Closing resistor field detection method, system, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-parameter transient characteristic field detection method, system, medium and equipment under circuit breaker opening and closing operation, and the method comprises the steps: arranging an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and an ultrahigh frequency sensor on a circuit breaker housing, and measuring a vibration acceleration signal a0 (t), an ultrasonic signal b0 (t) and an ultrahigh frequency signal c0 (t) of a circuit breaker in a non-motion state; measuring transient vibration acceleration signals, ultrasonic signals and ultrahigh frequency signals under five groups of switching-on operation; calculating characteristic quantities Ahi, Bhi, Chi, Afi, Bfi and Cfi of each group of test data; judging whether the dispersibility of the characteristic quantity of each group of test data under the switching-on and switching-off operation is small or not; calculating vibration signal peak mean values Ahm and Afm under the opening and closing operation, and taking opening and closing multi-parameter transient characteristics ahx (t), bhx (t), chx (t), afx (t), bfx (t) and cfx (t) with the peak values closest to the vibration signal peak mean values Ahm and Afm as characteristic spectrums.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transient characteristic testing technology for circuit breaker closing resistance, and particularly to a method, system, medium, and equipment for on-site testing of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit breakers are crucial devices in power systems for fault isolation and load switching. Their opening and closing operations are often accompanied by strong transient effects such as electric arcing, impact vibration, and current surges. With the widespread application of ultra-high voltage and extra-high voltage circuit breakers, their transient behavior in actual operation has become an important research direction for equipment reliability assessment and fault early warning.

[0003] Currently, most circuit breaker condition assessments still rely on indirect judgment using single electrical quantities (such as dynamic resistance, current recording, etc.) or mechanical parameters (such as acceleration, displacement). This method suffers from insufficient detection dimensions, low defect identification accuracy, and difficulty in precise source tracing. Especially during the operation of high-voltage circuit breakers, problems such as loose mechanical components, abnormal contact resistance, and damaged closing resistance are difficult to reflect with a single parameter. On the other hand, although existing monitoring systems can acquire some signals online, signal analysis and feature fusion still have lags, lacking detection methods for simultaneous acquisition of multiple physical parameters throughout the entire circuit breaker opening and closing process, rapid on-site identification, and dynamic evaluation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive detection method and device that can integrate multiple transient information such as mechanical vibration and partial discharge conditions in the field environment to achieve accurate diagnosis of the circuit breaker's opening and closing performance and health status, thereby improving its operation and maintenance efficiency throughout its entire life cycle.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancing the understanding of the background of this invention, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, system, medium, and equipment for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations. By deploying various sensors on the circuit breaker, such as vibration acceleration sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and ultra-high frequency sensors, real-time acquisition of multiple physical signals throughout the opening and closing process is achieved. Furthermore, by utilizing time-frequency analysis, waveform comparison, and feature extraction algorithms, quantitative analysis is performed on key signals such as the peak value of vibration signals, the main frequency of ultrasonic signals, and the peak number of pulses of ultra-high frequency signals.

[0006] A method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations includes:

[0007] Step 1: Install an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor on the circuit breaker housing;

[0008] Step 2: Measure the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in the non-operational state;

[0009] Step 3: Introduce the circuit breaker closing operation sequence number i, set i=0, perform the circuit breaker closing operation, and measure the vibration acceleration signal ah under the circuit breaker closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t);

[0010] Step 4: Perform the circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the circuit breaker tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t);

[0011] Step 5: Determine if i≥4 is satisfied. If satisfied, calculate the peak vibration signal Ah of each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i If i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4; if not satisfied, let i = i + 1 and return to step 3;

[0012] Step 6: Determine whether the error between each group of data under the switching and closing operations of this group meets the 20% threshold range. If not, return to step 3.

[0013] Step 7: Calculate the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal, under the opening and closing operations with the peak value closest to it are taken, i.e., ah. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0014] In the aforementioned method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the vibration acceleration signal is standardized by calculating the peak value of the vibration acceleration signal.

[0015] For the peak value to be the maximum value of a single peak in the vibration time-domain waveform:

[0016] (1)

[0017] (2)

[0018] In the formula, Ah i ,Af i The peak value of the vibration acceleration signal; ah i (t), af i (t) represents the vibration acceleration signal; n represents the number of closing and opening cycles.

