Device for researching cold spraying single particle deposition / shot blasting mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for researching a cold spraying single particle deposition / shot blasting mechanism. The device comprises a particle emitting assembly, a position adjusting assembly and a reflection observation assembly. The particle emitting assembly comprises an emitter, an emitter support and a movable cross beam. The position adjusting assembly comprises a pulley mechanism and a driving mechanism and can achieve electric adjustment of the height of the emitter. The reflection observation assembly comprises a plane mirror, a mirror bracket and a mirror bracket guide rail, and can realize horizontal observation of particles to be emitted; the aluminum profile not only forms the whole frame of the device, but also has the function of serving as a guide rail; the device is provided with the objective table capable of being disassembled quickly, so that the characteristics of the particles to be emitted can be observed through the microscope camera, the objective table is installed during an experiment, and a target material is placed. Position adjustment of the emitter and the target material can be realized, characteristics of to-be-emitted particles can be observed in the horizontal direction, an impact mechanism of the particles and a base material under the composite action of various energy fields can be researched, and active adaptation can be realized when other elements are inconvenient to move.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material surface treatment technology, and more specifically, relates to an apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying. Background Technology

[0002] Cold spraying technology uses a high-pressure gas source to accelerate solid powder particles to supersonic speeds, causing them to impact a substrate. The particles undergo intense plastic deformation and deposit to form a coating. The entire process typically operates at temperatures below the melting points of the particles and the substrate, keeping the particles in a solid state. Material deposition is achieved through kinetic energy rather than thermal energy. Its low-temperature and non-oxidizing characteristics allow for the deposition of various metals and their alloys, as well as some cermets or metal-based composites. However, the deformation of particles during cold spraying is often instantaneous, making it difficult to directly observe and capture this instantaneous deformation behavior and the temperature and morphological changes at the interface with the substrate through experiments.

[0003] Existing research on the impact process of single particles in cold spray coating mainly focuses on using software to simulate the stress and strain between particles and between particles and the matrix. In addition, many factors affect the deformation of a single particle, such as particle velocity, particle characteristics, and incident angle. These factors are interrelated and mutually influential, which increases the complexity of the research.

[0004] Currently, the research methods for single-particle impact experiments with cold spray coating are not yet fully mature and standardized. Different research teams build experimental platforms according to their own research needs, which leads to significant differences in experimental devices and makes it difficult to form a unified experimental device standard and description specification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems in the existing technology, the present invention provides a portable device for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0007] An apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spray coating is characterized by comprising a base and a particle emission assembly (100), a position adjustment assembly (200), and a reflection observation assembly (300) disposed on the base, wherein a target (6) is located below the particle emission assembly (100); side columns (3) are vertically disposed on both sides of the base, the position adjustment assembly (200) is mounted on the side columns (3), and the position adjustment assembly (200) can move up and down along the side columns (3) to adjust the distance between the particle emission assembly (100) and the target (6); the reflection observation assembly (300) is located below the particle emission assembly (100); wherein:

[0008] The particle emission assembly (100) includes an emitter (110), an emitter bracket (120), and a movable crossbeam (130). The emitter (110) is placed on the upper end face of the emitter bracket (120). The emitter bracket (120) is detachably mounted on the movable crossbeam (130). The emitter bracket (120) is kept horizontal on the movable crossbeam (130) and its left and right positions are adjustable.

[0009] The position adjustment assembly (200) includes a pulley mechanism and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is used to drive the pulley mechanism to move up and down. The pulley mechanism includes a pulley (211), a T-shaped wheel frame (212), a Y-shaped wheel frame (213), and a cylindrical pin (214). A pair of T-shaped wheel frames (212) and a pair of Y-shaped wheel frames (213) are respectively set on the side columns (3) on both sides. The two T-shaped wheel frames (212) and the two Y-shaped wheel frames (213) are connected by cylindrical pins (214). The pulley (211) is sleeved on the cylindrical pins (214) and can slide up and down along the side of the side column. A movable crossbeam (130) is set on the T-shaped wheel frame (212) and the Y-shaped wheel frame (213) on the same side. The two ends of the movable crossbeam (130) are respectively connected to the T-shaped wheel frame (212) and the Y-shaped wheel frame (213) through sleeves.

