Anti-impact coating glass based on double-layer glass structure

Abstract

The invention discloses impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure, and relates to the field of safety glass manufacturing, the impact-resistant coated glass comprises an inner glass layer, a PVB intermediate film, an outer glass layer and an impact-resistant coating, the PVB intermediate film is arranged between the inner glass layer and the outer glass layer, the impact-resistant coating is arranged on the surface, away from the PVB intermediate film, of the outer glass layer, and the PVB intermediate film is arranged on the surface of the outer glass layer. The impact-resistant coating is formed by curing an impact-resistant coating, and the impact-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of organic silicate ester; 13 to 20 parts of acrylic ester; 1-3 parts of nano silicon dioxide; 0.3 to 1.2 parts of short carbon fiber; 0.6 to 1 part of a silane coupling agent; 0.1 to 0.4 part of a defoaming agent; 20-30 parts of hydrochloric acid; and 55-78 parts of a solvent. The impact-resistant coated glass prepared by the invention has high light transmittance, high impact resistance and low cost, and is suitable for scenes with high safety requirements, such as bank bullet-proof glass, high-speed rail window glass and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety glass manufacturing, and in particular to an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure. Background Technology

[0002] Laminated glass technology is widely used in the field of security and protection, especially in high-risk environments such as finance and transportation. Laminated glass is a composite glass product made of two or more sheets of glass with one or more layers of organic polymer interlayer sandwiched in between. After special high-temperature pre-pressing or vacuuming and high-temperature and high-pressure processes, the glass and interlayer are permanently bonded together.

[0003] The interlayer of laminated glass is generally made of PVB, SGP, EVA, etc. By using laminated glass, the interlayer adhesive effect prevents the glass from breaking due to impact, unlike ordinary glass, which produces sharp fragments that can cause injury. This avoids accidents and ensures personal safety.

[0004] While existing laminated glass has a certain degree of impact resistance, it may still delaminate or shatter under extreme conditions. The market has raised higher security requirements for scenarios such as bulletproof glass in banks and high-speed rail windows, thus requiring glass with higher impact resistance.

[0005] The main ways to improve the impact resistance of laminated glass include increasing the thickness of the interlayer, but this will increase the weight of the glass and reduce the light transmittance; using chemically strengthened glass with stronger impact resistance, but this will increase the cost and processing difficulty; and coating the surface with an impact-resistant coating, but existing impact-resistant coatings have problems such as insufficient bonding strength with the glass interface and easy peeling.

[0006] Therefore, this application discloses a glass with an impact-resistant coating, which has high bonding strength with the glass interface and can enhance the impact resistance of the glass while ensuring light transmittance, light weight, and low cost. It is not easy to delaminate or break under extreme impact and is suitable for high-security scenarios such as bank bulletproof glass and high-speed rail window glass. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure.

[0008] This application provides a technical solution for an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure: An impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure includes an inner glass layer, a PVB interlayer, an outer glass layer, and an impact-resistant coating. The PVB interlayer is disposed between the inner and outer glass layers, and the impact-resistant coating is disposed on the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer. The impact-resistant coating is formed by curing an impact-resistant coating material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of organosilicone ester; 13-20 parts of acrylates; 1-3 parts of nano-silica; 0.3-1.2 parts of chopped carbon fiber; 0.6-1 part of silane coupling agent; Defoamer 0.1-0.4 parts; 20-30 parts hydrochloric acid; Solvent 55-78 parts.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, a laminated glass structure is selected. The PVB interlayer film improves the impact resistance of the glass and has high light transmittance. An impact-resistant coating is applied to the surface of the outer glass layer. When an external impact acts on the glass, the impact-resistant coating can absorb part of the impact force and slow down the propagation of the shock wave through dispersion, thereby improving the impact resistance of the glass and making it less prone to delamination or breakage under extreme impact conditions.

[0010] In the raw materials of the impact-resistant coating, organosilicone esters and acrylate monomers are copolymerized and hydrolyzed together. The silica sol is modified by the acrylate, improving the light transmittance and adhesion of the cured coating. Short-cut carbon fibers and nano-silica are added and dispersed in the coating to synergistically enhance the overall strength and impact resistance of the coating. The addition of a silane coupling agent ensures more uniform dispersion of the short-cut carbon fibers and nano-silica in the coating, while also improving the adhesion between the coating and the glass. An antifoaming agent contributes to a smoother coating surface. Through the combination of raw materials, the bonding strength between the impact-resistant coating and the glass substrate is improved, thereby enhancing the impact resistance of the glass.

