High-speed grounding switch

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-speed grounding switch (1), comprising two contact members (2), of which at least one contact member (2) is movable relative to the other along an actuation direction (Z) between a closed position in which the contact members (2) are electrically connected and an open position in which the contact members (2) are not electrically connected, the contact member (2) defines an arc region in which an arc is generated and an arc quenching medium is present during a current interruption operation; and an electrically insulating insulating member (22); wherein the movable contact member (2) comprises a first channel (5, 6) extending at least partially along the actuation direction (Z), the insulating member (22) comprises a second channel (24) extending at least partially along the actuation direction (Z), the insulating member (22) and the movable contact member (2) are coupled to each other, and the channels (5, 6, 24) are in fluid communication for conducting an arc extinguishing medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fast grounding switch comprising two contact members, at least one of which is movable relative to the other contact member along an actuation direction between a closed position and an open position, wherein in the closed position the contact member is electrically connected and in the open position the contact member is not electrically connected, the contact member defining an arc region in which an arc is generated during current interruption operation and an arc-extinguishing medium is present, wherein the movable contact member includes a first channel. Background Technology

[0002] Disconnecting switches or grounding switches (also called ground switches) are protective devices included in switchgear components such as circuit breakers and isolators. When a circuit breaker is removed and taken out, the grounding switch automatically grounds a portion of the busbar adjacent to the circuit breaker. For isolators, when the isolator isolates the circuit, the grounding switch contacts the busbar, thereby releasing any charge that may have accumulated at the busbar. For example, grounding switches in switchgear are used to ground residual charge in power lines after the power lines have been removed from their source. Residual charge is often left in the circuit after it has been disconnected or broken by a circuit breaker or isolator. Typically, grounding switches are configured to release this charge.

[0003] Liquid or gaseous dielectric insulating media are commonly used to insulate conductive parts in a wide variety of devices, and particularly in GIS or its components. In medium- or high-voltage metal-encapsulated switching devices, for example, conductive parts are arranged in a gas-tight housing that defines an insulating space comprising an insulating gas and separating the housing from the conductive parts without allowing current to pass through the insulating space.

[0004] To interrupt current, such as in high-voltage switchgear, the insulating medium also serves as an arc-extinguishing medium. This is also the case, for example, in disconnecting switches or grounding switches, where the arc generated during the current interruption is extinguished in a free-burning state, meaning that the arc-extinguishing medium is not actively blown towards the arc.

[0005] In conventional gas-insulated switchgear, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is typically used as the insulating medium and / or arc-quenching medium. Recently, the use of organofluorine compounds as alternatives to conventional insulating media has been proposed, such as fluoroketones, which possess high insulating capacity, particularly high dielectric strength, and high arc-quenching capability. These organofluorine compounds also exhibit very low global temperature potential (GWP) and very low toxicity.

[0006] Fast-acting grounding switches, especially fast-acting grounding switches, are typically operated by an operating mechanism that accelerates and decelerates the movable contact member. For SF6-free solutions using such fast-acting grounding switches, an arc-blowing mechanism can be used. In principle, the required mass flow can be determined, which will result in some kind of pumping mechanism. The piston in the arc-blowing mechanism used to generate the mass flow for the arc will require linearly moving mass, thus increasing kinetic energy. This, in turn, will require a high-performance damping device with a strong dynamic kinematic chain, leading to increased cost and technical risks related to mechanical life.

[0007] The contact components must conduct high current. Therefore, for at least one of the contact components, a good conductive material must be used, such as copper, tungsten, gold, or a combination thereof (e.g., an alloy and / or a coating on an alloy).

[0008] Movable contact components typically accelerate and decelerate rapidly, and / or are at high acceleration rates, resulting in significant forces on the material due to inertia. In particular, since movable contact components typically consist of at least substantially copper, tungsten, gold, or alloys thereof, or are composed of copper, tungsten, gold, or alloys thereof, higher inertia is observed relative to other conductive materials such as steel, aluminum, or other materials with lower density than copper / tungsten.

[0009] The objective is to provide the arc-extinguishing medium and / or arc-extinguishing gas, preferably at a low temperature, to the arc region, while maintaining low inertia to achieve a high acceleration rate (i.e., the absolute value of the velocity derivative, for example, given in meters per square second) in the absence of mechanical failure.

[0010] Finally, the selection of construction parameters such as weight, size, cross-section, and / or composition of the movable contact element has a significant impact on the performance of the fast grounding switch. In particular, using more weight in the movable contact element to have lower resistance for interrupting larger currents can increase the actual interruption duration of the switch due to the increased inertia. Furthermore, the movable contact element may be damaged due to inertia. Summary of the Invention

[0011] Therefore, the object of this invention is to provide an improved fast grounding switch for interrupting non-short-circuit currents, while avoiding the specific drawbacks of known solutions.

[0012] The objective of this invention is achieved through the features of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are described in detail in the dependent claims.

