Feed additive for improving rumen function, preparation method thereof and feed

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive capable of improving rumen functions, a preparation method of the feed additive and feed. The feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of probiotics, 20-70 parts of a carrier and 1-5 parts of a metabolism regulator, the probiotics comprise bacillus subtilis and saccharomyces cerevisiae; the carrier is a yeast culture; the metabolism regulator comprises a coralline algae extract, propyl gallate and cerium citrate; the feed additive is added into the feed. The obtained feed additive and feed improve the rumen function of animals, increase the total amount of beneficial microorganisms in the rumen of the animals and improve the appetite of the animals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of feed additive technology, and in particular to a feed additive for improving rumen function, its preparation method and feed. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, feed additives are mainly divided into three categories: nutritional, functional, and natural additives. Nutritional additives (such as amino acids and vitamins) are used to balance the basic nutritional needs of animals and support growth and health; functional additives (such as enzyme preparations and antibacterial agents) indirectly optimize the physiological state of animals by improving feed utilization and inhibiting pathogens; natural additives (such as plant extracts and microbial preparations) are gradually becoming alternatives to antibiotics due to their green and safe characteristics. For example, probiotics reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emissions by regulating the intestinal flora.

[0003] However, when adding microorganisms to existing feed additives to improve rumen function, it is difficult to form a long-term and effective microbial community. At the same time, adding too many additives with existing technologies can disrupt the body's metabolic balance. For example, excessive electrolyte supplementation can disrupt the body fluid ion balance and induce metabolic alkalosis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the challenges of establishing a long-term effective microbial community in feed additives and the potential disruption of metabolic balance caused by excessive additives, this study provides a feed additive for improving rumen function, its preparation method, and the feed itself.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A feed additive for improving rumen function comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts probiotics, 20-70 parts carrier, and 1-5 parts metabolic regulator. Probiotics include Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; The carrier is a yeast culture; Metabolic regulators include coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate.

[0006] By employing the above technical solutions, Bacillus subtilis can secrete proteases and cellulases to decompose indigestible proteins and fibers in feed. It competitively inhibits methanogens and acidogens, maintaining the rumen pH within the ideal range of 6.2–6.8 and reducing methane emissions. Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces B vitamins and amino acids through aerobic fermentation, promoting the proliferation of fiber-decomposing bacteria in the rumen. Simultaneously, its cell wall components (such as β-glucan) can adsorb pathogens and regulate the balance of the microbial community. The low moisture content and moderate particle size of the carrier yeast culture give it excellent adsorption and carrying capacity, reducing mixing and stratification. It is also rich in B vitamins and organic acids, further promoting the activity of fiber-decomposing bacteria and increasing the rate of bacterial protein synthesis. The coral algae extract in the metabolic regulator is rich in calcium and magnesium ions, which can neutralize the excessive H+ produced by excessive volatile fatty acids. + Meanwhile, its polysaccharide components act as prebiotics, promoting the proliferation of lactic acid-utilizing bacteria and reducing lactic acid accumulation; propyl gallate quenches hydroxyl free radicals through its phenolic hydroxyl structure, inhibiting the lipid peroxidation chain reaction and protecting rumen epithelial cells from oxidative damage. Simultaneously, its weak acidity can activate bitter taste receptors, moderately inhibiting the proliferation of harmful bacteria, and its polyphenolic structure can chelate metal ions (such as Fe). 2+ This reduces the generation of hydroxyl free radicals, protects intestinal epithelial cells from oxidative damage, and indirectly supports nutrient absorption. The cerium ions in cerium citrate compete with the calcium ions in the active center of cellulase for binding, thereby activating conformational changes in the enzyme, enhancing the activity of cellulase, and promoting the degradation of cellulose into fermentable sugars. In summary, the above technical solutions can improve rumen function, increase feed intake, and improve feed conversion ratio.

[0007] Optionally, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1:(3-5).

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a high proportion of brewing yeast provides growth factors such as glutathione, which synergistically enhances the cellulase activity of Bacillus subtilis. Bacillus subtilis dominates fiber degradation and pathogen inhibition, avoiding the imbalance of carbohydrate fermentation caused by excessive yeast proliferation, and maintaining the stability of the propionic acid / acetic acid ratio in rumen volatile fatty acids. Within this range, the synergistic effect of the two is better, and the effect of improving rumen function is better.