[0011] Preferably, the chopped carbon fibers are modified chopped carbon fibers, prepared by the following method: Short-cut carbon fibers were immersed in concentrated nitric acid, refluxed in an oil bath at 110-120℃ for 3-4 hours, repeatedly washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol until pH > 6, dried at 70-80℃, and finally equilibrated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber for 24 hours to obtain modified short-cut carbon fibers.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, concentrated nitric acid is used to treat the interface of short-cut carbon fibers, thereby enhancing the activity of the fibers. By introducing oxygen-containing functional groups to improve the interfacial bonding with silica sol, the compatibility with the coating is improved, thus enhancing the overall impact resistance.

[0013] Preferably, the acrylate is selected from one or more of methyl methacrylate, β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate.

[0014] Preferably, the organosilicone ester is selected from one or more of tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl orthosilicate, and polysilicone.

[0015] Preferably, the PVB interlayer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl butyral; Plasticizer 18-30 parts; Antioxidant 0.3-0.8 parts; 1-4 parts of nano-tin antimony oxide; 0.2-0.4 parts of 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane; 2-6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine modified nano-montmorillonite.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, nano-tin antimony oxide is added as a semiconductor nanoparticle to the raw material of the PVB interlayer. This nanoparticle has extremely low absorption of visible light, resulting in high light transmittance of the PVB interlayer. Furthermore, the nano-tin antimony oxide has heat insulation and UV protection properties. The addition of 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane prevents the aggregation of nano-tin antimony oxide, thus giving the PVB interlayer good heat resistance and UV shielding properties. The addition of cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite can interact with the PVB matrix, improving physical and mechanical properties, further limiting crack propagation, and enhancing impact resistance.

[0017] Preferably, the cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite is prepared by the following method: Add 3-6 parts of montmorillonite to 100-120 parts of deionized water, place in a constant temperature water bath at 70-80℃ and heat, stirring until a uniform suspension is formed. Dissolve 1-2.2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine in 20-25 parts of deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 10-15 min, then add it to the suspension and stir for 4-6 h. After standing, centrifuge and wash the mixture after standing, take the precipitate and place it in a vacuum drying oven at 80-85℃ for 10-12 h. Grind the dried product into powder to obtain cocamidopropyl betaine modified nano-montmorillonite.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, cocamidopropyl betaine is selected as an ionic surfactant to modify montmorillonite, thereby improving the dispersion of montmorillonite in the PVB matrix. This results in the modified montmorillonite exposing more active groups, enhancing its hydrophobicity, and improving its compatibility with PVB resin.

[0019] Preferably, the polyvinyl butyral is selected from polyvinyl butyral with a number average molecular weight of 100,000-180,000 and a hydroxyl content of 17%-19%; the plasticizer is selected from one or more of triethylene glycol diacrylate, dihexyl adipate, and triethylene glycol diisooctanoate.

[0020] Preferably, both the inner and outer glass layers are made of tempered glass.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, tempered glass has better strength and impact resistance than non-chemically strengthened glass, and the high hardness of tempered glass ensures the integrity of the overall structure of the glass after being impacted.

[0022] Preferably, the PVB interlayer is prepared by the following method: Polyvinyl butyral, antioxidant, plasticizer, nano-tin antimony oxide, 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane, and cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite are added to a mixer and stirred evenly for 12-15 minutes. The mixture is then fed into a twin-screw extruder with a die temperature of 140-150℃ and a screw temperature of 130-135℃. After casting, cooling, and winding, a PVB interlayer film is obtained.

[0023] Preferably, the impact-resistant coated glass is prepared by the following steps: The prepared PVB interlayer is cut and placed between two ultrasonically cleaned glass sheets. It is then placed in a laminating autoclave and hot-pressed. The film is evacuated and preheated for 8-10 minutes at 120-130℃ and 0.5-1MPa pressure. Then it is hot-pressed for 5-7 minutes at the same pressure and temperature. Finally, it is kept at the temperature for a period of time to obtain laminated glass. Preparation of impact-resistant coating: Stir organosilicone ester and acrylate evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4-5, heat to 60-80℃, reflux for 1-1.5h to obtain modified silica sol, mix modified silica sol, nano silica, short carbon fiber, silane coupling agent, defoamer and solvent evenly to obtain impact-resistant coating; An impact-resistant coating is applied to the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer, and then cured by heating to obtain an impact-resistant coating, thus preparing an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, through the dual means of sandwich structure and interface strengthening, glass with an inner glass layer, a PVB interlayer film, an outer glass layer and an impact-resistant coating is obtained, which makes the glass have high light transmittance, excellent impact resistance, and low cost and light weight.

