Hydrogen supply control method, controller, system and medium of fuel cell system

Abstract

The invention provides a hydrogen supply control method of a fuel cell system, a controller, a system and a medium, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The method comprises the steps that in response to a starting instruction, the opening degree proportion of a first proportional valve is controlled to be adjusted to K11 from K10 through a first PID control parameter, K10 is the opening degree proportion of the first proportional valve which does not allow hydrogen to pass at all, and K11 is the initial opening degree proportion of the first proportional valve at the current environment temperature; obtaining a current actual pile entering pressure value and a hydrogen pile entering pressure set value of the electric pile; the second PID control parameter is used for controlling the opening proportion of the first proportional valve to be adjusted till the deviation between the actual reactor entering pressure value and the hydrogen reactor entering pressure set value is within the allowable error range, and the proportionality coefficient of the first PID control parameter is larger than that of the second PID control parameter. According to the method, the stability of hydrogen pressure is improved, so that the stability and the service life of the fuel cell system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a hydrogen supply control method, controller, system and medium for a fuel cell system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen supply in a hydrogen fuel cell system is generally accomplished by a multi-proportional valve + circulation pump + ejector or a multi-proportional valve + multi-stage ejector. The control accuracy and response speed of the proportional valve determine the stability of the hydrogen supply pressure in the fuel cell system.

[0003] In related technologies, during the start-up and shutdown phases of a fuel cell system, the proportional valve opening is adjusted from 0 to its initial opening, or automatically reset from the initial opening to 0. The initial opening is typically fixed, generally just enough to allow hydrogen to pass through, in preparation for subsequent hydrogen supply / cut-off. However, the initial opening of the proportional valve can vary due to factors such as ambient temperature and differences in product batch consistency, leading to excessive hydrogen pressure fluctuations during start-up and shutdown, severely impacting the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a hydrogen supply control scheme for fuel cell systems that can improve the stability of hydrogen pressure, thereby enhancing the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for a fuel cell system, which can improve the stability of hydrogen pressure, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0007] In response to the power-on command, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from the set opening ratio K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameters. K10 is the opening ratio of the first proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, and K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature.

[0008] Obtain the current actual stack pressure value and hydrogen stack pressure set value of the fuel cell system;

[0009] The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted by using the second PID control parameter until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, and the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the step of adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameter in response to the power-on command includes:

[0011] After the fuel cell system is powered on, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to the set opening K10 corresponding to the first proportional valve using the first PID control parameters.

[0012] In response to the power-on command, the current ambient temperature is obtained, and according to the preset correspondence between the initial opening degree of the first proportional valve and the ambient temperature, the initial opening degree ratio K11 of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature is determined. K11 is greater than K10, and K11 is the opening degree ratio of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through slightly at the current ambient temperature.

[0013] The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameter.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the step of adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve using the second PID control parameter until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure value and the setpoint hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range includes:

[0015] The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted using the second PID control parameters. The first adjustment range of the opening ratio is K11 and K12, where K12 is the upper limit of the opening of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through.

[0016] If the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range when adjusted to the first target opening degree, then the opening degree of the first proportional valve is controlled to maintain the first target opening degree.

[0017] If the deviation between the actual feed pressure and the set hydrogen feed pressure is consistently outside the allowable error range within the first adjustment range, and the requested power generation of the fuel cell system is detected to be greater than the target power of the fuel cell system, then the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is controlled to remain at K12, and the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is controlled until the deviation between the actual feed pressure and the set hydrogen feed pressure is within the allowable error range.

[0018] In one possible implementation, it also includes:

[0019] If the deviation between the actual feed pressure value and the hydrogen feed pressure set value within the first adjustment range is consistently outside the allowable error range, and no power generation power requested by the fuel cell system is detected to be greater than the target power corresponding to the fuel cell system, then the system will shut down and an abnormal alarm message will be output.

[0020] In one possible implementation, controlling the opening ratio of the second proportional valve until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the setpoint hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range includes:

[0021] The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to the set opening ratio K20 corresponding to the second proportional valve using the first PID control parameter; K20 is the opening ratio of the second proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through.

[0022] The current ambient temperature is obtained, and based on the preset correspondence between the initial opening degree of the second proportional valve and the ambient temperature, the initial opening degree ratio K21 of the second proportional valve at the current ambient temperature is determined. K21 is greater than K20, and K21 is the opening degree ratio of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through slightly at the current ambient temperature.

[0023] The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from K20 to K21 using the first PID control parameter.

[0024] The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted using the second PID control parameters until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set value of the hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range. The second adjustment range of the opening ratio is K21 and K22, where K22 is the upper limit of the opening of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through.

[0025] In one possible implementation, it also includes:

[0026] In response to a shutdown command, the current actual feed pressure value and hydrogen feed pressure set value of the fuel cell stack are obtained;

[0027] If the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, then the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are controlled to maintain their current opening.

