Cotton straw feed without leaves and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides cotton straw feed without leaves and a preparation method of the cotton straw feed, and belongs to the technical field of feed. The leaf-removed cotton straw feed provided by the invention is prepared from a leaf-removed cotton straw mixture and a zymophyte solution, and the leaf-removed cotton straw mixture is composed of mulched and planted corn straws, hay and leaf-removed cotton straws according to a weight ratio of (14-16): (29-31): (54-56). The zymophyte liquid comprises lactobacillus plantarum, candida utilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, candida tropicalis, bacillus subtilis, geotrichum candidum, bacillus licheniformis and pseudomonas putida. According to the method, the leaf-removed cotton straws and the high-humidity and high-acidity mulch-planted corn straws are proportionally mixed and fermented, so that the defects of strain activity inhibition, poor feed palatability and the like existing in single fermentation are overcome, the respective characteristics are fully exerted, and the overall efficiency of straw feed is further remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of feed technology, specifically relating to a cotton stalk feed with leaves removed and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In the current context of rapid development in animal husbandry, the supply and quality of feed resources directly impact the industry's sustainable development. my country generates a large amount of agricultural waste annually, with cotton stalks being a significant component. However, the application of cotton stalks in the feed industry is far from sufficient. Several inherent characteristics of cotton stalks limit their feed application. Firstly, cotton stalks, especially the bolls, leaves, and twigs, contain a toxic component—free gossypol. If livestock consume parts containing free gossypol, they are highly susceptible to gossypol poisoning, leading to serious consequences such as stunted growth, weight loss, abortion in pregnant animals, and stillbirth. Secondly, cotton stalks have a high lignin content, resulting in poor palatability when directly fed, low feed intake, and low digestibility, making them difficult for animals to utilize effectively.

[0003] To address the challenges of using cotton stalks as feed, researchers and producers have made numerous attempts. Regarding the removal of free gossypol, existing technologies have employed chemical methods, such as adding sulfates (e.g., ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate) to cotton bolls, leaves, and twigs. The principle is to utilize the metal ions in the sulfates to form complexes with the free gossypol, thereby removing it. However, this method has significant drawbacks. The addition of sulfates not only reduces the original nutritional value of the cotton bolls, leaves, and twigs, but the resulting complexes remain, leading to poor palatability and reduced animal appetite. To improve the digestibility of cotton stalks, researchers have attempted to adopt methods similar to those used for crop straw, such as crushing, alkalization, ammoniation, micro-storage, pelleting, and steam explosion. However, these methods often only solve part of the problem and cannot simultaneously achieve a significant increase in cotton stalk digestibility and effective degradation of gossypol, failing to meet the demand for large-scale processing of cotton stalks as high-quality feed.