[0019] In the aforementioned on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the mechanical process of the zero-input response equivalent discharge of the second-order circuit is as follows:

[0020] sound pressure level u c Satisfy the following equation:

[0021] (3)

[0022] Solving equation (3) yields the sound pressure u. c The expression is as follows:

[0023] (4)

[0024] In the formula, Resistance R m Equivalent to a force-resistance element, representing the resistance of a mechanical system; inductance L m Equivalent to a mass element, representing the inertia of a mechanical system; capacitance C m Equivalent to a force-compliant element, characterizing the elasticity of the mechanical system; voltage u c The elastic force of equivalent SF6 gas expanding outward is proportional to the sound pressure.

[0025] In the aforementioned on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, a dynamic vector A and a dynamic scalar φ are introduced to transform Maxwell's fundamental equations into dynamic potential equations:

[0026] (5)

[0027] Equation (5) represents the dynamic position and the excitation source. and current density The relationship between them Let ε be the spatial distribution of charge, and ε be the dielectric constant of the medium. The solution is expressed as:

[0028] (6).

[0029] In the aforementioned method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the standardization processing of ultrasonic signals is as follows:

[0030] (7)

[0031] In the formula, Bh i Bf i bh is the dominant frequency of the ultrasound signal. i (t), bf i (t) represents the ultrasonic signal; T represents the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

[0032] In the aforementioned method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the standardization processing of ultra-high frequency signals is as follows:

[0033] (8)

[0034] In the formula, Ch i ,Cf i The peak value of the ultra-high frequency pulse number; chi(t), The signal is a UHF signal; T is the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

[0035] In the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the terminal used for detection is connected to the acceleration sensor, ultrasonic sensor and ultra-high frequency sensor via a data acquisition card.

[0036] A system for implementing the method includes:

[0037] The data acquisition module includes an accelerometer, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor arranged on the circuit breaker housing. It measures the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in a non-operating state. Setting i=0, it performs a circuit breaker closing operation and measures the vibration acceleration signal ah under the closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t); Perform circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the circuit breaker tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t);

[0038] The calculation module determines whether i ≥ 4. If so, it calculates the peak vibration signal Ah for each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Chi And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i Determine whether the error between each group of data under the switching and closing operations of this group meets the 20% threshold range.

[0039] The generation module calculates the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under both opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal, under the opening and closing operations with the peak value closest to it are taken, i.e., ah. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0040] A computer storage medium including computer instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method.

[0041] An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0042] Memory, processor, and computer programs stored in memory and executable on the processor, wherein,

[0043] The processor implements the method when executing the program.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: Through multi-parameter fusion, multiple experimental verifications, standardization processing, mathematical modeling, and graph construction, this invention achieves accurate capture and feature extraction of the transient characteristics of circuit breakers under opening and closing operations. The synergistic effect of these key technologies not only improves the accuracy and stability of the detection results but also provides a solid technical foundation for circuit breaker fault diagnosis, life assessment, and intelligent operation and maintenance, enabling precise diagnosis of the circuit breaker's opening and closing performance and health status, and improving its operation and maintenance efficiency throughout its entire lifecycle. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0046] In the attached diagram:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It refers to the sensor arrangement method;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the results of on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker closing operation using the method of this invention. Figure 3 In the middle (a), the characteristic spectrum of vibration acceleration is shown. Figure 3 (b) shows the characteristic spectrum of ultrasound signals. Figure 3 (c) is a feature spectrum of UHF signals;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the results of on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker tripping operation using the method of this invention. Figure 4 In the middle (a), the characteristic spectrum of vibration acceleration is shown. Figure 4 (b) shows the characteristic spectrum of ultrasound signals. Figure 4 (c) is a feature map of UHF signals.

[0051] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0052] Specific embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0053] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the appended claims.

[0054] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the on-site testing method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations includes the following steps:

[0056] Step 1: Install an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor on the circuit breaker housing;

[0057] Step 2: Measure the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in the non-operational state;

[0058] Step 3: Introduce the circuit breaker closing operation sequence number i, set i=0, perform the circuit breaker closing operation, and measure the vibration acceleration signal ah under the circuit breaker closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t);

[0059] Step 4: Perform the circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the circuit breaker tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t);

[0060] Step 5: Determine if i≥4 is satisfied. If satisfied, calculate the peak vibration signal Ah of each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cfi If i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4; if not satisfied, let i = i + 1 and return to step 3;

[0061] Step 6: Determine whether the error between each group of data under the switching and closing operations of this group meets the 20% threshold range. If not, return to step 3.