[0028] If the deviation between the actual infeed pressure and the set hydrogen infeed pressure is not within the allowable error range, then the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K21 at the current ambient temperature using the second PID control parameter; the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from K21 to K20 using the first PID control parameter; the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K11 at the current ambient temperature using the second PID control parameter; the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from K11 to K10 using the first PID control parameter, and the fuel cell system is shut down.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the integral coefficient of the second PID control parameter is greater than the integral coefficient of the first PID control parameter, and the derivative coefficient of the second PID control parameter is greater than the derivative coefficient of the first PID control parameter.

[0030] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a controller for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0031] A fast response module is used to respond to the power-on command and use the first PID control parameters to control the opening ratio of the first proportional valve to be adjusted from the set opening ratio K10 to K11. K10 is the opening ratio of the first proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, and K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature.

[0032] A precision control module is used to acquire the current actual stack pressure value and hydrogen inlet pressure set value of the fuel cell system; and to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve by using a second PID control parameter until the deviation between the actual stack pressure value and the hydrogen inlet pressure set value is within the error allowable range, wherein the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter.

[0033] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide another controller for a fuel cell system, including:

[0034] The processor, and the memory that is in communication with the processor;

[0035] Memory is used to store instructions that the computer executes;

[0036] The processor is configured to execute computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect as described above.

[0037] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a fuel cell system, including: a controller for the fuel cell system as described in the third aspect.

[0038] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a vehicle including: the fuel cell system as described in the fourth aspect.

[0039] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect described above.

[0040] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementations of the first aspect described above.

[0041] This application provides a hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for a fuel cell system. During the startup phase, a first proportional valve can be controlled to adjust to an opening ratio K10 that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through. After the fuel cell system receives a startup command, a first PID control parameter can be used to quickly adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to an initial opening ratio K11, preparing the first proportional valve for subsequent hydrogen supply. Then, a second PID control parameter is used to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve according to the actual system pressure requirements until the deviation between the actual stack inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, thus achieving precise and stable control of the fuel cell stack hydrogen pressure. With this setup, before the fuel cell system receives a startup command, the first proportional valve can be controlled to adjust to an opening ratio K10 that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, ensuring that the first proportional valve is in a state where hydrogen cannot pass through before startup, preventing premature hydrogen supply to the hydrogen chamber, and guaranteeing the stability of the hydrogen pressure. After the fuel cell system receives the start-up command, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve can be quickly adjusted from K10 to K11 using a first PID control parameter with a large proportional coefficient. K11 represents the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature. This avoids changes in the initial opening ratio of the proportional valve caused by ambient temperature and product differences, ensuring that the proportional valve is at its initial opening ratio after start-up, further improving the stability of hydrogen pressure. The large proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter allows for rapid response to hydrogen pressure deviations during control, enabling quick adjustment of the proportional valve opening, reducing start-up time, and thus improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system. Attached Figure Description

[0042] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0043] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the controller of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the controller of a fuel cell system according to another embodiment of this application.

[0047] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0049] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0050] It should be noted that in the embodiments of this application, certain software, components, models and other existing solutions in the industry may be mentioned. These should be regarded as exemplary and are only intended to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application. However, it does not mean that the applicant has used or necessarily used the solution.

[0051] It should also be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of the relevant data must comply with relevant laws, regulations and standards, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0052] The hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for the fuel cell system of this application can be used in the field of fuel cells, as well as in any other field besides fuel cells, such as the field of new energy. The application fields of the hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for the fuel cell system of this application are not limited.

[0053] The hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for fuel cell systems disclosed in this application can be applied to hydrogen fuel cell vehicle usage scenarios. As long as the hydrogen fuel cell uses a proportional valve for hydrogen supply, the hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for fuel cell systems disclosed in this application can be used.

[0054] Hydrogen supply in a hydrogen fuel cell system is generally accomplished by a multi-proportional valve + circulation pump + ejector or a multi-proportional valve + multi-stage ejector. The control accuracy and response speed of the proportional valve determine the stability of the hydrogen supply pressure in the fuel cell system.

[0055] In related technologies, during the start-up and shutdown phases of a fuel cell system, the proportional valve opening is adjusted from 0 to its initial opening, or automatically reset from the initial opening to 0. The initial opening is typically fixed, generally just enough to allow hydrogen to pass through, in preparation for subsequent hydrogen supply / cut-off. However, the initial opening of the proportional valve can vary due to factors such as ambient temperature and differences in product batch consistency, leading to excessive hydrogen pressure fluctuations during start-up and shutdown, severely impacting the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0056] For example, at an ambient temperature of 25℃, the initial opening of the proportional valve is 30%, while at -30℃ it is 20%. If the initial opening is fixed at 30%, at -30℃, the valve is already in a state where hydrogen can pass through, causing premature hydrogen supply to the hydrogen chamber during system startup. This results in the hydrogen chamber pressure or hydrogen-air pressure difference exceeding the set value, causing the fuel cell system to malfunction and shut down, leading to startup failure. If the initial opening is fixed at 20%, the valve is closed at 25℃. During startup, the controller needs to automatically adjust the valve opening to 30% before responding to the hydrogen pressure demand of the fuel cell system. This results in an excessively long startup time, severely impacting the fuel cell system's lifespan (long open-circuit voltage time leads to electrode carbon corrosion, affecting the stack's lifespan).

