Method and system for directionally lifting low-maintenance habitat in mechanical construction disturbance area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecology, discloses a mechanical construction disturbance area low-maintenance habitat directional lifting method, and aims to improve the water-retaining property and nutrient durability of soil in a construction disturbance area, quickly recover vegetation coverage and construct a stable ecological system. Due to the low-maintenance ecological habitat design, the later maintenance cost is remarkably reduced, and the sustainability of ecological engineering is enhanced. Construction and treatment measure optimization are guided through a quantitative evaluation model, and the comprehensive benefit targets of high efficiency, low cost and eco-friendliness are achieved. The method is suitable for various power transmission and transformation project construction disturbance areas, and has strong applicability and general popularization value. And rapid vegetation recovery: the vegetation coverage rate of the construction area reaches more than 80% within 3-6 months. The multi-layer vegetation structure improves the ecological stress resistance of the area, and external interference is reduced. The natural growth of vegetation communities is realized, and the later irrigation and fertilization requirements are reduced by more than 50%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ecological technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for targeted improvement of low-maintenance habitats in areas disturbed by mechanized construction. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion and water shortage: Ecological degradation caused by soil structure damage, severe rainwater runoff, and nutrient loss following mechanized construction. Difficult vegetation restoration and high maintenance costs: Disturbed areas suffer from poor plant species adaptability, community instability, slow recovery, and the need for costly maintenance. Lack of comprehensive assessment guidance for optimization: The economic, ecological, and environmental impacts of soil and water conservation programs are difficult to quantify and analyze, resulting in a lack of targeted remediation measures.

[0003] 1. Soil erosion and insufficient water supply

[0004] Mechanized construction has significantly damaged soil structure, resulting in a marked decrease in soil permeability, water retention, and fertility. Reduced vegetation cover and increased rainwater runoff further exacerbate soil erosion and nutrient loss, leading to decreased soil moisture content and uneven water and fertilizer distribution, creating a vicious cycle. This situation not only degrades the regional ecological environment but also severely hinders subsequent vegetation restoration efforts.

[0005] 2. The problem of difficulty in vegetation restoration and high maintenance costs

[0006] In areas disturbed by construction, the vegetation restoration cycle is prolonged due to soil degradation and poor plant adaptability. Initial vegetation cover is low, community structure is unstable, plant growth is slow, and the ecosystem is difficult to restore quickly. Furthermore, traditional vegetation restoration methods typically require significant labor and material inputs, resulting in high maintenance costs, which does not meet the sustainable development requirements of low-cost, low-maintenance ecological engineering.

[0007] 3. Lack of comprehensive assessment and guidance for soil and water conservation.

[0008] Current regional governance measures often lack scientific and systematic comprehensive evaluation methods, making it difficult to quantify and analyze the economic and ecological benefits of soil and water conservation programs, as well as their overall environmental impact. This deficiency leads to a lack of targeted governance measures, making it impossible to optimize and adjust them according to the actual conditions of different regions, thereby affecting the effectiveness of governance and the efficiency of resource utilization.

[0009] 4. Overall shortcomings of existing technologies

[0010] In summary, existing technologies have significant shortcomings in addressing soil erosion and water shortage, vegetation restoration and maintenance costs, and the evaluation and optimization of remediation solutions. In particular, effective technical means and comprehensive solutions are lacking in areas such as soil water and fertilizer management, selection of suitable plants, construction of vegetation community stability, and economic and ecological analysis of remediation programs. These problems urgently require innovative methods and systematic improvements to meet practical application needs and achieve sustainable development goals. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for targeted lifting of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas.

[0012] This invention is implemented as follows: a method for targeted lifting of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1: Soil improvement and optimization regulation;

[0014] In-situ observation combined with a high-precision evaporation model was used to monitor the water-holding capacity, pore structure and nutrient loss rate of disturbed soil in real time, and key factors affecting soil stability were screened based on principal component analysis.

[0015] By combining evaporation models and soil moisture dynamics data, the combination of soil amendments is dynamically adjusted and the ratio is optimized.

[0016] A composite system of polymer stabilizer and multi-component water-retaining agent is adopted, which is composed of cross-linked polyacrylamide, nano silica sol and natural humate.

[0017] The high-efficiency pulse deep tillage-local directional infiltration technology is adopted, combined with the soil structure of the disturbed area, to control the mixing depth of the amendment in layers;

[0018] S2: Screening of stress-tolerant plants based on ecological function optimization;

[0019] A plant adaptability-ecological function coupling model was constructed, which comprehensively considered the drought resistance, nitrogen fixation capacity, root soil-fixing capacity and biodiversity promotion effect of plants, and screened the optimal plant combination.

[0020] A multi-level root distribution optimization technique was adopted to optimize the configuration ratio of herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees when constructing the community by combining the root depth of plants and the soil moisture gradient.

[0021] By using DNA barcoding technology and niche differentiation analysis, specific plant combinations that promote soil microbial communities were selected to form a stable plant-microbe symbiotic network.

[0022] S3: Directional hydroseeding-ecological infiltration regulation technology;

[0023] A two-component hydroseeding substrate is used, wherein substrate A contains a polymer gel-soil stabilizer complex and substrate B contains an organic matter-mineral mixture. During the hydroseeding process, the two are sprayed alternately to form a gradient solidification layer.

[0024] A multidimensional slope-hydrodynamics hydroseeding optimization model was adopted to adjust the hydroseeding speed, pressure and seed distribution density according to the regional slope, wind speed and soil permeability.

[0025] By combining superabsorbent polymer microencapsulation technology with seed coating, the drought resistance of seeds is improved, while promoting seed germination.

[0026] S4: Soil and Water Conservation - Dynamic Monitoring and Assessment

[0027] Using non-contact laser scanning and time-series image analysis, vegetation coverage and soil erosion rate are monitored in real time, and vegetation growth trends are analyzed through computer vision algorithms.

[0028] A dynamic infiltration-evaporation composite model was used, combined with soil moisture sensor data, to assess water retention capacity and optimize vegetation configuration and irrigation strategies.

[0029] S5: Bayesian Network Optimization - Intelligent Control Model

[0030] A Bayesian network model based on the Markov Monte Carlo method was used to integrate multi-dimensional data such as soil properties, plant species, rainfall, and hydroseeding parameters to predict the ecological restoration effect and optimize key parameters.

[0031] Through adaptive incremental learning, the weight parameters of the model are dynamically adjusted to make it more adaptable to different climatic conditions and geological environments.

[0032] Comparative experiments were conducted in different experimental areas, and model parameters were adjusted based on data feedback.

[0033] S6: Ecological Optimization Goals - Comprehensive Regulation Strategies

[0034] Based on the ecological benefit assessment results, a dynamic feedback system of plants, soil and water resources is established to optimize planting density and water resource utilization efficiency, so as to achieve a low-maintenance and eco-friendly restoration strategy.

[0035] By combining climate change prediction models, long-term ecological benefits can be predicted, and vegetation restoration targets can be adjusted to ensure that the restored areas can maintain high stability under climate fluctuations.

