Leak-proof gasification furnace deslagging device and manufacturing method
By incorporating a circulating water cooling structure and a heat insulation structure into the slag discharge device of the gasifier, the leakage problem caused by water shortage and thermal stress in the slag discharge device was solved, achieving higher reliability and safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511028323.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-04
AI Technical Summary
The existing gasifier ash discharge device is prone to water shortage when the water pressure is too low, which leads to excessively high temperature at the upper end of the ash discharge pipe, resulting in damage and leakage. In addition, the large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the circulating water pipe causes thermal stress cracking of the pipe wall, affecting the reliability and safety of the device.
A circulating water cooling structure is installed outside the slag discharge pipe, including an inlet pipe and a return pipe. The inlet pipe has a spiral fin structure inside, and the return pipe has an insulation structure outside. The return water level is increased and the temperature difference is reduced through an inverted U-shaped pipe to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and uniform temperature.
This effectively avoids water shortage at the upper end of the slag discharge pipe, reduces the risk of damage and leakage, improves the cooling effect, reduces the possibility of thermal stress cracking, and enhances the reliability and safety of the device.
Smart Images
Figure CN120888339A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device and its manufacturing method, belonging to the technical field of gasifier slag discharge equipment. Background Technology
[0002] A gasifier is a core piece of equipment that converts carbonaceous raw materials (coal, biomass, petroleum coke, etc.) into syngas (CO + H2) under high-temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. It is widely used in chemical, power, and metallurgical industries. The slag discharge device is a key subsystem of the gasifier, responsible for continuously discharging high-temperature molten slag (typically ≥800℃). Its reliability directly affects the operating efficiency and safety of the gasifier.
[0003] Currently, such as Figure 1 As shown, a common slag removal device includes a slag removal pipe body 1.1, with a circulating water pipe installed outside the slag removal pipe body 1.1. The circulating water pipe cools the slag removal device to improve its safety and service life. The water in the circulating water pipe circulates from bottom to top. In special circumstances (such as low water pressure), the upper part of the slag removal pipe is prone to water shortage, leading to higher temperatures in the water-deficient area, which can cause damage and leaks. In severe cases, this can cause the gasifier to shut down, resulting in significant economic losses.
[0004] In addition, the circulating water pipe consists of an inlet pipe cavity 1.2 and a return pipe cavity 1.3. Therefore, the slag discharge device includes a three-layer pipe sleeve structure consisting of a slag discharge pipe body 1.1, an inlet pipe cavity 1.2, and a return pipe cavity 1.3. During use, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of each pipe sleeve is large (the internal temperature is as high as 800℃ or more, and the external temperature is 80~120℃), which leads to increased thermal stress on the pipe wall. This often causes thermal stress cracking at the welded parts of the pipe wall, resulting in leakage accidents. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device and manufacturing method, so as to at least solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A leak-proof gasifier ash discharge device includes an ash discharge pipe located below the ash discharge port of the gasifier. The discharge port of the ash discharge pipe is connected to the ash discharge machine. A circulating water cooling structure is provided outside the ash discharge pipe. The circulating water cooling structure includes an inlet pipe and a return pipe sequentially sleeved on the outside of the ash discharge pipe. An inlet is provided at one end of the inlet pipe near the discharge port of the ash discharge pipe, and an outlet is provided at one end of the inlet pipe near the feed port of the ash discharge pipe, which is connected to the inlet end of the return pipe. An inverted U-shaped pipe is provided at the outlet end of the return pipe, and the height of the upper curved section of the inverted U-shaped pipe is not lower than the feed port of the ash discharge pipe.
[0007] Furthermore, a spiral fin structure is provided inside the water inlet pipe or inside both the water inlet and return pipes.
[0008] Furthermore, the spiral fin structure extends from the water inlet of the water inlet pipe to the feed inlet of the slag discharge pipe, and the spiral angle is 72-75 degrees.
[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an insulation structure installed on the outside of the return water pipe.
[0010] Furthermore, the insulation structure includes an insulation shell and an insulation cotton layer disposed between the outside of the return water pipe and the insulation shell.