[0025] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The structure of laminated glass is selected, and the impact resistance of the glass is improved by the PVB interlayer, which also has high light transmittance. An impact-resistant coating is coated on the surface of the outer glass layer. When an external impact is applied to the glass, the impact-resistant coating can absorb part of the impact force and slow down the propagation of the shock wave through dispersion, thereby improving the impact resistance of the glass and making it less prone to delamination or breakage under extreme impact conditions.

[0026] In the raw materials of the impact-resistant coating, organosilicone esters and acrylate monomers are copolymerized and hydrolyzed together. The silica sol is modified by the acrylate, improving the light transmittance and adhesion of the cured coating. Short-cut carbon fibers and nano-silica are added and dispersed in the coating to synergistically enhance the overall strength and impact resistance of the coating. The addition of a silane coupling agent ensures more uniform dispersion of the short-cut carbon fibers and nano-silica in the coating, while also improving the adhesion between the coating and the glass. An antifoaming agent contributes to a smoother coating surface. Through the combination of raw materials, the bonding strength between the impact-resistant coating and the glass substrate is improved, thereby enhancing the impact resistance of the glass.

[0027] 2. Nano-sized antimony tin oxide is added to the raw materials of the PVB interlayer as a semiconductor nanoparticle with extremely low absorption of visible light, resulting in high light transmittance of the PVB interlayer. Furthermore, nano-sized antimony tin oxide possesses heat insulation and UV protection properties. The addition of 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane prevents the aggregation of nano-sized antimony tin oxide, thus giving the PVB interlayer good heat resistance and UV shielding properties. The addition of cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite interacts with the PVB matrix, enhancing physical and mechanical properties, further limiting crack propagation, and improving impact resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact-resistant coated glass prepared according to the embodiments of this application.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Inner glass layer; 2. PVB interlayer; 3. Outer glass layer; 4. Impact-resistant coating. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail.

[0031] The short-cut carbon fiber used is PAN-based short-cut carbon fiber with an average length of 0.2mm, manufactured by Shanghai Lishuo Composite Materials Technology Co., Ltd. and graded Toray T700. The concentrated nitric acid used was from Guangdong Daxiao Chemical Co., Ltd., with a content of 69%. The montmorillonite used was calcium-based montmorillonite of brand name K-10 from Qingdao Huatai Technology Co., Ltd. The cocamidopropyl betaine used was selected from Shanghai Maclean Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., with a content of 85% cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0032] Preparation Example Preparation Example 1 Preparation of modified short-cut carbon fibers Short-cut carbon fibers with an average length of 0.2 mm were immersed in concentrated nitric acid with a mass fraction of 69%, refluxed in an oil bath at 110°C for 3 hours, repeatedly washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol until pH > 6, dried at 70°C, and finally equilibrated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber for 24 hours to obtain modified short-cut carbon fibers.

[0033] Preparation Example 2 Preparation of modified short-cut carbon fibers Short-cut carbon fibers with an average length of 0.2 mm were immersed in concentrated nitric acid with a mass fraction of 69%, refluxed in an oil bath at 120°C for 4 hours, repeatedly washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol until pH > 6, dried at 80°C, and finally placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber for 24 hours to obtain modified short-cut carbon fibers.

[0034] Preparation Example 3 Preparation of Cocamidopropyl Betaine Modified Nano-Montmorillonite Add 3 parts of montmorillonite to 100 parts of deionized water, place in a constant temperature water bath at 70℃ and heat, stirring until a uniform suspension is formed. One part of cocamidopropyl betaine was dissolved in 20 parts of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed for 10 min. Then, it was added to the suspension and stirred for 4 h. After standing, the mixture was centrifuged and washed. The precipitate was placed in a vacuum drying oven at 80℃ and dried for 10 h. The dried product was ground into powder to obtain cocamidopropyl betaine modified nano-montmorillonite.