[0057] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, the inventive concept of this application is to provide a hydrogen supply control scheme for a fuel cell system that can improve the stability of hydrogen pressure, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0058] This application provides a hydrogen supply control method, controller, system, and medium for a fuel cell system. Before the fuel cell system receives a start-up command, the first proportional valve can be controlled to adjust to an opening ratio K10 that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through. This ensures that the first proportional valve is in a state where hydrogen cannot pass through before start-up, preventing premature hydrogen supply to the hydrogen chamber and ensuring hydrogen pressure stability. After the fuel cell system receives the start-up command, a first PID control parameter with a large proportional coefficient can be used to quickly adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to K11. K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature. This avoids changes in the initial opening ratio of the proportional valve due to ambient temperature and product differences, ensuring that the proportional valve is at its initial opening ratio after start-up, further improving hydrogen pressure stability. The large proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter allows for rapid response to hydrogen pressure deviations during control, enabling rapid adjustment of the proportional valve opening, reducing start-up time, and thus improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0059] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 1As shown, the fuel cell system may include a hydrogen storage system, a first proportional valve and a second proportional valve connected to the hydrogen storage system, and an ejector connected to the first and second proportional valves. A pressure sensor is installed between the ejector and the fuel cell stack. Hydrogen in the hydrogen storage system can flow into the ejector through the first and / or second proportional valves. The ejector transfers the hydrogen to the fuel cell stack. The pressure sensor between the ejector and the fuel cell stack can detect the current actual feed pressure value of the fuel cell stack in real time. In response to a start-up command, the controller of the fuel cell system can use a first PID control parameter to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from a set opening ratio K10 to K11. K10 is the opening ratio of the first proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, and K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature. This is used to obtain the current actual feed pressure value of the fuel cell stack and the set hydrogen feed pressure value in the fuel cell system. The second PID control parameter is used to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve until the deviation between the actual feed pressure value and the set hydrogen feed pressure value is within the error tolerance range. The proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter.

[0061] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application. This embodiment describes the hydrogen supply control method for the fuel cell system using the fuel cell system controller as the executing entity. Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen supply control method for this fuel cell system may include the following steps:

[0062] S201: In response to the power-on command, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from the set opening K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameters.

[0063] In this embodiment, the controller of the fuel cell system can be a fuel cell controller unit (FCCU), which is the core control unit of the fuel cell system and is responsible for coordinating key functions such as hydrogen supply, air management, thermal management, stack protection and fault diagnosis.

[0064] In this embodiment, K10 is the opening ratio of the first proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, and K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature.

[0065] In this embodiment, the initial opening degree of the first proportional valve can be the opening degree ratio at which the first proportional valve slightly allows hydrogen to pass through, that is, it is at the boundary between not allowing hydrogen to pass through and allowing hydrogen to pass through, and is just allowing hydrogen to pass through.

[0066] In this embodiment, the opening degree K10 can be flexibly set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. As long as hydrogen is not allowed to pass through when the first proportional valve is at K10, no restrictions are imposed here.

[0067] In this embodiment, multiple tests can be performed on the first proportional valve in advance to obtain the initial opening degree of the first proportional valve under different ambient temperatures, and a correspondence table between temperature and the initial opening degree of the proportional valve can be formulated accordingly. In actual application, the initial opening degree ratio of the first proportional valve under the current ambient temperature can be obtained by looking up the table.

[0068] In this embodiment, before starting the machine, the first proportional valve is in the opening ratio K10 state, at which time hydrogen is not allowed to pass through at all, so as to avoid the hydrogen chamber pressure or hydrogen-air pressure difference exceeding the set value due to premature supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen chamber, which may cause the gas-electric system to malfunction, shut down, or fail to start.

[0069] In this embodiment, after power-on, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from K10 to K11, changing from a state that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through to a state that just allows hydrogen to pass through, in preparation for the subsequent hydrogen supply.

[0070] S202: Obtain the current actual stack pressure value and hydrogen stack pressure set value of the fuel cell system.

[0071] In this embodiment, the hydrogen infeed pressure setpoint can be the hydrogen infeed pressure value required for the current operating conditions of the fuel cell system, and the actual infeed pressure value can be the pressure value actually measured in the fuel cell stack. When the fuel cell system is working, the actual infeed pressure value needs to be adjusted to the hydrogen infeed pressure setpoint to meet the operating conditions.