[0004] Existing technologies for utilizing cotton stalks as feed still face challenges in fully leveraging their unique characteristics and their proper combination with other feed ingredients. For instance, some fermentation methods focus solely on the fermentation and transformation of cotton stalks themselves, neglecting to scientifically proportion them with other nutrient-rich ingredients. This results in an unbalanced nutritional composition in the final feed, failing to meet the comprehensive needs of livestock growth. Furthermore, while there are studies on applying corn stalks to feed, corn stalks grown under plastic film often have high moisture content due to the film's moisture retention effect. This, combined with the accumulation of excessive organic acids during fermentation, creates an overly acidic environment. This not only produces a pungent odor and poor palatability, leading to livestock refusal to eat, but also disrupts the microbial balance in the livestock's gastrointestinal tract due to acidity imbalance, causing digestive disorders and other health problems. These factors significantly hinder its application in feed production.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need for a new technological solution in the fields of cotton stalk feed utilization and corn stalk feed utilization under plastic film mulching. This solution should effectively address the toxicity of free gossypol and the poor palatability caused by mulching, significantly improve the digestibility and palatability of cotton stalks and corn stalks under plastic film mulching, and achieve a reasonable combination with other feed ingredients to prepare nutritionally balanced, safe, reliable, and large-scale cotton stalk feed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a cotton stalk feed with the leaves removed. The cotton stalks with the leaves removed are scientifically mixed and fermented with corn stalks grown under mulch with high humidity and high acidity. This not only avoids the drawbacks of single fermentation, such as inhibition of microbial activity and poor palatability of feed, but also gives full play to the characteristics of each, thereby significantly improving the overall efficiency of straw feed.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a defoliated cotton stalk feed, made from a mixture of defoliated cotton stalks and a fermentation broth. The defoliated cotton stalk mixture consists of mulched corn stalks, hay, and defoliated cotton stalks, with a weight ratio of (14-16):(29-31):(54-56). The fermentation broth contains ≥1.5 × 10⁻⁶ Lactobacillus plantarum. 6 CFU / mL, Candida utilis ≥3.0×10 5 CFU / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ≥1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Candida tropicalis ≥1.2×10 5 CFU / mL, Bacillus subtilis ≥2.0×10 6CFU / mL, Geotrichum candidiasis ≥1.0×10 4 CFU / mL, Bacillus licheniformis ≥5.0×10 4 CFU / mL and ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶ Pseudomonas putidae 5 CFU / mL.

[0009] Preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio of the cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed to the fermentation liquid is 100g:0.1-0.2mL.

[0010] Preferably, the hay includes alfalfa hay or a mixture of alfalfa hay.

[0011] Preferably, the alfalfa hay mixture consists of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheep grass, wherein the weight ratio of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheep grass is 50:30:20.

[0012] Preferably, the mulch should be removed before using corn stalks grown under plastic film.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned cotton stalk feed with the leaves removed, comprising the following steps: mixing corn stalks grown under plastic film, hay and cotton stalks with the leaves removed to obtain a cotton stalk mixture with the leaves removed; mixing the cotton stalk mixture with the leaves removed and fermentation liquid, adjusting the moisture content to 60% to 70%, and then fermenting after wrapping.

[0014] Preferably, the corn stalks and cotton stalks used for mulching are first crushed and then mixed.

[0015] Preferably, the pulverization is performed to a thickness of 0.5cm to 1cm.

[0016] Preferably, the fermentation is carried out outdoors naturally, and the fermentation time is more than 45 days.

[0017] Preferably, the package is wrapped with a membrane, and the weight of a single membrane-wrapped package is 190kg to 210kg.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] The cotton stalk feed with leaves removed provided by this invention involves scientifically mixing and fermenting the cotton stalks with leaves removed and corn stalks grown under mulch with high moisture and acidity. This avoids the drawbacks of single fermentation, such as inhibition of microbial activity and poor palatability, while fully utilizing the characteristics of each ingredient, thus significantly improving the overall efficiency of straw feed. The cotton stalk feed with leaves removed provided by this invention is nutritionally balanced and can meet the diverse nutritional needs of livestock. Compared with traditional straw feed, it is more scientific and practical. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1A mixture of cotton stalks with leaves removed. Detailed Implementation

[0021] This invention provides a defoliated cotton stalk feed, made from a mixture of defoliated cotton stalks and a fermentation broth. The defoliated cotton stalk mixture consists of mulched corn stalks, hay, and defoliated cotton stalks, with a weight ratio of (14-16):(29-31):(54-56). The fermentation broth contains ≥1.5 × 10⁻⁶ Lactobacillus plantarum. 6 CFU / mL, Candida utilis ≥3.0×10 5 CFU / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ≥1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Candida tropicalis ≥1.2×10 5 CFU / mL, Bacillus subtilis ≥2.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Geotrichum candidiasis ≥1.0×10 4 CFU / mL, Bacillus licheniformis ≥5.0×10 4 CFU / mL and ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶ Pseudomonas putidae 5 CFU / mL.

