Manufacturing method of artificial turf with anti-static and anti-dust surface pattern layer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lawn design, in particular to a manufacturing method of an artificial lawn with an anti-static and anti-dust surface pattern layer. Comprising the following steps: pretreatment of a base material: carrying out surface activation on a polyethylene / polypropylene blended artificial grass base material by adopting dual-frequency oxygen plasma under the conditions that the frequency of a high-frequency power supply is 13.56 MHz and the power is 400W, the frequency of a low-frequency power supply is 2MHz and the power is 800W, the oxygen partial pressure of a treatment chamber is 0.8-1.2 Pa and the treatment time is 120 + / -10 seconds, so as to obtain an activated layer with the surface hydroxyl content of 18-22%; synthesis of self-repairing hydrogel: mixing a 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and a 7wt% polyacrylic acid solution according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, adding a 0.8 wt% pentaerythritol ester cross-linking agent, doping amination modified graphene quantum dots until the concentration is 1.2 mg / mL, initiating polymerization by adopting ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 365nm and the strength of 25mW / cm in a nitrogen atmosphere, and applying a 0.3 T magnetic field in the reaction process to enable the quantum dots to be directionally arranged; the problems that a single-function coating cannot meet the requirements for water permeability and static electricity resistance, and the static electricity elimination technology is high in energy consumption and poor in durability can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lawn design technology, and specifically to a method for manufacturing artificial turf with an antistatic and dust-resistant surface coating. Background Technology

[0002] Artificial turf has been widely used in sports venues and public landscapes due to its advantages such as strong weather resistance and low maintenance costs. However, traditional artificial turf is prone to accumulating static charge over long-term use, leading to problems such as dust adsorption and reduced water permeability, which are particularly prominent in environments with frequent humidity changes.

[0003] In existing technologies, conductive coatings or antistatic agents are typically used to improve antistatic performance. However, these methods have significant drawbacks: First, the bonding strength between the substrate and the coating interface is insufficient, making it prone to peeling under mechanical stress or temperature differences, resulting in poor coating durability. Industry test data shows that after 500 wear cycles, the surface resistivity of conventional coatings fluctuates by more than ±30%, and the antistatic performance is severely degraded. Second, single-function coatings cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of water permeability and conductivity. For example, while highly conductive fillers can improve the antistatic effect, they can clog water permeability channels, causing a decrease in water permeability of more than 40%. Third, static elimination often relies on a uniform electric field design, which not only consumes a lot of energy but also has low efficiency in dissipating charges in edge areas. Actual measurements show that the charge decay time at the edge can be more than three times that of the central area. In addition, existing surface treatment processes have limited activation effects on the substrate. Although conventional plasma treatment can increase surface energy, the activation layer thickness is insufficient, and the density of hydroxyl functional groups is low, making it difficult to form stable chemical bonds with functional coatings.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need to develop a new artificial turf manufacturing technology that can enhance the bonding strength between the substrate and coating interfaces, achieve synergistic optimization of water permeability and antistatic performance, and construct an efficient and durable static elimination system. This would break through existing technological bottlenecks and meet the long-term use requirements in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and to propose a method for manufacturing artificial turf with an antistatic and dust-resistant surface coating, comprising: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This application discloses a method for manufacturing artificial turf with an antistatic and dust-resistant surface coating, comprising the following steps: S1: Substrate pretreatment: The surface of the polyethylene / polypropylene blend artificial grass fiber substrate is activated by dual-frequency oxygen plasma. The high-frequency power supply is 13.56MHz and 400W, the low-frequency power supply is 2MHz and 800W, the oxygen partial pressure in the treatment chamber is 0.8-1.2Pa, and the treatment time is 120±10 seconds, to obtain an activated layer with a surface hydroxyl content of 18%-22%. S2: Synthesis of self-healing hydrogel: 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and 7wt% polyacrylic acid solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1, 0.8wt% pentaerythritol crosslinking agent was added, and aminated graphene quantum dots were incorporated to a concentration of 1.2mg / mL. Polymerization was initiated by ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365nm and an intensity of 25mW / cm² under a nitrogen atmosphere. During the reaction, a magnetic field of 0.3T was applied to orient the quantum dots. S3: Gradient Spraying Process: Utilizing a dual-channel high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, the main channel has a spraying voltage of 22kV and an atomization pressure of 0.5MPa, while the secondary channel has a voltage of 18kV and an atomization pressure of 0.3MPa. The substrate is preheated to 55℃, and the spraying distance is 22cm, forming a functional layer with a thickness of 0.16±0.02mm. After curing, the water permeability is ≥2300g / m³. 2 ·24h; S4: Construction of electrostatic elimination structure: Laser etching of microchannels with a width of 50μm and a depth of 15μm on the coating surface, filling the channels with silver / zinc oxide / carbon nanotube composite conductive paste to form an electrode array, with an adjacent electrode spacing of 6mm, and applying a third-order gradient voltage of 1.2kV / mm-0.5kV / mm. S5: Multifunctional layer composite: A 20μm thick pH-responsive layer, a 15μm hydrophobic layer, and a 10μm wear-resistant layer are coated sequentially, and the layers are chemically bonded by ultraviolet irradiation; The pH-responsive layer is made of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid); the hydrophobic layer is made of polydimethylsiloxane-grafted nano-silica; the wear-resistant layer is composed of carbon nanotubes / nanocellulose in a mass ratio of 1:3. Preferably, the dual-frequency plasma treatment in S1 adopts an intermittent pulse mode with a pulse width of 50ms and an interval of 10ms. After treatment, the contact angle of the substrate surface decreases from 110° to 35°, the surface energy is increased to more than 65mN / m, and the intensity of the C-OH bond characteristic peak is increased by 3.2 times as detected by XPS.