[0072] In this embodiment, the actual infeed pressure value can be measured by a pressure sensor, and the hydrogen infeed pressure set value can be set according to the current actual operating conditions of the fuel cell system.

[0073] S203: The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted by using the second PID control parameter until the deviation between the actual reactor pressure value and the set value of the hydrogen reactor pressure is within the allowable error range.

[0074] In this embodiment, the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter.

[0075] In this embodiment, after adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to the initial opening K11, the second PID control parameters can be used to control the opening ratio of the first proportional valve according to the actual pressure requirements, so as to accurately regulate the hydrogen infeed pressure and make the deviation between the actual infeed pressure value and the hydrogen infeed pressure set value within the error allowable range, so as to meet the battery operating conditions.

[0076] In this embodiment, the proportional coefficient (P) of the PID control parameter has a fast response speed and can quickly react to hydrogen pressure deviation. Therefore, the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter can be set to be greater than that of the second PID control parameter, so that the proportional valve opening can respond quickly during the start-up phase, reduce start-up time, and ensure accurate and stable control of hydrogen pressure.

[0077] In this embodiment, the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint changes with the current operating conditions of the fuel cell system. When the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint changes, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve needs to be adjusted by using the second PID control parameter to ensure that the deviation between the actual inlet pressure and the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint is within the allowable error range. When the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint does not change, the proportional valve opening is maintained at a level that keeps the deviation between the current actual inlet pressure and the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint within the allowable error range.

[0078] In this embodiment, during the startup phase, the first proportional valve can be controlled to adjust to an opening ratio K10 that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through. After the fuel cell system receives the startup command, it can use the first PID control parameter to quickly adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to the initial opening ratio K11, preparing the first proportional valve for subsequent hydrogen supply. Then, the second PID control parameter is used to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve until the deviation between the actual stack inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, thus achieving precise and stable control of the stack hydrogen pressure. With this setting, before the fuel cell system receives the startup command, the first proportional valve can be controlled to adjust to an opening ratio K10 that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, ensuring that the first proportional valve is in a state that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through before startup, avoiding premature supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen chamber, and ensuring the stability of the hydrogen pressure. After the fuel cell system receives the start-up command, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve can be quickly adjusted from K10 to K11 using a first PID control parameter with a large proportional coefficient. K11 represents the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature. This avoids changes in the initial opening ratio of the proportional valve caused by ambient temperature and product differences, ensuring that the proportional valve is at its initial opening ratio after start-up, further improving the stability of hydrogen pressure. The large proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter allows for rapid response to hydrogen pressure deviations during control, enabling quick adjustment of the proportional valve opening, reducing start-up time, and thus improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0079] In one possible implementation, the integral coefficient of the second PID control parameter is greater than the integral coefficient of the first PID control parameter, and the derivative coefficient of the second PID control parameter is greater than the derivative coefficient of the first PID control parameter.

[0080] In this embodiment, the following formula is the expression for the PID control output:

[0081] u(t)=Kpe(t)+Ki∫0 t e(T)d(T)+Kddtde(t)

[0082] Where e(t) represents the deviation between the actual feed pressure and the set hydrogen feed pressure, Kp is the proportional coefficient, Ki is the integral coefficient, and Kd is the differential coefficient.

[0083] In this embodiment, the PID control parameters include proportional coefficient, integral coefficient, and derivative coefficient. The proportional coefficient (P) has a fast response speed and can quickly react to hydrogen pressure deviation. The integral coefficient (I) can eliminate steady-state error and ensure system accuracy. The derivative coefficient (D) can suppress deviation changes, reduce system overshoot, and improve system stability.

[0084] For example, Table 1 below is a parameter comparison table of the first PID control parameters and the second PID control parameters:

[0085] Table 1

[0086] Proportional coefficient Kp Integral coefficient Ki Derivative coefficient Kd First PID control parameter 1.31 0.31 0.04 Second PID control parameter 0.42 0.56 0.36

[0087] In this embodiment, the proportional valve opening ratio is from 0 to K10 or from K10 to K11. The purpose is to allow the proportional valve opening to respond quickly and reduce start-up and shutdown time. After the proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K11, the fuel cell system begins to supply hydrogen. By adjusting the proportional valve opening, the actual infeed pressure is adjusted to the hydrogen infeed pressure setpoint. The purpose is to precisely control the hydrogen infeed pressure and ensure accurate and stable pressure control. Therefore, the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is set to be greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter, the integral coefficient of the second PID control parameter is set to be greater than the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter, and the derivative coefficient of the second PID control parameter is set to be greater than the derivative coefficient of the first PID control parameter.