[0036] Furthermore, the aforementioned soil improvement and optimization regulation:

[0037] (1) Specific combinations of soil conditioners

[0038] To address the issues of loose soil, poor water retention, and rapid nutrient loss in the construction disturbance area, the following combination of soil conditioners was selected:

[0039] Water-retaining agent: cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM) + nano silica sol (SiO2) + natural fulvic acid salt. PAM improves soil structure, silica sol enhances soil particle stability, and fulvic acid salt promotes microbial activity.

[0040] Soil stabilizer: Calcium phosphate-chitosan composite stabilizer is used to form a stable granular structure;

[0041] Organic matter supplementation: Add biochar + humic acid;

[0042] (2) Soil improvement methods

[0043] In-situ observation + evaporation model analysis: Using a time-domain reflectometry (TDR) soil moisture sensor and an evaporation simulation model, the soil evapotranspiration rate was obtained, and key influencing factors were screened through principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the optimal water-retaining agent ratio;

[0044] Mechanical deep tillage + pulse spraying of soil amendment: The pulse high-pressure spraying system is used to evenly mix the soil amendment to a depth of 20-50cm to ensure that the soil amendment fully penetrates.

[0045] Furthermore, the screening of stress-tolerant plants based on ecological function optimization:

[0046] 1) Plant species selection

[0047] Specific plant combinations were screened using a plant adaptability-ecological function coupling model, taking into account drought resistance, nitrogen fixation capacity, root soil-fixing capacity, and biodiversity promotion effect. The following plants were selected:

[0048] Herbaceous layer: Kentucky bluegrass, alfalfa, ryegrass;

[0049] Shrub layer: Amorpha fruticosa, Caragana korshinskii;

[0050] Tree layer: Pinus tabuliformis, Populus tomentosa;

[0051] 2) Plant configuration methods

[0052] Multi-layer root distribution optimization: matching soil layers according to root depth to ensure maximum water use efficiency;

[0053] Niche differentiation analysis: DNA barcoding technology was used to screen for the optimal plant combination.

[0054] Furthermore, the directional hydroseeding-ecological infiltration regulation technology:

[0055] (1) Optimization of hydroseeding materials and parameters

[0056] Two-component hydroseeding substrate is used:

[0057] Matrix A (rapid soil stabilization layer): polymer gel + soil stabilizer + hydroseeding fiber

[0058] Matrix B (Nutrient Release Layer): Organic matter + Minerals + Slow-release fertilizer

[0059] Hydroseeding parameters:

[0060] Adjust the spraying pressure according to the slope (slope <15°, pressure 0.4MPa; slope 15-30°, pressure 0.6MPa; slope >30°, pressure 0.8MPa);

[0061] The spraying radius was calculated using a wind speed-hydrodynamics spraying optimization model.

[0062] (2) Seed treatment technology

[0063] Microencapsulation technology: Seeds are encapsulated using superabsorbent polymers;

[0064] Photocatalytically activated coating: Incorporation of nano-TiO2;

[0065] S4: Soil and Water Conservation - Dynamic Monitoring and Assessment

[0066] Monitoring technology

[0067] Non-contact laser scanning: using LiDAR technology to scan the ground surface and monitor vegetation cover and erosion changes in real time;

[0068] Temporal image analysis: A drone equipped with a multispectral camera uses computer vision algorithms to analyze vegetation growth trends;

[0069] Soil and water conservation assessment

[0070] Dynamic infiltration-evaporation composite model: Combining TDR soil moisture sensor data to analyze dynamic changes in soil moisture;

[0071] S5: Bayesian Network Optimization - Intelligent Control Model

[0072] Bayesian network construction

[0073] By combining data on soil characteristics, plant species, rainfall, and hydroseeding parameters, a Markov Monte Carlo (MCMC) optimization model was constructed to predict the restoration effect.

[0074] Adaptive Incremental Learning

[0075] Optimize model weights based on historical data to improve adaptability to different environmental conditions;

[0076] Optimize parameter adjustments:

[0077] If the vegetation coverage is less than 70%, adjust the hydroseeding density by 10%.

[0078] If the soil erosion rate is >10t / ha / year, increase the amount of water-retaining agent by +5%;

[0079] S6: Ecological Optimization Goals - Comprehensive Regulation Strategies

[0080] Ecological Feedback System

[0081] By combining IoT data collection, a dynamic feedback system for vegetation, soil and water resources can be established to adjust management strategies in real time.

[0082] Adjust planting density based on ecological benefit assessment;

[0083] Long-term stability optimization

[0084] By combining climate change prediction models, we can adjust future planting strategies to ensure that vegetation restoration areas can maintain stability under different climatic conditions.

[0085] Furthermore, S1 also includes:

[0086] (1) Analysis of soil moisture content and distribution of water and fertilizer factors

[0087] Model construction: A soil moisture content distribution model was used.

[0088]

[0089] in:

[0090] θ(x, y) represents the soil moisture content;

[0091] A i This refers to the amplitude (reflecting the range of moisture fluctuations);

[0092] λ i Wavelength (reflecting the impact of topographic changes on moisture);

[0093] w i Frequency of change (the rate at which time changes);

[0094] This is the phase offset.

[0095] Experimental methods:

[0096] In-situ observation experiment: Multiple monitoring points were set up using soil moisture sensors to record the changes in soil moisture content over time and space every hour;

[0097] Indoor rainfall simulation experiment: Simulate different rainfall intensities using artificial rainfall equipment, record soil water and fertilizer loss, and analyze the migration patterns of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients;

[0098] (2) Optimization of water conservation benefits

[0099] Evaporation model: Evaporation rate is calculated using the Penman-Monteith formula.

[0100]

[0101] in:

[0102] E t Evaporation amount;

[0103] R n Net radiative flux;

[0104] G represents the Earth's surface heat flux;

[0105] △ represents the rate of change of evaporation potential;

[0106] Pa is the density of air;

[0107] C p The specific heat capacity of air;

[0108] e s and e a These are the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure;

[0109] r s and r a These are respectively porosity resistance and aerodynamic drag;

[0110] Water conservation facility design:

[0111] Slope rainwater harvesting facilities: Design a trapezoidal collection trough and optimize the trough width according to a formula.

[0112]

[0113] in:

[0114] Q represents the target water collection volume;

[0115] η represents rainfall utilization rate;

[0116] P represents the average annual rainfall.

[0117] Furthermore, S2 and S3 also include:

[0118] (1) Plant selection and community composition:

[0119] Plant selection criteria:

[0120] Drought resistance index (measured by water use efficiency, WUE):

[0121]

[0122] Erosion resistance (root density, soil fixation coefficient, etc.);

[0123] Plant community structure:

[0124] Evaluating the ecological stability of plant communities based on the Shannon diversity index:

[0125] in:

[0126] P i The relative coverage of the i-th plant;

[0127] S represents the number of plant species in the community;

[0128] (2) Community mixed seeding and hydroseeding technology

[0129] Functional plants are mixed and sown using hydroseeding technology:

[0130] The plant seeds are mixed in a certain proportion, and the proportion optimization model is as follows:

[0131]

[0132] maximize Determine the optimal ratio.