[0013] Therefore, this objective is achieved by a fast grounding switch specifically designed for interrupting non-short-circuit currents and / or for guiding short-circuit currents to ground, the fast grounding switch comprising: two contact members, at least one of which is movable relative to the other contact member along an actuation direction between a closed position where the contact member is electrically connected and a disconnected position where the contact member is not electrically connected, the contact members defining an arc region in which an arc is generated during current interruption operation, and in which an arc-extinguishing medium is present; and an electrically insulating member. Specifically, the movable contact member includes a first channel extending at least partially along the actuation direction, the insulating member includes a second channel extending at least partially along the actuation direction, the insulating member and the movable contact member are coupled to each other, and particularly, the channels are in fluid communication to guide the arc-extinguishing medium.

[0014] In other words, a fast grounding switch is proposed having two contact members that are movable relative to each other to establish and / or disconnect electrical contact for technical purposes, such as interrupting non-short-circuit current or diverting short-circuit current to ground or elsewhere. The movable contact members have channels and / or pathways. An insulating member is also present, having another channel / path and mechanically connected to the movable contact members, thereby forming a continuous channel through the two members to guide media and / or gas along the direction of movement of the movable contact members. The movable contact members and / or the insulating member may comprise a tubular shape. The channels are preferably connected in a fluid-tight manner. At least one of the channels may have a cylindrical shape and / or substantially define a rotational symmetry axis of the corresponding member, the rotational symmetry preferably considered in a manner at least substantially allowing small deviations from complete rotational symmetry (e.g., by connecting a rod-like member to the axis, for example, via a protrusion inclined to the axis). The insulating member can move together with the movable contact members when changing between an open and closed position.

[0015] Since the movable contact member is connected to the insulating member, the inertia of the movable part of the fast grounding switch is beneficially affected. The mass to be accelerated in the fast grounding switch can be reduced because the insulating member is designed to be largely indifferent to current transmission (since it cannot transmit current) and at least substantially considers the transmission of mechanical loads and provides a path for the arc-extinguishing medium. Therefore, lighter materials can be used, particularly for the insulating member, such as compositions comprising polymers, plastics, ceramics, and / or another insulating material or insulating material.

[0016] Additionally, it is advantageous that the current path is thus disconnected from the path of the quenching medium, allowing the source of the quenching medium to be designed with greater freedom, since the current cannot flow along both channels, but only along the first channel.

[0017] The contact members can be conductive, and preferably, at least one, both, or all of the contact members and / or portions thereof comprise metal or are at least substantially composed of metal. A contact member can be fixedly held, for example, relative to and / or within a housing, and a movable contact member can be movable along an actuation direction, for example, relative to and / or within a housing. At least one contact member and / or movable contact member, preferably a first channel, can be formed along and / or follow a path in the actuation direction. The actuation direction, the first channel, and / or the second channel are at least substantially, preferably partially, or entirely straight. Therefore, inertia can be reduced, as well as other advantages mentioned in this application.

[0018] The fast grounding switch preferably has an arc-extinguishing mechanism. The arc-extinguishing mechanism forces the extinguishing medium through a channel, preferably through a channel in the contact member and / or insulating member. Furthermore, an operating mechanism may be provided. The operating mechanism may be designed to accelerate the movable contact member and / or insulating member when moving between an open position and a closed position. The arc-extinguishing mechanism and the operating mechanism are preferably mechanically connected such that the operating mechanism is used to operate the arc-extinguishing mechanism and at least move the movable contact member. The arc-extinguishing mechanism may be mechanically connected to the insulating member and / or the contact member, particularly directly connected to or formed together with the insulating member. The arc-extinguishing mechanism and the operating mechanism are described as having various optional features and aspects, which are preferably, individually or in combination, as follows.

[0019] Optionally, the fast grounding switch, particularly the arc-blowing mechanism, has a guide tube, which is, for example, cylindrical or has a cylindrical shape. Preferably, a movable contact member, an insulating member, and / or other members are formed or connected to a piston, which is slidably arranged for linear movement between a closed position and an open position, particularly linear movement along the actuation direction between the closed and open positions. Most preferably, the insulating member is coupled to the movable contact member (e.g., the connecting portion of the contact member) on one side / end and formed or connected to the piston on the opposite side / end. The guide tube may be closed at the upper end and / or the lower end opposite to the upper end, such that the piston defines a first compression chamber with the upper end and / or a second compression chamber with the lower end, thereby slowing the movement of the piston when moving to the open position and / or moving to the closed position.

[0020] The described choice employs a gas damper provided by a piston and a guide tube at the upper and / or lower ends of the guide tube to perform deceleration, resulting in reduced wear and reduced high mechanical loads, for example, on operating mechanisms typically under maximum load, and especially during deceleration. In other words, the piston required to generate the mass flow for the arc acts as a gas damper at its end position, thereby allowing deceleration at both ends of the stroke. Furthermore, since the kinetic energy to be absorbed in the closing operation (i.e., when moving to the closed position) is much higher than that in the opening operation (i.e., when moving to the open position), the proposed solution allows for the definition of a specific damping characteristic for each direction of movement. This damping characteristic can be defined, for example, by determining the dimensions of the piston and / or guide tube (corresponding to the ends of the guide tube), or by means of a gas escape limiting device described below. Furthermore, since the gas damper has 100% efficiency, especially compared to custom oil dampers or rubber dampers with significantly lower damping efficiency of about 50%, the proposed solution eliminates the fatal backlash in the event of make-proof switching.

