Ultrahigh-pressure vertical plunger pump

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrahigh-pressure vertical plunger pump. The ultrahigh-pressure vertical plunger pump comprises a plunger pump base, a plunger pump body and a plunger pump cover. A transmission structure is arranged on the inner side of the plunger pump base, a receding hole communicated with an inner cavity of the plunger pump base is formed in the upper end of the plunger pump base, and the output end of the transmission structure extends into the receding hole. A water inlet hole is formed in the side wall of the plunger pump body, a high-pressure cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the plunger pump body, a water passing hole is formed in the side wall of the upper end of the high-pressure cylinder, a sealing bush is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder, a plunger shaft is slidably arranged on the inner side of the sealing bush, and the lower end of the plunger shaft is connected with the power output end of the transmission structure. An annular lubricating gap is formed between the sealing bush and the plunger shaft; a drainage channel is arranged on the inner side of the plunger pump cover, and a one-way valve structure is arranged at the joint of a water inlet of the drainage channel and an inner cavity in the upper end of the high-pressure cylinder. Compared with a sealing ring, the sealing bush has higher strength and higher wear resistance, and is not easy to wear in the use process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the structure of a plunger pump, and more particularly, to an ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, Chinese patent CN220470188U discloses a double-seal stuffing box component for a high-pressure plunger pump, including a stuffing box fitted outside the plunger and a sealing assembly disposed between the stuffing box and the plunger. The sealing assembly includes a primary sealing assembly disposed at the outer end of the stuffing box and a secondary sealing assembly disposed inside the stuffing box. The secondary sealing assembly includes a spacer disposed between the plunger and the stuffing box, the spacer being located on the left side of the sealing pressure sleeve, and V-shaped combined sealing rings symmetrically disposed on both sides of the spacer, with the sealing pressure sleeve pressing against the V-shaped combined sealing rings. However, if the above-mentioned stuffing box component is used in an ultra-high pressure plunger pump, the V-shaped sealing rings in the stuffing box are easily damaged under ultra-high pressure and rapid plunger movement, affecting the service life of the ultra-high pressure plunger pump. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump, which has the advantage of long service life.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump, comprising a plunger pump base, a plunger pump body, and a plunger pump cover arranged sequentially from bottom to top; The inner side of the plunger pump base is provided with a transmission structure. The power input end of the transmission structure passes through the side wall of the plunger pump base and is used to connect with an external motor. The upper end of the plunger pump base is provided with a clearance hole communicating with its inner cavity. The output end of the transmission structure extends into the clearance hole. The plunger pump body has a water inlet hole on its side wall that communicates with its inner cavity. A hollow high-pressure cylinder is provided inside the plunger pump body. A water passage hole is provided on the upper side wall of the high-pressure cylinder. The water passage hole communicates the inner cavity of the plunger pump body with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder. A sealing bushing is provided in the high-pressure cylinder. A plunger shaft is slidably provided inside the sealing bushing. The lower end of the plunger shaft is connected to the power output end of the transmission structure. An annular lubrication gap is formed between the sealing bushing and the plunger shaft. Under ultra-high pressure, water will pass through the annular lubrication gap to lubricate the relative movement of the sealing bushing and the plunger shaft. An inner side of the plunger pump pump cover is provided with a drainage channel. An inlet of the drainage channel is communicated with an upper end of the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder. An outlet of the drainage channel penetrates through a side wall of the plunger pump pump cover. A one-way valve structure is arranged at a connection part between the inlet of the drainage channel and the upper-end inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder. When the plunger shaft moves downward in the high-pressure cylinder, the one-way valve structure controls the water passing hole to be communicated with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder. When the plunger shaft moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder, the one-way valve structure controls the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder to be communicated with the drainage channel.

[0005] Preferably, a width of the annular lubricating gap is 0.5 um - 1.0 um.

[0006] Preferably, both the sealing bushing and the plunger shaft are made of tungsten steel.

[0007] Preferably, a length of the sealing bushing is a, a length of the plunger shaft is b, 0.2a < b < 0.4a. When water flows through the annular lubricating gap, a pressure of the water gradually decreases.