[0133] Furthermore, S3 also includes:

[0134] (1) Constructing an evaluation index system

[0135] The indicators include:

[0136] Mechanization rate (M): The proportion of the area improved by mechanical equipment;

[0137] Economic efficiency (C): The ratio of input to return per unit area;

[0138] Soil and water conservation effect (S): the degree of reduction in soil erosion rate;

[0139] The comprehensive evaluation model is as follows:

[0140] E = w m M+w c C+w s S

[0141] in:

[0142] w m The weights are determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

[0143] (2) Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

[0144] A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of soil and water conservation was conducted.

[0145] Constructing a fuzzy matrix:

[0146]

[0147] r ij This represents the membership degree of indicator i to evaluation level j;

[0148] Overall evaluation results:

[0149] B=WR

[0150] W is the weight vector, and R is the fuzzy matrix;

[0151] (3) Constructing a Bayesian network optimization and governance scheme

[0152] Analyzing sensitivity factors using Bayesian network models:

[0153] Assume the sensitivity factors are X1, X2, ..., X n With Y as the target variable, construct the conditional probability distribution:

[0154]

[0155] The optimization plan adjusts soil improvement, plant selection, and hydroseeding schemes based on the probability changes of sensitive factors.

[0156] Another objective of this invention is to provide a mechanized construction disturbance area low-maintenance habitat directional lifting system for implementing the aforementioned mechanized construction disturbance area low-maintenance habitat directional lifting method, the system comprising:

[0157] The soil improvement and optimization module is used to monitor the water-holding capacity, pore structure, and nutrient loss rate of disturbed soil in real time using in-situ observation combined with a high-precision evaporation model, and to screen key factors affecting soil stability based on principal component analysis; it dynamically adjusts the combination of soil amendments and optimizes the ratio by combining evaporation model and soil moisture dynamics data; it adopts a polymer stabilizer-multi-component water-retaining agent composite system, which is composed of cross-linked polyacrylamide, nano-silica sol, and natural humic acid salts; and it uses efficient pulse deep tillage-local directional infiltration technology, combined with the soil structure of the disturbed area, to control the mixing depth of the amendments in layers.

[0158] The stress-tolerant plant screening module is used for screening stress-tolerant plants based on ecological function optimization. It constructs a plant adaptability-ecological function coupling model, comprehensively considering plant drought tolerance, nitrogen fixation capacity, root soil-fixing capacity, and biodiversity-promoting effects to screen optimal plant combinations. Employing multi-level root distribution optimization technology, it optimizes the configuration ratio of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees during community construction, combining plant root depth with soil moisture gradients. Through DNA barcoding technology and niche differentiation analysis, it selects specific plant combinations that promote soil microbial communities, forming a stable plant-microbe symbiotic network.

[0159] The permeability control module is used for directional hydroseeding-ecological permeability control technology. It employs a two-component hydroseeding substrate, where substrate A contains a polymer gel-soil stabilizer complex, and substrate B contains an organic matter-mineral mixture. During hydroseeding, the two are sprayed alternately to form a gradually solidified layer. A multi-dimensional slope-hydrodynamic hydroseeding optimization model is used to adjust the hydroseeding speed, pressure, and seed distribution density according to the regional slope, wind speed, and soil permeability. Combined with superabsorbent polymer microencapsulation seed technology, it improves the seed's drought resistance and promotes seed germination.

[0160] The monitoring and evaluation module is used for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of soil and water conservation. It adopts non-contact laser scanning and time-series image analysis to monitor vegetation coverage and soil erosion rate in real time, and analyzes vegetation growth trends through computer vision algorithms. It uses a dynamic infiltration-evaporation composite model, combined with soil moisture sensor data, to evaluate water retention capacity and optimize vegetation configuration and irrigation strategies.

[0161] The regulation model module is used for Bayesian network optimization-intelligent regulation model; it adopts a Bayesian network model based on the Markov Monte Carlo method, integrates multi-dimensional data such as soil characteristics, plant species, rainfall, and hydroseeding parameters, predicts the ecological restoration effect, and optimizes key parameters; through adaptive incremental learning, it dynamically adjusts the model's weight parameters to make it more adaptable to different climatic conditions and geological environments; comparative experiments are conducted in different experimental areas, and the model parameters are adjusted based on data feedback.

[0162] The regulation strategy module is used for ecological optimization goals and comprehensive regulation strategies. Based on the ecological benefit assessment results, a dynamic feedback system of plants, soil and water resources is established to optimize planting density and water resource utilization efficiency, so as to achieve a low-maintenance and eco-friendly restoration strategy. Combined with climate change prediction models, long-term ecological benefits are predicted and vegetation restoration targets are adjusted so that the restoration area can maintain a high degree of stability under climate fluctuations.

[0163] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, the computer device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the computer program being executed by the processor causing the processor to perform the steps of the method for targeted improvement of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas.

[0164] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for targeted improvement of low-maintenance habitats in areas disturbed by mechanized construction.

[0165] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows:

[0166] This technical solution effectively addresses issues such as unstable soil, low vegetation survival rate, difficulty in soil and water conservation, and uncertain restoration results during the ecological restoration process in areas disturbed by mechanized construction, achieving the goals of low-maintenance, precise, and intelligent ecological restoration.

[0167] 1. Soil improvement innovation: Using cross-linked polyacrylamide + nano silica sol + chitosan composite stabilizer, combined with pulse deep tillage + localized infiltration spraying technology, to achieve efficient soil improvement.

[0168] 2. Plant screening and optimization: Based on the ecological function optimization model and DNA barcode analysis, stress-resistant plants are screened to improve vegetation survival rate and stability.

[0169] 3. Hydroseeding technology optimization: A two-component hydroseeding substrate + microencapsulated seeds are used, combined with a wind speed-hydrodynamics hydroseeding optimization model to improve seed survival rate.

[0170] 4. Intelligent monitoring optimization: Combining LiDAR scanning and multispectral time-series image analysis, dynamic monitoring of vegetation restoration is achieved.

[0171] 5. Intelligent Optimization System: Introducing Bayesian networks, MCMC optimization models, and adaptive incremental learning to enhance the intelligent regulation capabilities for ecological restoration.

[0172] This solution integrates soil optimization, plant selection, intelligent hydroseeding, water and soil monitoring, and intelligent optimization technologies to form a highly efficient, low-maintenance, and intelligent ecological restoration solution, which is particularly suitable for the long-term sustainable ecological restoration of areas disturbed by mechanized construction.

[0173] By implementing scientific soil improvement and vegetation community construction techniques, this method significantly improved the water retention and nutrient persistence of the soil in the construction-disturbed area, effectively controlling soil erosion. Simultaneously, the selection and rational allocation of suitable plants accelerated vegetation cover restoration, successfully establishing a stable ecosystem. The restored area not only possesses excellent erosion resistance but also exhibits enhanced ecological stability and environmental quality, laying the foundation for the long-term sustainable development of the regional ecosystem.