[0021] Fast-acting grounding switches are preferably provided as devices designed to interrupt only non-short-circuit currents, particularly as disconnecting switches, more particularly as high-voltage disconnecting switches, or grounding switches, more particularly as anti-misclosing grounding switches, or as medium- or high-voltage gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) incorporating such devices. In contrast to non-short-circuit current, the term "short-circuit current" can be understood as the current that establishes up during an initial transient phase of approximately 3 seconds after the point at which the high-voltage portion of a high-voltage-operated power grid is connected to ground. According to this definition, the term "non-short-circuit current" preferably refers to any current that does not fall within the definition of "short-circuit current" given above.

[0022] A short circuit is preferably understood as a circuit that allows current to travel along an unintended path, typically when encountering essentially no or very low impedance. Typically, such a short-circuit current is preferably interrupted within 5 seconds of its occurrence, and preferably even faster, for example, within 3 seconds, to prevent damage to the electrical network. Therefore, a current flowing from an electrical network (particularly a high-voltage or medium-voltage network) to ground via an unintended or intended path and lasting longer than 3 or 5 seconds can be considered a “non-short-circuit current.” This definition of a non-short-circuit current is preferably based solely on the duration of the non-short-circuit current and is independent of the magnitude of the non-short-circuit current or the anticipation or unintendedness of its occurrence. In particular, this definition of a non-short-circuit current can include nominal current and exclude short-circuit currents lasting less than 5 seconds. For example, such a non-short-circuit current could be a current induced between two parallel overhead lines, one line connected to ground on both sides, while the other line supplies current to a load. A non-short-circuit current induced in a grounded overhead line can be interrupted by a proposed grounding switch.

[0023] The arc-quenching medium and / or arc-extinguishing gas may include air or at least one air component, particularly selected from the group consisting of oxygen (O2) and nitrogen (N2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and mixtures thereof. Air or air components may be used as a carrier gas or background gas in an additional organofluorine compound present in the medium or gas. Particularly preferred is a carbon dioxide to oxygen ratio of 50:50 to 100:1. Further preferred is a carbon dioxide to oxygen ratio of 80:20 to 95:5, more preferably from 85:15 to 92:8, even more preferably from 87:13 to less than 90:10, and particularly about 89:11. In this regard, it has been found that the presence of oxygen at a molar fraction of at least 5% allows for the prevention of soot formation, even after a repetitive current interruption event with a relatively high current arc. On the other hand, the presence of oxygen at a molar fraction of at most 20% (i.e., 20% or less), and more particularly at most 15% (i.e., 15% or less), reduces the risk of oxidative degradation of the device materials. Organofluorine compounds can be selected from the group consisting of: fluoroethers (including ethylene oxide), especially hydrofluoroethers, fluoroketones, especially perfluoroketones, fluoroolefins, especially hydrofluoroolefins, fluoronitriles, especially perfluoronitriles, and mixtures thereof. Despite the relatively poor cooling efficiency of the carrier gas, the proposed grounding switch achieves safe operation.

[0024] The arc-extinguishing medium and / or arc-quenching gas can be any suitable gas or medium capable of fully extinguishing the arc formed between the arc contact members during current interruption operation, such as, but not limited to, inert gases, such as sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Thus, an arc is generated between the contact members in the arc region. Specifically, the gas or medium used in the circuit breaker can be SF6 gas or any other dielectric insulating medium or gas, which can be gaseous and / or liquid, and particularly can be a dielectric insulating gas or arc-quenching gas. Such a dielectric insulating medium or gas can, for example, encompass media including organofluorine compounds selected from the group consisting of fluoroethers, ethylene oxide, fluoroamines, fluoroketones, fluoroolefins, fluoronitriles, and mixtures therewith and / or decomposition products thereof. In this document, the terms “fluoroether,” “ethylene oxide,” “fluoroamine,” “fluoroketone,” “fluoroolefin,” and “fluoronitrile” refer to compounds that are at least partially fluorinated. Specifically, the term "fluoroether" encompasses both hydrofluoroethers and perfluoroethers; the term "ethylene oxide" encompasses both hydrofluoroethylene oxide and perfluoroethylene oxide; the term "fluoroamine" encompasses both hydrofluoroamine and perfluoroamine; the term "fluoroketone" encompasses both hydrofluoroketone and perfluoroketone; the term "fluoroolefin" encompasses both hydrofluoroolefin and perfluoroolefin; and the term "fluoronitrile" encompasses both hydrofluoronitrile and perfluoronitrile. Therefore, it is preferable that the fluoroethers, ethylene oxide, fluoroamines, and fluoroketones are fully fluorinated, i.e., perfluorinated.