[0062] Step 7: Calculate the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal, under the opening and closing operations with the peak value closest to it are taken, i.e., ah. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment of the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the vibration acceleration signal is standardized by calculating the peak value of the vibration acceleration signal.

[0064] For the peak value to be the maximum value of a single peak in the vibration time-domain waveform:

[0065] (1)

[0066] (2)

[0067] In the formula, Ah i ,Af i The peak value of the vibration acceleration signal; ah i (t), af i (t) represents the vibration acceleration signal; n represents the number of closing and opening cycles.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the mechanical process of the zero-input response equivalent discharge of the second-order circuit is as follows:

[0069] sound pressure level u c Satisfy the following equation:

[0070] (3)

[0071] Solving equation (3) yields the sound pressure u. c The expression is as follows:

[0072] (4)

[0073] In the formula, Resistance R m Equivalent to a force-resistance element, representing the resistance of a mechanical system; inductance L m Equivalent to a mass element, representing the inertia of a mechanical system; capacitance C m Equivalent to a force-compliant element, characterizing the elasticity of the mechanical system; voltage u c It is equivalent to the elastic force of SF6 gas expanding outward, and is proportional to the sound pressure.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment of the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, a dynamic vector A and a dynamic scalar φ are introduced to transform Maxwell's fundamental equations into dynamic potential equations:

[0075] (5)

[0076] Equation (5) represents the dynamic position and the excitation source. and current density The relationship between them Let ε be the spatial distribution of charge, and ε be the dielectric constant of the medium. The solution is expressed as:

[0077] (6).

[0078] In a preferred embodiment of the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the ultrasonic signal is standardized as follows:

[0079] (7)

[0080] In the formula, Bh i Bf i bh is the dominant frequency of the ultrasound signal. i (t), bf i (t) represents the ultrasonic signal; T represents the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment of the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the standardization processing of ultra-high frequency signals is as follows:

[0082] (8)

[0083] In the formula, Ch i ,Cf i The peak value of the ultra-high frequency pulse number; chi(t), The signal is a UHF signal; T is the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment of the on-site detection method for multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, the terminal used for detection is connected to the acceleration sensor, ultrasonic sensor and ultra-high frequency sensor via a data acquisition card.

[0085] A system for implementing the method includes:

[0086] The data acquisition module includes an accelerometer, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor arranged on the circuit breaker housing. It measures the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in a non-operating state. Setting i=0, it performs a circuit breaker closing operation and measures the vibration acceleration signal ah under the closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t); Perform circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the circuit breaker tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t);

[0087] The calculation module determines whether i ≥ 4. If so, it calculates the peak vibration signal Ah for each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i Determine whether the error between each group of data under the switching and closing operations of this group meets the 20% threshold range.

[0088] The generation module calculates the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under both opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal, under the opening and closing operations with the peak value closest to it are taken, i.e., ah. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0089] A computer storage medium including computer instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method.

[0090] An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0091] Memory, processor, and computer programs stored in memory and executable on the processor, wherein,

[0092] The processor implements the method when executing the program.

[0093] In one embodiment, the method for solving the transient electrothermal response characteristics of a surge arrester includes the following steps:

[0094] Step 1: Install an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor on the circuit breaker housing;

[0095] Step 2: Measure the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in the non-operational state.

[0096] Step 3: Set i=0, perform the closing operation, and measure the vibration acceleration signal ah under the closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t);

[0097] Step 4: Perform the circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t);

[0098] Step 5: Determine if i≥4 is satisfied. If satisfied, calculate the peak vibration signal Ah of each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i (i=0,1,2,3,4); if not satisfied, let i=i+1 and return to step 3;

[0099] Step 6: Determine whether the error between each group of data under the closing operation of this group meets the 20% threshold range. If not, return to step 3 until the dispersion of each group of data is low.

[0100] Step 7: Calculate the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under opening and closing operations. m ,Af mThe vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic and ultra-high frequency signals, under the opening and closing operations whose peak values ​​are closest to the value are taken, i.e., ah. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0101] The multi-parameter transient characteristics of the circuit breaker under opening and closing operations are characterized by standardizing the vibration signal by calculating the peak value of the vibration signal.

[0102] For the peak value to be the maximum value of a single peak in the vibration time-domain waveform:

[0103] (1)

[0104] (2)

[0105] In the formula, Ah i ,Af i The peak value of the vibration acceleration signal; ah i (t), af i (t) represents the vibration acceleration signal; n represents the number of closing and opening cycles.