[0009] Optionally, the mass ratio of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate is 10:(0.5-2):(0.05-0.1).

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, coral algae extract can also regulate pH, providing conditions for the enzyme activation of cerium citrate, so that the enzyme activated by cerium citrate is in a highly active state. The antioxidant effect of propyl gallate directly protects the enzyme structure. Within this range, the synergistic effect of the three is stronger, and the effect on improving rumen function is better.

[0011] Optionally, it may also include 0.5 to 2 parts of flavor enhancers, including betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solutions, betaine regulates the osmotic pressure of rumen fluid, alleviates dehydration stress caused by high-concentrate feeding, and promotes microbial proliferation; brewer's yeast powder contains nucleotides that stimulate taste buds, enhance appetite, and provide umami amino acids such as glutamic acid; L-malic acid participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, accelerates the conversion of pyruvate to propionic acid, and increases energy utilization; through both taste and metabolism, it increases food intake.

[0013] Optionally, the mass ratio of betaine, brewer's yeast powder and L-malic acid in the flavor enhancer is 2:(1-3):(1-3).

[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, within this range, betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid can more easily exert their respective effects, resulting in a better appetite enhancement effect.

[0015] Optionally, it may also include 3 to 5 parts of Chinese herbal powder, including tangerine peel powder, licorice powder, astragalus powder, hawthorn powder, cinnamon powder, and epimedium powder.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, tangerine peel powder and hawthorn powder contain hesperidin and organic acids, which promote bile secretion and accelerate lipid emulsification; saponins in astragalus powder and licorice powder enhance macrophage activity and reduce inflammation caused by endotoxins (such as LPS); volatile oils (such as cinnamaldehyde) in cinnamon powder and epimedium powder inhibit methanogenic nucleic acid synthesis and reduce energy loss; they have both digestive and anti-inflammatory effects, and do not affect the diversity of rumen flora, thus improving rumen function.

[0017] The second objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: The preparation method of any of the above-mentioned feed additives for improving rumen function includes the following steps: The components are mixed and granulated using a pellet mill to obtain a feed additive.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solutions, the granulation process protects the activity of probiotics, ensures slow disintegration in the rumen, and prolongs the duration of action; the sustained-release properties of metabolic regulators are enhanced after granulation, resulting in better improvement of rumen function.

[0019] The third objective of this invention is as follows: A feed, with any of the above-mentioned feed additives for improving rumen function added.

[0020] In summary, this application has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Yeast culture achieves efficient adsorption and material carrying through special surface structure, reducing the stratification phenomenon during feed mixing. Its rich active B vitamins and organic acids can activate the metabolic activity of fiber-decomposing bacteria, improve the efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis, and strengthen rumen fermentation function. (2) Saccharomyces cerevisiae creates a microenvironment suitable for the proliferation of fiber-decomposing bacteria by secreting nutrients such as B vitamins and essential amino acids. Its unique cell wall polysaccharide structure can selectively adsorb potential pathogens, dynamically regulate the balance of rumen flora, and establish a healthy microbial ecosystem. (3) Coral algae extract buffers the H+ produced by excessive volatile fatty acids through the acid-base neutralization effect of calcium and magnesium ions. + Its unique sulfated polysaccharide component, as a novel prebiotic, can promote the amplification of lactic acid-utilizing bacteria, reduce lactic acid accumulation, and build a stable rumen homeostasis. Detailed Implementation

[0021] raw material Bacillus subtilis, viable count 1.1 × 10⁻⁶ 11 CFU / g, moisture 4wt%, purchased from Evonik Biotech (Shandong) Co., Ltd. The yeast strain, AMCC 30023, had a moisture content of 3.8 wt% and a live yeast cell count of 2.3 × 10⁻⁶. 10 CFU / g, purchased from Angel Yeast (Jining) Co., Ltd.; The yeast culture, specifically a culture of *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*, was purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd. Coral algae extract, with an active ingredient content of 10 wt%, was purchased from Xi'an Tianyin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Propyl gallate, purity ≥98wt%, purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. Cerium citrate, with a total rare earth content of ≥41wt% and a relative purity of 99.99wt%, was purchased from Chengdu Dayang Chemical Co., Ltd. Betaine, anhydrous betaine, was purchased from Shandong Aokete Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Brewer's yeast powder was purchased from Xuzhou Saifu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. L-malic acid, purity ≥98wt%, purchased from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. The dried tangerine peel, licorice root, astragalus root, hawthorn fruit, cinnamon, and epimedium were all purchased from Shengshi Herbal Medicine Co., Ltd.