[0088] In one possible implementation, step S201, which responds to a power-on command by adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameters, may include:

[0089] S11: After the fuel cell system is powered on, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to the set opening K10 corresponding to the first proportional valve using the first PID control parameters.

[0090] S12: In response to the power-on command, obtain the current ambient temperature, and determine the initial opening ratio K11 of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature according to the preset correspondence between the initial opening of the first proportional valve and the ambient temperature. K11 is greater than K10, and K11 is the opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature that allows hydrogen to pass through slightly.

[0091] S13: Use the first PID control parameter to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to K11.

[0092] In this embodiment, when the fuel cell system is powered off, the proportional valve is open to 0 degrees.

[0093] In this embodiment, the tester can conduct multiple tests on the first proportional valve at different temperatures in advance to obtain the initial opening degree of the first proportional valve at different ambient temperatures, and formulate a correspondence table between temperature and the initial opening degree of the proportional valve accordingly.

[0094] In this embodiment, after the fuel cell system is powered on, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve can be adjusted from 0 to a set opening ratio K10. At this time, the first proportional valve completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, avoiding premature hydrogen supply. Upon receiving the start-up command, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve can be quickly adjusted from K10 to the initial opening ratio K11 using the first PID control parameters. Through two-stage opening adjustment, the system can be started up quickly, reducing start-up time and thus improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system. In addition, the correspondence between the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve and the ambient temperature can be preset to avoid changes in the initial opening ratio of the proportional valve caused by temperature and product differences, ensuring that the proportional valve is at the initial opening ratio after start-up, further improving the stability of hydrogen pressure.

[0095] In one possible implementation, step S203 above, which uses the second PID control parameter to control the opening ratio of the first proportional valve for adjustment until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure value and the hydrogen inlet pressure set value is within the allowable error range, may include:

[0096] S21: The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted using the second PID control parameter. The first adjustment range of the opening ratio is K11 and K12, where K12 is the upper limit of the opening of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through.

[0097] S22: If the deviation between the actual reactor pressure and the set hydrogen reactor pressure is within the allowable error range when adjusted to the first target opening degree, then the opening degree of the first proportional valve is controlled to maintain the first target opening degree.

[0098] S23: If the deviation between the actual feed pressure value and the set hydrogen feed pressure value within the first adjustment range is always outside the allowable error range, and the power generation requested by the fuel cell system is detected to be greater than the target power corresponding to the fuel cell system, then the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is controlled to remain at K12, and the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is controlled until the deviation between the actual feed pressure value and the set hydrogen feed pressure value is within the allowable error range.

[0099] In this embodiment, K12 is the upper limit of the opening degree of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through. It can be the maximum opening degree that allows hydrogen to pass through when the first proportional valve is opened alone (i.e., the hydrogen flow rate does not change when the opening ratio exceeds K12), or it can be the maximum opening degree that the first proportional valve allows hydrogen to pass through when the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are opened at the same time.

[0100] In this embodiment, the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint changes with the operating conditions of the fuel cell system. Therefore, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is not fixed and also changes with the deviation between the actual inlet pressure and the hydrogen inlet pressure setpoint.

[0101] In this embodiment, the power generation requested by the fuel cell system is greater than the target power corresponding to the fuel cell system, indicating that a single proportional valve cannot meet the current operating conditions, and it is necessary to open the second proportional valve and the second ejector.

[0102] In this embodiment, while the second proportional valve is opened, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve can be maintained at the upper limit value K12.

[0103] In this embodiment, after the first proportional valve is adjusted to its initial opening ratio K11, hydrogen supply can begin. The controller can adjust the opening of the first proportional valve within a first adjustment range to regulate the hydrogen flow rate, thereby adjusting the system's hydrogen pressure demand. This ensures that the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the setpoint hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range. If the deviation is within the allowable error range when adjusted to the first target opening, it indicates that the first proportional valve can meet the current operating conditions, and the first proportional valve can maintain its current first target opening. If the deviation is not within the allowable error range and the system's requested power generation is greater than the target power, it indicates that a single proportional valve cannot meet the current operating conditions, and both the first and second proportional valves need to be opened simultaneously for hydrogen pressure control.

[0104] In one possible implementation, the method may further include:

[0105] If the deviation between the actual feed pressure and the set hydrogen feed pressure within the first adjustment range is consistently outside the allowable error range, and no request for power generation from the fuel cell system is detected to be greater than the target power of the fuel cell system, then the system will shut down and an abnormal alarm message will be output.

[0106] In this embodiment, the abnormal alarm message can be one or more of the following: text message, image message, and sound message.

[0107] In this embodiment, if the requested power generation of the fuel cell system is not detected to be greater than the target power of the fuel cell system, it means that a single proportional valve can meet the current operating conditions. If, on this basis, the deviation between the actual infeed pressure value of the first proportional valve and the set value of the hydrogen infeed pressure within the first adjustment range is always outside the error allowable range, it means that the system may be malfunctioning and needs to be shut down and alarmed in time.

