Seedling raising device for sweet potato seedling raising in winter

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sweet potato planting, in particular to a seedling raising device for sweet potato seedling raising in winter, which comprises a seedling raising box, a seedling raising tray arranged in the seedling raising box, a drainage assembly arranged at the bottom of the seedling raising tray, a drainage tray arranged at the bottom of the seedling raising tray, an annular heating plate fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the drainage tray, and a controller in signal connection with the annular heating plate. A plurality of third springs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the water collecting tank, the bottoms of the third springs are fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the seedling raising box, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the water collecting tank, and a ventilation opening is formed in the side, close to the circular ring, of the side wall of the seedling raising plate; opening-closing assemblies are arranged at the tops of the connecting rods; the distance between the breeding disc and the heating plate is automatically adjusted through the soil water content, meanwhile, water discharged from the breeding disc drives the connecting rods to ascend and descend to control opening and closing of the ventilation openings, and fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot of sweet potato seedlings caused by too high humidity in the breeding disc are prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to sweet potato planting technology field, specifically to a kind of for sweet potato winter seedling seedling device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sweet potato is a root tuber of convolvulaceae plant, its edible enlarged part is usually fusiform, the epidermis color is various (common red skin, purple skin, yellow skin or white skin), and the internal flesh is mostly orange yellow, purple or white. It is originally from tropical America, and now widely cultivated in warm regions around the world, and is an important food, feed and industrial raw material crop. Sweet potato is extremely rich in nutrition, is a high-quality compound carbohydrate source, provides sustained energy and has a relatively low glycemic index; its most outstanding nutritional highlight is rich in beta-carotene (especially orange flesh varieties), which is converted into vitamin A in the body, which is essential for maintaining eye health, skin and mucosal integrity and immune function, and the content is much higher than that of carrots; at the same time, sweet potato is an excellent source of dietary fiber, which helps promote digestive system health, prevent constipation, increase satiety and help regulate blood sugar and cholesterol levels; it also contains a considerable amount of vitamin C, which has antioxidant effects, supports the immune system and collagen synthesis; in terms of minerals, sweet potato provides potassium (helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance), manganese (involved in bone health and metabolism) and some vitamin B6; in addition, sweet potato (especially purple sweet potato) is rich in anthocyanins and other powerful antioxidants that help the body fight free radical damage and have potential anti-inflammatory and reduce the risk of chronic diseases; its natural sweetness and delicate texture make it a delicious staple, dessert or snack ingredient, with a variety of cooking methods (steaming, boiling, baking, frying); without adding a large amount of sugar, salt or fat, it can be delicious; from the perspective of agriculture, sweet potato is relatively drought and poor, with high yield, and the tuber is resistant to storage, which is an important food security crop; finally, it is naturally free of fat and cholesterol, with moderate overall calories (depending on cooking method), which is an ideal choice for people pursuing healthy diet, controlling weight, paying attention to blood sugar (moderate consumption), vegetarians and people who need high vitamin A intake.

[0003] Since sweet potato is a typical tropical and subtropical crop, its tubers and seedlings are extremely sensitive to low temperature, and there are significant difficulties in seedling in winter. When the environmental temperature is continuously lower than 10℃, the seed potatoes are prone to cold injury or frost injury, showing rot, internal tissue browning and necrosis, and loss of germination ability. To solve this problem, the existing method uses a greenhouse to change the growth temperature of sweet potato. By the closed or semi-closed structure design of the greenhouse, the high light transmittance of the transparent covering material (such as plastic film, sunlight board) is used to efficiently capture solar radiation energy, convert light energy into heat energy and accumulate in the internal space, form a "greenhouse effect", increase the air temperature and ground temperature in the greenhouse, and then increase the temperature of the environment where the sweet potato seedlings are located.

[0004] In actual implementation process, although the environment temperature of sweet potato seedling is increased by using the greenhouse to avoid the freezing injury of sweet potato seedling and the seedling raising, the sweet potato seedling is kept in the closed space for a long time by using the greenhouse, the humidity is too high, the sweet potato seedling is caused to have the fungal disease and the bacterial soft rot, and then the sweet potato seedling cannot complete the seedling raising.

