (OPMC) composite material of Example 1 are shown.

[0050] Figure 3 Fourier transform infrared spectra of the octadecylamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine (OPMC) composite material and its different components in Example 1;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the octadecylamine / OPMC composite material from Example 1;

[0052] Figure 5 The water contact angles were measured when the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coatings of Examples 1-3 were drop-coated onto cotton cloth.

[0053] Figure 6 The results of liquid repellency tests on water, red ink, juice, milk, etc., for the photothermal superhydrophobic coating of Example 1 are shown.

[0054] Figure 7 The results of the self-cleaning performance test of the photothermal superhydrophobic coated glass and the uncoated glass in Example 1 are shown.

[0055] Figure 8 The curves showing the surface temperature of cotton cloth coated with the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of Example 1 over time under different near-infrared light power densities;

[0056] Figure 9The curve of switching the lamp on and off 12 times under a power density of 0.8 W / cm² on cotton cloth coated with the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of Example 1;

[0057] Figure 10 The surface temperature change curve of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating in Example 1 under irradiation with a 1.5 W xenon lamp;

[0058] Figure 11 The results of the anti-icing performance test of the photothermal superhydrophobic coated aluminum sheet prepared by the coating of Example 1 and related coatings are shown.

[0059] Figure 12 The results show the anti-icing performance of the photothermal superhydrophobic coated aluminum sheet prepared using the coatings of Example 2 or 3, where (a) is the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of Example 2 and (b) is the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of Example 3.

[0060] Figure 13 This is a comparison chart showing the icing time of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating of Example 1 after irradiation with a 1.5 W xenon lamp and an additional 0.48 W of near-infrared light. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The following will describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention clearly and completely with reference to embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0063] Unless otherwise specified, all processes used in this field are conventional. Room temperature refers to 20–25 °C. In the following examples, the MXene material is Ti3C2 monolayer nanosheets, and the nanocellulose is cellulose nanocrystals. Unless otherwise specified, all conditions in the examples are performed under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0064] Example 1:

[0065] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC and a coating obtained using this coating.

[0066] 1. Preparation method of photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC

[0067] (1) Preparation of MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material:

[0068] 100 mg of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) powder was dispersed into 10 mL of 10 mg / mL MXene dispersion by ultrasonic treatment to obtain CNC-MXene aqueous dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power was 70% and the treatment time was 5 min.

[0069] Then, 100 mg of dopamine was added to the CNC-MXene aqueous dispersion, and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane was added to adjust the pH to 8.5. The mixture was stirred at 450 rpm for 24 h to obtain a dispersion of MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material, namely PMC aqueous dispersion.

[0070] in, Figure 1 Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material are shown, revealing the presence of two-dimensional sheet-like MXene material and rod-shaped cellulose nanocrystals.

[0071] (2) Preparation of octadecylamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material:

[0072] At 50 °C, 300 mg of octadecylamine (ODA) was dissolved in 99.7 mL of ethanol, and then mixed with the prepared PMC aqueous dispersion for 24 h to obtain an OPMC dispersion. The OPMC dispersion was then centrifuged at 6000 r / min and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was then redispersed in ethanol, centrifuged again, and the above operation was repeated twice to ensure that as much ungrafted octadecylamine as possible was removed, resulting in a relatively pure OPMC, i.e., an octadecylamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material.

[0073] in Figure 2 Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images of the octadecaneamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material are shown, revealing the presence of both two-dimensional sheet-like MXene material and rod-shaped cellulose nanocrystals.

[0074] Figure 3 The Fourier transform infrared spectra of OPMC, ODA, PMC, and CNC are shown. The results show that the FTIR spectrum of OPMC is at 1480 cm⁻¹. -12850 cm -1 2920 cm -1 and 1630 cm -1 The absorption peaks at these locations indicate the presence of -NH bending vibration, asymmetric and symmetric -CH2 stretching, and -C=N groups, respectively. This demonstrates the presence of octadecaneamine and proves that octadecaneamine underwent a Schiff base reaction with polydopamine and was grafted onto CNC and MXene via chemical bonds, indicating the successful preparation of OPMC.

[0075] (3) Preparation of photothermal superhydrophobic coating ODA@OPMC:

[0076] The OPMC precipitate obtained after centrifugation was dispersed in 38.4 mL of ethanol, and 0.8 g of ODA was added. The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 10 min to obtain the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC.

[0077] Figure 4 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of ODA@OPMC, a composite material of octadecaneamine and OPMC, are shown. The results indicate that octadecaneamine and OPMC have good compatibility, and the plate-like octadecaneamine coats the surface of OPMC, presenting a flower-like structure.

[0078] 2. Preparation of photothermal superhydrophobic coatings

[0079] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC prepared above is directly dripped onto the surface of a substrate material (aluminum sheet, glass, PC, PA, PVA, PP or cotton cloth, etc.), and after drying at room temperature, a photothermal superhydrophobic coating is obtained.