[0022] Example 1 A feed additive for improving rumen function is prepared from the following components: Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, yeast culture, coral algae extract, propyl gallate, cerium citrate, betaine, brewer's yeast powder, L-malic acid, tangerine peel powder, licorice powder, astragalus powder, hawthorn powder, cinnamon powder, and epimedium powder.

[0023] Its preparation method is as follows: S1-1: 3 kg of coral algae extract, 0.3 kg of propyl gallate and 0.024 kg of cerium citrate were mixed in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 min to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator.

[0024] S1-2: 1 kg of dried tangerine peel, 1 kg of licorice root, 1 kg of astragalus root, 1 kg of hawthorn, 1 kg of cinnamon, and 1 kg of epimedium are pulverized in a hammer mill (power 7.5kW) and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the corresponding dried tangerine peel powder, licorice root powder, astragalus root powder, hawthorn powder, cinnamon powder, and epimedium powder. These are then mixed in a mixer at 12 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain premixed Chinese herbal medicine powder.

[0025] S1-3: Mix 1 kg of betaine, 1 kg of brewer's yeast powder and 1 kg of L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer.

[0026] S2: Add 50kg of yeast culture to a mixer. Under a nitrogen atmosphere, add 3kg of the premixed metabolic regulator obtained in S1-1, 6kg of the premixed traditional Chinese medicine powder obtained in S1-2, and 1kg of the premixed flavor enhancer obtained in S1-3 in sequence. The feeding rate is 100kg / h. Mix at 12rpm for 45min to obtain a premix. Mix 2.5kg of Bacillus subtilis and 10kg of Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 15rpm for 20min to obtain a mixed cell. Take 8kg of the mixed cell and add it to the mixer with the premix. Mix at 10rpm for 20min to obtain a mixture. Send the mixture to a granulator to granulate to obtain a feed additive. The extrusion temperature is 45℃.

[0027] Comparative Example 1 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain butterfly algae, but is otherwise the same as Example 1.

[0028] Comparative Example 2 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain propyl gallate, but is otherwise identical to Example 1.

[0029] Comparative Example 3 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain cerium citrate, but is otherwise identical to Example 1.

[0030] Example 2 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: in S2, 2.5 kg of Bacillus subtilis and 7.5 kg of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are mixed at 15 rpm for 20 min to obtain mixed bacterial cells, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0031] Example 3 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: in S2, 2.5 kg of Bacillus subtilis and 12.5 kg of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are mixed at 15 rpm for 20 min to obtain mixed bacterial cells, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0032] Example 4 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: in S2, 3 kg of Bacillus subtilis and 6 kg of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are mixed at 15 rpm for 20 min to obtain mixed bacterial cells, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0033] Example 5 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: in S2, 2.5 kg of Bacillus subtilis and 15 kg of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are mixed at 15 rpm for 20 min to obtain mixed bacterial cells, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0034] Example 6 A feed additive for improving rumen function differs from Example 1 in that: S1-1 involves mixing 3 kg of coral algae extract powder, 0.15 kg of propyl gallate and 0.03 kg of cerium citrate in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator; the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Example 7 A feed additive for improving rumen function differs from Example 1 in that: S1-1 involves mixing 3 kg of coral algae extract powder, 0.6 kg of propyl gallate, and 0.015 kg of cerium citrate in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator; the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0036] Example 8 A feed additive for improving rumen function differs from Example 1 in that: S1-1 involves mixing 3 kg of coral algae extract powder, 0.75 kg of propyl gallate and 0.015 kg of cerium citrate in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator; the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0037] Example 9 A feed additive for improving rumen function differs from Example 1 in that: S1-1 involves mixing 3 kg of coral algae extract powder, 0.12 kg of propyl gallate and 0.03 kg of cerium citrate in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator; the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Example 10 A feed additive for improving rumen function differs from Example 1 in that: S1-1 involves mixing 3 kg of coral algae extract powder, 0.15 kg of propyl gallate and 0.045 kg of cerium citrate in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator; the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Example 11 A feed additive for improving rumen function differs from Example 1 in that: S1-1 involves mixing 3 kg of coral algae extract powder, 0.6 kg of propyl gallate, and 0.009 kg of cerium citrate in a mixer at 18 rpm for 10 minutes to obtain a premixed metabolic regulator; the rest of the process is the same as in Example 1.

