Chemical wastewater treatment process and equipment for improving sludge dewatering and solid content

Abstract

The invention discloses a chemical wastewater treatment process and equipment for improving sludge dewatering and solid content, the equipment mainly comprises an adjusting tank, a sludge conditioning device, a sludge dewatering device, a sludge drying device and a sludge conveying device, the sludge conditioning device combines chemical conditioning, mechanical conditioning and ultrasonic conditioning, and the sludge dewatering performance is effectively improved; the sludge dewatering device adopts the combination of a stacked screw dewatering machine and a centrifugal dewatering machine, so that the dewatering efficiency is improved; the sludge drying device is combined with a heat drying unit, a solar drying unit and a microwave drying unit, so that the water content of the sludge is further reduced; the equipment is provided with an online monitoring and control unit, so that automatic operation is realized; according to the process, through the steps of optimizing conditioning, dewatering and drying, the solid content of the sludge is remarkably increased, the water content is reduced, the sludge volume and the treatment cost are reduced, and meanwhile, the environmental pollution risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical wastewater treatment, and in particular to a chemical wastewater treatment process and equipment for improving sludge dewatering and solids content. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of chemical wastewater treatment, sludge dewatering and solids content improvement are key steps. Sludge solids content refers to the percentage of the mass of solid matter in the sludge relative to its total mass. It is an important indicator for measuring the effectiveness of sludge treatment. Sludge with low solids content is larger in volume and heavier in weight, making it inconvenient to transport and dispose of, while also increasing treatment costs and environmental pollution risks.

[0003] Traditional sludge treatment methods typically include steps such as sludge thickening, dewatering, and drying. However, these methods have the following shortcomings in increasing the solids content of sludge: Low dewatering efficiency: Traditional dewatering equipment (such as plate and frame filter presses, belt filter presses, and centrifugal dewatering machines) can reduce the moisture content of sludge to a certain extent, but it is usually difficult to reduce the moisture content to below 60%. This is mainly because the properties of sludge are complex, and the organic matter and colloidal particles in it will hinder the removal of water.

[0004] Conditioning agents have limited effectiveness: To improve dewatering, large amounts of conditioning agents (such as lime and iron salts) are usually added to the sludge. However, the effectiveness of these conditioning agents is often limited, and they may cause secondary pollution to the environment.

[0005] High risk of environmental pollution: The sludge treatment process may generate large amounts of wastewater and exhaust gas. If this wastewater and exhaust gas are not properly treated, they can cause secondary pollution to the environment. In addition, sludge with high water content may produce leachate and harmful gases when landfilled or incinerated, polluting the soil and atmospheric environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of low dehydration efficiency, limited effect of conditioning agents, and high risk of environmental pollution in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: A chemical wastewater treatment process and equipment for improving sludge dewatering and solids content, comprising: Equalization tank: Used to receive and temporarily store pretreated chemical wastewater; Sludge conditioning device: connected to the sludge dewatering device, used to condition the sludge before dewatering and improve the dewatering performance of the sludge; Sludge dewatering device: connected to the equalization tank, used to dewater the sludge generated during wastewater treatment and reduce the moisture content of the sludge; Sludge drying device: connected to the sludge dewatering device, used to further dry the dewatered sludge and increase the solids content of the sludge; Sludge conveying equipment: used to transport dewatered and dried sludge to designated storage or disposal areas; The sludge conditioning device includes a chemical conditioning unit, a mechanical conditioning unit, and an ultrasonic conditioning unit. The chemical conditioning unit is used to add conditioning agents to the sludge. The mechanical conditioning unit is used to stir and shear the sludge to ensure that the conditioning agents are fully mixed with the sludge. The ultrasonic conditioning unit is used to break down the cell walls of the sludge through ultrasonic waves, release internal organic matter, and further improve the dewatering performance of the sludge. The sludge dewatering device includes a screw press dewatering machine and a centrifugal dewatering machine. The screw press dewatering machine is used for preliminary dewatering, and the centrifugal dewatering machine is used for further dewatering to increase the solids content of the sludge. The sludge drying device includes a thermal drying unit, a solar drying unit, and a microwave drying unit. The thermal drying unit is used when rapid drying is required. The solar drying unit is used to perform drying treatment using solar energy when conditions permit. The microwave drying unit is used to treat the dewatered sludge with microwaves to further reduce the water content and increase the solids content of the sludge. The equipment also includes an online monitoring and control unit, which is used to monitor the solids content, moisture content and conditioner dosage of sludge in real time, and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the equipment based on the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation.