[0035] Preparation Example 4 Preparation of Cocamidopropyl Betaine Modified Nano-Montmorillonite Add 6 parts of montmorillonite to 120 parts of deionized water, place in a constant temperature water bath at 80℃ and heat, stirring until a uniform suspension is formed. 2.2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine were dissolved in 25 parts of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed for 15 min. Then, the mixture was added to the suspension and stirred for 6 h. After standing, the mixture was centrifuged and washed. The precipitate was placed in a vacuum drying oven at 85℃ and dried for 12 h. The dried product was ground into powder to obtain cocamidopropyl betaine modified nano-montmorillonite. Example

[0036] Example 1 This embodiment discloses an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure, referring to... Figure 1 It includes an inner glass layer, a PVB interlayer, an outer glass layer, and an impact-resistant coating. The PVB interlayer is disposed between the inner and outer glass layers, and the impact-resistant coating is disposed on the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer.

[0037] The inner glass layer, PVB interlayer, and outer glass layer are made of existing laminated glass. The inner and outer glass layers are made of tempered glass. The PVB interlayer is composed of polyvinyl butyral, plasticizer, and antioxidant.

[0038] The impact-resistant coating is formed by curing an impact-resistant paint, which includes the following raw materials: 25 parts of organosilicone ester, preferably tetraethyl orthosilicate; 13 parts of acrylates, methyl methacrylate was selected; One part of nano-silica, using nano-silica with a particle size of 20-50nm; 0.3 parts of chopped carbon fiber; 0.6 parts of silane coupling agent, using silane coupling agent KH-550; 0.1 parts of defoamer, preferably silicone defoamer; 20 parts of hydrochloric acid, using a 10% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution; Solvent: 55 parts, ethanol is selected.

[0039] Impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure is prepared by the following steps: Existing laminated glass is selected, with an inner glass layer thickness of 5mm, a PVB interlayer thickness of 0.76mm, and an outer glass layer thickness of 6mm. Preparation of impact-resistant coating: Stir organosilicone ester and acrylate evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4-5, heat to 60℃, and reflux for 1 hour to obtain modified silica sol. Mix the modified silica sol, nano silica, short carbon fiber, silane coupling agent, defoamer and solvent evenly to obtain impact-resistant coating. An impact-resistant coating was applied to the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer, and then heated to 200℃ and cured for 1 hour to obtain an impact-resistant coating with a thickness of 50 μm. This process yielded an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure.

[0040] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the raw material ratio and preparation method of the impact-resistant coating are different.

[0041] In this embodiment, the impact-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials: 35 parts of organosilicone ester, with butyl orthosilicate selected; 20 parts of acrylates, with β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate as the selected ingredient; Three parts of nano-silica, using nano-silica with a particle size of 20-50nm; 1.2 parts of chopped carbon fiber; One part of silane coupling agent, silane coupling agent A151 is selected; 0.4 parts of defoamer, preferably silicone defoamer; 30 parts of hydrochloric acid, using a 10% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution; The solvent consisted of 78 parts, of which 45 parts were acetone and 33 parts were cyclohexanol.

[0042] The preparation method of impact-resistant coating is as follows: Organosilicon esters and acrylates are stirred evenly, and hydrochloric acid is added to adjust the pH of the solution to 4-5. The solution is heated to 80°C and refluxed for 1.5 hours to obtain modified silica sol. The modified silica sol, nano silica, short-cut carbon fibers, silane coupling agent, defoamer and solvent are mixed evenly to obtain impact-resistant coating.

[0043] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the raw material ratio of the impact-resistant coating and the preparation method of the impact-resistant coated glass are different.

[0044] The impact-resistant coating is formed by curing an impact-resistant paint, which includes the following raw materials: 30 parts of organosilicon ester, preferably polycarbonate; 16 parts of acrylates, including 10 parts of methyl methacrylate and 6 parts of butyl methacrylate; Two parts of nano-silica, using nano-silica with a particle size of 20-50nm; 0.8 parts of chopped carbon fiber; 0.9 parts of silane coupling agent, using silane coupling agent KH-570; 0.2 parts of defoamer, preferably polyether defoamer; 25 parts of hydrochloric acid, using a 10% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution; The solvent consisted of 67 parts, of which 50 parts were ethanol and 17 parts were isopropanol.