[0025] The arc-quenching medium and / or arc-extinguishing gas may be selected from the group consisting of hydrofluoroethers, perfluoroketones, hydrofluoroolefins, perfluoronitriles, and mixtures thereof. In particular, the term "fluoroketone" as used in the context of this invention should be interpreted broadly and should encompass both fluoromonoketones and fluorodiketones, or generally fluoropolyketones. Specifically, the molecule may contain more than a single carbonyl group with side-attached carbon atoms. The term should also encompass both saturated compounds and unsaturated compounds comprising double and / or triple bonds between carbon atoms. The at least partially fluorinated alkyl chain of the fluoroketone may be straight or branched and may optionally form a ring. The dielectric insulating medium may include at least one compound that is a fluoromonoketone and / or includes at least one heteroatom, such as a nitrogen atom, an oxygen atom, and a sulfur atom, incorporated into the carbon backbone of the molecule to replace one or more carbon atoms. More preferably, the fluoromonoketone, particularly the perfluoroketone, may have from 3 to 15 or from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and particularly from 5 to 9 carbon atoms. Most preferably, fluoromonoketones may comprise exactly 5 carbon atoms and / or exactly 6 carbon atoms and / or exactly 7 carbon atoms and / or exactly 8 carbon atoms.

[0026] Furthermore, the quenching medium and / or quenching gas may include at least one compound that is a fluoroolefin selected from the group consisting of: hydrofluoroolefins (HFO) comprising at least three carbon atoms, hydrofluoroolefins (HFO) comprising exactly three carbon atoms, trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (HFO-1234ze), 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (HFO-1234yf), and mixtures thereof. The organofluorine compound may also be a fluoronitrogen, particularly a perfluoronitrogen. Specifically, the organofluorine compound may be a fluoronitrogen containing two and / or three and / or four carbon atoms, specifically a perfluoronitrogen. More particularly, the fluoronitrogen may be a perfluoroalkylnitrogen, particularly perfluoroacetonitrile, perfluoropropionitrile (C2F5CN), and / or perfluorobutyronitrile (C3F7CN). Most notably, the fluoronitrile can be perfluoroisobutyronitrile (according to formula (CF3)2CFCN) and / or perfluoro-2-methoxypropionitrile (according to formula CF3CF(OCF3)CN). Perfluoroisobutyronitrile (i.e., 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-trifluoromethylpropionitrile, also known as i-C3F7CN) is particularly preferred due to its low toxicity. The medium or gas may additionally include a background gas or carrier gas other than organofluorine compounds (especially other than fluoroethers, ethylene oxide, fluoroamines, fluoroketones, and fluoroolefins), and may be selected from the group consisting of: air, N2, O2, CO2, rare gases, H2; NO2, NO, N2O; fluorocarbons, especially perfluorinated carbons, such as CF4; CF3I, SF6; and mixtures thereof. For example, the dielectric insulating gas may be CO2.

[0027] The term high voltage preferably means a voltage ranging from 36 kV to 1,100 kV. High voltage preferably refers to a nominal voltage in the range of 72 kV to 550 kV, such as 145 kV, 245 kV, or 420 kV, or even higher. The current of the grounding switch can be in the range of 0.1 kA to 1 kA, or even higher, such as 80 kA, for three seconds. The conductor can be part of a power grid used to distribute the high voltage.

[0028] The movable contact member may optionally be axially movable relative to the guide tube. The guide tube may optionally be configured as a cylindrical member, particularly a gas-tight cylindrical member; however, the guide tube is fluidly connected to the arc region via at least one channel (particularly a first channel and / or a second channel). The upper end may optionally constitute an upper radially extending base region of the cylindrical member, and / or the lower end may optionally constitute a lower radially extending base region of the cylindrical member.

[0029] The upper end of the movable contact member is optionally, preferably indirectly, coupled to the piston of the arc-blowing mechanism. The piston is optionally integral with at least one of the movable contact member, the insulating member, or a portion thereof. The movable contact member and / or the piston may optionally extend orthogonally through the lower end, particularly through the middle of the lower end.

[0030] At least one pressure-reducing valve of the arc-blowing mechanism may optionally be disposed in the upper end and / or lower end of the guide tube. The pressure-reducing valve may be configured as a gas escape limiting device, thereby allowing for specific damping characteristics.

[0031] The piston of the arc-blowing mechanism may optionally be a disc-shaped piston arranged to slide on the inner surface of the guide tube and having a piston rod orthogonally arranged to the disc-shaped piston, the piston rod extending linearly within the guide tube along the direction of movement and / or linearly along the direction of actuation. The disc-shaped piston may optionally extend radially and / or slide gas-tightly onto the inner surface of the guide tube. In a cross-section parallel to the axial and / or actuation directions, the piston may optionally include a T-shape. The piston rod may optionally extend axially within the guide tube.

[0032] The piston rod of the arc-blowing mechanism can be formed by means of an insulating member. The insulating member can be at least a part of the piston rod of the arc-blowing mechanism. The piston rod can be partially separable from the insulating member.

[0033] The piston rod may optionally be hollow, and / or its upper end includes a damping element facing the hollow piston rod, which is surrounded by the hollow piston rod when the piston reaches the open position. The damping element may optionally include a cylindrical shape and / or extend from the upper end toward the lower end. The damping element may optionally be sized such that the outer diameter of the damping element is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow piston rod.