[0174] The methodology was designed to optimize both construction and maintenance costs, and the low-maintenance eco-design significantly reduced subsequent human and resource inputs. For example, the application of drought-tolerant plants and efficient water-retention measures reduced irrigation needs, while the use of substrate stabilizers and physical barriers reduced long-term remediation costs. This low-maintenance, high-efficiency eco-design improved the economic benefits of ecological restoration projects and demonstrated significant advantages for sustainable development throughout the project's lifecycle.

[0175] By introducing a quantitative assessment model, this method achieves comprehensive optimization of multiple objectives in the remediation of construction-disturbed areas. The remediation measures are based on the principles of efficiency, low cost, and eco-friendliness, combining the synergistic effects of soil improvement, vegetation construction, and soil and water conservation technologies to maximize the ecological restoration effect of the area. Dynamic monitoring and optimization measures further ensure the scientific rigor and effectiveness of the remediation of construction-disturbed areas.

[0176] This method possesses good versatility and adaptability, and can be flexibly adjusted according to different terrain conditions (such as low slope and high slope) and construction disturbance characteristics. Its technical system is applicable to various types of construction disturbance areas, including power transmission and transformation projects, mining, and road construction, demonstrating high application value and broad prospects for promotion. Furthermore, the method's implementation steps are clearly defined and highly operable, providing a replicable technical reference for large-scale ecological restoration projects. Attached Figure Description

[0177] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for targeted improvement of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0178] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the suitable plant selection method provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0179] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the community-oriented mixed seeding technology provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0180] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a low-maintenance habitat directional lifting system for mechanized construction disturbance areas provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Detailed Implementation

[0181] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0182] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a method for targeted lifting of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas is provided. The method includes the following steps:

[0183] S1: Soil improvement and optimization regulation;

[0184] In-situ observation combined with a high-precision evaporation model was used to monitor the water-holding capacity, pore structure and nutrient loss rate of disturbed soil in real time, and key factors affecting soil stability were screened based on principal component analysis.

[0185] By combining evaporation models and soil moisture dynamics data, the combination of soil amendments is dynamically adjusted and the ratio is optimized.

[0186] A composite system of polymer stabilizer and multi-component water-retaining agent is adopted, which is composed of cross-linked polyacrylamide, nano silica sol and natural humate.

[0187] The high-efficiency pulse deep tillage-local directional infiltration technology is adopted, combined with the soil structure of the disturbed area, to control the mixing depth of the amendment in layers;

[0188] S2: Screening of stress-tolerant plants based on ecological function optimization;

[0189] A plant adaptability-ecological function coupling model was constructed, which comprehensively considered the drought resistance, nitrogen fixation capacity, root soil-fixing capacity and biodiversity promotion effect of plants, and screened the optimal plant combination.

[0190] A multi-level root distribution optimization technique was adopted to optimize the configuration ratio of herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees when constructing the community by combining the root depth of plants and the soil moisture gradient.

[0191] By using DNA barcoding technology and niche differentiation analysis, specific plant combinations that promote soil microbial communities were selected to form a stable plant-microbe symbiotic network.

[0192] S3: Directional hydroseeding-ecological infiltration regulation technology;

[0193] A two-component hydroseeding substrate is used, wherein substrate A contains a polymer gel-soil stabilizer complex and substrate B contains an organic matter-mineral mixture. During the hydroseeding process, the two are sprayed alternately to form a gradient solidification layer.

[0194] A multidimensional slope-hydrodynamics hydroseeding optimization model was adopted to adjust the hydroseeding speed, pressure and seed distribution density according to the regional slope, wind speed and soil permeability.

[0195] By combining superabsorbent polymer microencapsulation technology with seed coating, the drought resistance of seeds is improved, while promoting seed germination.

[0196] S4: Soil and Water Conservation - Dynamic Monitoring and Assessment

[0197] Using non-contact laser scanning and time-series image analysis, vegetation coverage and soil erosion rate are monitored in real time, and vegetation growth trends are analyzed through computer vision algorithms.

[0198] A dynamic infiltration-evaporation composite model was used, combined with soil moisture sensor data, to assess water retention capacity and optimize vegetation configuration and irrigation strategies.

[0199] S5: Bayesian Network Optimization - Intelligent Control Model

[0200] A Bayesian network model based on the Markov Monte Carlo method was used to integrate multi-dimensional data such as soil properties, plant species, rainfall, and hydroseeding parameters to predict the ecological restoration effect and optimize key parameters.

[0201] Through adaptive incremental learning, the weight parameters of the model are dynamically adjusted to make it more adaptable to different climatic conditions and geological environments.

[0202] Comparative experiments were conducted in different experimental areas, and model parameters were adjusted based on data feedback.

[0203] S6: Ecological Optimization Goals - Comprehensive Regulation Strategies

[0204] Based on the ecological benefit assessment results, a dynamic feedback system of plants, soil and water resources is established to optimize planting density and water resource utilization efficiency, so as to achieve a low-maintenance and eco-friendly restoration strategy.

[0205] By combining climate change prediction models, long-term ecological benefits can be predicted, and vegetation restoration targets can be adjusted to ensure that the restored areas can maintain high stability under climate fluctuations.

[0206] Furthermore, the aforementioned soil improvement and optimization regulation:

[0207] (1) Specific combinations of soil conditioners

[0208] To address the issues of loose soil, poor water retention, and rapid nutrient loss in the construction disturbance area, the following combination of soil conditioners was selected:

[0209] Water-retaining agent: cross-linked polyacrylamide (PAM) + nano silica sol (SiO2) + natural fulvic acid salt. PAM improves soil structure, silica sol enhances soil particle stability, and fulvic acid salt promotes microbial activity.

[0210] Soil stabilizer: Calcium phosphate-chitosan composite stabilizer is used to form a stable granular structure;

[0211] Organic matter supplementation: Add biochar + humic acid;

[0212] (2) Soil improvement methods

[0213] In-situ observation + evaporation model analysis: Using a time-domain reflectometry (TDR) soil moisture sensor and an evaporation simulation model, the soil evapotranspiration rate was obtained, and key influencing factors were screened through principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the optimal water-retaining agent ratio;

[0214] Mechanical deep tillage + pulse spraying of soil amendment: The pulse high-pressure spraying system is used to evenly mix the soil amendment to a depth of 20-50cm to ensure that the soil amendment fully penetrates.

[0215] Furthermore, the screening of stress-tolerant plants based on ecological function optimization:

[0216] 1) Plant species selection

[0217] Specific plant combinations were screened using a plant adaptability-ecological function coupling model, taking into account drought resistance, nitrogen fixation capacity, root soil-fixing capacity, and biodiversity promotion effect. The following plants were selected:

[0218] Herbaceous layer: Kentucky bluegrass, alfalfa, ryegrass;

[0219] Shrub layer: Amorpha fruticosa, Caragana korshinskii;

[0220] Tree layer: Pinus tabuliformis, Populus tomentosa;

[0221] 2) Plant configuration methods

[0222] Multi-layer root distribution optimization: matching soil layers according to root depth to ensure maximum water use efficiency;

[0223] Niche differentiation analysis: DNA barcoding technology was used to screen for the optimal plant combination.

