Two-stage artificial breeding method for harpactor fuscipes

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-stage artificial breeding method for Harpactor fuscipes, and belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural pests, and the method comprises the following steps: breeding bean aphids by planting broad beans, and breeding newly hatched Harpactor fuscipes by using the bean aphids; then mulberry leaves are used for breeding silkworms, 1-3-year-old silkworm larvae are used for breeding 2-5-year-old sacharius fuscipes nymphs, the sacharius fuscipes nymphs and adult sacharius fuscipes are used for hunting lepidoptera pests in an orchard, and harm of the lepidoptera pests to fruit trees is reduced. The method utilizes low-value materials, is low in cost and simple to operate, can effectively reduce the population density of lepidoptera pests in the orchard and reduce fruit loss of the orchard, and has a wide application prospect in the field of orchard pest control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biological control technology for agricultural pests, specifically relating to a method for artificially feeding the natural enemy insect, the ring-spotted assassin bug, using a two-stage feed conversion method. Sphedanolestes impressicollis The method of (Stal) and its application in orchards for the control of lepidopteran pests. Background Technology

[0002] The ringed killer bug is a highly efficient predatory natural enemy insect, feeding on lepidopteran insects such as the poplar leafminer, yellow-spotted tussock moth, gypsy moth, poplar leaf beetle, pine caterpillar, yellow-brown tent caterpillar, fall armyworm, beet armyworm, cabbage caterpillar, corn borer, cotton bollworm, and cotton worm, as well as coleopteran insects such as the red turpentine beetle, walnut leaf beetle, and ladybug, and hemiptera insects such as the black locust aphid, tobacco aphid, and cotton aphid. These insects are also common pests in mountain orchards. Directly capturing and releasing ringed killer bugs in the wild is costly and can easily disrupt the ecological balance. Traditional artificial rearing methods often result in low survival rates and unstable development cycles due to a monotonous diet, making them difficult to apply on a large scale. There are currently no reports of routine, large-scale artificial rearing.

[0003] In the wild, the ringed killer bug can prey on a variety of insects to survive and complete its life cycle. Artificial rearing of the ringed killer bug requires live food, and currently there is a lack of feed adaptation technology for ringed killer bugs at different developmental stages. Low-cost, easily bred alternative feed resources, especially live food sources, have not been fully utilized.

[0004] In the wild, newly hatched nymphs of the ringed killer bug typically feed on small insects such as aphids. They only begin preying on larger insects after the second instar. Artificial rearing also requires following the wild habits of the ringed killer bug, employing a segmented rearing method for newly hatched nymphs, nymphs in their second to fifth instars, and adults, providing different live insect feeds. To date, there are no reports of segmented artificial rearing of the ringed killer bug.

[0005] Bean aphids ( Acyrthosiphon pisum (This is a common aphid species, widely distributed, with a high reproductive capacity. It is easily raised at low cost using common legumes such as broad beans, peas, and mung beans, and can be used as initial live feed for newly hatched nymphs of the ringed assassin bug. Silkworms (...) Bombyx mori L. Silkworms are relatively easy to raise artificially and are the most widely raised insects. They are inexpensive, easy to breed, and an invaluable source of live artificial feed for natural enemies. They can be used as live artificial feed for 3rd-5th instar nymphs and adults of the ringed killer bug. However, to date, there have been no reports of using silkworms as live artificial feed for the ringed killer bug. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Given that existing methods for raising ring-spotted killer bugs lack feed adaptation technology for different developmental stages and have high breeding costs, the purpose of this invention is to provide a two-stage artificial breeding method for ring-spotted killer bugs, which can be used for low-cost control of lepidopteran pests in orchards.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: By cultivating broad beans to breed bean aphids, and using bean aphids to feed newly hatched ring-spotted assassin bug nymphs; then using mulberry leaves to feed silkworms, and using 1st-3rd instar silkworm larvae to feed 2nd-5th instar ring-spotted assassin bug nymphs, and using the ring-spotted assassin bug nymphs and adults to hunt lepidopteran pests in the orchard, the damage of lepidopteran pests to fruit trees is reduced.

[0008] Furthermore, when feeding newly hatched ring-spotted killer bug nymphs with bean aphids, the stocking density of ring-spotted killer bugs should be 1-2 per broad bean plant, while the bean aphid density should be controlled at 200-300 per plant.

[0009] Furthermore, when feeding 2nd-5th instar assassin bug nymphs with silkworm larvae, the daily feeding amount should be 1-2 times the body weight of the assassin bug.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) By combining the feed of soybean aphids (high reproductive capacity) and silkworm larvae (high nutrition), a two-stage feeding method is adopted to achieve a survival rate of ≥85% for newly hatched nymphs and shorten the development cycle from nymph to adult by 15%-20%.

