Cutter material performance improving method and cutter

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter material performance improving method and a cutter, and the cutter material performance improving method comprises the steps that the cutter made of a metal material is placed in an irradiation environment with neutron rays and gamma rays to be irradiated, and particles of the neutron rays and the gamma rays collide with atomic nucleuses in a cutter material; atomic displacement in the tool material is caused, defects including vacancy and interstitial atoms are formed, dislocation movement is hindered, and therefore the hardness of the tool material is improved. According to the method for improving the performance of the cutter material, the neutron beam and the gamma ray are used for irradiating the cutter, the hardness of the cutter material can be improved, the surface hardness of the cutter material can be improved by 55%-60%, the wear resistance of the cutter is enhanced, and the performance of the cutter is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal material performance improvement technology, and in particular to a method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials and a cutting tool. Background Technology

[0002] Tool wear is one of the main causes of tool failure and damage. Wear first occurs on the surface of the material and is closely related to factors such as the type of material, surface composition, structure, and surface condition. For tool materials, improving their surface properties, increasing their surface hardness and wear resistance, is of great significance for improving tool performance and extending their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials and a cutting tool treated by the method.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: to provide a method for improving the properties of cutting tool materials, comprising:

[0005] The cutting tool made of metal is irradiated in an environment with neutron rays and gamma rays. The particles of neutron rays and gamma rays collide with the atomic nuclei in the tool material, causing atomic displacement and forming defects including vacancies and interstitial atoms, which hinder dislocation movement and thus increase the hardness of the tool material.

[0006] In some embodiments, the neutron dose in the irradiation environment is 1000 μSv / h to 20 mSv / h, and the gamma dose is 10 μSv / h to 2000 μSv / h.

[0007] In some embodiments, the metallic material includes any one of cemented carbide, high-speed steel, and stainless steel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cemented carbide is a tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy, a tungsten carbide-nickel alloy, or a tungsten carbide-iron alloy.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cutting tool material is a tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy; in the irradiation environment, the neutron dose is 7244.5 μSv / h and the gamma dose is 46.2 μSv / h.

[0010] In some embodiments, the cutting tool is irradiated in the irradiation environment for 30 to 100 days.

[0011] In some embodiments, the neutron rays and the gamma rays originate from a reactor and an irradiation accelerator, respectively.

[0012] In some embodiments, neutron rays generated during reactor operation are extracted from the reactor through neutron channels around the reactor periphery, and the cutting tool is placed outside the neutron channels for irradiation.

[0013] The present invention also provides a cutting tool, which is treated with any of the cutting tool material performance improvement methods described above.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cutting tool is an industrial cutting tool, a household cutting tool, or a medical cutting tool.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Irradiating the cutting tool with neutron beams and gamma rays can improve the hardness of the cutting tool material, increasing the surface hardness by 55% to 60%, thereby enhancing the wear resistance and improving the performance of the cutting tool. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the change in hardness of the tool material with irradiation time in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 and Figure 3 These are, respectively, electron micrographs of the tool material after irradiation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a one-dimensional hardness distribution curve of four locations after the tool is irradiated in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] A method for improving the properties of cutting tool materials according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0022] The cutting tool made of metal is irradiated in an environment with neutron rays and gamma rays. The particles of neutron rays and gamma rays collide with the atomic nuclei in the tool material, causing atomic displacement and forming defects including vacancies and interstitial atoms, which hinder dislocation movement and thus increase the hardness of the tool material.

[0023] The metal material includes any one of cemented carbide, high-speed steel, and stainless steel. Therefore, the cutting tool can be made of cemented carbide, high-speed steel, or stainless steel.

[0024] The cemented carbide is further classified as a tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy, a tungsten carbide-nickel alloy, or a tungsten carbide-iron alloy.

[0025] Alternatively, neutron rays and gamma rays can originate from a reactor and an irradiation accelerator, respectively.

[0026] For neutron rays originating from the reactor, the irradiation environment can be constructed using the following method: Neutron rays generated during reactor operation are extracted from the reactor through neutron channels outside the reactor periphery, and the cutting tool is placed outside the neutron channels for irradiation. As the reactor operates for a period of time, the irradiation dose increases, thereby improving the irradiation dose of the cutting tool material.