[0010] The reflection observation assembly (300) includes a plane mirror (310), a mirror frame (320), and a mirror frame guide rail (330). The plane mirror (310) is fixed on the mirror frame (320) and is set at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane. The mirror frame (320) is set on the base through the mirror frame guide rail (330) and the mirror frame (320) is slidably set on the mirror frame guide rail (330).

[0011] Furthermore, the transmitter bracket (120) includes an upper support plate (121) and a lower support plate (122). The upper support plate (121) and the lower support plate (122) have the same size and structure and are opposite in position to the moving crossbeam (130). The upper support plate (121) and the lower support plate (122) respectively have an upper protrusion and a lower protrusion adapted to the moving crossbeam (130). The upper protrusion and the lower protrusion are respectively engaged in the upper and lower positions of the moving crossbeam (130). The upper support plate (121) on the side of the upper protrusion and the lower support plate (122) on the side of the lower protrusion form the fixing part of the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the fixing part is provided with through holes for fasteners to pass through.

[0013] Furthermore, the area formed by the upper protrusion and the lower protrusion is adapted to the shape of the movable crossbeam (130).

[0014] Furthermore, the drive structure includes a motor (231), a coupling (232), a lead screw (233), a lead screw sleeve (234), and a drive plate (235). The drive plate (235) is mounted on a T-shaped wheel frame on the outside of the side column (3). The motor (231) is fixedly mounted on the base by an angle steel (240). The drive end of the motor (231) is driven to the lead screw (233) through the coupling (232). The lead screw sleeve (234) passes through a small hole on the drive plate (235) from bottom to top and is fixed to the drive plate (235) with bolts and nuts. One end of the lead screw (233) is connected to the drive end of the motor, and the other end extends out of the lead screw sleeve (234). The vertical movement direction of the position adjustment component is controlled by controlling the rotation direction of the motor.

[0015] Furthermore, the base includes front and rear frames (2) and side frames (1), which together form a frame structure.

[0016] Furthermore, pulleys (211) are slidably provided on both the inner and outer sides of the side column (3), and multiple pulleys (211) are slidably provided on the side column (3) through T-shaped wheel frame (212) and Y-shaped wheel frame (213).

[0017] Furthermore, the frame (320) is a rubber part with an inclined surface. The lower part of the rubber part is provided with a snap-fit, which is engaged with the frame guide rail. The frame is able to slide along the guide rail by engaging with the frame guide rail through the snap-fit.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a quick-release stage (5), which is fixed to the base by screws. Before the experiment begins, the stage must be removed so that the characteristics of the particles to be emitted can be observed through a microscope camera. During the experiment, the stage is installed so that the target (6) can be placed on it.

[0019] Furthermore, the transmitter (110) is a cylinder made of K9 glass. The lower surface of the transmitter (110) is covered with a metal ablation layer and a polymer layer, or a polymer elastic layer, and the particles to be emitted are fixed on the polymer elastic layer.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are mainly reflected in:

[0021] (1) The present invention can realize the position adjustment of the launcher and the target material;

[0022] (2) The present invention can realize the observation of the characteristics of the particles to be emitted in the horizontal direction without moving the transmitter and camera;

[0023] (3) The structure of this invention is not sealed and the distance between the transmitter and the target is controllable, which enables the study of the impact mechanism between cold spray particles and the substrate under the combined action of multiple energy fields, such as introducing laser assistance on the surface of the target.