[0008] Preferably, an outer-turned shoulder is arranged at a lower end of the sealing bushing. The high-pressure cylinder includes a cylinder base and a cylinder body detachably arranged at an upper end of the cylinder base. An installation chamber with a cross section in an inverted T shape is formed between the cylinder base and the cylinder body. The sealing bushing is installed in the installation chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a rubber sealing structure is arranged between the outer-turned shoulder and the high-pressure cylinder. An annular extrusion gap is formed between the sealing bushing and the high-pressure cylinder. When the plunger shaft moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder, the water entering the annular extrusion gap applies an extrusion force to an outer wall of the sealing bushing, so that the sealing bushing deforms, and a deformation amount at an upper end of the sealing bushing is greater than a deformation amount at a lower end of the sealing bushing.

[0010] Preferably, a return hole is formed in a side wall at a lower end of the cylinder base. The return hole communicates an inner cavity of the cylinder base with an inner cavity of the plunger pump pump body.

[0011] Preferably, a first cooling hole is formed in a side wall at a lower end of the cylinder body. The first cooling hole is located below the sealing bushing. The first cooling hole communicates an inner cavity of the cylinder body with an inner cavity of the plunger pump pump body.

[0012] Preferably, a second cooling hole is formed in a side wall at an upper end of the cylinder base. The second cooling hole is located above the return hole. The second cooling hole communicates an inner cavity of the cylinder base with an inner cavity of the plunger pump pump body Preferably, the transmission structure includes a power receiving component and a power transmitting component. The power receiving component includes a power receiving shaft that passes through the piston pump body and a drive gear that is fixedly disposed outside the power receiving shaft. The power transmitting component includes a transmission crank that is rotatably disposed inside the piston pump body, a driven gear that is fixedly disposed outside the transmission crank and meshes with the drive gear, and a transmission connecting rod that is rotatably sleeved outside the transmission crank and rotatably connected to the lower end of the piston shaft.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Compared with sealing rings, sealing bushings have higher strength and higher wear resistance, are less prone to wear during use, and are less likely to affect the service life of ultra-high pressure plunger pumps; 2. The above-mentioned plunger pump is installed vertically, which can greatly reduce the space it occupies; 3. The above-mentioned plunger pump is installed vertically, so that when the plunger shaft slides up and down in the sealing bushing, the plunger shaft and the sealing bushing are less likely to wear unevenly, which helps to improve the service life of the above-mentioned plunger pump. 4. The high-pressure cylinder is surrounded by water in the plunger pump body, which allows the high-pressure cylinder to be effectively cooled. Furthermore, in the event of a high-pressure cylinder bursting, the water acts as a buffer, making it less likely for operators near the plunger pump to be injured. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A; Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of part B; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of part C.

[0015] Reference numerals: 1. Plunger pump base; 2. Plunger pump body; 3. Plunger pump cover; 4. Transmission structure; 41. Power receiving component; 411. Power receiving shaft; 412. Drive gear; 42. Power transmission component; 421. Transmission crank; 422. Driven gear; 423. Transmission connecting rod; 5. Clearance hole; 6. Water inlet; 7. High-pressure cylinder; 71. Cylinder seat; 72. Cylinder body; 8. Water passage hole; 9. Sealing bushing; 10. Plunger shaft; 11. Annular lubrication clearance; 12. Drainage channel; 13. One-way valve structure; 131. One-way valve body; 132. Low-pressure limiting component; 1321. Low-pressure limiting sleeve; 1322. Low-pressure limiting spring; 1323. Low-pressure limiting seat; 133. High-pressure limiting component; 1331. High-pressure limiting cap; 1332. High-pressure limiting spring; 1333. High-pressure limiting seat; 3331. High-pressure limiting outer jacket; 13332. High-pressure limiting inner core; 14. Outward-facing shoulder; 15. Mounting chamber; 16. Rubber sealing structure; 17. Annular extrusion gap; 18. Return hole; 19. Cooling hole one; 20. Cooling hole two; 21. Connecting chamber; 22. Low-pressure limiting groove; 23. Low-pressure water inlet channel; 24. Low-pressure mounting groove; 25. Low-pressure water passage; 26. High-pressure limiting groove; 27. 28. High-pressure water outlet channel; 29. ​​High-pressure installation groove; 30. High-pressure guide hole; 31. High-pressure guide post; 32. High-pressure adapter groove; 33. High-pressure adapter post; 34. High-pressure rotating post; 351. Flow guide groove; 352. Self-correcting sleeve; 353. Limiting inner flange; 354. Lower limiting outer flange; 355. Plunger seat; 356. Upper limiting outer flange; 37. Assembly chamber; 38. O-ring; 39. Self-correcting arc surface. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the technical solution of the present invention can be more easily understood and mastered.