[0106] The multi-parameter transient characteristics of the circuit breaker under opening and closing operations are characterized by using an electro-mechanical-acoustic analogy method to study the characteristics of acoustic signals. The basic idea is to use the zero-input response of a second-order circuit to represent the mechanical process of discharge.

[0107] Based on the above line of thought, sound pressure u c Satisfy the following equation:

[0108] (3)

[0109] Solving equation (3) yields the sound pressure u. c The expression is as follows:

[0110] (4)

[0111] In the formula, Resistance R m Equivalent to a force-resistance element, representing the resistance of a mechanical system; inductance L m Equivalent to a mass element, representing the inertia of a mechanical system; capacitance C m Equivalent to a force-compliant element, characterizing the elasticity of the mechanical system; voltage u c It is equivalent to the elastic force of SF6 gas expanding outward, and is proportional to the sound pressure.

[0112] The multi-parameter transient characteristics under the opening and closing operations of the circuit breaker are characterized by the introduction of a dynamic vector A and a dynamic scalar φ, which transforms Maxwell's fundamental equations into the following dynamic potential equations:

[0113] (5)

[0114] Equation (5) represents the dynamic position and the excitation source. and current density The relationship between them, let Let ε be the spatial distribution of charge and ε be the dielectric constant of the medium. The solution can be expressed as:

[0115] (6)

[0116] The multi-parameter transient characteristics of the circuit breaker under opening and closing operations are characterized by the standardized processing of ultrasonic signals:

[0117] (7)

[0118] In the formula, Bh i Bf i bh is the dominant frequency of the ultrasound signal. i (t), bf i (t) represents the ultrasonic signal; T represents the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

[0119] The multi-parameter transient characteristics of the circuit breaker under opening and closing operations are characterized by the standardized processing of ultra-high frequency signals:

[0120] (8)

[0121] In the formula, Ch i ,Cf i The peak value of the ultra-high frequency pulse number; chi(t), The signal is a UHF signal; T is the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

[0122] A computer-readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, characterized in that: the one or more programs include instructions that, when executed by a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

[0123] A computing device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0124] One or more processors, one or more memories, and one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the one or more memories and configured to be executed by the one or more processors, and the one or more programs include instructions for performing the method described therein.

[0125] In one embodiment, the method involves arranging an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor on the circuit breaker housing to measure the circuit breaker vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) under non-operational conditions; measuring the transient vibration acceleration signal, ultrasonic signal, and ultra-high frequency signal under five sets of closing operations; and calculating the characteristic quantity Ah of each set of test data. i Bh i Ch i and Af i Bf i ,Cf i (i=0,1,2,3,4); Determine whether the dispersion of characteristic quantities of each group of test data under the opening and closing operation is small; Calculate the mean peak value Ah of the vibration signal under the opening and closing operation. m ,Af m Take the peak value and the switching multi-parameter transient characteristic ah that is closest to it. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0126] In one embodiment, the method includes,

[0127] Step 1: Install an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor on the circuit breaker housing;

[0128] Step 2: Measure the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in the non-operational state.

[0129] Step 3: Set i=0, perform the closing operation, and measure the vibration acceleration signal ah under the closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t);

[0130] Step 4: Perform the circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t);

[0131] Step 5: Determine if i≥4 is satisfied. If satisfied, calculate the peak vibration signal Ah of each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i (i=0,1,2,3,4); if not satisfied, let i=i+1 and return to step 3;

[0132] Step 6: Determine whether the error between each group of data under the closing operation of this group meets the 20% threshold range. If not, return to step 3 until the dispersion of each group of data is low.

[0133] Step 7: Calculate the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic and ultra-high frequency signals, under the opening and closing operations whose peak values ​​are closest to the value are taken, i.e., ah. x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

[0134] Example

[0135] Taking the multi-parameter transient characteristics of a 750kV tank-type circuit breaker during opening and closing in operation as an example, the feasibility of this solution is illustrated. In this embodiment, Figure 2 Various sensor arrangement methods.

[0136] Figure 3 The results of multi-parameter transient characteristic testing under the closing operation of this circuit breaker are as follows. Figure 3 Image (a) shows the characteristic spectrum of vibration acceleration, with a peak acceleration of 25.6g, or 250.88 m / s². 2 , Figure 3 Image (b) shows the characteristic spectrum of the ultrasound signal, with a dominant frequency of 5 kHz. Figure 3 (c) shows the characteristic spectrum of the UHF signal, with a peak pulse count of 3756.