[0080] Example 2:

[0081] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC and a coating obtained using the coating. Compared with Example 1, the preparation conditions and raw material contents of PMC aqueous dispersion and OPMC are different.

[0082] 1. Preparation method of photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC

[0083] (1) Preparation of MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material:

[0084] 100 mg of CNC powder was dispersed into 12.5 mL of 8 mg / mL MXene dispersion by ultrasonic treatment to obtain CNC-MXene aqueous dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power was 70% and the treatment time was 5 min.

[0085] Then, 100 mg of dopamine was added to the above CNC-MXene aqueous dispersion, and Tris was added to adjust the pH to 8.8. The mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 12 h to obtain a dispersion of MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material, namely PMC aqueous dispersion.

[0086] (2) Preparation of octadecylamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material:

[0087] At 50 °C, 300 mg of octadecylamine was dissolved in 100 mL of ethanol, and then mixed with the PMC aqueous dispersion prepared above and stirred for 12 h to obtain an OPMC dispersion. The OPMC dispersion was centrifuged at 6000 r / min and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was then redispersed in ethanol and centrifuged again. This process was repeated twice to ensure that as much ungrafted octadecylamine as possible was removed to obtain relatively pure OPMC.

[0088] (3) Preparation of photothermal superhydrophobic coating ODA@OPMC:

[0089] The OPMC obtained after centrifugation was dispersed in 38.4 mL of ethanol, and 0.8 g of ODA was added. The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 10 min to obtain the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC.

[0090] 2. Preparation of photothermal superhydrophobic coatings

[0091] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC prepared above is directly dripped onto the surface of a substrate material (aluminum sheet, glass, PC, PA, PVA, PP or cotton cloth, etc.), and after drying at room temperature, a photothermal superhydrophobic coating is obtained.

[0092] Example 3:

[0093] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC and a coating obtained using the coating. Compared with Example 1, the preparation conditions and raw material contents of PMC aqueous dispersion and OPMC are different.

[0094] 1. Preparation method of photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC

[0095] (1) Preparation of MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material:

[0096] 100 mg of CNC powder was dispersed into 6.67 mL of 15 mg / mL MXene dispersion by ultrasonic treatment to obtain CNC-MXene aqueous dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic treatment power was 80% and the treatment time was 5 min.

[0097] Then, 100 mg of dopamine was added to the above CNC-MXene aqueous dispersion, and Tris was added to adjust the pH to 8.4. The mixture was stirred at 500 rpm for 8 h to obtain a dispersion of MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material, namely PMC aqueous dispersion.

[0098] (2) Preparation of octadecylamine / MXene / nanocellulose / polydopamine composite material:

[0099] At 50 °C, 300 mg of octadecylamine was dissolved in 100 mL of ethanol, and then mixed with the PMC aqueous dispersion prepared above and stirred for 20 h to obtain an OPMC dispersion. The OPMC dispersion was centrifuged at 6000 r / min and the precipitate was collected. The precipitate was then redispersed in ethanol, centrifuged again, and the above operation was repeated twice to ensure that as much ungrafted octadecylamine as possible was removed to obtain relatively pure OPMC.

[0100] (3) Preparation of photothermal superhydrophobic coating ODA@OPMC:

[0101] The OPMC obtained after centrifugation was dispersed in 38.4 mL of ethanol, and 0.8 g of ODA was added. The mixture was stirred at 50 °C for 10 min to obtain the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC.

[0102] 2. Preparation of photothermal superhydrophobic coatings

[0103] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC prepared above is directly dripped onto the surface of a substrate material (aluminum sheet, glass, PC, PA, PVA, PP or cotton cloth, etc.), and after drying at room temperature, a photothermal superhydrophobic coating is obtained.

[0104] Detection Example 1:

[0105] This example tests the hydrophobicity, liquid repellency, and self-cleaning properties of the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC prepared in Examples 1-3 above. The specific experiments are as follows:

[0106] 1. Hydrophobicity test:

[0107] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC prepared in the above embodiments was dripped onto cotton cloth and allowed to dry at room temperature to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic coating. Water was then added to test its hydrophobic effect.

[0108] Figure 5 The water contact angles of the photothermal superhydrophobic coatings of Examples 1-3, when dropped onto cotton cloth, are shown. The results show that the water contact angles are all greater than 150°, indicating that they have good hydrophobicity.

[0109] 2. Liquid repellency test:

[0110] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1 was applied to the glass surface and dried to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic coated glass. Then, a drop of deionized water, red ink, juice, and milk were dropped onto the surface of the glass, and the state of the four liquids on the photothermal superhydrophobic coating was observed.

[0111] Figure 6 The results of hydrophobicity tests on water, red ink, juice, and milk obtained by the photothermal superhydrophobic coating in Example 1 are shown. The liquids can be observed to be rounded droplets, indicating that the photothermal superhydrophobic coating has good liquid repellency.