[0011] Furthermore, the material of the heat-insulating shell is 304 stainless steel, 310S stainless steel, or any other high-temperature resistant and oxidation-resistant stainless steel.
[0012] Furthermore, the insulation layer is made of refractory ceramic fiber blanket, rock wool, glass fiber insulation, aluminum silicate fiber insulation, or any other high-temperature resistant insulation material.
[0013] A method for manufacturing a leak-proof gasifier ash discharge device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1. Manufacture the slag discharge pipe, water inlet pipe, and water return pipe according to conventional processes, and weld the spiral fin structure on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe or on the inner and outer walls of the water inlet pipe. S2. Design and manufacture inverted U-shaped water pipes to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and avoid structural stress concentration; S3. Design and manufacture the insulation structure to reduce the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the slag discharge device; S4. Assemble the components prepared in the above steps with the gasifier, water supply equipment and water recycling equipment.
[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, the minimum bending radius of the inverted U-shaped water pipe is calculated to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and avoid structural stress concentration. The calculation formula is: , In the formula, R is the bending radius; H is the total height of the inverted U-shaped water pipe; D is the outer diameter of the inverted U-shaped water pipe.
[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the thickness of the insulation layer is calculated to ensure that the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the slag discharge device does not exceed 100℃. The calculation formula is: , In the formula, δ is the thickness of the insulation cotton layer (m); ΔT is the temperature difference (°C) between the inner and outer layers of the slag discharge device. ; λ is the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation cotton layer (W / (m·K)); q is the heat flux density (W / m²).
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) The present application has simple structure and low manufacturing cost. The inverted U-shaped pipe is added at the outlet end of the return water pipe, and the height of the curved section at the upper end of the inverted U-shaped pipe is not less than the feeding port of the slag discharge pipe. The inverted U-shaped pipe can improve the water level of the return water, ensure that the upper end of the slag discharge pipe does not appear water shortage, and thus avoid damage and leakage accidents at this place; (2) The present application adds a spiral fin structure with a height extending from the water inlet of the water inlet pipe to the feeding port of the slag discharge pipe in the water inlet pipe or in the water inlet pipe and the return water pipe, which can ensure the upward delivery of cooling water and the forced circulation in the internal structure of the circulating water cooling structure, greatly improving the cooling effect; (3) The present application adds a thermal insulation structure outside the return water pipe, which can reduce the temperature difference between the inner layer and the outer layer of the slag discharge device, and avoid leakage accidents caused by thermal stress cracking of the pipe wall, especially the welding part.
[0017] Other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the examination of the following or can be learned by practice of the present application. The objects and other advantages of the present application can be realized and attained by the methods and instrumentalities particularly pointed out in the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the existing gasification furnace slag discharge device; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-leakage gasification furnace slag discharge device provided by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-leakage gasification furnace slag discharge device provided by the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the anti-leakage gasification furnace slag discharge device provided by the third embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a connection structure schematic diagram of the water inlet pipe and the spiral fin structure.
[0019] In the figure: 1, slag discharge pipe; 2, slag discharge machine; 3, water inlet pipe; 4, return water pipe; 5, inverted U-shaped pipe; 6, spiral fin structure; 7, thermal insulation structure; 701, thermal insulation shell; 702, thermal insulation cotton layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] With reference to the accompanying drawings: the specific embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely, obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0021] As shown in Figure 2 The first embodiment of the present application provides a leakage-proof gasification furnace slag discharge device, which comprises a slag discharge pipe 1 arranged below a slag discharge port of a gasification furnace, a discharge port of the slag discharge pipe 1 is connected with a slag discharge machine 2, a circulating water cooling structure is arranged outside the slag discharge pipe 1, the circulating water cooling structure comprises a water inlet pipe 3 and a water return pipe 4 which are sequentially sleeved outside the slag discharge pipe, a water inlet is arranged at one end of the water inlet pipe close to the discharge port of the slag discharge pipe, a water outlet which is connected with an inlet end of the water return pipe is arranged at one end of the water inlet pipe close to the discharge port of the slag discharge pipe, and an inverted U-shaped pipe 5 is arranged at an outlet end of the water return pipe, and the height of the curved section of the upper end of the inverted U-shaped pipe 5 is not less than the height of the discharge port of the slag discharge pipe 1. The water level in the water return pipe can be increased by the inverted U-shaped pipe 5, so that the water shortage state at the upper end of the slag discharge pipe can be avoided, and thus the damage and leakage accidents at this position can be avoided.