[0108] In one possible implementation, controlling the opening ratio of the second proportional valve in step S23 above until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure value and the hydrogen inlet pressure set value is within the allowable error range may include:

[0109] S31: The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to the set opening ratio K20 corresponding to the second proportional valve using the first PID control parameter; K20 is the opening ratio of the second proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through.

[0110] S32: Obtain the current ambient temperature, and determine the initial opening ratio K21 of the second proportional valve at the current ambient temperature according to the preset correspondence between the initial opening of the second proportional valve and the ambient temperature. K21 is greater than K20, and K21 is the opening ratio of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through slightly at the current ambient temperature.

[0111] S33: Use the first PID control parameter to control the opening ratio of the second proportional valve to be adjusted from K20 to K21.

[0112] S34: The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted using the second PID control parameters until the deviation between the actual reactor pressure value and the set value of the hydrogen reactor pressure is within the allowable error range. The second adjustment range of the opening ratio is K21 and K22, where K22 is the upper limit of the opening of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through.

[0113] In this embodiment, the specifications of the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve can be the same or different, and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0114] In this embodiment, the opening degree K20 can be flexibly set by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions. As long as hydrogen is not allowed to pass through when the second proportional valve is at K20, no restrictions are imposed here.

[0115] In this embodiment, the tester can conduct multiple tests on the second proportional valve at different temperatures in advance to obtain the initial opening degree of the second proportional valve at different ambient temperatures, and formulate a correspondence table between temperature and the initial opening degree of the proportional valve accordingly.

[0116] In this embodiment, K22 is the upper limit of the opening degree that the second proportional valve allows hydrogen to pass through. It can be the maximum opening degree that the second proportional valve allows hydrogen to pass through when the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are opened at the same time (that is, the hydrogen flow rate does not change when the opening ratio exceeds K22).

[0117] In this embodiment, the opening process of the second proportional valve is the same as that of the first proportional valve. First, the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to a set opening ratio K20. At this point, the second proportional valve completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, avoiding premature hydrogen supply. Then, the first PID control parameters are used to quickly adjust the opening ratio of the second proportional valve from K20 to the initial opening ratio K21. Through this two-stage opening adjustment, the second proportional valve can be opened rapidly, thereby improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system. After the second proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K21, hydrogen supply begins. The controller can adjust the opening ratio of the second proportional valve within a second adjustment range to adjust the hydrogen flow rate, thereby adjusting the system's hydrogen pressure demand and ensuring that the deviation between the actual infeed pressure and the set hydrogen infeed pressure is within the allowable error range.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the method may further include:

[0119] S41: In response to a shutdown command, obtain the current actual feed pressure value of the fuel cell stack and the hydrogen feed pressure setpoint.

[0120] S42: If the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, then control the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve to maintain their current opening.

[0121] S43: If the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the setpoint for hydrogen inlet pressure is not within the allowable error range, the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K21 at the current ambient temperature using the second PID control parameter.

[0122] S44: Use the first PID control parameter to control the opening ratio of the second proportional valve to be adjusted from K21 to K20.

[0123] S45: Use the second PID control parameters to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve to the initial opening ratio K11 at the current ambient temperature.

[0124] S46: Use the first PID control parameter to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K11 to K10, and shut down the fuel cell system.

[0125] In this embodiment, during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system, the actual infeed pressure value changes in a stepwise manner. Therefore, there may be a situation where the deviation between the actual infeed pressure value and the set value of the hydrogen infeed pressure is within the allowable error range. In this case, it is sufficient to maintain the current opening degree of the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve.

[0126] In this embodiment, after the fuel cell system is powered off, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve will automatically reset from K10 to 0, and the opening ratio of the second proportional valve will also automatically reset from K20 to 0.

[0127] In this embodiment, the closing and opening phases of the proportional valves correspond when the fuel cell system is shut down. The second proportional valve is closed first, followed by the first proportional valve. When closing the second / first proportional valve, the opening ratio is first adjusted to the initial opening ratio at the current ambient temperature using the second PID control parameter, and then adjusted to the set opening ratio where hydrogen is not allowed to pass through at all using the first PID control parameter. This allows the proportional valves to close quickly, ensuring precise and stable hydrogen pressure control. Through this two-stage opening adjustment, the system can be shut down quickly, reducing shutdown time and further improving the stability and lifespan of the fuel cell system.

[0128] The hydrogen supply control method of the fuel cell system of this application is described below with a specific embodiment.

[0129] In one specific embodiment, a new energy vehicle uses a fuel cell system for power supply. The hydrogen supply process of the fuel cell system is as follows:

[0130] In the first step, after the fuel cell system is powered on, the controller of the fuel cell system uses the first PID control parameter to control the opening ratio of the first proportional valve to be adjusted from 0 to the set opening degree K10 corresponding to the first proportional valve.