[0017] An ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a plunger pump base 1, a plunger pump body 2, and a plunger pump cover 3 arranged sequentially from bottom to top.

[0018] A transmission structure 4 is provided on the inner side of the plunger pump base 1. The power input end of the transmission structure 4 passes through the side wall of the plunger pump base 1 and is used to connect with an external motor. An avoidance hole 5 communicating with its inner cavity is provided at the upper end of the plunger pump base 1. The output end of the transmission structure 4 extends into the avoidance hole 5.

[0019] A water inlet 6 is provided on the side wall of the plunger pump body 2, communicating with its inner cavity. During use, external water can enter the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 through the water inlet 6. A hollow high-pressure cylinder 7 is provided inside the plunger pump body 2. A water passage 8 is provided on the upper side wall of the high-pressure cylinder 7, connecting the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 and the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7. During use, water in the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 can enter the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7 through the water passage 8. A sealing bushing 9 is provided in the high-pressure cylinder 7, and a plunger shaft 10 is slidably mounted on the inner side of the sealing bushing 9. The lower end of the plunger shaft is connected to the power output end of the transmission structure. An annular lubrication gap 11 is formed between the sealing bushing 9 and the plunger shaft 10. Under ultra-high pressure, water will pass through the annular lubrication gap 11 to lubricate the relative movement of the sealing bushing 9 and the plunger shaft 10.

[0020] A drainage channel 12 is provided on the inner side of the plunger pump cover 3. The inlet of the drainage channel 12 is connected to the upper end of the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7, and the outlet of the drainage channel 12 penetrates the side wall of the plunger pump cover 3. A one-way valve structure 13 is provided at the connection between the inlet of the drainage channel 12 and the upper inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7. When the plunger shaft 10 moves downward in the high-pressure cylinder 7, the one-way valve structure 13 controls the water passage 8 to be connected to the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7. When the plunger shaft 10 moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder 7, the one-way valve structure 13 controls the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7 to be connected to the drainage channel 12.

[0021] When water is pressurized and supplied by the aforementioned ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump, an external motor is connected to the power input end of the transmission structure 4 via a coupling or other tools. The external motor then drives the plunger shaft 10 to reciprocate up and down within the high-pressure cylinder 7 via the transmission structure 4. When the plunger shaft 10 moves downward within the high-pressure cylinder 7, the upper space within the high-pressure cylinder 7 increases, creating a negative pressure. Simultaneously, the one-way valve structure 13 connects the water passage hole 8 to the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7. Under the influence of this negative pressure, water flows sequentially through the water inlet hole 6, the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2, and the water passage hole 8 before entering the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7. At this point, the high-pressure cylinder 7 does not reach an ultra-high pressure environment, and the water cannot pass through the narrow annular lubrication gap 11 due to surface tension. Thus, the sealing bushing 9 and the plunger shaft 10 cooperate to seal the water.

[0022] When the plunger shaft 10 moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder 7, the upper space in the high-pressure cylinder 7 decreases, pressurizing the water in the high-pressure cylinder 7. At the same time, the one-way valve mechanism connects the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder 7 with the drainage channel 12. Thus, the water in the high-pressure cylinder 7 will enter through the water inlet of the drainage channel 12 under pressure and finally discharge from the water outlet of the drainage channel 12. At this time, an ultra-high-pressure environment is reached in the high-pressure cylinder 7, and the water will pass through the annular lubricating gap 11 to play a lubricating role when the sealing bushing 9 and the plunger shaft 10 move relative to each other. At the same time, due to the small width of the annular lubricating gap 11, less water can pass through the annular lubricating gap 11, so the above plunger pump can still have strong sealing performance. The sealing bushing 9 has higher strength and higher wear resistance compared to the sealing ring, is not easily worn during use, and does not easily affect the service life of the ultra-high-pressure plunger pump.