[0224] Furthermore, the directional hydroseeding-ecological infiltration regulation technology:

[0225] (1) Optimization of hydroseeding materials and parameters

[0226] Two-component hydroseeding substrate is used:

[0227] Matrix A (rapid soil stabilization layer): polymer gel + soil stabilizer + hydroseeding fiber

[0228] Matrix B (Nutrient Release Layer): Organic matter + Minerals + Slow-release fertilizer

[0229] Hydroseeding parameters:

[0230] Adjust the spraying pressure according to the slope (slope <15°, pressure 0.4MPa; slope 15-30°, pressure 0.6MPa; slope >30°, pressure 0.8MPa);

[0231] The spraying radius was calculated using a wind speed-hydrodynamics spraying optimization model.

[0232] (2) Seed treatment technology

[0233] Microencapsulation technology: Seeds are encapsulated using superabsorbent polymers;

[0234] Photocatalytically activated coating: Incorporation of nano-TiO2;

[0235] S4: Soil and Water Conservation - Dynamic Monitoring and Assessment

[0236] Monitoring technology

[0237] Non-contact laser scanning: using LiDAR technology to scan the ground surface and monitor vegetation cover and erosion changes in real time;

[0238] Temporal image analysis: A drone equipped with a multispectral camera uses computer vision algorithms to analyze vegetation growth trends;

[0239] Soil and water conservation assessment

[0240] Dynamic infiltration-evaporation composite model: Combining TDR soil moisture sensor data to analyze dynamic changes in soil moisture;

[0241] S5: Bayesian Network Optimization - Intelligent Control Model

[0242] Bayesian network construction

[0243] By combining data on soil characteristics, plant species, rainfall, and hydroseeding parameters, a Markov Monte Carlo (MCMC) optimization model was constructed to predict the restoration effect.

[0244] Adaptive Incremental Learning

[0245] Optimize model weights based on historical data to improve adaptability to different environmental conditions;

[0246] Optimize parameter adjustments:

[0247] If the vegetation coverage is less than 70%, adjust the hydroseeding density by 10%.

[0248] If the soil erosion rate is >10t / ha / year, increase the amount of water-retaining agent by +5%;

[0249] S6: Ecological Optimization Goals - Comprehensive Regulation Strategies

[0250] Ecological Feedback System

[0251] By combining IoT data collection, a dynamic feedback system for vegetation, soil and water resources can be established to adjust management strategies in real time.

[0252] Adjust planting density based on ecological benefit assessment;

[0253] Long-term stability optimization

[0254] By combining climate change prediction models, we can adjust future planting strategies to ensure that vegetation restoration areas can maintain stability under different climatic conditions.

[0255] like Figure 2 As shown, S2 specifically includes:

[0256] S21: Based on the site conditions and environmental characteristics of the disturbed area, select drought-resistant and erosion-resistant plants to ensure that the plants can grow in barren soil and complex environments;

[0257] S22: In conjunction with the soil and water conservation plant bank of power transmission and transformation projects, select localized plants suitable for different terrains and evaluate them through indicators such as water use efficiency and root development.

[0258] S23: Through community health diagnosis and analysis, design highly stable plant communities and optimize the ecological relationships between plants, such as deep-rooted plants stabilizing the soil and shallow-rooted plants covering the surface, laying the foundation for subsequent community construction.

[0259] like Figure 3 As shown, S3 specifically includes:

[0260] S31: Using hydroseeding technology, the selected functional plant seeds are mixed with water-retaining agents, organic fertilizers and soil stabilizers in a certain proportion and sprayed evenly to cover the disturbed area.

[0261] S32: The hydroseeding scheme can be flexibly adjusted according to the slope and soil characteristics. For example, deep-rooted plants can be hydroseeded in steep slope areas to stabilize the soil, while shallow-rooted herbs can be hydroseeded in gentle slope areas to increase the coverage.

[0262] S33: Improve the ecological resilience of vegetation communities through multi-species mixed sowing design, enabling them to achieve efficient recovery under low-maintenance conditions;

[0263] S4 specifically includes: constructing an evaluation index system that includes mechanization rate, economic efficiency, and soil and water conservation effect to assess the treatment effect of construction disturbance areas; conducting multi-dimensional quantitative evaluation of the collected monitoring data based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze the overall benefits of the treatment measures; and focusing on monitoring the dynamic changes of soil loss rate, vegetation coverage rate, and water and fertilizer factors during the evaluation process to ensure the scientificity and practicality of the treatment plan.

[0264] Specifically, S5 includes: analyzing sensitive factors affecting soil and water conservation in monitoring data through a Bayesian network model, such as slope, rainfall intensity, and soil moisture content; constructing a probability network of causal relationships and optimizing governance strategies based on the weights and correlations of different factors; and dynamically adjusting soil improvement measures and vegetation community configuration schemes to make the governance schemes more precise and efficient.

[0265] Specifically, S6 includes: significantly improving the soil and water conservation capacity of the disturbed area through soil improvement, selection of suitable plants, and construction of vegetation communities; reducing soil erosion in the slope area by more than 50%, increasing soil moisture content to more than 85% of the original level, and achieving vegetation coverage of more than 80% within 3-6 months, thus realizing rapid and stable restoration of the ecosystem; at the same time, comprehensive assessment and optimization of sensitive factors ensured the economy and scientific nature of the treatment plan, providing a replicable, low-maintenance, and high-efficiency ecological treatment model for other similar areas disturbed by mechanized construction.

[0266] S1 further includes:

[0267] (1) Analysis of soil moisture content and distribution of water and fertilizer factors

[0268] Model construction: A soil moisture content distribution model was used.

[0269]

[0270] in:

[0271] θ(x, y) represents the soil moisture content;

[0272] A i This refers to the amplitude (reflecting the range of moisture fluctuations);

[0273] λ i Wavelength (reflecting the impact of topographic changes on moisture);

[0274] w i Frequency of change (the rate at which time changes);

[0275] This is the phase offset.

[0276] Experimental methods:

[0277] In-situ observation experiment: Multiple monitoring points were set up using soil moisture sensors to record the changes in soil moisture content over time and space every hour;

[0278] Indoor rainfall simulation experiment: Simulate different rainfall intensities using artificial rainfall equipment, record soil water and fertilizer loss, and analyze the migration patterns of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients;

[0279] (2) Optimization of water conservation benefits

[0280] Evaporation model: Evaporation rate is calculated using the Penman-Monteith formula.

[0281]

[0282] in:

[0283] E t Evaporation amount;

[0284] R n Net radiative flux;

[0285] G represents the Earth's surface heat flux;

[0286] △ represents the rate of change of evaporation potential;

[0287] Pa is the density of air;

[0288] C p The specific heat capacity of air;

[0289] e s and e a These are the saturated vapor pressure and the actual vapor pressure;

[0290] r s and r a These are respectively porosity resistance and aerodynamic drag;

[0291] Water conservation facility design:

[0292] Slope rainwater harvesting facilities: Design a trapezoidal collection trough and optimize the trough width according to a formula.