[0131] The second step is that the controller of the fuel cell system responds to the start-up command, obtains the current ambient temperature, and determines the initial opening ratio K11 of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature according to the preset correspondence between the initial opening degree of the first proportional valve and the ambient temperature. Then, it uses the first PID control parameters to control the opening ratio of the first proportional valve to be adjusted from K10 to K11.

[0132] The third step is for the fuel cell system controller to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve using the second PID control parameters. The first adjustment range of the opening ratio is K11 and K12, where K12 is the upper limit of the opening of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through. When the adjustment reaches the first target opening, if the deviation between the actual infeed pressure and the set value of the hydrogen infeed pressure is within the error allowable range, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is controlled to maintain the first target opening.

[0133] Fourth step: When the controller of the fuel cell system detects at time A that the power generation requested by the fuel cell system is greater than the target power corresponding to the fuel cell system, and the deviation between the actual stack pressure value and the set value of the hydrogen stack pressure is always within the error allowable range within the first adjustment range, the controller uses the first PID control parameter to control the opening ratio of the second proportional valve to be adjusted from 0 to the set opening degree K20 corresponding to the second proportional valve.

[0134] Fifth, the controller of the fuel cell system obtains the current ambient temperature, and determines the initial opening ratio K21 of the second proportional valve at the current ambient temperature according to the preset correspondence between the initial opening of the second proportional valve and the ambient temperature. Then, it uses the first PID control parameters to control the opening ratio of the second proportional valve to be adjusted from K20 to K21.

[0135] The sixth step involves the fuel cell system controller adjusting the opening ratio of the second proportional valve using the second PID control parameters until the deviation between the actual infeed pressure and the set hydrogen infeed pressure is within the allowable error range. The second adjustment range of the opening ratio is K21 and K22, where K22 is the upper limit of the opening of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through.

[0136] Step 7: In response to the shutdown command, the controller of the fuel cell system obtains the current actual stack pressure value and the hydrogen stack pressure set value, and determines that the deviation between the actual stack pressure value and the hydrogen stack pressure set value is within the allowable error range. Then, it controls the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve to maintain their current opening degree.

[0137] Step 8: When the controller of the fuel cell system determines at time B that the deviation between the actual stack pressure value and the set value of the hydrogen stack pressure is not within the allowable error range, it uses the second PID control parameter to adjust the opening ratio of the second proportional valve to the initial opening ratio K21 at the current ambient temperature.

[0138] In the ninth step, the controller of the fuel cell system uses the first PID control parameter to adjust the opening ratio of the second proportional valve from K21 to K20.

[0139] Step 10: The controller of the fuel cell system uses the second PID control parameter to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve to the initial opening ratio K11 at the current ambient temperature, and uses the first PID control parameter to control the opening ratio of the first proportional valve to be adjusted from K11 to K10, and shuts down the fuel cell system. After the fuel cell system is powered off, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is automatically reset from K10 to 0, and the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is automatically reset from K20 to 0.

[0140] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the controller structure of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the controller of the fuel cell system includes: a fast response module 31, used to respond to a start-up command by adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from a set opening ratio K10 to K11 using a first PID control parameter, where K10 is the opening ratio at which hydrogen is completely prevented from passing through, and K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature; and a precision control module 32, used to acquire the current actual stack pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value in the fuel cell system; and to adjust the opening ratio of the first proportional valve using a second PID control parameter until the deviation between the actual stack pressure value and the set hydrogen inlet pressure value is within the error allowable range, wherein the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter.

[0141] The controller of the fuel cell system provided in this application embodiment can execute the technical solution shown in the above method embodiment. Its implementation principle and beneficial effects are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0142] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the controller structure of a fuel cell system according to another embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the controller of the fuel cell system includes a processor 401 and a memory 402 communicatively connected to the processor 401; the memory 402 stores computer-executed instructions; the processor 401 executes the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory 402 to implement the steps of the hydrogen supply control method of the fuel cell system in the above method embodiments.

[0143] In the controller of the aforementioned fuel cell system, the memory 402 and the processor 401 are electrically connected directly or indirectly to enable data transmission or interaction. For example, these components can be electrically connected to each other via one or more communication buses or signal lines, such as a bus connection. The memory 402 stores computer-executable instructions for implementing data access control methods, including at least one software functional module that can be stored in the memory 402 in the form of software or firmware. The processor 401 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 402.

[0144] The memory 402 may be, but is not limited to, Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Programmable Read-Only Memory (PROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), etc. The memory 402 stores programs, which are executed by the processor 401 upon receiving execution instructions. Furthermore, the software programs and modules within the memory 402 may also include an operating system, which may include various software components and / or drivers for managing system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and can communicate with various hardware or software components to provide an operating environment for other software components.