[0023] The above plunger pump is vertically installed, which can greatly reduce the space it occupies. Moreover, when the plunger shaft 10 slides up and down in the sealing bushing 9, the plunger shaft 10 and the sealing bushing 9 are not easily eccentrically worn, which helps to improve the service life of the above plunger pump.

[0024] In the above plunger pump, the high-pressure cylinder 7 is surrounded by the water in the plunger pump body 2. Thus, the high-pressure cylinder 7 can be effectively cooled. Moreover, when the high-pressure cylinder 7 bursts, the water can play a buffering and protective role, making it difficult for the operator near the above plunger pump to be injured.

[0025] The width of the annular lubricating gap 11 is 0.5um - 1.0um.

[0026] When the width of the annular lubricating gap 11 is 0.5um - 1.0um, less water can pass through the annular lubricating gap 11 under ultra-high-pressure environment, and the sealing performance of the above plunger pump is stronger, but higher requirements for processing accuracy will be imposed.

[0027] Both the sealing bushing 9 and the plunger shaft 10 are made of tungsten steel.

[0028] The sealing bushing 9 and the plunger shaft 10 made of tungsten steel have the advantages of high strength and high wear resistance, which helps to improve the service life of the above ultra-high-pressure plunger pump.

[0029] The length of the sealing bushing 9 is a, and the length of the plunger shaft 10 is b, where 0.2a < b < 0.4a. When the water flows through the annular lubricating gap 11, the pressure of the water gradually decreases.

[0030] As water flows through the annular lubrication gap 11, the water pressure gradually decreases, resulting in less water passing through the annular lubrication gap 11 and thus enabling the plunger pump to have stronger sealing performance. Furthermore, because the water pressure flowing through the annular lubrication gap 11 gradually decreases, the water flow velocity in the annular lubrication gap 11 is reduced, making it less likely to scratch the inner wall of the sealing bushing 9 and the outer wall of the plunger shaft 10.

[0031] The lower end of the sealing bushing 9 is provided with an outwardly turned shoulder 14. The high-pressure cylinder 7 includes a cylinder seat 71 and a cylinder body 72 that is detachably mounted on the upper end of the cylinder seat 71 via a threaded component. An inverted T-shaped mounting chamber 15 is formed between the cylinder seat 71 and the cylinder body 72. The sealing bushing 9 is installed in the mounting chamber 15.

[0032] The sealing bushing 9, equipped with an outwardly flared shoulder 14, is housed in an inverted T-shaped mounting chamber 15, preventing it from wobbling. The cylinder seat 71 and cylinder body 72 are detachably connected via threaded connections, making the installation and removal of the sealing bushing 9 more convenient.

[0033] A rubber sealing structure 16 is provided between the outward-folding shoulder 14 and the high-pressure cylinder 7. An annular extrusion gap 17 is formed between the sealing bushing 9 and the high-pressure cylinder 7. When the plunger shaft 10 moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder 7, the water entering the annular extrusion gap 17 will exert a compressive force on the outer wall of the sealing bushing 9, causing the sealing bushing 9 to deform. The deformation at the upper end of the sealing bushing 9 is greater than the deformation at the lower end of the sealing bushing 9.

[0034] When the plunger shaft 10 moves upward within the sealing bushing 9, the upper space of the high-pressure cylinder 7 will be under ultra-high pressure. At this time, some water will enter the annular extrusion gap 17, applying uniform extrusion force to the outer wall of the sealing bushing 9. Simultaneously, some water will pass through the annular lubrication gap 11, and the pressure will gradually decrease during the passage. At this point, the sealing bushing 9 will exhibit a shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom under the action of pressure difference. Because the lower end of the sealing bushing 9 is smaller, the corresponding annular lubrication gap 11 is also smaller, resulting in less water passing through the annular lubrication gap 11, which helps to improve the sealing performance of the plunger pump.