[0024] (4) The present invention has a simple and portable structure, can be placed directly on the desktop, and can actively adapt when other components such as lasers are inconvenient to move. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a rear view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the transmitter bracket of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an enlarged view of the reflection observation device of the present invention;

[0029] In the diagram, 100-particle launching assembly, 200-position adjustment assembly, 300-reflection observation assembly, 110-launcher, 120-launcher bracket, 130-moving crossbeam, 210-pulley mechanism, 230-drive mechanism, 240-angle steel, 250-sleeve, 310-plane mirror, 320-mirror frame, 330-mirror frame guide rail, 1-bottom side frame; 2-bottom front and rear frame; 3-side column; 4-top crossbar; 5-stage; 6-target. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] refer to Figures 1 to 4 This invention discloses an apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spray coating, comprising a base and a particle emission assembly 100, a position adjustment assembly 200, and a reflection observation assembly 300 disposed on the base. A target 6 is located below the particle emission assembly 100. Side columns 3 are vertically disposed on both sides of the base. The position adjustment assembly 200 is mounted on the side columns 3 and can move up and down along the side columns 3 to adjust the distance between the particle emission assembly 100 and the target 6. The reflection observation assembly 300 is located below the particle emission assembly 100.

[0032] The particle emission assembly 100 includes an emitter 110, an emitter support 120, and a movable crossbeam 130. The emitter 110 is placed on the upper end face of the emitter support 120. The emitter support 120 is detachably mounted on the movable crossbeam 130. The emitter support 120 is kept horizontal on the movable crossbeam 130 and its left and right positions are adjustable.

[0033] The position adjustment assembly 200 includes a pulley mechanism 210 and a drive mechanism 230. The drive mechanism is used to drive the pulley mechanism to move up and down. The pulley mechanism includes a pulley (211), a T-shaped wheel frame 212, a Y-shaped wheel frame 213, and a cylindrical pin 214. A pair of T-shaped wheel frames 212 and a pair of Y-shaped wheel frames 213 are respectively set on the side columns 3 on both sides. The two T-shaped wheel frames 212 and the two Y-shaped wheel frames 213 are connected by the cylindrical pin 214. The pulley 211 is sleeved on the cylindrical pin 214 and can slide up and down along the side of the side column. A movable crossbeam 130 is set on the T-shaped wheel frame 212 and the Y-shaped wheel frame 213 on the same side. The two ends of the movable crossbeam 130 are respectively connected to the T-shaped wheel frame 212 and the Y-shaped wheel frame 213 by sleeves.

[0034] The reflection observation assembly 300 includes a plane mirror 310, a mirror frame 320, and a mirror frame guide rail 330. The plane mirror 310 is fixed on the mirror frame 320 and is set at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane. The mirror frame 320 is set on the base through the mirror frame guide rail 330 and is slidably set on the mirror frame guide rail 330.

[0035] In one embodiment, the transmitter bracket 120 includes an upper support plate 121 and a lower support plate 122. The upper support plate 121 and the lower support plate 122 have the same size and structure but are opposite in position to the moving crossbeam 130. The upper support plate 121 and the lower support plate 122 respectively have an upper protrusion and a lower protrusion adapted to the moving crossbeam 130. The upper protrusion and the lower protrusion are respectively engaged in the upper and lower positions of the moving crossbeam 130. The upper support plate 121 on the side of the upper protrusion and the lower support plate 122 on the side of the lower protrusion form a fixing part of the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0036] In one embodiment, the fixing part is provided with through holes for fasteners to pass through.

[0037] In one embodiment, the area formed by the upper protrusion and the lower protrusion is adapted to the shape of the movable crossbeam 130.

[0038] In one embodiment, the drive structure includes a motor 231, a coupling 232, a lead screw 233, a lead screw sleeve 234, and a drive plate 235. The drive plate 235 is mounted on a T-shaped wheel frame on the outside of the side column 3. The motor 231 is fixedly mounted on the base by an angle steel 240. The drive end of the motor 231 is drivenly connected to the lead screw 233 through the coupling 232. The lead screw sleeve 234 passes through a small hole on the drive plate 235 from bottom to top and is fixed to the drive plate 235 with bolts and nuts. One end of the lead screw 233 is connected to the drive end of the motor, and the other end extends out of the lead screw sleeve 234. The vertical movement direction of the position adjustment assembly is controlled by controlling the rotation direction of the motor.

[0039] In one embodiment, the base includes front and rear frames 2 and side frames 1, which together form a frame structure.