[0006] A further preferred method for preparing amino-based graphene quantum dots in S2 includes: placing graphene oxide quantum dots in an NMP solution containing 1.5 wt% ethylenediamine, reacting at 80°C for 6 hours, and obtaining quantum dots with a surface amino density of 3.8 ± 0.2 mmol / g after dialysis purification, and their hydrogen bonding energy with polyvinyl alcohol reaching -12.3 kJ / mol.

[0007] In a further preferred embodiment, in the gradient spraying process of S3, the viscosity of the coating in the main channel is controlled at 350±20 mPa·s, and the viscosity in the secondary channel is adjusted to 220±15 mPa·s. The gradient cross-linking density structure inside the coating is controlled by the dual-channel flow ratio of 3:1, with a surface cross-linking degree of 62%-65% and a bottom layer cross-linking degree of 55%-58%.

[0008] More preferably, the composite conductive paste in S4 comprises 65wt% silver powder with a particle size of 1-3μm, 20wt% zinc oxide nanowires with an aspect ratio ≥50, 10wt% carboxylated carbon nanotubes with a length of 10-15μm, and 5wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone binder, and has a resistivity ≤1×10 after ball milling. -4 Ω·cm.

[0009] Further preferably, the pH-responsive layer is prepared using microfluidic technology, achieving precise mixing of the copolymer solution and crosslinking agent within a microchannel with a diameter of 200 μm. The resulting responsive layer exhibits a swelling ratio change rate of 420% within a pH range of 5.5-7.5, with a response time ≤30 seconds. The copolymer solution contains 85 mol% NIPAM and 15 mol% acrylic acid. The crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment of the grafting process of nano-silica in the hydrophobic layer includes: dispersing SiO2 with a particle size of 25 nm in an ethanol solution containing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, wherein the concentration of the ethanol solution is 2 wt%, and after microwave-assisted treatment for 5 minutes, reacting it with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane at 120°C for 2 hours, resulting in a material with a water contact angle of 158° and a roll-off angle ≤5°.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment, the carbon nanotubes in the wear-resistant layer are subjected to mixed acid oxidation treatment for 4 hours. The mixed acid is prepared in a ratio of sulfuric acid to concentrated nitric acid of 3:1, with a surface carboxyl content of 6.8 wt%. The carbon nanotubes are bonded to the nanocellulose through an esterification reaction, and the interfacial shear strength reaches 45 MPa.

[0012] Further preferred embodiments include a self-healing performance activation system: a mesh-like heating element woven from silver nanowires is embedded inside the coating, which can raise the local temperature to 65±2℃ within 45 seconds after being powered on, and combined with the dynamic exchange reaction of disulfide bonds, the scratch repair rate is ≥95%.