[0035] A reflux hole 18 is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder seat 71, which connects the inner cavity of the cylinder seat 71 with the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2.

[0036] Water passing through the annular lubrication gap 11 can enter the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 through the return hole 18.

[0037] A cooling hole 19 is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder 72. The cooling hole 19 is located below the sealing bushing 9 and connects the inner cavity of the cylinder 72 with the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2.

[0038] Water in the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 can enter the inner cavity of the cylinder 72 through the cooling hole 19, and then water in the inner cavity of the cylinder 72 can enter the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 through the return hole 18. The water flowing between the plunger pump body 2 and the cylinder 72 can be used to cool the cylinder 72.

[0039] Cooling hole 20 is provided on the upper side wall of cylinder seat 71. Cooling hole 20 is located above return hole 18 and connects the inner cavity of cylinder seat 71 with the inner cavity of plunger pump body 2.

[0040] Water in the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 can enter the inner cavity of the cylinder 72 through the cooling hole 20, and then water in the inner cavity of the cylinder seat 71 can enter the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 through the return hole 18. The water flowing between the plunger pump body 2 and the cylinder seat 71 can be used to cool the cylinder seat 71.

[0041] The transmission structure 4 includes a power receiving component 41 and a power transmission component 42. The power receiving component 41 includes a power receiving shaft 411 that passes through the piston pump body 2 and a drive gear 412 that is fixedly installed on the outside of the power receiving shaft 411.

[0042] In use, the power receiving shaft 411 is driven to rotate circumferentially by the motor of the external device, and the power receiving shaft 411 will drive the drive gear 412 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously at the same angular velocity.

[0043] The power transmission component 42 includes a transmission crank 421 rotatably disposed inside the pump body 2 of the plunger pump, a driven gear 422 fixedly disposed outside the transmission crank 421 and meshing with the driving gear 412, and a transmission connecting rod 423 rotatably sleeved outside the transmission crank 421 and rotatably connected to the lower end of the plunger shaft 10. The end of the transmission connecting rod 423 away from the transmission crank 421 extends toward the clearance hole 5 and is rotatably connected to the plunger shaft 10.

[0044] In use, the driving gear 412 will drive the driven gear 422 meshing with it to rotate synchronously at the same linear speed. The driven gear 422 will drive the transmission crank 421 fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously at the same angular speed. The transmission crank 421 will drive the transmission connecting rod 423 rotatably connected to it to move up and down in the clearance hole 5. The transmission connecting rod 423 drives the plunger shaft 10 connected to it to slide up and down in the high-pressure cylinder 7.

[0045] A self-calibrating sleeve 351 is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the transmission connecting rod 423. Both the upper and lower ends of the self-calibrating sleeve 351 are integrally formed with limiting inner flanges 352. A lower limiting outer flange 353 is integrally formed on the upper end of the transmission connecting rod 423, and the lower end face of the lower limiting outer flange 353 abuts against the upper end face of the lower limiting inner flange 352. A plunger seat 354 is nested at the lower end of the plunger shaft 10, and the lower end of the plunger seat 354 is rotatably mounted in the self-calibrating sleeve 351. An upper limiting outer flange 355 is integrally formed on the lower end of the plunger seat 354, located below the upper limiting inner flange 352, and an annular assembly chamber 36 is formed between the upper limiting outer flange 355 and the upper limiting inner flange 352. An O-ring 37 is provided in the assembly chamber 36. The upper and lower ends of the O-ring 37 abut against the upper limiting inner flange 352 and the upper limiting outer flange 355, respectively. The lower end of the plunger seat 354 is provided with a self-correcting arc surface 38, which makes point contact with the transmission connecting rod 423.

[0046] When it is necessary to connect the plunger shaft 10 to the sealing bushing 9 and the transmission connecting rod 423, the upper end of the control plunger shaft 10 passes through the sealing bushing 9, and the lower end of the control plunger shaft 10 is inserted and fixed to the plunger seat 354. If, during the above process, the inner hole of the sealing bushing 9 and the upper opening of the plunger seat 354 are not guaranteed to be coaxial due to tolerance reasons, the plunger seat 354 can be slightly offset in the self-aligning sleeve 351 during the process of inserting and fixing the lower end of the control plunger shaft 10 to the plunger seat 354 to adapt to the plunger shaft 10. At the same time, the O-ring 37 provided in the assembly chamber 36 will apply a force to the plunger seat 354 to maintain the state of the plunger seat 354.