[0034] The piston rod may optionally have a channel. For example, when an insulating member forms at least a portion of the piston rod, a second channel forms a channel for the piston rod. The channel of the piston rod may optionally be in fluid communication with the second channel and / or the first channel. Therefore, the channel of the piston rod is preferably in fluid connection to the arc region.

[0035] The piston rod may optionally be configured as a tube, and / or the damping element may comprise a tubular shape, which preferably has a diameter smaller than that of the piston rod. The diameter may optionally be 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, or 10% smaller. The damping element may optionally extend from its upper end into the guide tube by more than 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, or 20 cm.

[0036] The disc piston optionally includes at least one piston strip element that extends linearly from the disc piston along the direction of movement toward an upper and / or lower end, and the upper and / or lower end includes a corresponding piston strip opening through which the piston strip element passes when the piston reaches an open and / or closed position. The piston strip element optionally extends in the axial direction, preferably exceeding 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, or 20 cm, and / or the piston strip element is configured as a rod. The outer diameter of the piston strip element is optionally 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, or 10% smaller than the inner diameter of the piston strip opening. Multiple parallel-extending piston strip elements can be provided. With the aid of such piston strip elements, the damping characteristics can be individually adjusted.

[0037] Optionally, the lower end includes at least one lower strip-shaped element extending linearly from the lower end toward the upper end, and / or the disc-shaped piston optionally includes a corresponding lower strip-shaped opening through which the lower strip-shaped element passes when the piston reaches the closed position. The lower strip-shaped element may optionally extend in the axial direction, preferably exceeding 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, or 20 cm, and / or the lower strip-shaped element may be configured as a rod. The outer diameter of the lower strip-shaped element may optionally be 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, or 10% smaller than the inner diameter of the lower strip-shaped opening. Multiple parallel-extending lower strip-shaped elements may optionally be provided. With the aid of such lower strip-shaped elements, the damping characteristics can be individually adjusted.

[0038] Optionally, the lower end is configured as a disc surrounding the piston rod. The lower end may optionally be connected to a guide tube in a gas-tight and / or fluid-tight manner, and / or the piston rod includes an outer diameter that is 1%, 2%, 5%, or 10% smaller than the opening surrounding the lower end of the piston rod.

[0039] The upper end of the guide tube may optionally include a gas refill valve. This gas refill valve helps prevent speed loss in the event of negative pressure. The same spring can be used for both closing and opening operations. In this case, the same energy can be used for both operations. The speed can be controlled by utilizing the gas resistance from the piston. In this way, the movable contact member can be slightly slower in the opening direction than in the closing direction, but not by much.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the contact member and the insulating member can be coupled to each other at their respective ends. Particularly and preferably for defining purposes, a first end is assigned to the movable contact member, and a second end is assigned to the insulating member. Typically, the contact member and / or the insulating member have an elongated shape along the actuation direction. Preferably, the contact member is coupled to the insulating member on one of the two facets of each member in the component. Thus, in their coupled state, the contact member and the insulating member generally have an elongated shape, wherein the channel is connected along its elongation direction. The coupling can be achieved by screwing one member of the component, for example, directly (with threads) or indirectly (using screws, etc.), to the other member of the component. Therefore, the extinguishing medium can be guided through the channel with minimal aerodynamic loss.

[0041] According to another preferred embodiment, the first end has a first surface, and the second end has a second surface. The first and second surfaces are preferably arranged to correspond to each other for engagement. This means the surfaces can be positively fitted, for example, at least inclined to and / or positively fitted along the actuation direction, and / or can establish contact in terms of area. The contact portion can be arranged in annular shape, for example, an annular shape surrounding the channel. The surfaces can be arranged at least partially to face each other. This facilitates fluid communication of the channel with almost no loss of gas (especially gas pressure) guided through it.

[0042] According to another preferred embodiment, the first surface and / or the second surface is at least partially tapered and / or annular and / or conical. The first surface may be at least partially convex or concave. The second surface may be at least partially concave or convex. This is advantageous for fluid sealing because such surfaces can be easily compressed through coupling and / or may be self-sealing.

[0043] Preferably, the first surface is partially convex and the second surface is partially concave (or vice versa). Thus, the movable contact member has a convex surface portion that can contact the concave surface portion of the insulating member, resulting in good fluid sealing and being very economical to manufacture in various cases where the convex surface of the movable contact member can be machined by turning from the outside in an easily accessible manner in the radial direction, and / or the concave surface of the insulating member can be machined by forming, particularly plastic forming and / or molding, particularly injection molding.

[0044] According to another preferred embodiment, the first end has a first support protrusion and / or the second end has a second support protrusion. One or more support protrusions can serve as stops to provide a positive fit, and / or can be used to enlarge the first and / or second surfaces to contact each other, thereby achieving even better fluid sealing. The one or more support protrusions typically project radially in at least a portion of the segment, particularly having an annular shape. The one or more support protrusions may be in the shape of a shoulder.