[0022] The water inlet pipe 3 and the water return pipe 4 are combined sleeve structures. Specifically, the water inlet pipe 3 is an inner sleeve pipe sleeved outside the slag discharge pipe 1, a water inlet cavity is left between the outer wall of the slag discharge pipe 1 and the inner sleeve pipe, the water return pipe 4 is an outer sleeve pipe arranged outside the inner sleeve pipe, a water return cavity is left between the outer wall of the inner sleeve pipe and the outer sleeve pipe, the bottom of the inner sleeve pipe is provided with a water inlet connected with the water inlet cavity, and the upper part is provided with a water outlet connected with the water return cavity, and the bottom of the outer sleeve pipe is an outlet end connected with the inverted U-shaped pipe 5.
[0023] A spiral fin structure 6 is arranged in the water inlet cavity. The spiral fin structure 6 is arranged to facilitate the upward delivery of the cooling water, avoid the water shortage state at the upper end of the slag discharge pipe, and control the water flow rate to improve the cooling effect.
[0024] The spiral fin structure 6 extends from the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 3 to the discharge port of the slag discharge pipe 1, and the spiral angle is 72-75 degrees.
[0025] As shown in Figures 3-4 On the basis of the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the present application provides a leakage-proof gasification furnace slag discharge device, and the spiral fin structure 6 can also be arranged in the water inlet cavity and the water return cavity to further control the water flow rate and improve the cooling effect.
[0026] On the basis of the first and second embodiments, the third embodiment of the present application provides a leakage-proof gasification furnace slag discharge device, which further comprises a heat preservation structure 7 arranged outside the water return pipe 4. The heat preservation structure 7 can reduce the temperature difference between the inner layer and the outer layer of the slag discharge device, and avoid the leakage accidents caused by the thermal stress cracking of the pipe wall welding part.
[0027] The heat preservation structure 7 comprises a heat preservation shell 701 and a heat preservation cotton layer 702 arranged between the backwater pipe 4 and the heat preservation shell 701.
[0028] The material of the heat preservation shell 701 is 304 stainless steel, 310S stainless steel or any other high-temperature-resistant and oxidation-resistant stainless steel.
[0029] The heat preservation cotton layer 702 is a refractory ceramic fiber blanket, rock wool, glass fiber heat preservation cotton, aluminum silicate fiber heat preservation cotton or any other high-temperature-resistant heat preservation cotton. Preferably, it is a zirconium-containing refractory ceramic fiber, such as a 1430℃ type.
[0030] The manufacturing method of the above-mentioned leakage-proof gasification furnace slag discharge device comprises the following steps: S1, manufacturing the slag discharge pipe 1, the water inlet pipe 3 and the backwater pipe 4 according to the conventional process, and welding the spiral fin structure 6 on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe 3 or inside and outside the wall of the water inlet pipe 3; S2, designing and manufacturing the inverted U-shaped water pipe 5 to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and avoid structural stress concentration; S3, designing and manufacturing the heat preservation structure 7 to reduce the temperature difference between the inner layer and the outer layer of the slag discharge device; S4, assembling the parts prepared in the above steps with the gasification furnace, water supply equipment and water recovery equipment.
[0031] In step S2, the minimum bending radius of the inverted U-shaped water pipe 5 is calculated to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and avoid structural stress concentration.
[0032] The calculation formula is: , In the formula, R is the bending radius; H is the total height of the inverted U-shaped water pipe 5; D is the outer diameter of the inverted U-shaped water pipe 5.
[0033] In step S3, the thickness of the heat preservation cotton layer 702 is calculated to ensure that the temperature difference between the inner layer and the outer layer of the slag discharge device is not greater than 100℃.