[0022] This invention does not specifically limit the source of cotton stalks (with leaves removed), corn stalks grown under plastic film, and hay. In this invention, when using corn stalks grown under plastic film, it is preferable to first remove the film. This film removal refers to the need for specialized film removal treatment of corn stalks grown under plastic film after harvesting, i.e., removing residual plastic film or plastic fragments to prevent livestock from accidentally ingesting plastic, which could affect their digestive health or cause safety hazards. Cotton leaves have a high residue of soil and dust, which may have adverse effects on livestock if ingested. Removing cotton leaves and corn stalks before use specifically addresses the issue of raw materials that may affect livestock digestion or pose safety hazards. Compared to the traditional method of directly crushing and using straw, this significantly improves digestibility and utilization, laying the foundation for subsequent nutrient absorption.

[0023] This invention provides a cotton stalk feed with leaves removed, using a precise ratio of cotton stalks with leaves removed, corn stalks grown under mulch, and hay, breaking the nutritional limitations of single-stalk feeds. The different raw materials complement each other nutritionally: cotton stalks provide fiber, corn provides carbohydrates, and hay balances protein and trace elements, creating a nutritionally balanced feed base that meets the diverse nutritional needs of livestock. Compared to traditional arbitrarily mixed straw feeds, this method is more scientific and practical. In the process of straw feed production, the inherent characteristics of single raw materials often limit their efficient utilization. Cotton stalks are dry and have dense fibers. If microbial fermentation is performed alone, a large amount of water needs to be added to meet the fermentation environment requirements. However, excessive water can dilute the concentration of nutrients in the fermentation system and may inhibit the activity of some microorganisms, leading to decreased fermentation efficiency and difficulty in ensuring feed quality. This invention, through the synergistic effect of mulching and compound microbial agents, reduces the moisture content of corn stalks from 73% to 62%, stabilizes the pH at the fermentation endpoint at 4.1, and reduces lactic acid content. This invention is the first to scientifically mix and ferment dried cotton stalks with high-moisture, high-acidity, film-covered corn stalks, achieving complementary advantages and offsetting disadvantages between the raw materials. The cotton stalks effectively absorb excess moisture from the corn stalks, regulating the moisture content of the mixture to a suitable fermentation range and creating an ideal environment for microorganisms. Meanwhile, the abundant moisture and sugars in the corn stalks provide the necessary liquid environment and carbon source for the cotton stalk fermentation, activating microbial activity. This synergistic fermentation avoids the drawbacks of single fermentation, such as inhibited microbial activity and poor feed palatability, while fully utilizing the characteristics of each material to improve the overall efficiency of straw-based feed production.

[0024] In this invention, the preferred weight ratio of the corn stalks, hay, and defoliated cotton stalks used for mulching is 15:30:55, and the preferred mass-to-volume ratio of the defoliated cotton stalk mixture to the fermentation broth is 100g:0.1-0.2mL. In this invention, the preferred solvent for the fermentation broth is physiological saline or phosphate buffer. The preferred sodium chloride concentration in the physiological saline is 0.85%-9%, and the preferred pH of the phosphate buffer (PBS) is 7.0 to ensure bacterial stability. In the fermentation broth of this invention, a protectant is preferably added to improve the survival rate of the bacteria. The preferred protectant is trehalose, and the preferred weight of trehalose added is 0.1% (i.e., 0.1g trehalose per 100mL of fermentation broth) based on the volume of the fermentation broth. This invention does not specifically limit the source of each bacterial agent in the fermentation broth. In this invention, the hay preferably includes alfalfa hay or a mixture of alfalfa hay, and the alfalfa hay mixture preferably consists of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheep grass, with the weight ratio of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheep grass preferably being 50:30:20. This invention does not specifically limit the source of the alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheep grass.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned cotton stalk feed with the leaves removed, comprising the following steps: mixing corn stalks grown under plastic film, hay and cotton stalks with the leaves removed to obtain a cotton stalk mixture with the leaves removed; mixing the cotton stalk mixture with the leaves removed and fermentation liquid, adjusting the moisture content to 60% to 70%, and then fermenting after wrapping.