[0013] Further optimized, after S5, a performance enhancement treatment is performed: a femtosecond laser is used to prepare a biomimetic microstructure with a period of 50 μm on the coating surface, reducing the surface dust adhesion to 0.05 N / cm. 2 While maintaining a water permeability of ≥2000g / m 2 ·24h.

[0014] The above technical solution employs the following: Oxygen plasma pretreatment, followed by treatment with 800-1200W power, forms a hydroxyl-activated layer on the surface of the polyethylene / polypropylene substrate, increasing coating adhesion to 1.2MPa and resolving the problem of insufficient interfacial bonding between the substrate and coating, leading to easy peeling. Furthermore, a dual-network structure (polyvinyl alcohol / polyacrylic acid) and dynamic disulfide bond crosslinking are used to improve scratch repair rate. A 0.5-1.2kV / mm gradient electric field is constructed, and directional ion migration shortens the surface charge decay time to 5 seconds. This solution addresses the issues of single-function coatings failing to simultaneously meet water permeability and antistatic requirements, as well as the high energy consumption and poor durability of static elimination processes. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing artificial turf with an antistatic and dust-resistant surface coating, as described in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods have been omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0018] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0019] Please see Figure 1 Traditional antistatic coatings for artificial turf suffer from the following technical defects: insufficient adhesion between the substrate and the coating interface leads to easy peeling; single-function coatings cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of water permeability and antistatic properties; and the static elimination process is energy-intensive and has poor durability. This application discloses a method for manufacturing artificial turf with an antistatic and dust-resistant surface layer, including the following steps: S1: Substrate pretreatment: The surface of the polyethylene / polypropylene blend artificial grass fiber substrate is activated by dual-frequency oxygen plasma. The high-frequency power supply is 13.56MHz and 400W, the low-frequency power supply is 2MHz and 800W, the oxygen partial pressure in the treatment chamber is 0.8-1.2Pa, and the treatment time is 120±10 seconds, to obtain an activated layer with a surface hydroxyl content of 18%-22%. S2: Synthesis of self-healing hydrogel: A 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and a 7wt% polyacrylic acid solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:1. 0.8wt% pentaerythritol ester crosslinking agent was added, and aminated modified graphene quantum dots were incorporated to a concentration of 1.2 mg / mL. The mixture was then synthesized under a nitrogen atmosphere using a wavelength of 365 nm and an intensity of 25 mW / cm². 2 The polymerization was initiated by ultraviolet light, and a 0.3T magnetic field was applied during the reaction to orient the quantum dots. S3: Gradient Spraying Process: Utilizing a dual-channel high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, the main channel has a spraying voltage of 22kV and an atomization pressure of 0.5MPa, while the secondary channel has a voltage of 18kV and an atomization pressure of 0.3MPa. The substrate is preheated to 55℃, and the spraying distance is 22cm, forming a functional layer with a thickness of 0.16±0.02mm. After curing, the water permeability is ≥2300g / m³. 2 ·24h; S4: Construction of electrostatic elimination structure: Laser etching of microchannels with a width of 50μm and a depth of 15μm on the coating surface, filling the channels with silver / zinc oxide / carbon nanotube composite conductive paste to form an electrode array, with an adjacent electrode spacing of 6mm, and applying a third-order gradient voltage of 1.2kV / mm-0.5kV / mm. S5: Multifunctional layer composite: A 20μm thick pH-responsive layer, a 15μm hydrophobic layer, and a 10μm wear-resistant layer are coated sequentially, and the layers are chemically bonded by ultraviolet irradiation; The pH-responsive layer is made of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid); the hydrophobic layer is made of polydimethylsiloxane-grafted nano-silica; and the wear-resistant layer is composed of carbon nanotubes / nanocellulose in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0020] The above technical content involves the following technical solutions: Oxygen plasma pretreatment: by treating with 800-1200W power, a hydroxyl activated layer (hydroxyl content ≥15%) is formed on the surface of polyethylene / polypropylene substrate, which improves the coating adhesion to 1.2MPa (ASTM D4541 standard).

[0021] Self-healing hydrogel design: It adopts a dual network structure (polyvinyl alcohol / polyacrylic acid) and dynamic disulfide bond crosslinking, achieving a scratch repair rate of 93% within 30 minutes at 60°C (ASTM D968 test).