[0008] In this invention, the sludge conditioning device further includes sensors for monitoring the solids content, moisture content, and conditioner dosage of the sludge. The sensors include a solids content sensor, a moisture content sensor, and a conditioner dosage sensor. The solids content sensor is a gamma-ray sensor or an infrared sensor, the moisture content sensor is a microwave sensor or a capacitive sensor, and the conditioner dosage sensor is a flow sensor or a weight sensor. The sensors are installed at the outlet of the conditioning device or the inlet of the dewatering device, and the monitoring frequency is once per minute.

[0009] In this invention, the ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic conditioning unit are adjusted according to the type of sludge. For different types of sludge, the ultrasonic frequency and power are optimized within a reasonable range to ensure that the ultrasonic waves can effectively destroy the cell walls of the sludge, release internal organic matter, and avoid excessive energy consumption.

[0010] In this invention, the sludge conditioning device further includes a pretreatment unit for pretreating the sludge to remove odors and heavy metal ions from the sludge.

[0011] In this invention, the sludge conveying device includes a conveyor belt, a screw conveyor, or a pneumatic conveying device, used to transport dewatered and dried sludge to a designated storage or disposal area.

[0012] In this invention, the online monitoring and control unit further includes a data storage module for storing monitoring data and equipment operating parameters. The data storage module supports data export and remote access functions.

[0013] In this invention, the device also includes an anomaly alarm module, which is used to issue an alarm when the monitored data exceeds a preset range. The alarm includes an audible alarm, a light alarm, or a text message notification.

[0014] In this invention, the sludge conditioning device further includes a stirring device, the stirring speed and shear strength of which are optimized according to the concentration and fluidity of the sludge.

[0015] In this invention, the sludge drying device further includes a waste gas treatment unit for treating the waste gas generated during the drying process, thereby reducing environmental pollution.

[0016] In this invention, a sludge dewatering and solids content improvement process for chemical wastewater treatment includes the following steps: S1. The pretreated chemical wastewater is temporarily stored in a regulating tank. S2. The sludge in the equalization tank is sent to the sludge conditioning device. Conditioning agent is added to the sludge through the chemical conditioning unit. The sludge is stirred and sheared through the mechanical conditioning unit to make the conditioning agent and sludge fully mixed. The sludge is then ultrasonically treated by the ultrasonic conditioning unit to break down the cell walls of the sludge, release internal organic matter, and further improve the dewatering performance of the sludge. S3. The conditioned sludge is fed into the sludge dewatering device. First, a screw press dewatering machine is used for preliminary dewatering, and then a centrifugal dewatering machine is used for further dewatering to increase the solids content of the sludge. S4. The dewatered sludge is sent to a sludge drying device. Depending on the actual conditions, a thermal drying unit or a solar drying unit is selected for drying treatment. A microwave drying unit is used to microwave treat the dewatered sludge to further reduce the water content and increase the solids content of the sludge. S5. The dried sludge is transported to the designated storage or disposal area via a sludge conveying device; The system uses an online monitoring and control unit to monitor the solids content, moisture content, and conditioning agent dosage of the sludge in real time, and automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the equipment based on the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: I. Improve sludge dewatering efficiency and solids content This invention effectively disrupts sludge cell walls and releases internal organic matter through a combination of chemical, mechanical, and ultrasonic conditioning, significantly improving sludge dewatering performance. Compared to traditional methods, it can reduce sludge moisture content to even lower levels while significantly increasing solids content, reducing sludge volume and weight, and facilitating transportation and subsequent disposal. II. Reduce the amount of conditioning agents used and the risk of secondary contamination. This invention reduces reliance on traditional conditioning agents (such as lime and iron salts) by utilizing an ultrasonic conditioning unit, thereby reducing the amount of conditioning agent added, which in turn reduces the risk of secondary pollution caused by excessive use of conditioning agents, and also lowers processing costs. III. Reducing the Risk of Environmental Pollution The process and equipment of this invention reduce the water content of sludge through efficient dewatering and drying during sludge treatment, thereby reducing the risk of leachate and harmful gases generated during landfilling or incineration, and thus reducing pollution to the soil and atmospheric environment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a chemical wastewater treatment process for improving sludge dewatering and solids content, provided by the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a chemical wastewater treatment device for improving sludge dewatering and solids content according to the present invention; Figure 2 Labels: 1. Sludge conditioning device; 2. Sludge dewatering device; 3. Sludge drying device; 4. Sludge conveying device. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, these drawings can be applied to other similar scenarios without creative effort. Unless obvious from the context or otherwise specified, the same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same structures or operations.