[0045] Impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure is prepared by the following steps: Existing laminated glass is selected, with an inner glass layer thickness of 6mm, a PVB interlayer thickness of 1.52mm, and an outer glass layer thickness of 6mm. Preparation of impact-resistant coating: Stir organosilicone ester and acrylate evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4-5, heat to 70℃, and reflux for 1 hour to obtain modified silica sol. Mix the modified silica sol, nano silica, short carbon fiber, silane coupling agent, defoamer and solvent evenly to obtain impact-resistant coating. An impact-resistant coating was applied to the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer, and then heated to 220°C and cured for 1.5 hours to obtain an impact-resistant coating with a thickness of 70 μm. This process yielded an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure.

[0046] Example 4 The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the short-cut carbon fiber in the impact-resistant coating is the modified short-cut carbon fiber prepared in Example 1.

[0047] The other components and preparation method of the impact-resistant coated glass in this embodiment are the same as those in Example 1.

[0048] Example 5 The only difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the short-cut carbon fiber in the impact-resistant coating is the modified short-cut carbon fiber prepared in Example 2.

[0049] The other components and preparation method of the impact-resistant coated glass in this embodiment are the same as those in Example 1.

[0050] Example 6 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that the PVB interlayer in the impact-resistant coated glass is different.

[0051] In this embodiment, both the inner and outer glass layers are made of tempered glass.

[0052] PVB interlayer membrane comprises the following raw materials: 80 parts of polyvinyl butyral, using polyvinyl butyral with a number average molecular weight of 100,000-180,000 and a hydroxyl content of 17%-19%. 18 parts of plasticizer, selected from triethylene glycol diacrylate; 0.3 parts antioxidant, antioxidant 1076 was selected; One part of nano-tin antimony oxide; 0.2 parts of 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane; Two portions of cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite were prepared, using the cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite obtained in Preparation Example 3.

[0053] The PVB interlayer membrane was prepared by the following method: Polyvinyl butyral, antioxidant, plasticizer, nano-tin antimony oxide, 3-isocyanate-based propyltrimethoxysilane, and cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite were added to a mixer and stirred evenly for 12 minutes. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder with a die temperature of 140°C and a screw temperature of 130°C. After casting, cooling, and winding, a PVB interlayer film was obtained.

[0054] Impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure is prepared by the following steps: The prepared PVB interlayer film is cut and placed between two ultrasonically cleaned glass sheets. It is then placed in a laminating autoclave and hot-pressed. The film is evacuated and preheated for 8 minutes at 120℃ and 0.5MPa pressure, and then hot-pressed for 5 minutes at the same pressure and temperature. Finally, it is kept warm for a period of time to obtain laminated glass. The thickness of the inner glass layer is 5 mm, the thickness of the PVB interlayer is 0.76 mm, and the thickness of the outer glass layer is 6 mm; the raw material composition, preparation method, and other structures of the remaining impact-resistant coatings are the same as in Example 4.

[0055] Example 7 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that the raw material ratio and preparation method of the PVB intermediate film are different.

[0056] PVB interlayer membrane comprises the following raw materials: 100 parts of polyvinyl butyral, using polyvinyl butyral with a number average molecular weight of 100,000-180,000 and a hydroxyl content of 17%-19%. 30 parts of plasticizer, selected from triethylene glycol diisooctanoate; 0.8 parts of antioxidant, antioxidant 1076 was selected; 4 parts of nano-tin antimony oxide; 0.4 parts of 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane; Six portions of cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite were prepared, using the cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite obtained in Preparation Example 4.

[0057] The PVB interlayer membrane was prepared by the following method: Polyvinyl butyral, antioxidant, plasticizer, nano-tin antimony oxide, 3-isocyanate-based propyltrimethoxysilane, and cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite were added to a mixer and stirred evenly for 15 minutes. The mixture was then fed into a twin-screw extruder with a die temperature of 150°C and a screw temperature of 135°C. After casting, cooling, and winding, a PVB interlayer film was obtained.

[0058] Impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure is prepared by the following steps: The prepared PVB interlayer film is cut and placed between two ultrasonically cleaned glass sheets. It is then placed in a laminating autoclave and hot-pressed. The film is then evacuated and preheated for 10 minutes at 130℃ and 1MPa pressure, followed by hot pressing for 7 minutes at the same pressure and temperature. Finally, it is kept warm for a period of time to obtain laminated glass. The raw material components, preparation methods, and other structures of the remaining impact-resistant coatings are the same as those in Example 4.