[0112] 3. Self-cleaning performance test:

[0113] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating prepared in Example 1 was drop-coated onto the glass surface and dried to obtain a photothermal superhydrophobic coated glass. Then, the photothermal superhydrophobic coated glass and the uncoated glass were immersed in an aqueous dispersion of carbon black and then taken out to observe the carbon black residue.

[0114] The results are as follows Figure 7 As shown, the glass surface coated with the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of the present invention has no carbon black residue, indicating that the photothermal superhydrophobic coating has good self-cleaning properties.

[0115] Example 2 of detection:

[0116] This example uses Example 1 to test its photothermal performance.

[0117] Figure 8 The paper presents the surface temperature change curves of cotton fabric coated with the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of Example 1 under different near-infrared light power densities, showing that the highest temperature can reach about 140 ℃, indicating that the photothermal superhydrophobic coating has excellent near-infrared photothermal conversion capability.

[0118] Figure 9 The curves for switching the lamp on and off 12 times at a power density of 0.8 W / cm² show that the time required to raise or lower the temperature to the same level is the same, indicating that the photothermal superhydrophobic coating has good photothermal cycling stability.

[0119] Figure 10 The surface temperature change curve of the photothermal superhydrophobic coating of Example 1 under irradiation with a 1.5 W xenon lamp is shown. The results show that the highest surface temperature can reach about 110 °C, indicating that the photothermal superhydrophobic coating has good photothermal conversion capability.

[0120] Detection Example 3:

[0121] This example tests the anti-icing performance of coatings prepared using the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coatings of Examples 1-3. The specific methods are as follows:

[0122] The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coatings ODA@OPMC from Examples 1-3, as well as ODA and OPMC, were respectively drop-coated onto the surface of aluminum sheets to obtain coated aluminum sheets. Then, 10 µL of methylene blue-stained deionized aluminum (the blank group was the original aluminum plate) was drop-coated onto the surface of the obtained coated aluminum sheets and placed on a Lincoln hot table at -10 ℃ to observe the icing situation.

[0123] The results are as follows Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, after coating with the ODA@OPMC photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating of Examples 1-3 of the present invention, the freezing time of deionized water is significantly extended, reaching more than 150 s. Furthermore, taking Example 1 as an example, after increasing the power of 1.5 W xenon lamp irradiation and 0.48 W near-infrared light irradiation, the freezing time reaches 239 s (e.g., ...). Figure 13 As shown in the figure, the coating obtained by using the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating ODA@OPMC of the present invention has excellent photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing performance.

[0124] In summary, this invention provides a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating, its preparation method, and its application. This invention utilizes MXene as a photothermal conversion material, and the encapsulation with polydopamine prevents MXene oxidation and synergistically enhances photothermal activity. Nanocellulose is used to improve the water dispersibility of MXene, and octadecaneamine modification improves the compatibility between MXene and octadecaneamine. Furthermore, the low surface energy of OPMC and the roughness provided by octadecaneamine endow the material with superhydrophobic properties. The photothermal superhydrophobic coating of this invention can be applied to photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing applications under cold conditions.

[0125] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating, characterized in that, The raw materials used in the preparation include: nanocellulose, MXene, dopamine, and octadecylamine.

2. The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of nanocellulose to MXene is 0.3–1.7:1; And / or, the mass ratio of the dopamine to the MXene is 1:0.3 to 1.

7.

3. The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The raw materials for preparation also include solvents; Preferably, the solvent is selected from at least one of water, ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

4. A method for preparing a photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Mix the aqueous dispersion of nanocellulose and MXene, and obtain a first dispersion after dispersion treatment; S2. Add the dopamine to the first dispersion, adjust the pH to 7-10, and react to obtain the second dispersion. S3. Disperse a portion of the octadecylamine in the first solvent, then mix it with the second dispersion, and after an addition reaction, centrifuge, wash and collect the precipitate to obtain the composite material; S4. In the second solvent, the composite material is mixed with the remaining portion of the octadecylamine, and after reaction, the desired product is obtained.

5. The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S1, the concentration of the aqueous dispersion of MXene is 5~15 mg / mL; And / or, the dispersion process includes ultrasonic dispersion.

6. The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the pH-adjusting reagent includes tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane; And / or, the reaction time is 12 to 48 h.

7. The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the first solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and N,N-dimethylformamide; And / or, the temperature of the addition reaction is 20~60 °C; And / or, the addition reaction takes 12 to 48 hours.

8. The photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S4, the second solvent is selected from at least one of ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and N,N-dimethylformamide; And / or, the temperature of the reaction is 20~60 °C; And / or, the reaction time is 5 to 30 minutes.

9. A photothermal superhydrophobic coating, characterized in that, The preparation method includes: coating the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating according to any one of claims 1 to 8 onto the surface of a substrate material, and then drying it to obtain the coating.

10. The use of the photothermal superhydrophobic anti-icing coating as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 or the photothermal superhydrophobic coating as described in claim 9 in the preparation of hydrophobic and / or anti-icing materials.

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