[0026] In this invention, the corn stalks and cotton stalks used for mulching are preferably crushed before mixing. The crushing is preferably to a thickness of 0.5 cm to 1 cm, more preferably to 0.6 cm to 0.9 cm. Crushing breaks down their original structure, improving their digestibility and utilization by livestock. This invention does not have a specific limitation on the crushing method; a crusher can be used. In this invention, when mixing the cotton stalk mixture and the fermentation liquid, the fermentation liquid is preferably sprayed into the cotton stalk mixture to ensure full contact. In this invention, before fermentation, the moisture content is preferably adjusted to 60% to 70%, creating an ideal environment for microbial fermentation; more preferably, the moisture content is adjusted to 62% to 68%.

[0027] In this invention, a dedicated wrapping machine is preferably used for packaging, with the weight of a single package preferably controlled between 190 kg and 210 kg, and more preferably between 195 kg and 205 kg. This packaging method provided by this invention helps maintain the stability of the fermentation environment, prevents contamination by external microorganisms, and facilitates transportation and storage. In this invention, the wrapping is preferably done using a film, with each package preferably wrapped with 16 layers of film, including 3 inner layers and 13 outer layers. In this invention, the fermentation is preferably carried out outdoors naturally, making full use of the microbial resources and temperature and humidity conditions in the natural environment, thus reducing fermentation costs. The fermentation time is preferably more than 45 days, allowing the macromolecules in the raw materials to fully decompose and transform, ultimately forming high-quality feed that is nutritious and palatable, meeting the diverse feeding needs of livestock. Furthermore, the controlled fermentation time of this invention helps ensure feed quality and fermentation effectiveness.

[0028] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments are all conventional methods.

[0030] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the following examples are commercially available.

[0031] The strains used in the following examples are: *Lactobacillus plantarum* CGMCC 1.557, *Candida utilis* CICC 1807, *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* ATCC 204508, *Candida tropicalis* ATCC 750, *Bacillus subtilis* CGMCC 1.1086, *Geotrichum candida* CICC1315, *Bacillus licheniformis* ATCC 14580, and *Pseudomonas putida* ATCC 12633.

[0032] The corn residue in the following examples was purchased from COFCO Biotechnology Co., Ltd., with crude protein ≥15%, total sugar ≥45%, moisture ≤12% and ash ≤6%.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A type of cotton stalk feed with defoliated leaves is prepared from a mixture of defoliated cotton stalks and a fermentation liquid, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the defoliated cotton stalk mixture to the fermentation liquid is 100g:0.1mL. The defoliated cotton stalk mixture consists of corn stalks grown under mulch and treated to remove the mulch, alfalfa hay, and defoliated cotton stalks, with a weight ratio of 14:29:54. The fermentation liquid contains 2×10⁶ Lactobacillus plantarum. 6 CFU / mL, Candida utilis concentration was 4.0 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Candida tropicalis 2×10 5 CFU / mL, Bacillus subtilis concentration was 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / mL, Geotrichum candida albicans concentration was 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. 4 CFU / mL, Bacillus licheniformis 6.0×10 4 CFU / mL and *Pseudomonas putida* were 4.0 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL; the solvent in the fermentation broth is sterile physiological saline (sodium chloride concentration of 0.85%), and the fermentation broth contains 0.1% trehalose (the % here refers to the weight-volume ratio, that is, 0.1g trehalose per 100mL of fermentation broth).