[0137] Figure 4 The results of multi-parameter transient characteristic testing under the circuit breaker's opening operation are as follows. Figure 4Image (a) shows the characteristic spectrum of vibration acceleration, with a peak acceleration of 59.6g, or 584.08 m / s². 2 , Figure 4 Image (b) shows the characteristic spectrum of the ultrasound signal, with a dominant frequency of 14 kHz. Figure 4 (c) is the UHF signal characteristic spectrum, with a peak pulse count of 4763.

[0138] Depend on Figure 3 , Figure 4 As can be seen, the accuracy rate of detecting the multi-parameter transient characteristics of the 750kV tank-type circuit breaker during opening and closing operations can reach 100%. Therefore, the identification method of this invention can effectively detect the multi-parameter transient characteristics of the circuit breaker during opening and closing operations, which is of great significance for its design optimization and fault early warning.

[0139] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code. The solutions in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various computer languages, such as the object-oriented programming language Java and the interpreted scripting language JavaScript.

[0140] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0141] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0142] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0143] This invention relates to a multi-sensor arrangement and signal acquisition system (accelerometer, ultrasonic sensor, and UHF sensor). Multiple sensors are arranged on the circuit breaker housing to collect vibration acceleration signals, ultrasonic signals, and UHF signals. This enables the simultaneous acquisition of multi-physical field information, including mechanical vibration, partial discharge, and electromagnetic waves generated during the circuit breaker's opening and closing processes. It provides a comprehensive data foundation to support subsequent feature extraction and condition assessment. This facilitates non-intrusive online monitoring, improving the safety and reliability of equipment operation.

[0144] When the circuit breaker is not in operation, its original signal under steady-state conditions is collected as reference data to establish a "background signal" model under normal conditions, facilitating subsequent comparison and analysis with dynamic signals during the operation. This eliminates environmental noise interference and improves fault identification accuracy. It provides a benchmark for standardized processing and enhances data comparability. Multiple repeated operations and data acquisitions (i=0 to i≥4) are performed on the circuit breaker to obtain multiple sets of repeated data, and the statistical consistency requirements are determined. This improves the statistical reliability of the data and avoids random errors caused by single operations. The peak mean is calculated using multiple sets of data to reduce the impact of random fluctuations. This ensures the representativeness and stability of the final generated feature spectrum. Vibration acceleration, ultrasonic main frequency, and UHF pulse count are normalized or standardized. This eliminates numerical deviations between different samples caused by measurement conditions, equipment differences, etc. It unifies the dimensions and scales of various parameters, facilitating multi-parameter fusion analysis. This improves the comparability between feature spectra and helps establish unified diagnostic standards. This paper transforms Maxwell's equations into dynamic potential equations, introducing A (vector potential) and φ (scalar potential) as intermediate variables to simplify the solution process of complex electromagnetic field problems. It is suitable for modeling transient electromagnetic processes inside circuit breakers. This helps in understanding the electromagnetic radiation phenomena accompanying circuit breaker opening and closing, especially the generation mechanism of ultra-high frequency signals. It supports theoretical research on electromagnetic-mechanical coupling behavior, providing a mathematical basis for fault prediction. A second-order RLC circuit model is used to simulate the sound pressure change process induced by SF6 gas expansion. The mechanical mechanism of acoustic signal generation during circuit breaker opening and closing is revealed. An equivalent model from mechanical vibration to acoustic emission is established for quantitative analysis. This provides theoretical support for ultrasonic signal feature extraction and anomaly identification. By comparing the proximity of peak values ​​to mean values, the most representative signal combinations are selected as feature maps. Standard feature templates under typical operating conditions are constructed for subsequent state identification and trend analysis. This improves the matching accuracy and response speed of fault early warning systems. It provides a visual basis for equipment health status assessment. Consistency checks are performed on multiple operation data; if the requirements are not met, data is re-collected. The selected data is guaranteed to have good repeatability and stability. Avoid misjudgments caused by abnormal operation or sudden disturbances. Improve the robustness and practicality of the overall detection system. Construct a complete hardware and software system architecture, integrating data acquisition, signal processing, feature extraction, and map generation functions. Achieve automated and intelligent circuit breaker condition detection. Improve detection efficiency and reduce manual intervention. Facilitate deployment at substation sites for remote monitoring and diagnosis.