[0022] Gradient voltage electrostatic elimination: Construct a gradient electric field of 0.5-1.2kV / mm, and shorten the surface charge decay time to 5 seconds through directional ion migration (IEC 61340 standard requires ≤30 seconds).

[0023] It is worth mentioning that this design has the following technical effects: Interface bonding strength: The peel strength between the plasma-treated substrate and the coating reaches 45 N / cm (only 18 N / cm for the untreated substrate).

[0024] Permeability-Antistatic Balance: Permeability 2200g / m 2 • After 24 hours, the surface resistivity stabilized at 1×10⁻⁶. 5 -3×10 6 Ω / sq (conventional technology permeability ≥2000g / m²) 2 When resistivity > 1×10 7 Ω / sq).

[0025] Energy consumption optimization: Gradient voltage design reduces electrostatic discharge energy consumption by 62%.

[0026] Single-frequency plasma treatment suffers from uneven activation. While high-frequency plasma (e.g., 13.56 MHz) can generate high-density active particles, its penetration depth is insufficient (<50 nm); low-frequency plasma (e.g., 2 MHz) has a strong ion bombardment effect but is prone to damaging the substrate. Therefore, the dual-frequency plasma treatment in S1 employs an intermittent pulse mode with a pulse width of 50 ms and an interval of 10 ms. After treatment, the surface contact angle of the substrate decreases from 110° to 35°, the surface energy increases to over 65 mN / m, and XPS analysis shows a 3.2-fold increase in the intensity of the C-OH bond characteristic peak.

[0027] The above technical content involves the following technical solutions: Dual-frequency synergy: High-frequency (13.56MHz) generation , Highly active particles enhance surface hydroxylation efficiency; low-frequency (2MHz) ion bombardment enables activation depth up to 150nm (single-frequency treatment only 80nm).

[0028] Pulse mode control: 50ms pulse width and 10ms interval period to avoid substrate temperature exceeding 80℃ (substrate melting point 130℃).

[0029] It is worth mentioning that this embodiment has the following technical effects: Activated layer performance: Surface hydroxyl content reaches 18-22% (up to 15% with single-frequency treatment), and the contact angle is reduced from 110° to 35°.

[0030] Thermal damage control: The surface temperature of the substrate is stable at 65±5℃, with no thermal deformation.

[0031] Enhanced binding strength: XPS analysis showed that the intensity of the C-OH bond characteristic peak increased by 3.2 times, and the interfacial shear strength reached 52 MPa (compared to only 38 MPa in single-frequency processing).

[0032] Traditional graphene quantum dots (GQDs) tend to aggregate in polymer matrices, leading to discontinuous conductive networks (resistivity fluctuations > ±25%). Based on this, the preparation method of amino-based graphene quantum dots in S2 includes: placing graphene oxide quantum dots in an NMP solution containing 1.5 wt% ethylenediamine, reacting at 80°C for 6 hours, and purifying by dialysis to obtain quantum dots with a surface amino density of 3.8 ± 0.2 mmol / g, whose hydrogen bonding energy with polyvinyl alcohol reaches -12.3 kJ / mol.

[0033] The above technical content involves the following technical solutions: Aminoation modification: Grafting with ethylenediamine increases the amino density on the surface of GQDs to 3.8 ± 0.2 mmol / g, and enhances the hydrogen bonding energy with polyvinyl alcohol to -12.3 kJ / mol (molecular dynamics simulation).

[0034] Magnetically controlled directional alignment: Under a 0.3T magnetic field, quantum dots align along the direction of the magnetic field to form an anisotropic conductive network.

[0035] It is worth mentioning that this application has the following technical effects: Dispersion stability: Quantum dot aggregates are ≤50nm in size, while unmodified GQDs aggregate to 200nm.

[0036] Electrical conductivity: 12 S / m in the parallel direction and 3 S / m in the perpendicular direction, with resistivity fluctuation reduced to ±5%.

[0037] Self-healing synergy: Quantum dots act as physical cross-linking points, enabling a conductivity recovery rate of >95% after repair.

[0038] Traditional spraying processes suffer from uneven coating thickness (±0.05mm deviation) and a contradiction between water permeability and conductivity. Therefore, in the gradient spraying process of S3, the viscosity of the coating in the main channel is controlled at 350±20 mPa·s, and the viscosity in the secondary channel is adjusted to 220±15 mPa·s. By using a 3:1 flow ratio between the two channels, a gradient cross-linking density structure is formed within the coating, with a surface cross-linking degree of 62%-65% and a bottom layer cross-linking degree of 55%-58%.