[0020] As indicated in this specification and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. The term "based on" means "at least partially based on." The term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment." Definitions of other terms will be given in the description below.

[0021] While this application makes various references to certain modules of the system according to embodiments of this application, any number of different modules may be used and run in a processing apparatus. These modules are merely illustrative, and different aspects of the system and method may use different modules.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a chemical wastewater treatment process and equipment for improving sludge dewatering and solids content includes: Equalization tank: Used to receive and temporarily store pretreated chemical wastewater; Sludge conditioning device 1: connected to sludge dewatering device 2, used to condition sludge before dewatering and improve sludge dewatering performance; Sludge dewatering device 2: Connected to the equalization tank, it is used to dewater the sludge generated during wastewater treatment and reduce the moisture content of the sludge. Sludge drying device 3: connected to sludge dewatering device 2, used to further dry the dewatered sludge and increase the solids content of the sludge; Sludge conveying device 4: used to convey dewatered and dried sludge to a designated storage or disposal area; The sludge conditioning device 1 includes a chemical conditioning unit and a mechanical conditioning unit. The chemical conditioning unit is used to add conditioning agents to the sludge, and the mechanical conditioning unit is used to stir and shear the sludge to ensure that the conditioning agents are fully mixed with the sludge. Specific Implementation Example 1 The sludge conditioning device 1 also includes an ultrasonic conditioning unit, which uses ultrasonic waves to break down the cell walls of the sludge, release internal organic matter, and further improve the dewatering performance of the sludge. The sludge dewatering device 2 includes a screw press dewatering machine and a centrifugal dewatering machine. The screw press dewatering machine is used for preliminary dewatering, and the centrifugal dewatering machine is used for further dewatering to increase the solids content of the sludge. The sludge drying device 3 includes a thermal drying unit and a solar drying unit. The thermal drying unit is used when rapid drying is required, and the solar drying unit is used to perform drying treatment using solar energy when conditions permit. The sludge drying device 3 also includes a microwave drying unit, which is used to microwave treat the dewatered sludge to further reduce the moisture content and increase the solids content of the sludge. The sludge conditioning device 1 also includes an online monitoring and control unit, which is used to monitor the solids content, moisture content, and dosage of the conditioning agent in real time, and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the equipment based on the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation.