[0040] In one embodiment, pulleys 211 are slidably provided on both the inner and outer sides of the side column 3, and a plurality of pulleys 211 are slidably provided on the side column 3 through T-shaped wheel frame 212 and Y-shaped wheel frame 213.

[0041] In one embodiment, the frame 320 is a rubber component with an inclined surface. The lower part of the rubber component is provided with a latch, which is engaged with the frame guide rail. The frame engages with the frame guide rail through the latch, allowing it to slide along the guide rail.

[0042] In one embodiment, a quick-release stage 5 is also included, which is fixed to the base by screws. Before the experiment begins, the stage must be removed so that the characteristics of the particles to be emitted can be observed through a microscope camera. During the experiment, the stage is installed so that the target 6 can be placed on it.

[0043] In one embodiment, the transmitter 110 is a cylinder made of K9 glass. The lower surface of the transmitter 110 is coated with a metal ablation layer and a polymer layer, or a polymer elastic layer, and the particles to be emitted are fixed on the polymer elastic layer.

[0044] Specifically, emitter 110 uses pulsed laser focusing to melt, vaporize, and ionize the ablation layer, forming a high-temperature, high-pressure plasma. For emitters without an ablation layer, when the laser is focused on the glass substrate, stress waves are generated inside the glass. The polymer layer is typically made of polyimide. The stress waves propagate through the glass and converge at the interface between the glass and the polyimide layer, causing the polyimide layer to expand and deform rapidly and uniformly. This results in high-speed particles being generated on the free surface of the polyimide layer, thus achieving particle emission.

[0045] The following is a brief description of the steps for using this device:

[0046] (1) Setup and Debugging of the Device: Adjust the distance between the emitter 110 and the target 6 according to the experimental requirements. The larger the distance, the lower the velocity of the particles when they collide. Place the laser, flash illumination module, camera module, and other components above and around the device, ensuring that the connections between the components are correct and that the overall device is stable and reliable. When the particles are emitted, the pulsed laser emitted by the laser is focused and acts on the emitter 110 of this device in the vertical direction.

[0047] (2) Particle preparation: Fix the particles to be emitted at appropriate positions on the elastic layer of the lower surface of the emitter 110, while ensuring that the particle distribution is uniform and stable so that they can be successfully driven by the pulsed laser for emission. Adjust the position of the plane mirror 310 so that the microscope camera placed directly in front of the device can observe the shape, size and other characteristics of the particles to be emitted.

[0048] (3) Parameter settings: Based on the experimental purpose and the characteristics of the material to be tested, set the parameters of the laser, such as pulse energy, wavelength, pulse width, etc., as well as the frame rate, exposure time, etc. of the high-speed camera placed on the side of the device.

[0049] (4) Launch and Measurement: A stage 5 is installed on the bottom frame of the device, and a target 6 is placed on top of it. After the particles are launched, they collide with the target 6, and a high-speed camera records the process.

[0050] (5) Data Processing and Analysis: The collected particle motion images and velocity data will be further processed and analyzed to study the bonding mechanism when a single particle impacts the substrate during cold spraying. (If the shot peening mechanism needs to be studied, the velocity of the particle during impact will be controlled below the critical deposition velocity, i.e., the distance between the emitter and the target will be increased or the pulsed laser power will be reduced.)