[0005] Therefore, the application provides a seedling raising device for winter seedling raising of sweet potato to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above problems, the application provides a seedling raising device for winter seedling raising of sweet potato, the distance between the soil water content automatic adjusting seedling tray and the heating plate is adjusted, the water discharged from the seedling tray is used to drive the connecting rod to lift and control the opening and closing of the ventilation opening, and the humidity in the seedling tray is prevented from being too high to cause the sweet potato seedling to have the fungal disease and the bacterial soft rot.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the application is as follows: a seedling raising device for winter seedling raising of sweet potato, comprising a seedling raising box, a seedling tray is arranged in the seedling raising box, a drainage assembly for guiding the excess water in the soil is arranged at the bottom of the seedling tray, a drainage tray is arranged at the bottom of the seedling tray, an annular heating plate is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the drainage tray, the annular heating plate is signal connected with a controller, one side of the side wall of the drainage tray is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising box, a supporting assembly for supporting the seedling tray is arranged on the drainage tray, a water collecting pool is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the seedling tray below the drainage tray, a plurality of third springs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the water collecting pool, the bottoms of the third springs are fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the seedling raising box, a ventilation opening is arranged on the side wall of the seedling raising box near one side of the circle, the ventilation opening is located at the same horizontal plane as the top of the drainage tray, a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the water collecting pool near one side of the ventilation opening, and an opening and closing assembly for controlling the opening and closing state of the ventilation opening is arranged at the top of the connecting rod; the seedling tray is placed on the drainage tray, the weight of the seedling tray and the supporting force of the supporting assembly are balanced, after watering the seedling tray, the weight of the seedling tray is increased, the gravity of the seedling tray is higher than the supporting force of the supporting assembly, the supporting assembly and the seedling tray are all lowered, the bottom of the seedling tray is in contact with the heating plate, the humidity in the seedling tray is prevented from being too high by the temperature of the heating plate, the excess water in the seedling tray enters the water collecting pool through the drainage assembly, the weight of the water collecting pool is increased to drive the connecting rod to lower, and then the connecting rod pulls the opening and closing assembly to lower to open the ventilation opening to ventilate the seedling tray.

[0008] The technical principle of the above scheme is as follows: the seedling tray is placed on the support assembly, and after the support assembly is stabilized, the height of the support assembly does not change, after the seedling tray is watered, the weight of the seedling tray increases, the support assembly moves vertically downward, the bottom of the seedling tray is close to the top of the annular heating plate, and after the water flow penetrates the soil in the seedling tray, the water flow enters the water collecting pool through the drainage assembly, the weight of the water collecting pool is increased, and then the water collecting pool is lowered to drive the connecting rod to be lowered, the connecting rod drives the opening and closing assembly to move downward to open the ventilation opening.

[0009] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: compared with the prior art of using a film to cover and keep warm the sweet potato seedlings, the film covers the sweet potato seedlings in a closed space for a long time, which is easy to cause high humidity, resulting in fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot of the sweet potato seedlings, and thus the sweet potato seedlings cannot complete the seedling raising; according to the weight of the seedling tray, the water content of the seedling tray is determined, and the excess water in the seedling tray is collected in the water collecting pool, and then the weight of the water collecting pool is increased to drive the connecting rod to be lowered, and the opening and closing of the ventilation opening is controlled through the connecting rod, so that the seedling tray is heated and ventilated, and the sweet potato seedlings are prevented from being in a closed space with high humidity for a long time, thereby ensuring the healthy seedling raising of the sweet potato seedlings.

[0010] Further, the drainage assembly comprises a drainage opening and a plurality of drainage holes, the drainage opening is opened at the center of the bottom of the drainage tray, the bottom wall edge of the drainage tray is higher than the center of the bottom wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage holes are all opened at the bottom wall of the seedling tray.

[0011] Beneficial effect: the excess water in the seedling tray enters the drainage tray through the drainage holes, and the excess water can all enter the water collecting pool through the drainage opening due to the inclined design of the bottom of the drainage tray, thereby the excess water in the seedling tray is discharged, and the sweet potato seedlings are prevented from rotting due to soaking.