[0145] Processor 401 can be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The aforementioned processor 401 can be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), etc. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0146] One embodiment of this application also provides a fuel cell system, including: as follows Figure 4 The controller of the fuel cell system shown.

[0147] One embodiment of this application also provides a vehicle, including: Figure 1 The fuel cell system shown.

[0148] An embodiment of this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the steps of the various method embodiments of this application.

[0149] An embodiment of this application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the various method embodiments of this application.

[0150] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0151] It should be further noted that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0152] It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and the device of this application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above embodiments is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed.

[0153] Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the functional units / modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one unit / module, or each unit / module can exist physically separately, or two or more units / modules can be integrated together. The integrated units / modules described above can be implemented in hardware or as software program modules.

[0154] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification.

[0155] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the appended claims.

[0156] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for controlling hydrogen supply in a fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: In response to the power-on command, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from the set opening ratio K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameters. K10 is the opening ratio of the first proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through, and K11 is the initial opening ratio of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature. Obtain the current actual stack pressure value and hydrogen stack pressure set value of the fuel cell system; The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted by using the second PID control parameter until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, and the proportional coefficient of the first PID control parameter is greater than the proportional coefficient of the second PID control parameter.

2. The hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of responding to a power-on command by adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve from K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameters includes: After the fuel cell system is powered on, the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to the set opening K10 corresponding to the first proportional valve using the first PID control parameters. In response to the power-on command, the current ambient temperature is obtained, and according to the preset correspondence between the initial opening degree of the first proportional valve and the ambient temperature, the initial opening degree ratio K11 of the first proportional valve at the current ambient temperature is determined. K11 is greater than K10, and K11 is the opening degree ratio of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through slightly at the current ambient temperature. The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from K10 to K11 using the first PID control parameter.

3. The hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the opening ratio of the first proportional valve by using the second PID control parameters until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the setpoint hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range includes: The opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted using the second PID control parameters. The first adjustment range of the opening ratio is K11 and K12, where K12 is the upper limit of the opening of the first proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through. If the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range when adjusted to the first target opening degree, then the opening degree of the first proportional valve is controlled to maintain the first target opening degree. If the deviation between the actual feed pressure and the set hydrogen feed pressure is consistently outside the allowable error range within the first adjustment range, and the requested power generation of the fuel cell system is detected to be greater than the target power of the fuel cell system, then the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is controlled to remain at K12, and the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is controlled until the deviation between the actual feed pressure and the set hydrogen feed pressure is within the allowable error range.

4. The hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: If the deviation between the actual feed pressure value and the hydrogen feed pressure set value within the first adjustment range is consistently outside the allowable error range, and no power generation power requested by the fuel cell system is detected to be greater than the target power corresponding to the fuel cell system, then the system will shut down and an abnormal alarm message will be output.

5. The hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control of the opening ratio of the second proportional valve until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range includes: The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from 0 to the set opening ratio K20 corresponding to the second proportional valve using the first PID control parameter; K20 is the opening ratio of the second proportional valve that completely prevents hydrogen from passing through. The current ambient temperature is obtained, and based on the preset correspondence between the initial opening degree of the second proportional valve and the ambient temperature, the initial opening degree ratio K21 of the second proportional valve at the current ambient temperature is determined. K21 is greater than K20, and K21 is the opening degree ratio of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through slightly at the current ambient temperature. The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from K20 to K21 using the first PID control parameter. The opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted using the second PID control parameters until the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set value of the hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range. The second adjustment range of the opening ratio is K21 and K22, where K22 is the upper limit of the opening of the second proportional valve that allows hydrogen to pass through.

6. The hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Also includes: In response to a shutdown command, the current actual feed pressure value and hydrogen feed pressure set value of the fuel cell stack are obtained; If the deviation between the actual reactor inlet pressure and the set hydrogen inlet pressure is within the allowable error range, then the first proportional valve and the second proportional valve are controlled to maintain their current opening. If the deviation between the actual infeed pressure and the set hydrogen infeed pressure is not within the allowable error range, then the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K21 at the current ambient temperature using the second PID control parameter; the opening ratio of the second proportional valve is adjusted from K21 to K20 using the first PID control parameter; the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted to the initial opening ratio K11 at the current ambient temperature using the second PID control parameter; the opening ratio of the first proportional valve is adjusted from K11 to K10 using the first PID control parameter, and the fuel cell system is shut down.

7. The hydrogen supply control method for a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The integral coefficient of the second PID control parameter is greater than the integral coefficient of the first PID control parameter, and the derivative coefficient of the second PID control parameter is greater than the derivative coefficient of the first PID control parameter.

8. A controller for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: A processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory is used to store computer-executed instructions; The processor is used to execute computer execution instructions stored in the memory, causing the processor to perform the hydrogen supply control method for the fuel cell system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: The controller for the fuel cell system as described in claim 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, are used to implement the hydrogen supply control method for the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-7.

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