[0040] Example 12 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that steps S1-3 are not performed, and no premixed flavor enhancer is added in S2, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0041] Example 13 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain betaine, but is otherwise identical to Example 1.

[0042] Example 14 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain brewer's yeast powder, but is otherwise the same as Example 1.

[0043] Example 15 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain L-malic acid, but is otherwise identical to Example 1.

[0044] Example 16 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S1-3 is to mix 1 kg of betaine, 0.5 kg of brewer's yeast powder and 0.5 kg of L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0045] Example 17 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S1-3 is to mix 1 kg of betaine, 0.5 kg of brewer's yeast powder and 1.5 kg of L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0046] Example 18 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S1-3 is to mix 1 kg of betaine, 1.5 kg of brewer's yeast powder and 0.5 kg of L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Example 19 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S1-3 is to mix 1 kg of betaine, 1.5 kg of brewer's yeast powder and 1.5 kg of L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Example 20 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S1-3 is to mix 1 kg betaine, 0.5 kg brewer's yeast powder and 2 kg L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Example 21 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S1-3 is to mix 1 kg betaine, 0.25 kg brewer's yeast powder and 1.5 kg L-malic acid in a mixer at 25 rpm for 5 min to obtain a premixed flavor enhancer, and the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0050] Example 22 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that steps S1-2 are not performed, and premixed Chinese herbal powder is not added in S2, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Example 23 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: no dried tangerine peel powder is added, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0052] Example 24 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain licorice powder, but is otherwise identical to Example 1.

[0053] Example 25 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: it does not contain astragalus powder, but the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0054] Example 26 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: no hawthorn powder is added, while the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0055] Example 27 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain cinnamon powder, but is otherwise identical to Example 1.

[0056] Example 28 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that it does not contain Epimedium powder, but the rest is the same as Example 1.

[0057] Example 29 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S2 contains 5 kg of mixed microbial cells, 20 kg of yeast culture, 1 kg of premixed metabolic regulator, 3 kg of premixed traditional Chinese medicine powder and 0.5 kg of premixed flavor enhancer, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Example 30 A feed additive for improving rumen function, which differs from Example 1 in that: S2 contains 10 kg of mixed microbial cells, 70 kg of yeast culture, 5 kg of premixed metabolic regulator, 9 kg of premixed traditional Chinese medicine powder, and 2 kg of premixed flavor enhancer, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Examples 31-60 A feed is prepared by mixing 1 kg of feed additive with 100 kg of feed ingredients in a mixer. The feed ingredients consist of corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran, with a mass ratio of corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran of 60:25:15. The corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran are all commercially available. The feed additive is derived from Examples 1-30, as detailed in Table 1.

[0060] Table 1. Sources of feed additives used in Examples 31-60 Sources of feed additives Sources of feed additives Example 31 Example 1 Example 47 Example 17 Example 32 Example 2 Example 48 Example 18 Example 33 Example 3 Example 49 Example 19 Example 34 Example 4 Example 50 Example 20 Example 35 Example 5 Example 51 Example 21 Example 36 Example 6 Example 52 Example 22 Example 37 Example 7 Example 53 Example 23 Example 38 Example 8 Example 54 Example 24 Example 39 Example 9 Example 55 Example 25 Example 40 Example 10 Example 56 Example 26 Example 41 Example 11 Example 57 Example 27 Example 42 Example 12 Example 58 Example 28 Example 43 Example 13 Example 59 Example 29 Example 44 Example 14 Example 60 Example 30 Example 45 Example 15 Example 47 Example 17 Example 46 Example 16 Example 48 Example 18 Comparative Examples 4-6 A feed is prepared by mixing 1 kg of feed additive with 100 kg of feed ingredients in a mixer. The feed ingredients consist of corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran, with a mass ratio of 60:25:15. The corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran are all commercially available. The feed additive is derived from comparative examples 1 to 3, as detailed in Table 2.