[0012] Further, the support assembly comprises an annular support plate, the outer side walls of the annular support plate are in sliding fit with the inner side walls of the drainage tray, the bottom of the annular support plate is provided with a plurality of first springs, and the other ends of the first springs are all fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the drainage tray.

[0013] Beneficial effect: the annular support plate and the first spring support the seedling tray, and the distance between the seedling tray and the annular heating plate is controlled according to the weight of the seedling tray through the elasticity of the first spring.

[0014] Further, the opening and closing assembly comprises a baffle, the side close to the ventilation opening of the baffle is provided with a T-shaped sliding block, the inner side wall of the seedling box close to the baffle is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the T-shaped sliding block, the top of the baffle is provided with a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the seedling box close to the baffle, the bottom of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of second springs, and the other ends of the second springs are all fixedly connected with the top of the baffle.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The water level change in the water collection tank drives the movement of the buoyancy ball and the connecting plate, causing the buoyancy ball and the ring to move in opposite directions. This causes the water in the seedling tray to be pulled down by the ring towards the baffle, opening the ventilation opening to facilitate ventilation of the seedling tray, reduce the humidity in the seedling tray, and prevent the sweet potato seedlings from rotting.

[0016] Furthermore, an opening is provided at the top of the side wall of the water collection tank.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The design of the opening facilitates drainage of the water collection tank.

[0018] Furthermore, a sliding groove is connected to the bottom of the opening, the sliding groove is opened on the outer wall of the water collection tank, and a drainage channel is slidably fitted inside the sliding groove. The other end of the drainage channel is connected to a water storage tank, and the water storage tank is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the seedling box.

[0019] Beneficial effects: Through the sliding cooperation design of the sliding groove and drainage pipe, when the weight of the water collection pool increases, the opening follows the water collection pool down to the drainage channel, thereby allowing the water collection pool to drain in a measured amount. The drainage pipe connects the water collection pool and the water storage tank, so as to collect and reuse excess water.

[0020] Furthermore, a folding heat preservation curtain is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the seedling box. A push plate is fixedly connected to the side of the folding heat preservation curtain away from the connection with the seedling box. A light sensor is fixedly connected to the top of the push plate. An electric control cylinder is fixedly connected to the side of the push plate away from the folding heat preservation curtain. The electric control cylinder is fixedly connected to the seedling box. Both the electric control cylinder and the light sensor are connected to the controller signal.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The light sensor monitors the intensity of natural light in real time. When the light is good, the controller controls the electric cylinder to push the push plate, which in turn pushes the folding insulation curtain to fold and store it, so that the seedling tray can receive natural light. This not only supplements the light for the sweet potato seedlings but also increases their environmental adaptability.

[0022] Furthermore, the spring constant of the first spring is 1500 N / m, and the first spring is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0023] Beneficial effects: By controlling the material and elastic coefficient of the first spring, it is possible to ensure that when the seedling tray is dry, the supporting force of the annular support plate and the first spring on the seedling tray is balanced with the weight of the seedling tray. However, after watering the seedling tray, the weight increases dramatically, making the weight of the seedling tray higher than the supporting force of the annular support plate and the first spring on the seedling tray. This compresses the first spring and causes the seedling tray and the annular support plate to move vertically downward. The movement of the annular support plate controls the closure of the water collection pool, thereby adjusting the opening and closing of the ventilation openings to allow for ventilation according to the humidity inside the seedling box, preventing the sweet potato seedlings from rotting due to prolonged exposure to a closed and high-humidity environment.

[0024] Further, the bottom of the water collecting pool is provided with an anti-blocking filter screen.

[0025] Beneficial effects: through the design of the anti-blocking filter screen, the soil solids or other impurities carried in the water body are prevented from entering the drainage channel to cause blockage.

[0026] Further, the drainage channel is fixedly connected with an activated carbon filter screen near one side of the water storage tank.