[0059] Example 8 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 6 is that the thickness of each layer in the impact-resistant coated glass is different.

[0060] In this embodiment, the thickness of the inner glass layer is 6 mm, the thickness of the PVB interlayer is 1.52 mm, the thickness of the outer glass layer is 6 mm, and the thickness of the impact-resistant coating is 70 μm.

[0061] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw material components of the impact-resistant coating are different.

[0062] In this comparative example, no acrylic esters were added to the raw material components of the impact-resistant coating.

[0063] The other components and preparation method of the impact-resistant coated glass in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the raw material components of the impact-resistant coating are different.

[0065] In this comparative example, no short-cut carbon fibers were added to the raw material components of the impact-resistant coating.

[0066] The other components and preparation method of the impact-resistant coated glass in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 1.

[0067] Performance testing The impact-resistant coated glasses prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were subjected to the following performance tests, and the results are recorded in Table 1.

[0068] Transmittance: The transmittance of laminated glass was tested using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer in accordance with GB / T 2410-2008 "Determination of transmittance and haze of transparent plastics". The test wavelength range was 200-900nm.

[0069] Impact resistance: In accordance with GB 15763.3-2009 "Safety glass for building - Part 3: Laminated glass", a steel ball with a mass of 1040g was used to impact the glass in the order of falling heights of 1200mm, 1500mm, 1900mm, 2400mm, 3000mm, 3800mm and 4800mm. The glass was observed and the damage state was recorded.

[0070] Adhesion: Tested according to the cross-cut test method of ASTM D3359-2023 to evaluate the degree of adhesion between the impact-resistant coating and the glass surface. Sample Light transmittance (%) Drop ball height (mm) Adhesion (Grade) Example 1 85 3800 damage small 1 Example 2 85 3800 damage small 1 Example 3 87 3800 Undamaged 1 Example 4 84 4800 Minor Damage 0-1 Example 5 85 4800 Minor Damage 0 Example 6 90 4800 Undamaged 0-1 Example 7 91 4800 Undamaged 0 Example 8 93 4800 Undamaged 0 Comparative Example 1 81 3800 destructive 2-3 Comparative Example 2 86 3000 small damage 1

[0071] Based on the data in the table above, the impact-resistant coated glass of Examples 1-3 has an impact-resistant coating applied to the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer. The impact-resistant coating absorbs the external impact force, and the shock wave is slowed down by the dispersion effect of nano-silica and short-cut carbon fibers, making the glass less prone to delamination or breakage under impact.

[0072] Compared to Examples 1-2, the thickness of each part of the impact-resistant coated glass in Example 3 is further increased, thereby improving the impact resistance. However, as seen in Examples 1-2, the impact-resistant coating still has good impact resistance while maintaining the light weight and small thickness of the glass.

[0073] Compared to Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-2, which did not contain acrylates or chopped carbon fibers in their impact-resistant coating raw material components, showed a significant reduction in drop height. This indicates that the modification of silica sol by acrylates and the dispersion of chopped carbon fibers have a synergistic effect on improving impact resistance. Furthermore, Comparative Example 1 showed a significant reduction in adhesion and light transmittance, indicating that by co-polymerizing and hydrolyzing acrylates and organosilicon esters, the degree of cross-linking in the coating was further improved, resulting in a smooth and dense coating that enhances light transmittance and adhesion to the glass substrate surface.

[0074] Compared to Example 1, Examples 4-5 modified the short-cut carbon fiber component in the impact-resistant coating. The activity was enhanced by interface treatment with concentrated nitric acid, which made the short-cut carbon fiber more uniformly dispersed in the silica sol and improved the overall compatibility of the coating. This made it more effective for the short-cut carbon fiber to enhance the coating strength and further improve the impact resistance.

[0075] Compared to Example 4, Examples 6-7 did not use existing laminated glass and PVB interlayers. Instead, they used PVB interlayers formulated with specific raw material compositions, incorporating nano-antimony tin oxide, 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane, and cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite. This further improved the impact resistance and light transmittance of the impact-resistant coated glass. Nano-antimony tin oxide, as UV-resistant nanoparticles, has low visible light absorption, thus increasing the transmittance of visible light entering the PVB interlayer and improving the glass's light transmittance. After modification with cocamidopropyl betaine, the active groups of the nano-montmorillonite are exposed, allowing for better dispersion within the PVB matrix and promoting the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of the PVB interlayer. Therefore, the PVB interlayer can absorb the remaining impact energy after the glass is impacted, preventing glass breakage.