[0061] Table 2 shows the sources of feed additives used in Comparative Examples 4-6. Sources of feed additives Comparative Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 5 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 6 Comparative Example 2 The feeds obtained in Examples 31-60 and Comparative Examples 4-6 were tested as follows: One hundred and seventy Luxi Yellow Cattle of the same breed, healthy and disease-free, with similar weight (400±5kg), parity, and 12 months of age were randomly divided into 34 groups of five cattle each. One group served as the control group and was fed feed ingredients without feed additives. The remaining 33 groups were fed the feeds of Examples 31-60 and Comparative Examples 4-6, respectively.

[0062] The experiment was conducted at a fattening cattle farm in Shandong Province. The feeding cycle was divided into an adaptation period of 15 days and a formalization period of 60 days. During the adaptation period, the cattle were gradually introduced to the experimental feed. During the formalization period, the cattle had free access to feed and water. Feed was provided at fixed times and in fixed quantities at 8:00 AM and 4:00 PM daily. After the start of the formalization period, the feed intake was recorded daily, and the weight gain was recorded every 15 days. The average daily feed intake (calculated by dry matter weight), average daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were calculated. The results are shown in Table 3. The cattle shed environment was maintained at a temperature of 15℃~25℃, humidity of 60%~70%, with ventilation, and disinfection was carried out twice a week.

[0063] Table 3 Results of 60-day feeding of beef cattle Based on Tables 1-3, the analyses of Examples 31-60 and Comparative Examples 4-6 are as follows: Compared with Comparative Examples 4-6, Example 31 had a higher average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain than Comparative Examples 4-6; the feed conversion ratio of Example 31 was lower than that of Comparative Examples 4-6.

[0064] The difference between Example 31 and Comparative Examples 4-6 is that the feed additives used in Example 31 all contain coral algae extract and cerium gallate propyl citrate; coral algae extract can neutralize the excessive H produced by excessive volatile fatty acids. + It promotes the proliferation of lactic acid-utilizing bacteria and reduces lactic acid accumulation; propyl gallate protects rumen epithelial cells from oxidative damage and moderately inhibits the proliferation of harmful bacteria; cerium citrate enhances the activity of cellulase and promotes the degradation of cellulose into fermentable sugars; it is clear that the addition of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate is necessary.

[0065] Comparing Examples 31 with Examples 32-35, the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Example 1 were greater than those of Examples 32-35; the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Examples 32-33 were greater than those of Examples 34-35; the feed conversion ratio of Example 31 was lower than that of Examples 32-35; and the feed conversion ratio of Examples 32-33 was lower than that of Examples 34-35.

[0066] The difference between Examples 31, 32-33, and 34-35 is that the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the feed additive used in Examples 31-33 is 1:(3-5), and the ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae in Example 31 is 1:4. Within this range, Saccharomyces cerevisiae synergistically enhances the cellulase activity of Bacillus subtilis, and the synergistic effect between the two is stronger. It can be seen that a ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae of 1:(3-5) is better, and within this range, a ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae of 1:4 is better.

[0067] Comparing Examples 31 and 36-41, the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Example 31 were greater than those of Examples 36-41, and the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Examples 36-39 were greater than those of Examples 40-41. The feed conversion ratio of Example 31 was lower than that of Examples 36-41, and the average feed conversion ratio of Examples 36-39 was lower than that of Examples 40-41.

[0068] The difference between Examples 31, 36-39, and 40-41 is that the mass ratio of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate in the metabolic regulator used in the feed additives of Examples 31 and 36-39 is 10:(0.5-2):(0.05-0.1), and the mass ratio of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate in the metabolic regulator of Example 31 is 10:1:0.08. Within this range, the three components can play a better synergistic role. The enzyme activated by coral algae extract and cerium citrate is in a highly active state, and the antioxidant effect of propyl gallate protects the enzyme. It can be seen that the mass ratio of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate in the metabolic regulator is 10:(0.5-2):(0.05-0.1), and within this range, the mass ratio of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate is 10:1:0.08, which is also preferred.

[0069] Comparative Examples 31 and 42-45: The average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Example 31 were greater than those of Examples 42-45; the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Examples 43-45 were greater than those of Example 42; the feed conversion ratio of Example 31 was less than that of Examples 42-45; and the feed conversion ratios of Examples 43-45 were all less than that of Example 42.