[0045] The support protrusions may have opposing surfaces, which are preferably tapered, annular, and / or arranged opposite to each other. The first support protrusion may thus be opposite to the second support protrusion. One or more support protrusions may have at least partially a tapered, convex, and / or concave shape.

[0046] According to another preferred embodiment, a coupling device is provided, shaped to connect a contact member to an insulating member by means of a positive fit effective at least along the actuation direction. For example, the coupling device may include or consist of at least one coupling member, such as a bolt, screw, clamp, pipe clamp, etc. In this sense, the coupling device can fasten a first end to a second end, for example, by bolting the first end to the second end. The coupling device may at least substantially have an annular shape capable of simultaneously gripping the first and second ends for coupling. The coupling device may be coated, for example, anodized. This can reduce inertia and / or provide coupling elements at low manufacturing cost and / or provide a rigid and reliable connection.

[0047] According to another preferred embodiment, the coupling device has at least one coupling element, which is circular or semi-circular and designed to at least partially surround the contact member and / or insulating member, particularly one or both ends. The coupling element may comprise steel and / or aluminum, particularly more than 50% by weight of steel or aluminum, or at least substantially composed of steel and / or aluminum. The coupling device may have two or more coupling elements, each of which may be semi-circular. More preferably, the coupling element is half a circle and / or exactly two coupling elements, preferably at least substantially similar, for example, corresponding to each other to form a circle and / or connected to each other. The coupling elements may be coated, for example, anodized. In this way, inertia can be reduced and / or the coupling elements can be provided at a low manufacturing cost and / or a rigid and reliable connection can be provided.

[0048] According to another preferred embodiment, at least one support surface of the coupling device may be provided, which is preferably tapered, annular, and / or corresponds to at least one of the support protrusions. The two support surfaces are preferably arranged facing each other and / or arranged in a V-shape. The coupling device may have a circumferential groove, particularly including a V-shape, and / or be specifically shaped to simultaneously surround and / or grip the first and second ends. This provides a reliable connection due to load distribution and / or an inherent positive fit.

[0049] According to another preferred embodiment, at least one tapered and / or chamfered and / or angled surface is provided, preferably accordingly. The first surface, the second surface, at least one supporting surface, and / or the first reverse surface and / or the second reverse surface can be chamfered or form an angle between 10 and 80 degrees with respect to the actuation direction. This angle is preferably between 30 and 60 degrees, and more preferably between 40 and 50 degrees, particularly 45 degrees. This angle is selected to reduce notch effects that could weaken the connection and / or its fatigue strength.

[0050] The first and / or second surfaces may be annular, tapered, chamfered, tapered, and / or flat in at least one or more segments. These segments are particularly radially adjacent to each other. The transition between two adjacent segments may include a fillet. One segment may lie at least substantially in a plane inclined to the actuation direction. Therefore, one segment may be closer to one or more channels than another segment, i.e., arranged radially inward. Thus, two adjacent segments may form stepped portions, etc., extending radially upward or downward. This provides a positive fit in the direction inclined to the actuation direction with good fluid sealing.

[0051] This implementation scheme enables a beneficial load distribution and the possibility of force deflection. Thus, the force generated by the connection between the contact member and the insulating member can be redirected in the actuation direction, thereby pressing the members together and enhancing fluid tightness.

[0052] According to another preferred embodiment, at least one channel in the channel has an inner diameter ranging from 5 mm to 100 mm, and from 5 mm to 50 mm, and particularly wherein the diameters are at least substantially the same. The inner diameter can be at least 5 mm, 10 mm, 25 mm, or larger. The inner diameter can reach 100 mm, 75 mm, 50 mm, 40 mm, or smaller. The inner diameter can be a nominal inner diameter, an average inner diameter, and / or a minimum inner diameter. The inner diameter can be 25 mm ± 5 mm, 30 mm ± 5 mm, or 35 mm ± 5 mm. This is to achieve low aerodynamic drag in a small size.

[0053] According to another preferred embodiment, at least one of the movable contact member and the insulating portion has a wall thickness in the range of 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly in the range of 5 mm to 40 mm, and most preferably in the range of 8 mm to 32 mm. The wall thickness can be at least 1 mm, 5 mm, 8 mm, or greater. The wall thickness can reach 50 mm, 40 mm, 32 mm, or less. The wall thickness is preferably uniform, for example, substantially constant along the respective member or portion in the circumferential and / or axial directions, preferably at least substantially partially constant. The wall thickness can be at least substantially the same. The wall thickness can be a minimum wall thickness, an average wall thickness, and / or a nominal wall thickness. The wall thickness can be 5 mm ± 1 mm. This is a good trade-off for having small inertia while maintaining sufficient mechanical stability.

[0054] According to another preferred embodiment, the movable contact member includes a contact portion that contacts another contact member and a connecting portion that connects to the contact portion. The contact portion may comprise gold, silver, copper, and / or tungsten, particularly more than 50% by weight of gold, silver, copper, and / or tungsten, or at least substantially composed of gold, silver, copper, and / or tungsten. The connecting portion may comprise steel and / or aluminum, particularly more than 50% by weight of steel and / or aluminum, or at least substantially composed of steel and / or aluminum. The contact portion and / or connecting portion may be coated with, for example, gold and / or silver.