[0293]

[0294] in:

[0295] Q represents the target water collection volume;

[0296] η represents rainfall utilization rate;

[0297] P represents the average annual rainfall.

[0298] S2 and S3 also include:

[0299] (1) Plant selection and community composition:

[0300] Plant selection criteria:

[0301] Drought resistance index (measured by water use efficiency, WUE):

[0302]

[0303] Erosion resistance (root density, soil fixation coefficient, etc.);

[0304] Plant community structure:

[0305] Evaluating the ecological stability of plant communities based on the Shannon diversity index:

[0306] in:

[0307] P i The relative coverage of the i-th plant;

[0308] S represents the number of plant species in the community;

[0309] (2) Community mixed seeding and hydroseeding technology

[0310] Functional plants are mixed and sown using hydroseeding technology:

[0311] The plant seeds are mixed in a certain proportion, and the proportion optimization model is as follows:

[0312]

[0313] maximize Determine the optimal ratio.

[0314] S3 further includes:

[0315] (1) Constructing an evaluation index system

[0316] The indicators include:

[0317] Mechanization rate (M): The proportion of the area improved by mechanical equipment;

[0318] Economic efficiency (C): The ratio of input to return per unit area;

[0319] Soil and water conservation effect (S): the degree of reduction in soil erosion rate;

[0320] The comprehensive evaluation model is as follows:

[0321] E = w m M+w c C+w s S

[0322] in:

[0323] w m The weights are determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

[0324] (2) Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method

[0325] A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of soil and water conservation was conducted.

[0326] Constructing a fuzzy matrix:

[0327]

[0328] r ij This represents the membership degree of indicator i to evaluation level j;

[0329] Overall evaluation results:

[0330] B=WR

[0331] W is the weight vector, and R is the fuzzy matrix;

[0332] (3) Constructing a Bayesian network optimization and governance scheme

[0333] Analyzing sensitivity factors using Bayesian network models:

[0334] Assume the sensitivity factors are X1, X2, ..., X n With Y as the target variable, construct the conditional probability distribution:

[0335]

[0336] The optimization plan adjusts soil improvement, plant selection, and hydroseeding schemes based on the probability changes of sensitive factors.

[0337] 1. Soil Loss Problems and Optimization Background

[0338] Mechanized construction often leads to the destruction of the surface soil structure, causing severe soil erosion and decreased moisture content. Increased slope runoff also results in widespread nutrient loss. This not only delays regional vegetation recovery but may further exacerbate soil erosion. Therefore, this plan aims to improve soil water retention capacity and optimize nutrient distribution through targeted improvements and facility optimization design.

[0339] 2. In-situ observation and rainfall simulation experiment

[0340] By setting different slopes (e.g., 5°, 15°, 30°) and simulating different rainfall intensities (light, moderate, heavy rain), the dynamic changes in soil moisture content and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients on the slope were monitored. Combined with soil moisture sensors and ion conductivity meters, data were collected to establish a water and fertilizer distribution model, providing scientific guidance for subsequent soil improvement measures.

[0341] 3. Implementation details of soil improvement

[0342] In areas disturbed by construction, organic matter (such as humus) is applied to improve soil aggregate formation, and water-retaining agents are added to enhance soil moisture retention. Simultaneously, matrix stabilizers are applied to strengthen interparticle cohesion, thereby improving erosion resistance. Improvement schemes are designed for different slopes to effectively increase soil moisture content.

[0343] 4. Construction of rainwater harvesting and infiltration facilities on slopes

[0344] Rainwater interception ditches are installed on slopes to slow down surface runoff. Simultaneously, rainwater is collected through infiltration ponds and storage wells for ecological irrigation during the dry season. The width and storage capacity of the rainwater collection ditches are designed based on regional rainfall and soil permeability characteristics to ensure efficient utilization of rainwater resources.

[0345] 5. Evaluation of the effectiveness of water conservation measures

[0346] Through monitoring and model analysis, the soil moisture content increased by 20%-30% after implementation, significantly meeting the needs of plant growth. At the same time, the loss rate of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the slope decreased by more than 40%, optimizing the fertility distribution on the slope. Furthermore, the rate of soil erosion on the slope decreased by 50%, enhancing soil stability.

[0347] 6. Scientific methods for selecting suitable plants

[0348] Based on the plant bank of power transmission and transformation projects, drought-resistant and erosion-resistant plant species (such as the legume *Alternanthera philoxeroides* and the grass *Bahia grass*) were screened according to regional climate, slope, and soil characteristics. Selection was made based on indicators such as water use efficiency and stress resistance to ensure that the selected plants have strong adaptability under low-maintenance conditions.

[0349] 7. Innovative aspects of plant community structure design

[0350] Based on community health assessments, multi-level plant community combinations were designed. Deep-rooted plants (such as paper mulberry and black locust) were planted on steep slopes to stabilize the soil, while shallow-rooted plants (such as white clover) were planted on gentle slopes to increase cover. Simultaneously, the ecological functions and diversity of the plant community were optimized through the combined planting of trees, shrubs, and herbs.

[0351] 8. Key points for implementing hydroseeding technology

[0352] Mix plant seeds with water-retaining agents, organic fertilizers, and soil stabilizers in a specific ratio, and then evenly cover the slope area using a substrate spraying technique. For areas prone to water loss, add shade netting or a covering film after spraying to reduce evaporation and ensure seed survival and germination rates. Adjust the spraying thickness according to different slopes to achieve the best coverage effect.

[0353] 9. Significant effects of vegetation restoration

[0354] By selecting suitable plants and using hydroseeding technology, the vegetation coverage in the construction-disturbed area increased to over 80% within 3-6 months. The complementarity of trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants significantly enhanced the stability and resilience of the community, while achieving low-maintenance vegetation growth and reducing subsequent irrigation and fertilization costs by more than 50%.

[0355] 10. Comprehensive assessment and optimization of governance plan

[0356] A comprehensive evaluation index system was constructed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to quantitatively assess the effectiveness, economic benefits, and ecological impact of soil and water conservation. By analyzing monitoring data using a Bayesian network model, sensitive factors for soil and water conservation (such as slope and nutrient distribution) were identified, and treatment plans were optimized to achieve precise restoration and long-term ecological stability of disturbed areas. This provides a replicable ecological restoration template for other large-scale mechanized construction projects.

[0357] I. Specific application areas or related products of this invention

[0358] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a mechanized construction disturbance area low-maintenance habitat directional lifting system for implementing the mechanized construction disturbance area directional lifting method, the system comprising:

[0359] The soil improvement and optimization module is used to monitor the water-holding capacity, pore structure, and nutrient loss rate of disturbed soil in real time using in-situ observation combined with a high-precision evaporation model, and to screen key factors affecting soil stability based on principal component analysis; it dynamically adjusts the combination of soil amendments and optimizes the ratio by combining evaporation model and soil moisture dynamics data; it adopts a polymer stabilizer-multi-component water-retaining agent composite system, which is composed of cross-linked polyacrylamide, nano-silica sol, and natural humic acid salts; and it uses efficient pulse deep tillage-local directional infiltration technology, combined with the soil structure of the disturbed area, to control the mixing depth of the amendments in layers.