[0035] The preparation method steps are as follows:

[0036] After harvesting cotton stalks and mulched corn stalks, the leaves are removed from the cotton stalks, resulting in leafless cotton stalks. Residual mulch is removed from the mulched corn stalks, resulting in mulched corn stalks. First, both the leafless cotton stalks and the mulched corn stalks are pulverized to a size of 0.5 cm using a pulverizer. Then, they are mixed with alfalfa hay to obtain a leafless cotton stalk mixture. Fermentation bacteria are sprayed into the leafless cotton stalk mixture to obtain the fermentation substrate. The moisture content of the fermentation substrate is adjusted to 60%, and the substrate is packaged using a specialized wrapping machine. Each package weighs 190 kg and is wrapped with 16 layers of film, including 3 inner layers and 13 outer layers. After wrapping, the substrate is allowed to ferment naturally outdoors for 50 days.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] A cotton stalk feed with leaves removed is made from a mixture of cotton stalks with leaves removed and a fermentation liquid. The mass-to-volume ratio of the cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed to the fermentation liquid is 100g:0.2mL. The cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed consists of corn stalks grown under mulch and alfalfa hay that have undergone mulch removal treatment, and cotton stalks with leaves removed. The weight ratio of the corn stalks grown under mulch and alfalfa hay to the cotton stalks with leaves removed is 16:31:56. The fermentation liquid contains 3 × 10⁻⁶ Lactobacillus plantarum. 6 CFU / mL, Candida utilis concentration was 4.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2.5×10 6 CFU / mL, Candida tropicalis 3×10 5 CFU / mL, Bacillus subtilis concentration was 3.5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 CFU / mL, Geotrichum candida albicans concentration was 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 CFU / mL, Bacillus licheniformis was 6.5 × 10⁻⁶. 4 CFU / mL and Pseudomonas putida were 4.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL; the solvent in the fermentation broth is sterile physiological saline (sodium chloride concentration of 0.85%), and the fermentation broth contains 0.1% trehalose (the % here refers to the weight-volume ratio, that is, 0.1g trehalose per 100mL of fermentation broth).

[0039] The preparation method steps are as follows:

[0040] After harvesting cotton stalks and mulched corn stalks, the leaves are removed from the cotton stalks, resulting in leafless cotton stalks. Residual mulch is removed from the mulched corn stalks, resulting in mulched corn stalks. First, both the leafless cotton stalks and the mulched corn stalks are shredded to a size of 1 cm using a shredder. Then, they are mixed with alfalfa hay to obtain a leafless cotton stalk mixture. Figure 1 As shown, the fermentation liquid was sprayed onto a mixture of cotton stalks (with leaves removed) to obtain the fermentation substrate. The moisture content of the fermentation substrate was adjusted to 70%, and then packaged using a specialized wrapping machine. The weight of each package was controlled to be 210 kg, and each package was wrapped with 16 layers of film, including 3 inner layers and 13 outer layers. After wrapping, the substrate was allowed to ferment naturally outdoors for 48 days.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] A cotton stalk feed with leaves removed is made from a mixture of cotton stalks with leaves removed and a fermentation liquid. The mass-to-volume ratio of the cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed to the fermentation liquid is 100g:0.2mL. The cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed consists of a mixture of corn stalks grown under mulch and alfalfa hay after mulching removal treatment, and cotton stalks with leaves removed. The weight ratio of the corn stalks grown under mulch and alfalfa hay after mulching removal treatment to the cotton stalks with leaves removed is 15:30:55. The alfalfa hay mixture consists of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheepgrass. The weight ratio of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheepgrass is 50:30:20. The fermentation liquid contains 1.5 × 10⁻⁶ Lactobacillus plantarum. 6 CFU / mL, Candida utilis concentration was 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Candida tropicalis 1.2×10 5 CFU / mL, Bacillus subtilis 2.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Geotrichum candida albicans concentration was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 4 CFU / mL, Bacillus licheniformis 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ 4 CFU / mL and *Pseudomonas putida* were 3.0 × 10⁻⁶. 5 CFU / mL; the solvent in the fermentation broth is sterile physiological saline (sodium chloride concentration of 9%), and the fermentation broth contains 0.1% trehalose (the % here refers to the weight-volume ratio, that is, 0.1g trehalose per 100mL of fermentation broth).