[0024] In the above embodiments, a conditioning agent is added to the sludge through a chemical conditioning unit. The type and amount of conditioning agent are adjusted according to the properties and solids content requirements of the sludge. The mechanical conditioning unit stirs and shears the sludge to ensure that the conditioning agent is fully mixed with the sludge. The stirring speed and shearing intensity are optimized according to the concentration and flowability of the sludge. The frequency and power of the ultrasonic conditioning unit can be adjusted according to the cell wall structure and organic matter content of the sludge to achieve the best cell wall disruption effect. The operating parameters of the screw press dewatering machine and centrifugal dewatering machine, such as speed and pressure, are optimized according to the dewatering performance of the sludge to achieve efficient dewatering. The operating modes of the thermal drying unit and solar drying unit are selected according to environmental conditions and drying requirements. The power and time of the microwave drying unit are adjusted according to the moisture content of the sludge to further reduce the moisture content of the sludge. The online monitoring and control unit collects key parameters such as sludge solids content, moisture content and conditioning agent dosage in real time through an integrated sensor network. Relying on the PID algorithm built into the PLC / DCS system, it automatically links and controls the chemical, mechanical and ultrasonic conditioning intensity as well as the operating parameters of the screw press / centrifugal dewatering, thermal / solar / microwave drying units to achieve data-driven optimized operation of the entire process from conditioning to drying, ensuring accurate moisture content, minimizing conditioning agent dosage, and supporting abnormal alarms and cloud data backtracking. Specific Implementation Example 2 A sludge dewatering and solids content improvement process for chemical wastewater treatment includes the following steps: The pretreated chemical wastewater is temporarily stored in a regulating tank. The sludge in the equalization tank is sent to the sludge conditioning device 1, where the dewatering performance of the sludge is improved through chemical and mechanical conditioning. The conditioned sludge is sent to sludge dewatering device 2 for dewatering treatment to reduce the moisture content of the sludge. The dewatered sludge is sent to sludge drying device 3 for further drying treatment to increase the solids content of the sludge. The dried sludge is transported to the designated storage or disposal area via sludge conveying device 4; In the sludge conditioning process, a conditioning agent is added to the sludge through a chemical conditioning unit, and the sludge is stirred and sheared through a mechanical conditioning unit to ensure that the conditioning agent and the sludge are fully mixed.

[0026] The sludge conditioning step includes ultrasonic treatment of the sludge using an ultrasonic conditioning unit to break down the cell walls of the sludge, release internal organic matter, and further improve the dewatering performance of the sludge. In the sludge dewatering step, a screw press dewatering machine is first used for preliminary dewatering, followed by a centrifugal dewatering machine for further dewatering to increase the solids content of the sludge. In the sludge drying step, a thermal drying unit or a solar drying unit is selected according to actual conditions to dry the dewatered sludge. The sludge drying step also includes microwave treatment of the dewatered sludge using a microwave drying unit to further reduce the moisture content and increase the solids content of the sludge. The solids content, moisture content, and conditioning agent dosage of the sludge are monitored in real time by an online monitoring and control unit, and the operating parameters of the equipment are automatically adjusted based on the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation.

[0027] In the above embodiments, the solids content, moisture content and conditioner dosage of sludge are monitored in real time by an online monitoring and control unit, and the operating parameters of the equipment are automatically adjusted according to the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation. The monitoring accuracy and control accuracy of the online monitoring and control unit are adjusted according to the operating requirements of the equipment to ensure that the operating parameters of the equipment are always in the best state, thereby improving the effect of sludge dewatering and solids content enhancement.

[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sludge dewatering and solids content improvement device for chemical wastewater treatment, characterized in that, include: Equalization tank: Used to receive and temporarily store pretreated chemical wastewater; Sludge conditioning device (1): connected to sludge dewatering device (2), used to condition sludge before dewatering and improve sludge dewatering performance; Sludge dewatering device (2): connected to the equalization tank, used to dewater the sludge generated during wastewater treatment and reduce the water content of the sludge; Sludge drying device (3): connected to sludge dewatering device (2), used to further dry the dewatered sludge and increase the solid content of the sludge; Sludge conveying device (4): used to convey dewatered and dried sludge to a designated storage or disposal area; The sludge conditioning device (1) includes a chemical conditioning unit, a mechanical conditioning unit and an ultrasonic conditioning unit. The chemical conditioning unit is used to add conditioning agents to the sludge. The mechanical conditioning unit is used to stir and shear the sludge so that the conditioning agents are fully mixed with the sludge. The ultrasonic conditioning unit is used to destroy the cell walls of the sludge through ultrasonic action, release internal organic matter, and further improve the dewatering performance of the sludge. The sludge dewatering device (2) includes a screw press dewatering machine and a centrifugal dewatering machine. The screw press dewatering machine is used for preliminary dewatering, and the centrifugal dewatering machine is used for further dewatering to increase the solids content of the sludge. The sludge drying device (3) includes a thermal drying unit, a solar drying unit and a microwave drying unit. The thermal drying unit is used when rapid drying is required. The solar drying unit is used to dry the sludge using solar energy when conditions permit. The microwave drying unit is used to microwave the dewatered sludge to further reduce the water content and increase the solid content of the sludge. The equipment also includes an online monitoring and control unit, which is used to monitor the solids content, moisture content and conditioner dosage of sludge in real time, and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the equipment based on the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation.

2. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge conditioning device (1) also includes sensors for monitoring the solids content, moisture content and conditioner dosage of the sludge. The sensors include a solids content sensor, a moisture content sensor and a conditioner dosage sensor. The solids content sensor is a γ-ray sensor or an infrared sensor. The moisture content sensor is a microwave sensor or a capacitive sensor. The conditioner dosage sensor is a flow sensor or a weight sensor. The sensors are installed at the outlet of the conditioning device or the inlet of the dewatering device, and the monitoring frequency is once per minute.

3. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ultrasonic parameters of the ultrasonic conditioning unit are adjusted according to the type of sludge. For different types of sludge, the ultrasonic frequency and power are optimized within a reasonable range to ensure that the ultrasonic waves can effectively destroy the cell walls of the sludge, release internal organic matter, and avoid excessive energy consumption.

4. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge conditioning device (1) also includes a pretreatment unit for pretreating the sludge to remove odors and heavy metal ions from the sludge.

5. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge conveying device (4) includes a conveyor belt, a screw conveyor or a pneumatic conveying device for conveying dewatered and dried sludge to a designated storage or disposal area.

6. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The online monitoring and control unit also includes a data storage module for storing monitoring data and equipment operating parameters. The data storage module supports data export and remote access functions.

7. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an anomaly alarm module, which is used to issue an alarm when the monitored data exceeds a preset range. The alarm may include an audible alarm, a light alarm, or a text message notification.

8. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge conditioning device (1) also includes a stirring device, the stirring speed and shear strength of which are optimized according to the concentration and fluidity of the sludge.

9. The sludge dewatering and solids content improvement equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge drying device (3) also includes a waste gas treatment unit for treating the waste gas generated during the drying process and reducing environmental pollution.

10. A sludge dewatering and solids content improvement process for chemical wastewater treatment, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The pretreated chemical wastewater is temporarily stored in a regulating tank. S2. The sludge in the equalization tank is sent to the sludge conditioning device (1). Conditioning agent is added to the sludge through the chemical conditioning unit. The sludge is stirred and sheared through the mechanical conditioning unit to make the conditioning agent and sludge fully mixed. The sludge is ultrasonically treated by the ultrasonic conditioning unit to destroy the cell wall of the sludge, release the internal organic matter, and further improve the dewatering performance of the sludge. S3. The conditioned sludge is fed into the sludge dewatering device (2). First, a screw press dewatering machine is used for preliminary dewatering, and then a centrifugal dewatering machine is used for further dewatering to improve the solid content of the sludge. S4. The dewatered sludge is sent to the sludge drying device (3). The thermal drying unit or the solar drying unit is selected according to the actual conditions for drying treatment. The microwave drying unit is used to microwave treat the dewatered sludge to further reduce the water content and increase the solid content of the sludge. S5. The dried sludge is transported to the designated storage or disposal area via a sludge conveying device (4); The system uses an online monitoring and control unit to monitor the solids content, moisture content, and conditioning agent dosage of the sludge in real time, and automatically adjusts the operating parameters of the equipment based on the monitoring data to achieve optimized operation.

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