[0027] Beneficial effects: through the activated carbon filter screen, the water entering the water storage pool is purified and filtered, so that the excess water can be recycled.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description and will become apparent from the following detailed description, the given in the following detailed description or understood, through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is an overall axonometric view of the seedling box of the seedling device for sweet potato winter seedling according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a front view of the seedling box of the seedling device for sweet potato winter seedling according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a lateral view of the seedling box of the seedling device for sweet potato winter seedling according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a lateral view of the seedling box of the seedling device for sweet potato winter seedling according to the embodiment of the present application in the open state of the ventilation opening.

[0033] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: 1, seedling box; 2, seedling tray; 3, drainage tray; 4, annular heating plate; 5, water collecting pool; 6, opening; 7, filter screen; 8, sliding groove; 9, ventilation opening; 10, drainage opening; 11, annular support plate; 12, first spring; 13, baffle; 14, fixed plate; 15, second spring; 16, third spring; 17, connecting rod; 18, activated carbon filter screen; 19, water storage tank; 20, drainage channel; 21, folding heat preservation curtain; 22, push plate; 23, electric control cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings, obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 The image shows a seedling raising device for sweet potato seedling raising in winter, comprising a seedling box 1, a seedling tray 2 inside the seedling box 1, and a drainage tray 3 at the bottom of the seedling tray 2. The side wall of the drainage tray 3 is welded to the inner wall of the seedling box 1. Because excessive water accumulation in the seedling tray 2 can lead to prolonged soaking of the sweet potato seedlings, potentially causing rotting and seedling failure, a drainage component is provided at the bottom of the seedling tray 2 to guide excess water from the soil. The drainage component includes a drainage port 10 and several drainage holes. The drainage port 10 is located at the center of the bottom of the drainage tray 3, and the edge of the bottom wall of the drainage tray 3 is higher than the center of the bottom wall of the drainage pipe. All drainage holes are located on the bottom wall of the seedling tray 2. The seedling box 1 has a water collection pool 5 located below the drainage tray 3, and the top of the water collection pool 5 is equipped with an anti-clogging filter. Since winter temperatures are usually below 10°C, while the suitable temperature for sweet potato seedling cultivation is 15°C-18°C, to prevent the sweet potato seedlings from suffering chilling or freezing damage due to excessively low temperatures, which could lead to rotting, browning and necrosis of the internal tissues, and loss of germination ability, the following measures are taken: Figure 2As shown, the inner bottom wall of the drainage tray 3 is welded with an annular heating plate 4, the model of the annular heating plate 4 is preferably HX-1500 annular heater, the surface of the annular heating plate 4 is provided with a high-temperature-resistant waterproof coating, the annular heating plate 4 is signal-connected with a controller, and the model of the controller is preferably STC-1000 double-way temperature controller; the drainage tray 3 is provided with a supporting assembly for supporting the seedling tray 2, the supporting assembly comprises an annular supporting plate 11, the outer side walls of the annular supporting plate 11 are in sliding fit with the inner side walls of the drainage tray 3, the bottom of the annular supporting plate 11 is provided with a plurality of first springs 12, the elastic coefficients of the first springs 12 are all 1500 N / m, the first springs 12 are all made of 304 stainless steel, and the other ends of the first springs 12 are all welded with the inner bottom wall of the drainage tray 3; when the seedling tray 2 is in a dry state, the gravity of the seedling tray 2 is balanced with the supporting force of the annular supporting plate 11 and the first springs 12 on the seedling tray 2, and after the seedling tray 2 is watered, the gravity of the seedling tray 2 is higher than the supporting force of the annular supporting plate 11 and the first springs 12 on the seedling tray 2, and the pressure of the seedling tray 2 on the first springs 12 makes the first springs 12 compressed, thereby driving the annular supporting plate 11 to descend;