[0070] The difference between Examples 31 and Examples 42-45 is that Example 42 does not contain any flavor enhancer, while the feed additives used in Examples 31 and 43-45 contain at least one of the flavor enhancers betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid. Furthermore, the feed additives used in Example 31 all contain betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid. Betaine regulates rumen fluid osmotic pressure and promotes microbial proliferation; brewer's yeast powder enhances appetite and provides umami amino acids such as glutamic acid; L-malic acid accelerates the conversion of pyruvate to propionic acid, increasing energy utilization. Therefore, it is superior to use all three as flavor enhancers: betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid.

[0071] Comparing Examples 31 and 46-51, the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Example 31 were greater than those of Examples 46-51, and the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Examples 46-49 were greater than those of Examples 50-51. The feed conversion ratio of Example 31 was lower than that of Examples 46-51, and the feed conversion ratio of Examples 46-49 was lower than that of Examples 50-51.

[0072] The difference between Examples 31, 46-49, and 50-51 is that the mass ratio of betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid in the feed additive flavor enhancer used in Examples 31 and 46-49 is 2:(1-3):(1-3), while the mass ratio of betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid in the feed additive flavor enhancer used in Example 1 is 1:1:1. Within this range, the synergistic effect of betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid in enhancing appetite is better. It can be seen that a mass ratio of 2:(1-3):(1-3) in the flavor enhancer is preferred, and within this range, a mass ratio of 1:1:1 in the flavor enhancer is preferred.

[0073] Comparing Examples 31 and Examples 52-58, the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Example 1 were greater than those of Examples 52-58, and the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Examples 53-58 were greater than those of Example 52. The feed conversion ratio of Example 31 was lower than that of Examples 52-58, and the feed conversion ratios of Examples 53-58 were all lower than that of Example 52.

[0074] The difference between Example 31 and Examples 52-58 is that the feed additive used in Example 31 contains traditional Chinese medicine powder, specifically tangerine peel powder, licorice powder, astragalus powder, hawthorn powder, cinnamon powder, and epimedium powder. The difference between Example 52 and Examples 53-58 is that the feed additive used in Example 52 does not contain traditional Chinese medicine powder. Tangerine peel powder and hawthorn powder contain hesperidin and organic acids, which accelerate lipid emulsification. Astragalus powder and licorice powder enhance macrophage activity and reduce inflammation. Cinnamon powder and epimedium powder inhibit methanogenic nucleic acid synthesis and reduce energy loss. Therefore, the addition of traditional Chinese medicine powders such as tangerine peel powder, licorice powder, astragalus powder, hawthorn powder, cinnamon powder, and epimedium powder is superior.

[0075] Comparing Examples 31 and 59-60, the average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of Example 1 were greater than those of Examples 59-60; the feed conversion ratio of Example 1 was less than that of Examples 59-60.

[0076] The difference between Example 31 and Examples 59-60 is that the mass ratio of mixed microbial cells, yeast culture, premixed metabolic regulator, premixed flavor enhancer, and premixed traditional Chinese medicine powder in the feed additive used in Example 31 is 8:50:3:1:6; it can be seen that the mass ratio of mixed microbial cells, yeast culture, premixed metabolic regulator, premixed flavor enhancer, and premixed traditional Chinese medicine powder of 8:50:3:1:6 is better.

[0077] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A feed additive for improving rumen function, characterized in that, It includes the following components by weight: 5-10 parts probiotics, 20-70 parts carrier, and 1-5 parts metabolic regulator; The probiotics include Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae; The carrier is a yeast culture; The metabolic regulators include coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate.

2. The feed additive for improving rumen function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1:(3~5).

3. The feed additive for improving rumen function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of coral algae extract, propyl gallate, and cerium citrate in the metabolic regulator is 10:(0.5~2):(0.05~0.1).

4. The feed additive for improving rumen function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 0.5 to 2 parts of flavor enhancers, which include betaine, brewer's yeast powder, and L-malic acid.

5. The feed additive for improving rumen function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flavor enhancer contains betaine, brewer's yeast powder and L-malic acid in a mass ratio of 2:(1~3):(1~3).

6. The feed additive for improving rumen function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 3 to 9 portions of Chinese herbal powder, which includes tangerine peel powder, licorice powder, astragalus powder, hawthorn powder, cinnamon powder, and epimedium powder.

7. A method for preparing a feed additive for improving rumen function as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The components are mixed and granulated using a pellet mill to obtain a feed additive.

8. A feed, characterized in that, Add the feed additive for improving rumen function as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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