[0047] The upper end of the cylinder body 72 is provided with a connecting chamber 21. The upper end of the connecting chamber 21 is connected to the water inlet of the drainage channel 12, the lower end of the connecting chamber 21 is connected to the upper end of the inner cavity of the cylinder body 72, and the side of the connecting chamber 21 is connected to the water passage hole 8.

[0048] The one-way valve structure 13 includes a one-way valve body 131 installed in the connecting chamber 21, a low-pressure limiting component 132 disposed at the lower end of the one-way valve body 131, and a high-pressure limiting component 133 disposed at the upper end of the one-way valve body 131.

[0049] A low-pressure limiting groove 22 is provided at the lower end of the one-way valve body 131, and a low-pressure water inlet channel 23 is provided on the side wall of the one-way valve body 131, which connects the water passage 8 with the low-pressure limiting groove 22.

[0050] The low-pressure limiting component 132 includes a low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321, a low-pressure limiting spring 1322, and a low-pressure limiting seat 1323. The low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321 is integrally formed at the lower end of the one-way valve body 131, and the upper end of the plunger shaft 10 extends into the inner side of the low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321. A low-pressure mounting groove 24 is formed at the upper end of the low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321, and the width of the low-pressure mounting groove 24 is greater than the inner cavity width of the low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321. The low-pressure limiting seat 1323 is disposed in the low-pressure mounting groove 24 and can slide along the depth direction of the low-pressure mounting groove 24. The upper end of the low-pressure limiting seat 1323 protrudes in a conical shape to extend into the low-pressure limiting groove 22 and seal the opening of the low-pressure limiting groove 22. A low-pressure water inlet 25 is provided on the low-pressure limiting seat 1323 to connect the low-pressure limiting groove 22 and the low-pressure mounting groove 24. A low-pressure limiting spring 1322 is disposed in the low-pressure mounting groove 24. The lower end of the low-pressure limiting spring 1322 abuts against the inner wall of the lower end of the low-pressure mounting groove 24, and the upper end of the low-pressure limiting spring 1322 abuts against the low-pressure limiting seat 1323. The low-pressure limiting spring 1322 is used to apply an upward elastic force to the low-pressure limiting seat 1323.

[0051] When the plunger shaft 10 moves downward within the sealing bushing 9, the upper space in the high-pressure cylinder 7 increases, creating a negative pressure. At this time, the low-pressure limiting seat 1323, under the influence of the negative pressure, overcomes the upward force exerted by the low-pressure limiting spring 1322 and moves downward within the low-pressure mounting groove 24, thereby releasing the blockage of the opening of the low-pressure limiting groove 22. At this point, water in the inner cavity of the plunger pump body 2 flows sequentially through the water hole 8, the low-pressure inlet channel 23, and the low-pressure limiting groove 22, entering the low-pressure mounting groove 24 and the inner cavity of the low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321.

[0052] When the plunger shaft 10 moves upward within the sealing bushing 9, the upper space in the high-pressure cylinder 7 decreases, creating an ultra-high pressure state. At this time, under the influence of the ultra-high pressure and the low-pressure limiting spring 1322, the low-pressure limiting seat 1323 will move upward within the low-pressure mounting groove 24, thereby sealing the opening of the low-pressure limiting groove 22.

[0053] A high-pressure limiting groove 26 is provided at the upper end of the one-way valve body 131, and a high-pressure water outlet channel 27 is provided in the one-way valve body 131, which connects the low-pressure installation groove 24 and the high-pressure limiting groove 26.