[0360] The stress-tolerant plant screening module is used for screening stress-tolerant plants based on ecological function optimization. It constructs a plant adaptability-ecological function coupling model, comprehensively considering plant drought tolerance, nitrogen fixation capacity, root soil-fixing capacity, and biodiversity-promoting effects to screen optimal plant combinations. Employing multi-level root distribution optimization technology, it optimizes the configuration ratio of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees during community construction, combining plant root depth with soil moisture gradients. Through DNA barcoding technology and niche differentiation analysis, it selects specific plant combinations that promote soil microbial communities, forming a stable plant-microbe symbiotic network.

[0361] The permeability control module is used for directional hydroseeding-ecological permeability control technology. It employs a two-component hydroseeding substrate, where substrate A contains a polymer gel-soil stabilizer complex, and substrate B contains an organic matter-mineral mixture. During hydroseeding, the two are sprayed alternately to form a gradually solidified layer. A multi-dimensional slope-hydrodynamic hydroseeding optimization model is used to adjust the hydroseeding speed, pressure, and seed distribution density according to the regional slope, wind speed, and soil permeability. Combined with superabsorbent polymer microencapsulation seed technology, it improves the seed's drought resistance and promotes seed germination.

[0362] The monitoring and evaluation module is used for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of soil and water conservation. It adopts non-contact laser scanning and time-series image analysis to monitor vegetation coverage and soil erosion rate in real time, and analyzes vegetation growth trends through computer vision algorithms. It uses a dynamic infiltration-evaporation composite model, combined with soil moisture sensor data, to evaluate water retention capacity and optimize vegetation configuration and irrigation strategies.

[0363] The regulation model module is used for Bayesian network optimization-intelligent regulation model; it adopts a Bayesian network model based on the Markov Monte Carlo method, integrates multi-dimensional data such as soil characteristics, plant species, rainfall, and hydroseeding parameters, predicts the ecological restoration effect, and optimizes key parameters; through adaptive incremental learning, it dynamically adjusts the model's weight parameters to make it more adaptable to different climatic conditions and geological environments; comparative experiments are conducted in different experimental areas, and the model parameters are adjusted based on data feedback.

[0364] The regulation strategy module is used for ecological optimization goals and comprehensive regulation strategies. Based on the ecological benefit assessment results, a dynamic feedback system of plants, soil and water resources is established to optimize planting density and water resource utilization efficiency, so as to achieve a low-maintenance and eco-friendly restoration strategy. Combined with climate change prediction models, long-term ecological benefits are predicted and vegetation restoration targets are adjusted so that the restoration area can maintain a high degree of stability under climate fluctuations.

[0365] This invention provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor performs the steps of the method for targeted improvement of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas.

[0366] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for targeted improvement of low-maintenance habitats in areas disturbed by mechanized construction.

[0367] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration and soil and water conservation technology, and is applicable to the following application scenarios and related products:

[0368] 1) Application areas

[0369] Power transmission and transformation engineering and line construction: For areas disturbed by mechanized processes during power transmission and transformation line construction, this invention effectively improves vegetation recovery speed and reduces the damage to the ecological environment caused by construction through the selection of suitable plants, hydroseeding technology and soil and water conservation measures.

[0370] Restoration of severely eroded areas: including highway slopes, railway lines, and exposed surfaces after mining operations, etc., can achieve rapid vegetation cover and improved soil and water stability through the methods of this invention.

[0371] Ecological governance in desertified and arid areas: In areas with harsh climate conditions, the combination of drought-resistant plants and soil and water conservation facilities can significantly improve regional soil and ecological conditions.

[0372] Urban slopes and landscaping: In urban slopes, slope protection greening and landscape restoration, the technology of this invention can improve greening efficiency and reduce subsequent maintenance costs.

[0373] 2) Related Products

[0374] Plant seed and special substrate formula: including drought-resistant plant seeds, water-retaining agents, organic fertilizers, soil stabilizers and other ecological restoration materials.

[0375] Hydroseeding equipment: such as liquid hydroseeders and substrate hydroseeding equipment, used for efficient covering of plant seeds and soil improvement.

[0376] Soil and water conservation facilities, such as rainwater interception ditches, infiltration ponds, and water storage wells, are used to assist in soil and water conservation and ecological irrigation.

[0377] II. Evidence related to the technical effects obtained by the embodiments of the present invention

[0378] 1) Evidence of technical effectiveness: Increased soil moisture content

[0379] Soil improvement measures (such as adding water-retaining agents and matrix stabilizers) can increase the soil moisture content of slopes by 20%-30%, meeting the growth needs of drought-resistant plants.

[0380] Continuous monitoring using soil sensors showed that the soil moisture distribution after hydroseeding was uniform, and the moisture content was significantly better than that of unrestored areas, especially during the dry season.

[0381] 2) Evidence of Technological Effectiveness 2: Rapid Increase in Vegetation Coverage

[0382] After hydroseeding, the vegetation coverage rate in the disturbed area reaches over 80% within 3-6 months, which is much faster than the recovery rate of traditional planting techniques (which usually takes more than 12 months).

[0383] Aerial monitoring by drones showed that the plants in the sprayed area were evenly distributed with no obvious bare areas.

[0384] 3) Evidence of technical effectiveness: Enhanced soil and water conservation capacity

[0385] The slope erosion rate is reduced by more than 50%, soil nutrient loss is reduced by more than 40%, and soil stability is significantly improved.

[0386] The introduction of deep-rooted plants such as paper mulberry and black locust further stabilizes the slope soil, while drought-resistant herbaceous plants such as white clover cover the surface, reducing soil erosion caused by runoff.

[0387] 4) Evidence of Technological Effectiveness 4: Optimization of Ecosystem Function

[0388] The plant diversity index (Shannon index) remained stable above 1.5 within 6 months after hydroseeding, indicating that the plant community structure was stable and its functions were complete.

[0389] Community health assessments show that the multi-layered structure formed by deep-rooted trees, shallow-rooted shrubs, and herbaceous plants exhibits mutual assistance and resilience, enhancing the stability of the regional ecosystem.

[0390] 5) Evidence of technical effectiveness: Reduced maintenance costs

[0391] By selecting local drought-resistant and low-maintenance plant varieties, the need for irrigation and fertilization can be reduced, resulting in a reduction of more than 50% in later maintenance costs.

[0392] Hydroseeding technology, combined with soil and water conservation facilities, enables the automatic restoration of areas disturbed by construction, significantly reducing the number of manual interventions required.

[0393] 6) Evidence of technical effectiveness six: Improved economic benefits and construction efficiency

[0394] The combination of hydroseeding technology and improved materials increases construction efficiency by 30%-40% and reduces the cost of ecological restoration per unit area by 20%.

[0395] The application of technology has not only shortened the vegetation restoration cycle, but also improved the regional soil and water conservation effect, providing an efficient and economical solution for power transmission and transformation projects and other ecological restoration projects.