[0040] After the seedling tray 2 is watered, the sweet potato seedlings are in a wet state, and if the sweet potato seedlings are in a closed and unventilated space for a long time in the wet state, the sweet potato seedlings are prone to fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot, thereby preventing the seedling from completing the seedling raising. Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the water collecting pool 5 is welded with a plurality of third springs 16, the bottoms of the third springs 16 are all welded with the inner bottom wall of the seedling box 1, the side wall of the seedling box 1 is provided with a ventilation opening 9, the bottom wall of the ventilation opening 9 is located at the same horizontal plane as the top of the drainage tray 3, the top of the water collecting pool 5 is welded with a connecting rod 17 near one side of the ventilation opening 9, the top of the connecting rod 17 is provided with an opening and closing assembly for controlling the opening and closing state of the ventilation opening 9, the opening and closing assembly comprises a baffle 13, the bottom of the baffle 13 is welded with the top of the connecting rod 17, the baffle 13 is provided with a T-shaped sliding block near one side of the ventilation opening 9, the inner side wall of the seedling box 1 is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the T-shaped sliding block near one side of the baffle 13, the baffle 13 is provided with a fixed plate 14 above, the fixed plate 14 is welded with the inner side wall of the seedling box 1 near one side of the baffle 13, and the bottom of the fixed plate 14 is welded with a plurality of second springs 15, and the other ends of the second springs 15 are all welded with the top of the baffle 13; and in order to prevent the water collecting pool 5 from overflowing due to continuously collecting the excess water in the seedling tray 2, the waste water is accumulated at the bottom of the seedling box 1, the humidity in the seedling box 1 is increased, and the growth environment of the sweet potato seedlings is affected, as shown in Figure 2As shown, the top of the side wall of the water collecting pool 5 is provided with an opening 6, the bottom of the opening 6 is communicated with a sliding groove 8, the sliding groove 8 is slidably connected with a drainage channel 20, the drainage channel 20 has the same caliber as the opening 6, the other end of the drainage channel 20 is communicated with a water storage tank 20, the water storage tank 19 is welded to the outer side wall of the seedling raising box 1, the active carbon filter screen 18 is fixedly connected to the side of the drainage channel 20 close to the water storage tank 19, the water entering the water storage tank is purified and filtered through the active carbon filter screen 18, so that the excess water can be recycled.

[0041] The specific implementation process is as follows: because the temperature in winter is usually lower than 10°, it is easy to cause sweet potato seedlings to be cold and frozen, and the seedling raising temperature of the sweet potato seedlings needs to reach 15°-18° to better promote seedling raising, and the long-term closed and humid environment of the sweet potato seedlings may cause the sweet potato seedlings to have fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot, thereby preventing the sweet potato seedlings from completing seedling raising; the sweet potato seed is placed in the seedling raising disc 2 and the sweet potato seed is buried with soil, the seedling raising disc 2 is placed on the annular support plate 11, and the annular heating plate 4 is turned on through the controller, at this time, there is a gap between the bottom of the seedling raising disc 2 and the annular heating plate 4, which prevents the seedling raising disc 2 from being too close to the annular heating plate 4 in a dry state, causing the sweet potato seedlings to be burned and damaged and affecting seedling raising, after watering the seedling raising disc 2, the weight of the seedling raising disc 2 increases, at this time, the pressure of the seedling raising disc 2 on the annular support plate 11 is higher than the supporting force of the first spring 12 on the annular support plate 11, so that the first spring 12 is compressed under pressure, thereby driving the seedling raising disc 2 to be close to the annular heating plate 4, improving the heating effect of the annular heating plate 4 on the seedling raising disc 2; at the same time, the excess water flowing out after being absorbed by the soil in the seedling raising disc 2 enters the water collecting pool 5 through the drainage disc 3 and the drainage opening 10, so that the weight of the water collecting pool 5 gradually increases, the pressure of the third spring 16 increases, the third spring 16 is compressed, and the water collecting pool 5 and the opening 6 are lowered, and the connecting rod 17 and the baffle 13 also follow the lowering, so that the ventilation opening 9 is in an open state; thus, after watering the seedling raising disc 2, the seedling raising disc 2 and the annular heating plate 4 can be simultaneously triggered to be close to each other and the ventilation opening 9 is opened, thereby realizing automatic opening of heating and ventilation when the humidity in the seedling raising disc 2 increases, and preventing the sweet potato seedlings from being closed and soaked in water for a long time to cause fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot through the cooperation of the annular heating plate 4 and the ventilation opening 9.