[0054] The high-pressure limiting component 133 includes a high-pressure limiting cap 1331, a high-pressure limiting spring 1332, and a high-pressure limiting seat 1333. The high-pressure limiting cap 1331 is located at the inlet of the drainage channel 12 and is positioned above the one-way valve body 131. A high-pressure mounting groove 28 is formed at the lower end of the high-pressure limiting cap 1331, and a high-pressure guide hole 29 is formed on the upper inner wall of the high-pressure mounting groove 28. The width of the high-pressure guide hole 29 is smaller than the width of the high-pressure mounting groove 28. The high-pressure limiting spring 1332 is disposed in the high-pressure mounting groove 28, and its upper end abuts against the upper inner wall of the high-pressure mounting groove 28. The upper end of the high-voltage limiting seat 1333 is slidably disposed in the high-voltage mounting groove 28. The upper end of the high-voltage limiting seat 1333 abuts against the lower end of the high-voltage limiting spring 1332. The lower end of the high-voltage limiting seat 1333 is vertically opposite to the high-voltage limiting groove 26. The high-voltage limiting spring 1332 drives the lower end of the high-voltage limiting seat 1333 to seal the groove opening of the high-voltage limiting groove 26 through its elastic force.

[0055] When the plunger shaft 10 moves downward in the sealing bushing 9, the upper space in the high-pressure cylinder 7 increases, creating a negative pressure. At this time, under the influence of the negative pressure and the high-pressure limiting spring 1332, the high-pressure limiting seat 1333 will move downward in the high-pressure mounting groove 28 and block the upper end of the high-pressure water outlet channel 27.

[0056] When the plunger shaft 10 moves upward within the sealing bushing 9, the upper space in the high-pressure cylinder 7 decreases, creating an ultra-high pressure state. At this time, the high-pressure limiting seat 1333, under the influence of ultra-high pressure, overcomes the downward force exerted by the high-pressure limiting spring 1332 and moves upward within the high-pressure mounting groove 28, releasing the blockage on the upper end of the high-pressure water outlet channel 27. Water from the low-pressure mounting groove 24 and the low-pressure limiting sleeve 1321 then flows sequentially through the high-pressure water outlet channel 27 and the high-pressure limiting groove 26, entering the drainage channel 12 and finally being discharged through the outlet of the drainage channel 12.

[0057] The high-voltage limiting seat 1333 includes a high-voltage limiting outer sleeve 13331 and a high-voltage limiting inner core 13332. The high-voltage limiting outer sleeve 13331 is slidably disposed in the high-voltage mounting groove 28. A high-voltage guide post 30 is provided at the upper end of the high-voltage limiting outer sleeve 13331, which is slidably disposed in the high-voltage guide hole 29 to guide the up-and-down sliding of the high-voltage limiting seat 1333. A high-voltage transition groove 31 is provided at the center of the lower end of the high-voltage limiting outer sleeve 13331. A high-voltage transition post 32 is provided at the upper end of the high-voltage limiting inner core 13332, which is rotatably disposed in the high-voltage transition groove 31. A high-voltage rotating post 33 is provided at the lower end of the high-voltage limiting inner core 13332, which is rotatably disposed in the high-voltage limiting groove 26, and several guide grooves 34 are spirally provided on the outer side of the high-voltage rotating post 33. When water flows out of the high-pressure limiting tank 26, the water will drive the high-pressure rotating column 33 and the high-pressure limiting inner core 13332 to rotate circumferentially through the guide channel 34.

[0058] When water flows upward from the high-pressure limiting groove 26, the water will drive the high-pressure rotating column 33 and the high-pressure limiting inner core 13332 to rotate circumferentially through the guide groove. In this way, the above-mentioned one-way valve structure 13 is less likely to suffer from severe wear of the high-pressure limiting inner core 13332 due to the entry of particulate impurities, thus giving the above-mentioned one-way valve structure 13 a longer service life.