[0145] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and application fields described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, and all of these are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Install an acceleration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor on the circuit breaker housing; Step 2: Measure the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in the non-operational state; Step 3: Introduce the circuit breaker closing operation sequence number i, set i=0, perform the circuit breaker closing operation, and measure the vibration acceleration signal ah under the circuit breaker closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t); Step 4: Perform the circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the circuit breaker tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t); Step 5: Determine if i≥4 is satisfied. If satisfied, calculate the peak vibration signal Ah of each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i If i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4; if not satisfied, let i = i + 1 and return to step 3; Step 6: Determine whether the error between each group of data under the switching and closing operations of this group meets the 20% threshold range. If not, return to step 3. Step 7: Calculate the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal, under the opening and closing operations with the peak value closest to it are taken, i.e., ah x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

2. The method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Preferably, the vibration acceleration signal is standardized by calculating the peak value of the vibration acceleration signal: For the peak value to be the maximum value of a single peak in the vibration time-domain waveform: (1)； (2)； In the formula, Ah i ,Af i The peak value of the vibration acceleration signal; ah i (t), af i (t) represents the vibration acceleration signal; n represents the number of closing and opening cycles.

3. The method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical process of zero-input response equivalent discharge in a second-order circuit: sound pressure level u c Satisfy the following equation: (3)； Solving equation (3) yields the sound pressure u. c The expression is as follows: (4)； In the formula, Resistance R m Equivalent to a force-resistance element, representing the resistance of a mechanical system; inductance L m Equivalent to a mass element, representing the inertia of a mechanical system; capacitance C m Equivalent to a force-compliant element, characterizing the elasticity of the mechanical system; voltage u c It is equivalent to the elastic force of SF6 gas expanding outward, and is proportional to the sound pressure.

4. The method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, By introducing a dynamic vector A and a dynamic scalar φ, Maxwell's fundamental equations are transformed into dynamic potential equations: (5)； Equation (5) represents the dynamic position and the excitation source. and current density The relationship between them Let ε be the spatial distribution of charge, and ε be the dielectric constant of the medium. The solution is expressed as: (6)。 5. The method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Standardization of ultrasound signals: (7)； In the formula, Bh i Bf i bh is the dominant frequency of the ultrasound signal. i (t), bf i (t) represents the ultrasonic signal; T represents the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

6. The method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Standardization processing of UHF signals: (8)； In the formula, Ch i ,Cf i The peak value of the ultra-high frequency pulse number; chi(t), The signal is a UHF signal; T is the signal acquisition time during closing and opening.

7. The method for on-site detection of multi-parameter transient characteristics under circuit breaker opening and closing operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal used for detection is connected to the accelerometer, ultrasonic sensor, and ultra-high frequency sensor via a data acquisition card.

8. A system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes: The data acquisition module includes an accelerometer, an ultrasonic sensor, and an ultra-high frequency sensor arranged on the circuit breaker housing. It measures the vibration acceleration signal a0(t), ultrasonic signal b0(t), and ultra-high frequency signal c0(t) of the circuit breaker in a non-operating state. Setting i=0, it performs a circuit breaker closing operation and measures the vibration acceleration signal ah under the closing operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bh i (t), UHF signal ch i (t); Perform circuit breaker tripping operation and measure the vibration acceleration signal af under the circuit breaker tripping operation. i (t), ultrasonic signal bf i (t), UHF signal cf i (t); The calculation module determines whether i ≥ 4. If so, it calculates the peak vibration signal Ah for each data set under the closing operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bh i The peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Ch i And the peak value Af of the vibration signal for each group of data under the tripping operation. i The dominant frequency of the ultrasonic signal, Bf i Peak number of ultra-high frequency pulses Cf i Determine whether the error between each group of data under the switching and closing operations of this group meets the 20% threshold range. The generation module calculates the average peak value Ah of the vibration signal under both opening and closing operations. m ,Af m The vibration acceleration signal, along with the corresponding ultrasonic signal and ultra-high frequency signal, under the opening and closing operations with the peak value closest to it are taken, i.e., ah x (t), bh x (t), ch x (t) and af x (t), bf x (t), cf x (t) serves as the characteristic spectrum of the circuit breaker.

9. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium includes computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: Memory, processor, and computer programs stored in memory and executable on the processor, wherein, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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