[0039] The above technical content involves the following technical solutions: Precise parameter control: The combination of spray gun distance of 20-25cm, atomization pressure of 0.4-0.6MPa, and substrate temperature of 50-55℃ ensures that the coating thickness deviation is ≤±0.01mm.

[0040] Gradient viscosity design: main channel coating viscosity 350±20mPa·s (high cross-linking density surface layer), secondary channel 220±15mPa·s (low cross-linking density bottom layer).

[0041] It is worth mentioning that the technical effects of this solution include: It can guarantee coating uniformity: achieving a thickness CV value (coefficient of variation) of <3%.

[0042] Achieving synergistic water permeability and conductivity: Surface cross-linking degree 62-65% (water permeability 2200g / m²) 2 The bottom layer has a resistivity of 55-58% (1×10⁻⁶). 5 Ω / sq).

[0043] Orientation effect: Preheating of the substrate causes the polymer chains to align along the axial direction of the grass fibers, increasing tensile strength by 18%.

[0044] Traditional uniform voltage fields are difficult to achieve large-area electrostatic elimination and are prone to damaging the coating. Therefore, the composite conductive paste in S4 consists of 65wt% silver powder with a particle size of 1-3μm, 20wt% zinc oxide nanowires with an aspect ratio ≥50, 10wt% carboxylated carbon nanotubes with a length of 10-15μm, and 5wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone binder. After ball milling, the resistivity is ≤1×10⁻⁶. -4 Ω·cm.

[0045] This scheme can construct a three-gradient voltage with three-order gradient voltages: 1.2kV / mm (high charge region) → 0.8kV / mm (transition region) → 0.5kV / mm (edge ​​region), and the width ratio of each region is 1:2:3. It also provides a silver / zinc oxide composite electrode, where silver powder ensures conductivity and zinc oxide nanowires provide mechanical flexibility.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that this solution can improve the efficiency of electrostatic elimination, achieving a charge decay time of ≤8 seconds across the entire area and a 300% increase in efficiency at the edge area; ensure breakdown resistance performance, with a gradient design that makes the local field strength ≤1.2kV / mm; and ensure environmental adaptability: at 90%RH humidity, the electrode resistivity fluctuation is ≤±5%.

[0047] The pH-responsive layer was prepared using microfluidic technology, achieving precise mixing of the copolymer solution and crosslinking agent within a 200 μm diameter microchannel. The resulting responsive layer exhibited a swelling ratio change rate of 420% within a pH range of 5.5-7.5, with a response time ≤30 seconds. The copolymer solution contained 85 mol% NIPAM and 15 mol% acrylic acid. The crosslinking agent was N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide.

[0048] Conventional pure PDMS hydrophobic layers have a contact angle of only 120° and poor wear resistance; the contact angle decreases after repeated friction. Therefore, the grafting process of nano-silica into the hydrophobic layer includes: dispersing 25nm SiO2 particles in an ethanol solution containing 2wt% 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; after microwave-assisted treatment for 5 minutes, reacting with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane at 120°C for 2 hours; the resulting material has a water contact angle of 158° and a roll-off angle ≤5°. It is worth noting that this solution provides a nano-SiO2 grafting and microwave-assisted modification process, achieving a contact angle of 158°, a roll-off angle of 5°, and improved wear resistance to a contact angle ≥150° after 3000 friction cycles.

[0049] Traditional designs often suffer from weak interfacial bonding between carbon nanotubes and cellulose, resulting in low reinforcement efficiency. Therefore, this design employs a mixed acid oxidation treatment of carbon nanotubes in the wear-resistant layer for 4 hours. The mixed acid is prepared with a sulfuric acid:concentrated nitric acid ratio of 3:1, achieving a surface carboxyl group content of 6.8 wt%. The carbon nanotubes are then bonded to the nanocellulose through an esterification reaction, achieving an interfacial shear strength of 45 MPa. Notably, this application utilizes a mixed acid oxidation treatment combined with esterification bonding; this process achieves an interfacial shear strength of 45 MPa and a wear resistance index of 8.2 × 10³ rpm.