[0043] The preparation method steps are as follows:

[0044] After harvesting cotton stalks and mulched corn stalks, the leaves are removed from the cotton stalks, resulting in leafless cotton stalks. Residual mulch is removed from the mulched corn stalks, resulting in mulched corn stalks. First, both the leafless cotton stalks and the mulched corn stalks are pulverized to a size of 0.8 cm using a pulverizer. Then, they are mixed with alfalfa hay to obtain a leafless cotton stalk mixture. Fermentation bacteria are sprayed into the leafless cotton stalk mixture to obtain the fermentation substrate. The moisture content of the fermentation substrate is adjusted to 65%, and the substrate is packaged using a specialized wrapping machine, with each package weighing 200 kg. Each package is wrapped with 16 layers of film, including 3 inner layers and 13 outer layers. After wrapping, the substrate is allowed to ferment naturally outdoors for 45 days.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] The preparation method of corn silage is as follows:

[0047] Raw material preparation: Use corn stalks grown without plastic film mulch, and shred them directly to 2cm after harvesting. Do not add cotton stalks or other hay, use only corn stalks.

[0048] Fermentation process: The crushed corn stalks are packed into bags and compacted to remove air. Each bag is wrapped with 16 layers of film, including 3 inner layers and 13 outer layers. No exogenous microbial agents are added; fermentation relies on the natural lactic acid bacteria present in the raw materials. The moisture content is adjusted to 65% (by spraying with water or natural drying).

[0049] Fermentation cycle: 46 days of sealed fermentation.

[0050] Experimental Example 1

[0051] The dry matter (DM) in the feeds obtained in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 was determined separately: DM refers to the solid components of the feed after removing moisture, reflecting the actual nutrient concentration; CP refers to all nitrogenous substances in the feed (including true protein and non-protein nitrogen), determined by the Kjeldahl method; EE refers to lipids in the feed that can be dissolved in ether (including true fat, sterols, pigments, etc.); and DE refers to the energy in the feed that can be used for metabolism after digestion and absorption by animals (usually calculated through animal experiments). The results are shown in Table 1. This indicates that the cotton stalk feed obtained in Example 3 of this invention, with leaves removed, is nutritionally superior to corn silage.

[0052] Table 1. Nutritional composition of different feeds (on dry matter basis)

[0053] Feed type DM / (g / kg) CP / % EE / % DE / % Comparative Example 1 35.3 8.3 2 109 Example 3 45.9 8.4 2.1 110

[0054] Target animals: Xinjiang Brown Cattle, aged 2-3 years.

[0055] Feeding program: The experimental group received cotton stalk feed with leaves removed, prepared in Example 3, while the control group received corn silage prepared in Comparative Example 1. Under the same feeding conditions and with the same amount of forage, the different feeds were fed to compare the weight gain of the animals. Both the experimental and control groups consisted of 15 cattle.

[0056] The pre-feeding period was 7 days. During this period, all experimental cattle were fed a basal diet (60% corn silage + 40% concentrate) at a daily rate of 3.0% of their body weight (dry matter basal). Immediately after the pre-feeding period, the cattle were switched to the corresponding group's feed, with daily dry matter feeding. Initial body weight was collected for each cattle, and thereafter weighed every two days. The daily feed addition and intake were also recorded in detail. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0057] Table 2 Weight Gain Results

[0058] stage Initial weight 20 days 40 days 60 days Weight at the end of 80 days Comparative Example 1 251.4±2.6 271.2±2.5 293.7±2.7 311.6±3.1 329.7±3.2 Example 3 251.6±2.7 279.4±2.8 308.5±2.5 334.4±3.4 365.5±3.0

[0059] The results above show that the weight gain effect of the cotton stalk feed with leaves removed according to Example 3 of the present invention is higher than that of the corn silage group. Over 80 days, the experimental group gained 35.8 kg more than the control group, with a cumulative weight gain of 113.9 kg compared to the control group's 78.3 kg. The average daily weight gain of the control group over 80 days was 0.98 kg / day, while the average daily weight gain of the experimental group was 1.42 kg / day, representing a 44.8% increase in weight gain per day compared to the control group. The daily economic benefit is approximately 45 yuan / day.