[0034] The calculation formula is: , In the formula, δ is the thickness (m) of the heat preservation cotton layer 702; ΔT is the temperature difference (℃) between the inner layer and the outer layer of the slag discharge device, ; and λ is the thermal conductivity (W / (m·K)) of the heat preservation cotton layer 702, such as the thermal conductivity λ≈0.20 W / (m·K) of the zirconium-containing fiber blanket at a high temperature of 1200℃. q is the heat flux (W / m2), which should be determined according to the type of gasifier, operating parameters and the design of the slagging pipe.
[0035] The heat flux of the typical gasifier slagging pipe is shown in the following table: Alternatively, the actual value of the heat flux should be determined by CFD simulation or online monitoring in combination with the specific working conditions.
[0036] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not a limitation on the present application in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment without departing from the technical solution content of the present application and according to the technical essence of the present application still belongs to the scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims
1. A leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device, comprising a slag discharge pipe (1) disposed below the slag discharge port of the gasifier, the discharge port of the slag discharge pipe (1) being connected to a slag discharge machine (2), and a circulating water cooling structure provided outside the slag discharge pipe (1), characterized in that, The circulating water cooling structure includes an inlet pipe (3) and a return pipe (4) sequentially sleeved on the outside of the slag discharge pipe. An inlet is provided at one end of the inlet pipe near the discharge port of the slag discharge pipe, and an outlet is provided at one end of the inlet pipe near the feed port of the slag discharge pipe, which is connected to the inlet end of the return pipe. An inverted U-shaped pipe (5) is provided at the outlet end of the return pipe, and the height of the upper curved section of the inverted U-shaped pipe (5) is not lower than the feed port of the slag discharge pipe (1).
2. The leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spiral fin structure (6) is provided inside the water inlet pipe (3) or inside the water inlet pipe (3) and the return pipe (4).
3. The leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spiral fin structure (6) extends from the water inlet of the water inlet pipe (3) to the feed inlet of the slag discharge pipe (1), and the spiral angle is 72-75 degrees.
4. The leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat insulation structure (7) installed on the outside of the return water pipe (4).
5. The leak-proof gasifier ash discharge device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The insulation structure (7) includes an insulation shell (701) and an insulation cotton layer (702) disposed between the outside of the return water pipe (4) and the insulation shell (701).
6. The leak-proof gasifier ash discharge device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The insulation shell (701) is made of 304 stainless steel, 310S stainless steel or any other high-temperature resistant and oxidation-resistant stainless steel.
7. The leak-proof gasifier slag discharge device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The insulation layer (702) is a refractory ceramic fiber blanket, rock wool, glass fiber insulation cotton, aluminum silicate fiber insulation cotton, or any other high-temperature resistant insulation cotton.
8. A method for manufacturing a leak-proof gasifier ash discharge device according to claim 1, comprising the following steps: S1. Manufacture the slag discharge pipe (1), water inlet pipe (3), and water return pipe (4) according to conventional processes, and weld the spiral fin structure (6) on the inner wall of the water inlet pipe (3) or the inner and outer walls of the water inlet pipe (3). S2. Design and manufacture inverted U-shaped water pipes (5) to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and avoid structural stress concentration; S3. Design and manufacture the insulation structure (7) to reduce the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the slag discharge device; S4. Assemble the components prepared in the above steps with the gasifier, water supply equipment and water recycling equipment.
9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, the minimum bending radius of the inverted U-shaped water pipe (5) is calculated to ensure smooth flow of cooling water and avoid structural stress concentration. The calculation formula is: ， In the formula, R is the bending radius; H is the total height of the inverted U-shaped water pipe (5); D is the outer diameter of the inverted U-shaped water pipe (5).
10. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S3, the thickness of the insulation cotton layer (702) is calculated to ensure that the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the slag discharge device is no greater than 100℃. The calculation formula is: ， In the formula, δ is the thickness (m) of the insulation cotton layer (702); ΔT is the temperature difference (°C) between the inner and outer layers of the slag discharge device. ; λ is the thermal conductivity (W / (m·K)) of the insulation cotton layer (702). q is the heat flux density (W / m²).