[0027] For irradiation accelerators, the irradiation environment can be constructed in the following way: the irradiation accelerator first accelerates the particles, and after they reach a certain speed, the accelerated particles are extracted, and the cutting tool is placed directly on the extraction channel.

[0028] The cutting tool can be irradiated with neutron rays first and then with gamma rays, or vice versa. Preferably, the time for gamma ray irradiation is longer than the time for neutron irradiation. The time for neutron irradiation can be, but is not limited to, one-third of the time for gamma ray irradiation.

[0029] The cutting tools are exposed to radiation for 30 to 100 days.

[0030] The aforementioned methods for improving the properties of cutting tool materials are used to treat cutting tools, thereby increasing their hardness and enhancing their wear resistance.

[0031] A knife can be any kind of knife and can have any desired shape. For example, it can be a household or industrial knife used for cutting, or it can be a medical knife such as a scalpel.

[0032] The present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments.

[0033] Three cutting tools made of the same metallic material (WC-6%Co alloy) were placed in an irradiation environment with the same dose, which included a certain dose of neutron rays and gamma rays, with a neutron dose of 7244.5 μSv / h and a gamma dose of 46.2 μSv / h.

[0034] Three cutting tools were irradiated for 63 days. The tools were removed on days 18, 34, and 63, and the hardness characteristics of the tool material were measured. Curves showing the change in hardness over irradiation time were plotted as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal axis represents time in days, and the vertical axis represents Vickers hardness; the D-1 line is 18 days, the D-2 line is 34 days, and the D-3 line is 63 days. Figure 1The results show that the surface hardness of the three cutting tools gradually increased with increasing irradiation time. Before irradiation, the Vickers hardness values ​​were between 500 HV 0.025 and 550 HV 0.025, while after irradiation, the maximum Vickers hardness ranged from 800 HV 0.025 to 850 HV 0.025. The hardness of the cutting tool material increased by 55% to 60% after irradiation. Therefore, this indicates that irradiation can significantly improve the hardness of cutting tool materials.

[0035] Microscopic images of different locations of the tool after 63 days of irradiation are shown below. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown.

[0036] Measurements were taken at four locations on the cutting tool, and the corresponding one-dimensional hardness distribution curves for the four locations are shown below. Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 The curve data analysis is as follows: maximum value = 820.32, minimum value = 751.69, average value = 774.23, variance = 31.14, absolute error = 68.63, relative error = 8.86%, Ca (process accuracy) = 54.8%, Cp (process precision) = 5.35, Cpk (process capability index) = 2.42.

[0037] The microscopic images and curves show that the hardness of the tool is significantly higher than before irradiation.

[0038] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the properties of cutting tool materials, characterized in that, include: The cutting tool made of metal is irradiated in an environment with neutron rays and gamma rays. The particles of neutron rays and gamma rays collide with the atomic nuclei in the tool material, causing atomic displacement and forming defects including vacancies and interstitial atoms, which hinder dislocation movement and thus increase the hardness of the tool material.

2. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the irradiation environment, the neutron dose is 1000 μSv / h to 20 mSv / h, and the gamma dose is 10 μSv / h to 2000 μSv / h.

3. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metallic material includes any one of cemented carbide, high-speed steel, and stainless steel.

4. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cemented carbide is a tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy, a tungsten carbide-nickel alloy, or a tungsten carbide-iron alloy.

5. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool is made of tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy; in the irradiation environment, the neutron dose is 7244.5 μSv / h and the gamma dose is 46.2 μSv / h.

6. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The cutting tool is irradiated in the irradiation environment for 30 to 100 days.

7. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The neutron rays and the gamma rays originate from the reactor and the irradiation accelerator, respectively.

8. The method for improving the performance of cutting tool materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, Neutron rays generated during reactor operation are extracted from the reactor through neutron channels outside the reactor, and the cutting tool is placed outside the neutron channels for irradiation.

9. A cutting tool, characterized in that, The material is treated using the method for improving the performance of cutting tools as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The cutting tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cutting tool can be an industrial cutting tool, a household cutting tool, or a medical cutting tool.

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