[0076] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this specific embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure, characterized in that: It includes an inner glass layer, a PVB interlayer, an outer glass layer, and an impact-resistant coating. The PVB interlayer is disposed between the inner and outer glass layers. The impact-resistant coating is disposed on the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer. The impact-resistant coating is formed by curing an impact-resistant coating material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of organosilicone ester; 13-20 parts of acrylates; 1-3 parts of nano-silica; 0.3-1.2 parts of chopped carbon fiber; 0.6-1 part of silane coupling agent; Defoamer 0.1-0.4 parts; 20-30 parts hydrochloric acid; Solvent 55-78 parts.

2. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chopped carbon fibers are modified chopped carbon fibers and prepared by the following method: Short-cut carbon fibers were immersed in concentrated nitric acid, refluxed in an oil bath at 110-120℃ for 3-4 hours, repeatedly washed with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol until pH > 6, dried at 70-80℃, and finally equilibrated in a constant temperature and humidity chamber for 24 hours to obtain modified short-cut carbon fibers.

3. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acrylates are selected from one or more of methyl methacrylate, β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and butyl methacrylate.

4. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organosilicone ester is selected from one or more of tetraethyl orthosilicate, tetrabutyl orthosilicate, and polysilicone.

5. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVB interlayer membrane comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl butyral; Plasticizer 18-30 parts; Antioxidant 0.3-0.8 parts; 1-4 parts of nano-tin antimony oxide; 0.2-0.4 parts of 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane; 2-6 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine modified nano-montmorillonite.

6. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite was prepared by the following method: Add 3-6 parts of montmorillonite to 100-120 parts of deionized water, place in a constant temperature water bath at 70-80℃ and heat, stirring until a uniform suspension is formed. Dissolve 1-2.2 parts of cocamidopropyl betaine in 20-25 parts of deionized water, ultrasonically disperse for 10-15 min, then add it to the suspension and stir for 4-6 h. After standing, centrifuge and wash the mixture after standing, take the precipitate and place it in a vacuum drying oven at 80-85℃ for 10-12 h. Grind the dried product into powder to obtain cocamidopropyl betaine modified nano-montmorillonite.

7. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Polyvinyl butyral is selected from polyvinyl butyral with a number average molecular weight of 100,000-180,000 and a hydroxyl content of 17%-19%; plasticizers are selected from one or more of triethylene glycol diacrylate, dihexyl adipate, and triethylene glycol diisooctanoate.

8. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inner and outer glass layers are made of tempered glass.

9. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PVB interlayer membrane was prepared by the following method: Polyvinyl butyral, antioxidant, plasticizer, nano-tin antimony oxide, 3-isocyanate-propyltrimethoxysilane, and cocamidopropyl betaine-modified nano-montmorillonite are added to a mixer and stirred evenly for 12-15 minutes. The mixture is then fed into a twin-screw extruder with a die temperature of 140-150℃ and a screw temperature of 130-135℃. After casting, cooling, and winding, a PVB interlayer film is obtained.

10. The impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Impact-resistant coated glass is prepared by the following steps: The prepared PVB interlayer is cut and placed between two ultrasonically cleaned glass sheets. It is then placed in a laminating autoclave and hot-pressed. The film is evacuated and preheated for 8-10 minutes at 120-130℃ and 0.5-1MPa pressure. Then it is hot-pressed for 5-7 minutes at the same pressure and temperature. Finally, it is kept at the temperature for a period of time to obtain laminated glass. Preparation of impact-resistant coating: Stir organosilicone ester and acrylate evenly, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4-5, heat to 60-80℃, reflux for 1-1.5h to obtain modified silica sol, mix modified silica sol, nano silica, short carbon fiber, silane coupling agent, defoamer and solvent evenly to obtain impact-resistant coating; An impact-resistant coating is applied to the surface of the outer glass layer away from the PVB interlayer, and then cured by heating to obtain an impact-resistant coating, thus preparing an impact-resistant coated glass based on a double-layer glass structure.

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