[0011] (2) Using silkworm larvae as a substitute feed reduces costs by 40% compared to conventional feeding methods and avoids excessive collection of natural enemy resources in the wild.

[0012] (3) The release of the ring-spotted killer bug into the orchard can effectively control lepidopteran pests (such as beet armyworm and leaf miner), reduce the area of ​​fruit tree leaves damaged, and reduce the amount of chemical pesticides used by 50%-70%, which has a positive promoting effect on the development of the fruit industry. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a two-stage feeding process flowchart; Figure 2 A diagram illustrating the reproduction of bean aphids and the feeding of newly hatched nymphs; Figure 3 A diagram illustrating the rearing of silkworms and the feeding of 2nd-5th instar nymphs. Detailed Implementation

[0014] This invention provides a two-stage artificial feeding method, such as... Figure 1 As shown, using soybean aphids and silkworm larvae as interim feed significantly improves the survival rate and predation efficiency of the ringed assassin bug. The specific steps include: Phase 1: Rearing of newly hatched nymphs ( Figure 2 ) (1) Broad bean cultivation and bean aphid reproduction Broad beans were planted in a controlled environment, and when the plants had grown to 3-5 true leaves, they were inoculated with bean aphids. The bean aphid population was rapidly propagated by controlling the temperature and humidity (temperature 25±2℃, humidity 70%±5%).

[0015] (2) Feeding newly hatched nymphs Newly hatched ring-spotted killer bug nymphs were transferred to plants parasitized by bean aphids. One to two nymphs were released per broad bean plant, and the aphid density was maintained at 200-300 per plant.

[0016] Second stage: Rearing of 2nd-5th instar nymphs and adults ( Figure 3 ) (1) Silkworm larvae rearing Silkworms are fed with fresh mulberry leaves, and healthy larvae in their first to third instar are selected as feed.

[0017] (2) Feed conversion and large-scale farming Transfer the second-instar nymphs of the ringed killer bug to a rearing box, maintain the temperature at 25±2℃ and the humidity at 70%±5%, and feed them with first- to third-instar silkworm larvae daily, with the amount of feed being 1-2 times the body weight of the ringed killer bug.

[0018] During the adult stage, silkworm larvae can continue to be fed or released into the orchard.

[0019] Example 1 Broad beans were grown in a greenhouse and inoculated with a bean aphid population. The bean aphid density was maintained at ≥200 aphids / plant by optimizing environmental parameters or transferring the aphids across plants.

[0020] Newly hatched ring-spotted killer bug nymphs (1st instar) were released onto soybean aphid plants and reared for 10 days before being transferred to an artificial climate chamber.

[0021] Feed the 1st to 3rd instar silkworm larvae, change the feed daily, and maintain the temperature of the rearing box at 26℃ and the humidity at 75%.

[0022] The nymphs were observed to develop into adults, and the survival rate was 88%. The average predation rate was 1-2 silkworm larvae per day.

[0023] Example 2 Fifth-instar ring-spotted killer bug nymphs were released into the orchard (this example uses a pomelo orchard as an example) at a density of 10 per tree, and the changes in the number of lepidopteran pests were monitored.

[0024] After 30 days, the pest population density decreased by 65%, and the affected area of ​​pomelo leaves decreased by 58%.

[0025] This invention achieves low-cost, high-efficiency biological control of orchard pests through a two-stage feed conversion and natural enemy release.

[0026] The above description is merely an embodiment of this specification and is not intended to limit this specification. Various modifications and variations can be made to this specification by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this specification should be included within the scope of the claims of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for two-stage artificial rearing of the ringed hunting bug, characterized in that, First, use soybean aphids to feed newly hatched ring-spotted killer bug nymphs, then use silkworm larvae to feed 2nd-5th instar ring-spotted killer bug nymphs to adults.

2. The method for two-stage artificial rearing of the ringed assassin bug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bean aphids reproduce by planting broad beans, and the silkworms are fed with mulberry leaves.

3. The method for two-stage artificial rearing of the ringed hunting bug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of feeding newly hatched ring-spotted killer bug nymphs with soybean aphids involves releasing 1-2 ring-spotted killer bugs per broad bean plant and 200-300 soybean aphids per plant.

4. The method for two-stage artificial rearing of the ringed hunting bug according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method involves feeding 2-5 instar assassin bug nymphs to adults using silkworm larvae, with 1-3 instar silkworm larvae fed daily at a rate of 1-2 times the body weight of the assassin bug.

5. The nymphs and adults of *Aspergillus annularis* obtained by the two-stage artificial rearing method of *Aspergillus annularis* as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. The application of the nymphs and adults of the ring-spotted assassin bug as described in claim 5 in the control of lepidopteran pests, characterized in that... They use the nymphs and adults of the ring-spotted predator bug to hunt lepidopteran pests in orchards.

Images