[0051] The contents described in this specification are merely an enumeration of implementation forms of the inventive concept. The scope of protection of this invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated. The scope of protection of this invention also includes equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. An apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spray coating, characterized in that, The system includes a base and a particle emission assembly (100), a position adjustment assembly (200), and a reflection observation assembly (300) mounted on the base. The target (6) is located below the particle emission assembly (100). Side columns (3) are vertically mounted on both sides of the base. The position adjustment assembly (200) is mounted on the side columns (3) and can move up and down along the side columns (3) to adjust the distance between the particle emission assembly (100) and the target (6). The reflection observation assembly (300) is located below the particle emission assembly (100). The particle emission assembly (100) includes an emitter (110), an emitter bracket (120), and a movable crossbeam (130). The emitter (110) is placed on the upper end face of the emitter bracket (120). The emitter bracket (120) is detachably mounted on the movable crossbeam (130). The emitter bracket (120) is kept horizontal on the movable crossbeam (130) and its left and right positions are adjustable. The position adjustment assembly (200) includes a pulley mechanism and a drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is used to drive the pulley mechanism to move up and down. The pulley mechanism includes a pulley (211), a T-shaped wheel frame (212), a Y-shaped wheel frame (213), and a cylindrical pin (214). A pair of T-shaped wheel frames (212) and a pair of Y-shaped wheel frames (213) are respectively set on the side columns (3) on both sides. The two T-shaped wheel frames (212) and the two Y-shaped wheel frames (213) are connected by cylindrical pins (214). The pulley (211) is sleeved on the cylindrical pins (214) and can slide up and down along the side of the side column. A movable crossbeam (130) is set on the T-shaped wheel frame (212) and the Y-shaped wheel frame (213) on the same side. The two ends of the movable crossbeam (130) are respectively connected to the T-shaped wheel frame (212) and the Y-shaped wheel frame (213) through sleeves. The reflection observation assembly (300) includes a plane mirror (310), a mirror frame (320), and a mirror frame guide rail (330). The plane mirror (310) is fixed on the mirror frame (320) and is set at a 45° angle to the horizontal plane. The mirror frame (320) is set on the base through the mirror frame guide rail (330) and the mirror frame (320) is slidably set on the mirror frame guide rail (330).

2. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitter bracket (120) includes an upper support plate (121) and a lower support plate (122). The upper support plate (121) and the lower support plate (122) have the same size and structure and are opposite in position to the moving crossbeam (130). The upper support plate (121) and the lower support plate (122) have an upper protrusion and a lower protrusion that are adapted to the moving crossbeam (130). The upper protrusion and the lower protrusion are respectively engaged in the upper and lower positions of the moving crossbeam (130). The upper support plate (121) on the side of the upper protrusion and the lower support plate (122) on the side of the lower protrusion form the fixing part of the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

3. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing part is provided with through holes for fasteners to pass through.

4. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The area formed by the upper protrusion and the lower protrusion is adapted to the shape of the movable crossbeam (130).

5. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive structure includes a motor (231), a coupling (232), a lead screw (233), a lead screw sleeve (234), and a drive plate (235). The drive plate (235) is mounted on a T-shaped wheel frame on the outside of the side column (3). The motor (231) is fixedly mounted on the base by an angle steel (240). The drive end of the motor (231) is driven to the lead screw (233) through the coupling (232). The lead screw sleeve (234) passes through a small hole on the drive plate (235) from bottom to top and is fixed to the drive plate (235) with bolts and nuts. One end of the lead screw (233) is connected to the drive end of the motor, and the other end extends out of the lead screw sleeve (234). The vertical movement direction of the position adjustment component is controlled by controlling the rotation direction of the motor.

6. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base includes front and rear frames (2) and side frames (1), which together form a frame structure.

7. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner and outer sides of the side column (3) are slidably provided with pulleys (211), and the multiple pulleys (211) are slidably provided on the side column (3) through T-shaped wheel frame (212) and Y-shaped wheel frame (213).

8. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (320) is a rubber part with an inclined surface. The lower part of the rubber part is provided with a snap-fit, which is engaged with the frame guide rail. The frame is able to slide along the guide rail by engaging with the frame guide rail through the snap-fit.

9. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a quick-release stage (5), which is fixed to the base by screws. Before the experiment begins, the stage must be removed so that the characteristics of the particles to be emitted can be observed by a microscope camera. During the experiment, the stage is installed so that the target (6) can be placed on it.

10. The apparatus for studying the single-particle deposition / shot peening mechanism of cold spraying as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitter (110) is a cylinder made of K9 glass. The lower surface of the transmitter (110) is covered with a metal ablation layer and a polymer layer, or a polymer elastic layer. The particles to be emitted are fixed on the polymer elastic layer.

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