[0050] It also includes a self-healing performance activation system: a grid-like heating element woven from silver nanowires is embedded inside the coating. When powered on, it can raise the local temperature to 65±2℃ within 45 seconds, and combined with the dynamic exchange reaction of disulfide bonds, the scratch repair rate is ≥95%.

[0051] After S5 is completed, a performance enhancement treatment is carried out: a femtosecond laser is used to prepare a biomimetic microstructure with a period of 50μm on the coating surface, which reduces the surface dust adhesion to 0.05N / cm², while maintaining a water permeability of ≥2000g / m²·24h.

[0052] Detailed implementation method: Example 1: Preparation of Artificial Turf with Antistatic and Dust-Repellent Surface Coating Step 1: Substrate Pretreatment Artificial grass fiber substrate prepared by blending polyethylene (70wt%) and polypropylene (30wt%) was placed in a dual-frequency plasma treatment device: High-frequency power supply parameters: frequency 13.56MHz, power 400W Low-frequency power supply parameters: frequency 2MHz, power 800W Processing chamber parameters: oxygen partial pressure 1.0 Pa, temperature 25±3℃, processing time 120 seconds. The hydroxyl content on the surface of the treated substrate reached 18.5% (XPS detection of C-OH bond percentage), the contact angle decreased from the initial 110° to 32°, and the surface energy increased to 68mN / m (GB / T 24368 standard test).

[0053] Step 2: Preparation of self-healing hydrogel (1) Mix 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA1788 type) aqueous solution and 7wt% polyacrylic acid (PAA, Mw=250kDa) aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 3:1; (2) Add 0.8% of the total mass of the mixture of pentaerythritol tetrakis(3-mercaptopropionic acid) crosslinking agent; (3) Incorporation of aminated modified graphene quantum dots (GQDs): Preparation method: Graphene oxide quantum dots (particle size 3-5 nm) were dispersed in N-methylpyrrolidone solution containing 1.5 wt% ethylenediamine, reacted at 80 °C for 6 hours, and purified by dialysis to obtain quantum dots with a surface amino density of 3.6 mmol / g. Added concentration: 1.2 mg / mL, the hydrogen bonding energy between quantum dots and PVA is -12.1 kJ / mol (molecular dynamics simulation). (4) Under a nitrogen atmosphere, the polymerization reaction was initiated by irradiating with ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 365 nm and an intensity of 25 mW / cm² for 30 minutes.

[0054] Step 3: Electrostatic spraying of functional coating Using a dual-channel high-voltage electrostatic spraying equipment (Nordson EFD, model 781S): Main channel parameters: voltage 22kV, atomization pressure 0.5MPa, coating viscosity 350mPa·s (measured by Brookfield DV2T viscometer); Secondary channel parameters: voltage 18kV, atomization pressure 0.3MPa, coating viscosity 220mPa·s; The substrate preheating temperature is 55℃, the spraying distance is 22cm, and the coating thickness is 0.16±0.01mm; Water permeability test after curing: 2280g / m 2 • 24h (GB / T 12704.1 standard), surface resistivity 2.3×10 6 Ω / sq (ASTM D257 standard).

[0055] Step 4: Static Electricity Elimination Process (1) A picosecond laser (wavelength 355nm, pulse width 10ps) was used to etch microchannels with a width of 50μm and a depth of 15μm on the coating surface, with a channel spacing of 6mm; (2) Filled with silver / zinc oxide composite conductive paste (formulation: 65wt% silver powder, 20wt% ZnO nanowires, 10wt% carboxylated carbon nanotubes, 5wt% PVP binder), resistivity 9.8×10 -5 Ω·cm; (3) Apply three-order gradient voltage: 1.2kV / mm (width 10mm) for high charge region, 0.8kV / mm (width 20mm) for transition region, and 0.5kV / mm (width 30mm) for edge region. The charge decay time is ≤8 seconds (IEC 61340-4-1 standard test).

[0056] Step 5: Multi-layer structure construction (1) pH-responsive layer coating: Material: Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) copolymer (NIPAM:AA=85:15mol%); Process: Microfluidic spraying (microchannel diameter 200μm), thickness 20μm, crosslinking degree 45%; Performance: Swelling change rate of 385% at pH 5.5-7.5, response time of 28 seconds.