[0396] This invention achieves rapid vegetation restoration, improved ecological functions, and optimized costs through scientific plant selection and community structure design, combined with efficient hydroseeding technology and soil and water conservation facilities, resulting in significant ecological, economic, and social benefits.

[0397] Example 1: Soil improvement and vegetation restoration in areas disturbed by mechanized construction on low slopes

[0398] The construction of a power transmission and transformation project severely damaged the soil structure in a low-slope area (approximately 5°), reducing soil moisture content to 40% of its original level. Nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were significantly lost, making vegetation restoration difficult and resulting in poor ecological stability. To address these issues, this embodiment employs a comprehensive approach, including soil improvement, rainwater harvesting facility construction, and suitable plant selection, to achieve both vegetation restoration and soil improvement.

[0399] In disturbed areas, 5% humus and 1.5% water-retaining agent are added and evenly distributed to the soil surface (15 cm deep) via mechanical mixing to improve soil structure and water retention. A matrix stabilizer is applied to enhance soil aggregate stability and reduce runoff erosion. In conjunction with rainwater harvesting facilities, horizontal rainwater interception ditches (0.5 m wide, 8 m spacing) are constructed on the slope to reduce surface runoff velocity. Additionally, 20 cubic meter infiltration ponds are built in low-lying areas for rainwater storage and irrigation.

[0400] Select drought-resistant herbaceous plants, such as Bahia grass and alfalfa, and supplement them with a certain proportion of shallow-rooted herbaceous plants, such as white clover, to enhance ground cover. Use substrate hydroseeding technology, mixing plant seeds, water-retaining agents, and organic fertilizer in a 1:0.05:0.1 ratio and spraying evenly to a thickness of 2 cm, ensuring rapid plant growth and restoration of the ground ecosystem under harsh conditions.

[0401] After six months of ecological restoration, the vegetation coverage in the area increased to 85%, the soil moisture content recovered to more than 85% of its original level, the loss rate of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium decreased by 50%, and the rate of soil erosion on slopes decreased by 60%. This effectively controlled soil and water loss in the construction area and established stable vegetation cover, providing a solid foundation for subsequent ecological restoration.

[0402] Example 2: Soil and water conservation and multi-layered vegetation community restoration in high-slope areas

[0403] A mining operation in a high-slope area (30°) caused extensive soil erosion, leaving bare surfaces that are difficult to re-vegetate and have extremely low erosion resistance. To address the severe soil erosion problem in this high-slope area, this implementation plan improves the region's ecological restoration capacity through soil improvement, rainwater harvesting facility construction, vegetation selection, and the establishment of multi-layered vegetation communities.

[0404] A water-retaining agent (3%) and humus (10%) were evenly added to the slope, and the soil was tilled to a depth of 20 cm using deep tillage machinery to improve soil permeability and water retention. Straw powder was introduced at the foot of the slope as a physical barrier to further reduce the erosion of the soil by slope runoff and effectively reduce soil erosion.

[0405] A stepped rainwater collection system (0.3 meters wide, spaced 5 meters apart) is installed, with deep-rooted plants such as paper mulberry and black locust planted between each level to stabilize the soil. Combined with infiltration ponds and storage wells (10 cubic meters capacity), rainwater is stored for irrigation during the dry season, achieving efficient utilization of rainwater resources.

[0406] Deep-rooted trees (paper mulberry, black locust), shrubs (Lespedeza), and herbaceous plants (Bahia grass, white clover) were selected and planted in different areas to form a multi-layered vegetation community. Trees were planted at the top of the slope, shrubs and herbaceous plants in the middle of the slope, and herbaceous plants were densely covered at the foot of the slope to protect the ground surface. Liquid hydroseeding technology was used, in which plant seeds, water-retaining agents, and organic fertilizers were mixed in a certain proportion and sprayed, with the spraying thickness controlled at 3 cm. After 9 months of growth monitoring, the regional vegetation coverage reached more than 75%, the slope soil erosion rate decreased by 70%, and significant reductions in soil and water loss and improvements in ecological stability were achieved.

[0407] The above examples demonstrate ecological restoration strategies under different conditions in low-slope and high-slope areas. Through the comprehensive application of soil improvement, vegetation construction, and soil and water conservation technologies, they provide scientific and feasible restoration methods for similar scenarios.

[0408] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for directional lifting of low-maintenance habitats in mechanized construction disturbance areas, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Soil improvement and optimization regulation. Soil water holding capacity, pore structure and nutrient loss rate are obtained through in-situ monitoring and evaporation model. Based on principal component analysis, a composite water-retaining agent of "crosslinked polyacrylamide: nano silica sol: natural humate = 2:1:1" and a calcium phosphate-chitosan composite soil stabilizer are selected. The soil conditioner is mixed in layers using a high-efficiency pulse deep tillage-local directional infiltration technology. Step 2: Plant selection and configuration. A plant adaptability-niche coupling model was constructed. Based on root depth and soil moisture gradient, Kentucky bluegrass, alfalfa, ryegrass, Amorpha fruticosa, Caragana korshinskii, Pinus tabuliformis, and Populus tomentosa were configured. The community structure was optimized based on DNA barcoding and niche differentiation. Step 3: Targeted spraying - ecological infiltration regulation. A two-component spraying substrate is used: substrate A = polymer gel + soil stabilizer + spraying fiber, substrate B = biochar + humic acid + minerals + slow-release fertilizer. The spraying pressure, spraying radius and density are determined based on the regional slope, wind speed and permeability parameters. Step 4: Dynamic monitoring and assessment. Non-contact laser scanning, time-series image acquisition, and TDR soil moisture sensor are combined with a dynamic infiltration-evaporation model to obtain vegetation cover, soil moisture, and erosion rate. Step 5: Bayesian network control model, based on MCMC method to integrate soil parameters, plant type, hydroseeding data and rainfall for adaptive incremental learning and parameter update; Step 6: Ecological optimization comprehensive strategy, integrate IoT data and climate prediction models to build a dynamic feedback system for plant-soil-water resources and adjust the restoration plan.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mixture of "crosslinked polyacrylamide: nano silica sol: natural humate" is prepared in a mass ratio of "2:1:1".

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The soil stabilizer is a calcium phosphate-chitosan composite material, and the organic matter supplement is biochar and humic acid.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Matrix A and Matrix B are sprayed in alternating layers. The spraying pressure is set to 0.4 MPa for slope <15°, 0.6 MPa for slope 15°≤30°, and 0.8 MPa for slope >30°.

5. A low-maintenance habitat directional lifting system for mechanized construction disturbance areas, characterized in that, include: Soil improvement and optimization regulation module; Plant screening and configuration module; Targeted spraying - ecological infiltration regulation module; Dynamic monitoring and evaluation module; Regulation model module; Regulation strategy module.

6. The system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The soil improvement and optimization control module includes a high-efficiency pulse deep tillage equipment and a multi-component water-retaining agent mixing and delivery system.

7. The system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The directional hydroseeding-ecological infiltration control module includes a two-component hydroseeder and an intelligent hydroseeding parameter control unit.

8. The system as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The dynamic monitoring and evaluation module includes a non-contact laser scanner and a drone multispectral camera.

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