[0060] Experimental Example 2

[0061] Animals raised: Lake sheep

[0062] Feeding program: The experimental group was fed with cotton stalk feed with leaves removed as prepared in Example 3, while the control group was fed with corn silage prepared in Comparative Example 1; both the experimental and control groups consisted of 30 sheep.

[0063] The pre-feeding period was 7 days; the initial weight of each Hu sheep was collected, and thereafter weighed every 2 days, while the daily feed addition was recorded in detail. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0064] Table 3 Weight Gain Results

[0065] stage Initial weight 20 days 40 days 60 days Weight at the end of 80 days Comparative Example 1 44.2±2.6 47.9±2.5 52.1±2.7 56.8±3.0 60.5±2.8 Example 3 44.5±2.7 49.4±2.8 54.3±2.5 59.3±3.1 63.8±3.0

[0066] As shown in Table 3 above, the weight gain effect of the cotton stalk feed with leaves removed obtained in Example 3 of this invention is higher than that of the corn silage group. The experimental group gained 3.3 kg more weight than the control group over 80 days, with a cumulative weight gain of 19.3 kg compared to the control group's 16.3 kg. The average daily weight gain of the control group over 80 days was 0.203 kg / day, while the average daily weight gain of the experimental group was 0.241 kg / day, representing a 18.72% increase in weight gain per day compared to the control group. The daily economic benefit is approximately 8 yuan / day.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cotton stalk feed with leaves removed, characterized in that, It is made from a mixture of cotton stalks with leaves removed and a fermentation liquid. The cotton stalks mixture consists of corn stalks grown under plastic film, hay, and cotton stalks with leaves removed, with a weight ratio of (14-16):(29-31):(54-56). The fermentation liquid contains ≥1.5 × 10⁻⁶ Lactobacillus plantarum. 6 CFU / mL, Candida utilis ≥3.0×10 5 CFU / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ≥1.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Candida tropicalis ≥1.2×10 5 CFU / mL, Bacillus subtilis ≥2.0×10 6 CFU / mL, Geotrichum candidiasis ≥1.0×10 4 CFU / mL, Bacillus licheniformis ≥5.0×10 4 CFU / mL and ≥3.0 × 10⁻⁶ Pseudomonas putidae 5 CFU / mL.

2. The cotton stalk feed with leaves removed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass-to-volume ratio of the cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed to the fermentation liquid is 100g:0.1-0.2mL.

3. The cotton stalk feed with leaves removed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hay includes alfalfa hay or a mixture of alfalfa hay.

4. The cotton stalk feed with leaves removed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The alfalfa hay mixture consists of alfalfa hay, oat hay, and sheep grass, with a weight ratio of 50:30:

20.

5. The cotton stalk feed with leaves removed according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before using corn stalks grown under plastic film, the film must be removed.

6. The method for preparing cotton stalk feed with leaves removed according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: mixing corn stalks, hay, and cotton stalks with leaves removed from the mulched plant to obtain a mixture of cotton stalks with leaves removed; mixing the cotton stalk mixture with leaves removed with fermentation liquid, adjusting the moisture content to 60%–70%, and then wrapping and fermenting.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The corn stalks and cotton stalks used in mulched planting are first crushed and then mixed.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The pulverization refers to pulverizing to a thickness of 0.5cm to 1cm.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fermentation is carried out outdoors naturally, and the fermentation time is more than 45 days.

10. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The package is wrapped in film, and the weight of a single film-wrapped package is 190kg to 210kg.

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