[0057] (2) Preparation of hydrophobic layer: Nano-sized SiO2 (25 nm particle size) and APTES silane coupling agent (2 wt%) were mixed in ethanol and microwaved (300 W, 5 minutes). Grafting reaction with hydroxyl-terminated PDMS (viscosity 1000 cSt) at a mass ratio of 1:1.5 resulted in a coating thickness of 15 μm. Performance: Contact angle 157°, roll-off angle 4.5°, wear resistance (contact angle ≥150° after 3000 cycles of friction).

[0058] (3) Wear-resistant layer composite: Carbon nanotubes (treated with mixed acid oxidation, with a carboxyl content of 6.5 wt%) and nanocellulose (fiber diameter 15 nm) were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:3. The interfacial shear strength is 46 MPa (ISO 4587 standard), and the tensile strength is 58 MPa (GB / T 1040.2 standard).

[0059] Step 6: Secondary cross-linking and quantum dot orientation (1) Irradiate with ultraviolet light at a wavelength of 305 nm for 30 minutes to induce deep cross-linking of the PVA / PAA network; (2) Apply a 0.5T gradient magnetic field (N pole → S pole direction) to align the quantum dots along the magnetic field direction, and the anisotropic conductivity ratio reaches 4.2:1 (12.3 S / m in the parallel direction and 2.9 S / m in the perpendicular direction).

[0060] Step 7: Activate self-healing performance (1) Embedded silver nanowire heating network (wire diameter 80nm, mesh density 100 mesh), resistance value 2.8Ω / sq; (2) Power-on test: Under 12V voltage, the temperature rises to 65℃ in 60 seconds, and the repair rate of 3mm wide scratches is 95% within 30 minutes (ASTM D968 standard).

[0061] Example 2: Gradient Voltage Optimization Test The gradient voltage in step 4 was adjusted to a fourth-order distribution (1.5kV / mm→1.0kV / mm→0.7kV / mm→0.3kV / mm), and the electrode material was changed to Ag / CNT composite rubber (Ag 70wt%, CNT 25wt%, PTFE 5wt%). The charge decay time in the edge region was shortened to 6 seconds, and the maximum local field strength was 1.3kV / mm (below the coating breakdown threshold of 1.5kV / mm).

[0062] Example 3: Biocompatibility Verification (1) Cytotoxicity test according to ISO 10993 standard: The relative proliferation rate of hydrogel extract against L929 mouse fibroblasts was 98.4% (grade 0). (2) Skin sensitization test (GPMT method): sensitization rate 0% (0.2% in negative control group), which meets the requirements of YY / T 0127.10.

[0063] This solution can address the problem that existing system hardware architecture cannot meet real-time and security requirements.

[0064] Unless otherwise specified, the equipment components involved in the above embodiments are all conventional equipment components, and the connection methods and control methods involved are all conventional connection methods and control methods unless otherwise specified.

[0065] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various specific parameters in the above embodiments can be changed to form multiple specific embodiments, all of which are common variations of the present invention, and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing artificial turf with an antistatic and dust-resistant surface coating, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Substrate pretreatment: The surface of the polyethylene / polypropylene blend artificial grass fiber substrate is activated by dual-frequency oxygen plasma. The high-frequency power supply is 13.56MHz and 400W, the low-frequency power supply is 2MHz and 800W, the oxygen partial pressure in the treatment chamber is 0.8-1.2Pa, and the treatment time is 120±10 seconds, to obtain an activated layer with a surface hydroxyl content of 18%-22%. S2: Synthesis of self-healing hydrogel: A 10wt% polyvinyl alcohol solution and a 7wt% polyacrylic acid solution were mixed at a mass ratio of 3:

1. 0.8wt% pentaerythritol ester crosslinking agent was added, and aminated modified graphene quantum dots were incorporated to a concentration of 1.2 mg / mL. The mixture was then synthesized under a nitrogen atmosphere using a wavelength of 365 nm and an intensity of 25 mW / cm². 2 The polymerization was initiated by ultraviolet light, and a 0.3T magnetic field was applied during the reaction to orient the quantum dots. S3: Gradient Spraying Process: Utilizing a dual-channel high-voltage electrostatic spraying system, the main channel has a spraying voltage of 22kV and an atomization pressure of 0.5MPa, while the secondary channel has a voltage of 18kV and an atomization pressure of 0.3MPa. The substrate is preheated to 55℃, and the spraying distance is 22cm, forming a functional layer with a thickness of 0.16±0.02mm. After curing, the water permeability is ≥2300g / m³. 2 ·24h; S4: Construction of electrostatic elimination structure: Laser etching of microchannels with a width of 50μm and a depth of 15μm on the coating surface, filling the channels with silver / zinc oxide / carbon nanotube composite conductive paste to form an electrode array, with an adjacent electrode spacing of 6mm, and applying a third-order gradient voltage of 1.2kV / mm-0.5kV / mm. S5: Multifunctional layer composite: A 20μm thick pH-responsive layer, a 15μm hydrophobic layer, and a 10μm wear-resistant layer are coated sequentially, and the layers are chemically bonded by ultraviolet irradiation; The pH-responsive layer is made of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid); the hydrophobic layer is made of polydimethylsiloxane-grafted nano-silica; and the wear-resistant layer is composed of carbon nanotubes / nanocellulose in a mass ratio of 1:

3.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual-frequency plasma treatment in S1 uses an intermittent pulse mode with a pulse width of 50ms and an interval of 10ms. After treatment, the contact angle of the substrate surface decreased from 110° to 35°, the surface energy increased to over 65mN / m, and XPS detected a 3.2-fold increase in the intensity of the C-OH bond characteristic peak.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of S2 amino graphene quantum dots includes: placing graphene oxide quantum dots in an NMP solution containing 1.5 wt% ethylenediamine, reacting at 80 °C for 6 hours, and obtaining quantum dots with a surface amino density of 3.8 ± 0.2 mmol / g after dialysis purification, and their hydrogen bonding energy with polyvinyl alcohol reaching -12.3 kJ / mol.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the gradient spraying process of S3, the viscosity of the coating in the main channel is controlled at 350±20mPa·s, and the viscosity in the secondary channel is adjusted to 220±15mPa·s. The gradient cross-linking density structure inside the coating is controlled by the dual-channel flow ratio of 3:1, with a surface cross-linking degree of 62%-65% and a bottom layer cross-linking degree of 55%-58%.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite conductive paste in S4 consists of 65wt% silver powder with a particle size of 1-3μm, 20wt% zinc oxide nanowires with an aspect ratio ≥50, 10wt% carboxylated carbon nanotubes with a length of 10-15μm, and 5wt% polyvinylpyrrolidone binder. After ball milling, the resistivity is ≤1×10⁻⁶. -4 Ω·cm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pH-responsive layer was prepared using microfluidic technology, achieving precise mixing of the copolymer solution and crosslinking agent within a 200 μm diameter microchannel. The resulting responsive layer exhibited a swelling ratio change rate of 420% within a pH range of 5.5-7.5, with a response time ≤30 seconds. The copolymer solution contained 85 mol% NIPAM and 15 mol% acrylic acid. The crosslinking agent was N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grafting process of nano-silica in the hydrophobic layer includes: dispersing SiO2 with a particle size of 25 nm in an ethanol solution containing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, wherein the concentration of the ethanol solution is 2 wt%, and after microwave-assisted treatment for 5 minutes, reacting it with hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane at 120 °C for 2 hours. The resulting material has a water contact angle of 158° and a roll-off angle of ≤5°.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon nanotubes in the wear-resistant layer are subjected to mixed acid oxidation treatment for 4 hours. The mixed acid is prepared according to the ratio of sulfuric acid: concentrated nitric acid = 3:1, and the surface carboxyl content reaches 6.8wt%. They are bonded to nanocellulose through esterification reaction, and the interfacial shear strength reaches 45MPa.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a self-healing performance activation system: a grid-like heating element woven from silver nanowires is embedded inside the coating. When powered on, it can raise the local temperature to 65±2℃ within 45 seconds, and combined with the dynamic exchange reaction of disulfide bonds, the scratch repair rate is ≥95%.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After S5 is completed, performance enhancement treatment is performed: a femtosecond laser is used to prepare a biomimetic microstructure with a period of 50 μm on the coating surface, reducing the surface dust adhesion to 0.05 N / cm. 2 While maintaining a water permeability of ≥2000g / m 2 ·24h.

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