[0042] When the winter temperature is lower than 10°, the sweet potato seed tuber is placed in the seedling tray 2 and buried in the soil, and the seedling tray 2 is initially placed on the annular support plate 11, and the distance between the annular heating plate 4 and the seedling tray 2 in dry and humid environments is controlled through the annular support plate 11. When the seedling tray 2 is in a dry state, the annular support plate 11 will not be lowered, so that the seedling tray 2 and the annular heating plate 4 maintain a gap, avoiding the continuous close heating of the annular heating plate 4 in the dry state, which causes the soil temperature to be too high, preventing the seed tuber from being burned by local high temperature and losing the ability to germinate. The humidity and weight of the seedling tray 2 after watering are increased, and at this time the annular support plate 11 is lowered to drive the seedling tray 2 to be close to the annular heating plate 4, and the annular heating plate 4 can directly provide heat for the humid soil, maintaining an appropriate seedling temperature of 15-18℃, avoiding low temperature causing sweet potato seedlings to be cold or frozen, and at the same time cooperating with the automatic opening of the ventilation port 9, realizing ventilation while heating and warming, preventing high humidity from causing fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot, and ensuring the success rate of seedling. The whole process realizes the automatic adjustment of temperature, humidity and ventilation through mechanical linkage, without manual intervention.

[0043] The seedling device for winter seedling of sweet potato according to Embodiment 1 is compared with the traditional greenhouse planting of sweet potato seedling, and the specific experiment is as follows:

[0044] Purpose of the experiment: compare the soil temperature stability under two modes; analyze the humidity control ability and ventilation efficiency; count the incidence of fungal diseases and bacterial soft rot of sweet potato seedlings; evaluate the success rate of seedling and the difference in resource consumption.

[0045] Experimental steps:

[0046] 1. Group setting

[0047] Experimental group: use the seedling device of Embodiment 1 (equipped with automatic heating, ventilation and water collection system);

[0048] Control group: use traditional plastic film greenhouse (rely on manual ventilation and coal heating);

[0049] Each group sets 3 repeated units, and each unit plants 50 sweet potato seed tubers (the variety is uniform "Shangshu No. 19").

[0050] 2. Environmental control

[0051] Experimental period: December 1 to February 28 of the next year (90 days);

[0052] External environment: simulate winter low temperature conditions (5-10℃ during the day and -3-2℃ at night);

[0053] Experimental group: set the annular heating plate to a constant temperature of 16℃, and the ventilation port is automatically controlled by the device;

[0054] Control group: manual ventilation twice a day (9:00, 15:00 for 30 minutes each), coal heating to maintain the shed temperature at 15-18℃.

[0055] 3. Data collection

[0056] Temperature monitoring: record the surface soil and underground 5cm temperature every 2 hours (the experimental group synchronously records the gap change of the heating plate);

[0057] Humidity monitoring: measure the soil moisture content and air relative humidity every day;

[0058] Disease observation: check if the seedlings have soft rot (bacterial) or white thread disease (fungal) every week, and record the number of diseased plants;

[0059] Growth indicators: measure seedling height and leaf number every 10 days, and calculate the survival rate at the end of the experiment.

[0060] 4. Management operation

[0061] Watering scheme: water once every 3 days (500ml per unit each time);

[0062] The control group is manually drained (once a day), and the experimental group automatically recovers water through the water collection tank-water storage tank system.

[0063] Experimental data:

[0064] 1. Temperature stability

[0065] The soil temperature of the experimental group is maintained at 15.8±0.7℃ (fluctuation range <2℃);

[0066] The soil temperature of the control group fluctuates significantly (9.5-19.2℃), and the average temperature during the low temperature period (night) is only 8.3℃.

[0067] 2. Humidity and ventilation

[0068] The automatic opening rate of the ventilation port after watering in the experimental group is 100%, and the air humidity decreases to below 65% in less than 2 hours;

[0069] The peak humidity of the control group after watering reaches 92%, and it takes 4 hours to decrease to 73% after manual ventilation.