[0055] The contact portion and the connecting portion are typically joined, particularly by a positive fit connection, at least in the actuation direction, for example, via a threaded connection, such as being screwed about the actuation direction which is considered an axis. Thus, the contact portion may include a first thread, and the connecting portion may include another thread corresponding to the first thread. The contact portion may have external threads, and the connecting portion may have internal threads, and vice versa. These portions can also be joined to each other by plastic deformation and / or pressing of the connecting portion, the contact portion, or both portions, particularly in the radial direction, to achieve a positive fit in the actuation direction. Material-to-material bonding is also possible, such as gluing, welding, brazing, etc. Such a connection can also be considered between an insulating member and a moving contact member, particularly the connecting portion, if applicable.

[0056] Preferably, the contact portion is one segment of the contact member, and the connecting portion is another segment of the contact member, for example, integrally formed, i.e., integrally formed from a single material or as a single material.

[0057] According to another preferred embodiment, the insulating member comprises plastic and / or ceramic, for example, more than 50% by weight of plastic and / or ceramic, or is composed at least substantially of plastic and / or ceramic. The insulating member can be formed as a tube and / or can be manufactured by extrusion. The insulating member may also comprise metal designed in an insulating manner, such as metal designed with an insulating coating. When fast grounding switches are used in practice, the insulating member facilitates the design of current flow paths.

[0058] According to another preferred embodiment, an arc-blowing mechanism is provided to force the arc-extinguishing medium through a first channel and / or a second channel, particularly two channels, when moving between an open position and a closed position. The arc-blowing mechanism may be formed from aspects as optionally described above and / or below and / or as shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Preferably, the operating mechanism is designed to accelerate the movable contact member when moving between an open and closed position. The operating mechanism may include: an actuation spring for actuating a closing operation of the movable contact member from the open to the closed position; and / or at least one drive rod mounted on an operating shaft to actuate an opening operation of the movable contact member from the closed to the open position. The drive rod may optionally partially reload the actuation spring during the opening operation. Furthermore, the operating mechanism may include a coupling device operatively connecting the drive rod to the movable contact member and / or the insulating member and / or the connecting portion.

[0060] This objective is further addressed by a three-pole high-voltage (HV) substation, which includes a fast grounding switch for each pole. Typically, for each pole, the substation may specifically include an operating mechanism and / or a motor for actuating the fast grounding switch for the corresponding pole. In the case of such a three-pole HV substation, the fast grounding switch may be three-pole operated, particularly including a single motor and / or a single operating mechanism, and a mechanical connection for actuating all fast grounding switch devices, or single-pole operated, particularly including a motor and / or operating mechanism for actuating the fast grounding switch device for each pole.

[0061] This objective is further addressed by using a fast grounding switch, as described above, for interrupting non-short-circuit currents and / or for directing short-circuit currents to ground. Attached Figure Description

[0062] These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from the embodiments described below and will be set forth with reference to the embodiments described below.

[0063] In the attached diagram:

[0064] Figure 1The upper portion of a fast grounding switch, shown in cross-section, is used to interrupt non-short-circuit currents and / or to divert short-circuit currents to ground.

[0065] Figure 2 Shown in 3D Figure 1 The interconnected contact components and insulating components of the fast grounding switch, and

[0066] Figure 3 Shown in three-dimensional cross-section Figure 2 The arrangement. Detailed Implementation

[0067] exist Figure 1 The figure shows a fast grounding switch 1, which is designed to interrupt non-short-circuit current and includes two contact members 2. One of the two contact members 2, which is a movable contact member 2, can move along the actuation direction Z and relative to the other contact member (not shown) which is arranged below / below the movable contact member 2.

[0068] The movable contact member 2 can be in the closed position with Figure 1 The contact member 2 moves between the disconnected positions shown in the diagram. In the closed position, the contact member 2 is electrically connected, and in the disconnected position, the contact member 2 is not electrically connected or disconnected.

[0069] The movable contact member 2 can be configured as a tulip-shaped contact member, and another contact member (not shown) can be configured as a plug contact member, or vice versa. The other contact member is typically fixedly held in, for example, the housing (not shown) of the fast grounding switch 1.

[0070] Furthermore, the two contact members 2 are typically arranged to be movable relative to each other. The two contact members 2 define an arc region (not shown in the figure), in which an arc is generated during current interruption operation, and in which an arc-quenching medium comprising an arc-quenching gas is present. The medium / gas is preferably contained within the housing of the fast grounding switch 1.

[0071] The contact member 2 has a contact portion 3 that is directed along the actuation direction Z toward another contact member (not shown), and a connecting portion 4. The connecting portion 4 is used to connect the contact member 2, and in particular the contact portion 3, to the insulating member 22. The connecting portion 4 is made of steel. The contact portion 3 is made of an alloy including copper and tungsten, and is preferably coated with gold, for example. The insulating member 22 is made of plastic and is therefore electrically insulating.