[0059] Of course, the above are just typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may have many other specific embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump, characterized in that: It includes a plunger pump base (1), a plunger pump body (2), and a plunger pump cover (3) arranged successively from bottom to top; A transmission structure (4) is arranged inside the plunger pump base (1). The power input end of the transmission structure (4) penetrates through the side wall of the plunger pump base (1) for connection with an external motor. An avoidance hole (5) communicating with its inner cavity is opened at the upper end of the plunger pump base (1), and the output end of the transmission structure (4) extends into the avoidance hole (5); A water inlet hole (6) communicating with its inner cavity is opened at the side wall of the plunger pump body (2). A hollow high-pressure cylinder (7) is arranged inside the plunger pump body (2). A water passing hole (8) is opened at the upper side wall of the high-pressure cylinder (7). The water passing hole (8) connects the inner cavity of the plunger pump body (2) with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder (7). A sealing bushing (9) is arranged in the high-pressure cylinder (7). A plunger shaft (10) is slidably arranged inside the sealing bushing (9). The lower end of the plunger shaft (10) is connected with the power output end of the transmission structure (4). An annular lubricating gap (11) is formed between the sealing bushing (9) and the plunger shaft (10). Under an ultra-high pressure environment, water will pass through the annular lubricating gap (11) to lubricate the relative movement between the sealing bushing (9) and the plunger shaft (10); A drainage channel (12) is arranged inside the plunger pump cover (3). The water inlet of the drainage channel (12) is connected with the upper end of the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder (7). The water outlet of the drainage channel (12) penetrates through the side wall of the plunger pump cover (3). A one-way valve structure (13) is arranged at the connection between the water inlet of the drainage channel (12) and the upper inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder (7). When the plunger shaft (10) moves downward in the high-pressure cylinder (7), the one-way valve structure (13) controls the water passing hole (8) to be connected with the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder (7). When the plunger shaft (10) moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder (7), the one-way valve structure (13) controls the inner cavity of the high-pressure cylinder (7) to be connected with the drainage channel (12).

2. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the annular lubricating gap (11) is 0.5um - 1.0um.

3. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the sealing bushing (9) and the plunger shaft (10) are made of tungsten steel.

4. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the sealing bushing (9) is a, and the length of the plunger shaft (10) is b, where 0.2a < b < 0.4a. When water flows through the annular lubricating gap (11), the pressure of the water gradually decreases.

5. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outward-turned shoulder (14) is arranged at the lower end of the sealing bushing (9). The high-pressure cylinder (7) includes a cylinder base (71) and a cylinder body (72) detachably arranged at the upper end of the cylinder base (71). An installation chamber (15) with an inverted T-shaped cross-section is formed between the cylinder base (71) and the cylinder body (72). The sealing bushing (9) is installed in the installation chamber (15).

6. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rubber sealing structure (16) is provided between the outward-folding shoulder (14) and the high-pressure cylinder (7). An annular extrusion gap (17) is formed between the sealing bushing (9) and the high-pressure cylinder (7). When the plunger shaft (10) moves upward in the high-pressure cylinder (7), the water entering the annular extrusion gap (17) will exert a compressive force on the outer wall of the sealing bushing (9), causing the sealing bushing (9) to deform. The deformation at the upper end of the sealing bushing (9) is greater than the deformation at the lower end of the sealing bushing (9).

7. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 6, characterized in that: A reflux hole (18) is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder seat (71), and the reflux hole (18) connects the inner cavity of the cylinder seat (71) with the inner cavity of the plunger pump body (2).

8. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 7, characterized in that: A cooling hole (19) is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder (72). The cooling hole (19) is located below the sealing bushing (9). The cooling hole (19) connects the inner cavity of the cylinder (72) with the inner cavity of the plunger pump body (2).

9. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper side wall of the cylinder seat (71) is provided with a second cooling hole (20), which is located above the return hole (18) and connects the inner cavity of the cylinder seat (71) with the inner cavity of the plunger pump body (2).

10. The ultra-high pressure vertical plunger pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission structure (4) includes a power receiving component (41) and a power transmission component (42). The power receiving component (41) includes a power receiving shaft (411) that passes through the plunger pump body (2) and a drive gear (412) that is fixedly disposed outside the power receiving shaft (411). The power transmission component (42) includes a transmission crank (421) that is rotatably disposed inside the plunger pump body (2), a driven gear (422) that is fixedly disposed outside the transmission crank (421) and meshes with the drive gear (412), and a transmission connecting rod (423) that is rotatably sleeved outside the transmission crank (421) and rotatably connected to the lower end of the plunger shaft (10).

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