[0070] 3. Disease incidence

[0071] Disease type Experimental group (seedling raising device) Control group (traditional greenhouse) Bacterial soft rot 2.5％ 18.3％ Fungal white rot 1.6％ 14.5％

[0072] Experimental conclusion:

[0073] Temperature control advantages: The device of this invention automatically adjusts the heating distance through gravity sensing, so that the soil temperature is stabilized in a suitable range (15-18℃), reducing temperature fluctuations by up to 73% compared with traditional greenhouses, and effectively avoiding low-temperature freezing damage and local high-temperature scorching.

[0074] Breakthrough in humidity control: The device is linked to the drainage and ventilation system. The response time for opening the ventilation vents after watering is ≤5 minutes, the humidity recovery efficiency is increased by 50%, the duration of high humidity is shortened to within 2 hours, and the incidence of bacterial soft rot is reduced to 13.7% of the traditional method.

[0075] Significant disease control: The automatic ventilation mechanism blocks the closed and humid environment, and the incidence of fungal diseases is controlled to below 1.6%, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of traditional greenhouses (14.5%).

[0076] Example 2:

[0077] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that sweet potato seedlings also need light during the seedling process, but sufficient light cannot be guaranteed every day in winter. When the light is insufficient, the temperature will also be low. If the sweet potato seedlings are exposed to natural light for a long time, they may suffer from cold damage and frostbite due to the low temperature and insufficient light. A folding heat preservation curtain 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the seedling box 1. A push plate 22 is fixedly connected to the side of the folding heat preservation curtain 21 away from the connection with the seedling box 1. A light sensor is fixedly connected to the top of the push plate 22. The preferred model of the light sensor is BH1750FVI digital light sensor. An electric control cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the side of the push plate 22 away from the folding heat preservation curtain 21. The preferred model of the electric control cylinder 23 is LINAKLA36 linear electric push rod. The electric control cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the seedling box 1. Both the electric control cylinder 23 and the light sensor are connected to the controller signal.

[0078] The specific implementation process is as follows: Since natural sunlight is often insufficient in winter, but sweet potato seedlings can grow better by receiving natural sunlight, in order to prevent sweet potato seedlings from being exposed to natural sunlight for a long time and causing cold damage and frostbite due to insufficient light and low temperature, natural sunlight is monitored in real time by a light sensor. When natural sunlight is sufficient, the controller controls the electric control cylinder 23 to push the push plate 22, so that the folding heat preservation curtain 21 is folded and stored, allowing the sweet potato seedlings to receive natural sunlight; when the light sensor detects insufficient natural sunlight, the controller controls the electric control cylinder 23 to pull the folding heat preservation curtain 21 to open, closing the seedling box 1 to prevent the sweet potato seedlings from freezing and being damaged by the temperature drop caused by insufficient natural sunlight.

[0079] In the winter seedling raising process, sweet potato seedlings need sufficient light and suitable temperature, but insufficient natural light will lead to temperature reduction, which may cause cold damage or frostbite. Through real-time monitoring of natural light intensity by a light sensor, when the light is sufficient, the controller starts the electric control cylinder 23 to push the push plate 22, so that the folding heat preservation curtain 21 is folded and stored, allowing the sweet potato seedlings to fully receive natural light to promote growth; when the light is insufficient, the controller controls the electric control cylinder 23 to pull the push plate 22 to unfold the folding heat preservation curtain 21, and closes the seedling raising box 1 to maintain the internal temperature, avoiding damage to the sweet potato seedlings due to low temperature. This linkage mechanism ensures that the sweet potato seedlings can automatically adjust when the light and temperature conditions change, both taking advantage of natural light and preventing the harm caused by low temperature, thereby optimizing the seedling raising environment and improving the seedling raising success rate.

[0080] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating, but not limit the embodiments. For those skilled in the art, based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can also be made. Here, all the embodiments need not and cannot be exhausted. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising, comprising a seedling raising box (1), a seedling raising tray (2) is arranged in the seedling raising box (1), characterized in that: The bottom of the seedling raising tray (2) is provided with a drainage assembly for guiding excess water in the soil. The bottom of the seedling raising tray (2) is provided with a drainage tray (3). The inner bottom wall of the drainage tray (3) is fixedly connected with an annular heating plate (4). The annular heating plate (4) is signal connected with a controller. One side of the side wall of the drainage tray (3) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling raising box (1). The drainage tray (3) is provided with a supporting assembly for supporting the seedling raising tray (2). The inner side wall of the seedling raising tray (2) is fixedly connected with a water collecting pool (5) below the drainage tray (3). The bottom of the water collecting pool (5) is fixedly connected with a plurality of third springs (16). The bottoms of the third springs (16) are fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the seedling raising box (1). The side wall of the seedling raising box (1) is provided with a ventilation opening (9). The ventilation opening (9) is located at the same horizontal plane as the top of the drainage tray (3). The top of the water collecting pool (5) is fixedly connected with a connecting rod (17) near one side of the ventilation opening (9). The top of the connecting rod (17) is provided with an opening and closing assembly for controlling the opening and closing state of the ventilation opening (9). The seedling raising tray (2) is placed on the drainage tray (3). The weight of the seedling raising tray (2) and the supporting force of the supporting assembly are in balance. After watering the seedling raising tray (2), the weight of the seedling raising tray (2) increases. The gravity of the seedling raising tray (2) is higher than the supporting force of the supporting assembly. The supporting assembly and the seedling raising tray (2) are both lowered. The bottom of the seedling raising tray (2) is in contact with the heating plate. The temperature of the heating plate prevents the humidity in the seedling raising tray (2) from being too high. At the same time, the excess water in the seedling raising tray (2) enters the water collecting pool (5) through the drainage assembly. The weight of the water collecting pool (5) increases and drives the connecting rod (17) to descend. In turn, the connecting rod (17) pulls the opening and closing assembly to make the ventilation opening (9) open to ventilate the seedling raising tray (2).

2. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage assembly includes a drainage opening (10) and a plurality of drainage holes. The drainage opening (10) is opened at the center of the bottom of the drainage tray (3). The edge of the bottom wall of the drainage tray (3) is higher than the center of the bottom wall of the drainage pipe. The drainage holes are all opened in the bottom wall of the seedling raising tray (2).

3. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting assembly includes an annular support plate (11). The outer side wall of the annular support plate (11) is in sliding fit with the inner side wall of the drainage tray (3). The bottom of the annular support plate (11) is provided with a plurality of first springs (12). The other ends of the first springs (12) are fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the drainage tray (3).

4. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening and closing assembly includes a baffle (13). The baffle (13) is provided with a T-shaped sliding block near one side of the ventilation opening (9). The inner side wall of the seedling raising box (1) is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the T-shaped sliding block near the baffle (13). The baffle (13) is provided with a fixed plate (14) above. The fixed plate (14) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the seedling raising box (1) near the baffle (13). The bottom of the fixed plate (14) is fixedly connected with a plurality of second springs (15). The other ends of the second springs (15) are fixedly connected with the top of the baffle (13).

5. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the water collecting pool (5) is provided with a through opening (6) at the top.

6. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the through hole (6) is communicated with a sliding groove (8) which is opened on the outer wall of the water collecting pool (5). The sliding groove (8) is slidably connected with a drainage channel (20). The other end of the drainage channel (20) is communicated with a water storage tank (19). The water storage tank (19) is fixedly connected with the outer side wall of the seedling raising box (1).

7. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the seedling raising box (1) is fixedly connected with a folding heat preservation curtain (21). The side, away from the connection with the seedling raising box (1), of the folding heat preservation curtain (21) is fixedly connected with a push plate (22). The top of the push plate (22) is fixedly connected with a light sensor. The side, away from the folding heat preservation curtain (21), of the push plate (22) is fixedly connected with an electric control cylinder (23). The electric control cylinder (23) is fixedly connected with the seedling raising box (1). The electric control cylinder (23) and the light sensor are both signal connected with a controller.

8. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic coefficients of the first springs (12) are all 1500N / m. The first springs (12) are all made of 304 stainless steel.

9. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the water collecting pool (5) is provided with an anti-blocking filter screen.

10. The seedling raising device for sweet potato winter seedling raising according to claim 6, characterized in that: The side, close to the water storage tank (19), of the drainage channel (20) is fixedly connected with an activated carbon filter screen (18).

Images