[0072] A connecting portion 4 is arranged between the contact portion 3 and the insulating member 22. The insulating member 22 is connected to corresponding ends 7, 26 of the connecting portion 4. In particular, the end 7 of the contact member 2 at the connecting portion 4 is a first end 7, which is therefore assigned to the movable contact member 2. In particular, the end 26 of the insulating member 22 is a second end 26 assigned to the insulating member 22. The ends 7, 26 are connected to each other by means of a positive fit acting in the actuation direction Z, and this is achieved by means of a connecting device 40 formed to connect the contact member 2 to the insulating member 22.

[0073] The connecting device 40 includes two connecting elements 41 and 42, each of which is semi-circular in the sense of half a circle and surrounds both the contact member 2 and the insulating member 22, particularly the ends 7 and 26 of the contact member 2 and the insulating member 22. The connecting device 40 has at least one connecting member 48, in this case, the connecting device has two connecting members 48 in the form of screws, the screws being screwed into the connecting element 41 at an angle relative to the actuation direction Z through the connecting element 42 to connect the connecting elements 41 and 42 together.

[0074] The movable contact member 2 has first channels 5 and 6 that extend at least partially along the actuation direction Z, and in this case, fully. Specifically, the contact portion 3 partially forms the first channels 5 and 6 at the reference portion 6, and the connecting portion 4 partially forms the first channels 5 and 6 at the reference portion 5. At the first end 7, the connecting portion 4 is tapered.

[0075] The insulating member 22 has a second channel 24 that extends at least partially, in this case, fully, along the actuation direction Z. At the second end 26, the insulating member 22 is partially tapered, particularly in the radial section, specifically corresponding to the first end 7.

[0076] Channels 5, 6, and 24 are fluidly connected in a fluid-tight manner to guide the extinguishing medium through channels 5, 6, and 24 with almost no loss of medium at the ends 7 and 26.

[0077] An operating mechanism 70, designed to accelerate the movable contact member 2, is coupled to the contact member 2, and in particular directly to the connecting portion 4. The mechanism 70 has an actuating spring (not shown) and a drive rod that is rotatably coupled to the connecting portion 4 (partially shown at reference numeral 70).

[0078] Here, the drive rod is made of metal, and the operating mechanism 70 is isolated from the surrounding environment. There is no path for current to flow from the connection portion 4 through the operating mechanism 70 (especially the drive rod) to the housing, etc. Similarly, the insulating member 22 electrically isolates the connection portion 4. The described grounding switch 1 can be used in a three-pole high-voltage substation, thereby including a fast grounding switch 1 for each pole, and a motor for actuating the fast grounding switch 1 for each pole.

[0079] The fast grounding switch 1 also includes a gas-tight cylindrical guide tube 103, specifically a circular hollow cylindrical member, wherein a piston 108, which is a disc-shaped piston with a disc-shaped head, is movable. The piston 8 can slide on the inner surface of the guide tube 103. An insulating member 22 forms a piston rod 107. The upper end 105 of the insulating member 22 is connected to the piston 108, thereby slidably arranging the piston 108 for linear movement in the vertical direction (which is the actuation direction Z) between a closed position and an open position within the guide tube 103. The guide tube 103 is closed at the upper end 105 and the lower end 106 opposite to the upper end.

[0080] Piston 108 defines a first compression chamber 109 with its upper end portion 105 and a second compression chamber 110 with its lower end portion 106. When piston 108 is moved between the open and closed positions, the arc-extinguishing medium in the guide tube 103, which is present in the first compression chamber 109 and the second compression chamber 110 respectively, is compressed, which in turn causes piston 108 to decelerate when it moves to the open and closed positions respectively.

[0081] Various possibilities exist for adjusting the damping characteristics of the first compression chamber 109 and the second compression chamber 110, and these possibilities can be combined, even if explained individually below. As a first measure, a gas escape limiting device formed by the pressure reducing valve 111 can be provided, which can be arranged to extend axially through the upper end 105 and / or lower end 106 of the guide tube 103.

[0082] At least one opening 113 may be provided for the gas / medium to flow into or out of the guide tube 103, for example, such as Figure 1 As shown, preferably, the opening 113 is used for the gas / medium to flow into or out of the guide tube 103 on its side. The opening 113 can be used to refill the chambers 109, 110 with gas and / or release negative or positive pressure, particularly to adjust the damping characteristics. The opening 113 can provide fluid connection between the interior of the guide tube 103 and the exterior surrounding the movable contact member 2 and / or insulating member 22.

[0083] The piston rod 107 and / or insulating member 22 are configured as hollow components with a tubular shape, allowing the extinguishing medium to flow from the arc region into the guide tube 103. In this respect, a damping element 112 in the form of a massive cylindrical component can be arranged on the upper end 105, extending towards the lower end 106 and aligned with the piston rod 107. The outer diameter of the damping element 112 is approximately 10% smaller than the inner diameter of the piston rod 107.

[0084] Thus, the piston rod 107 surrounds the damping element 112 when it reaches the open position. This means that during the movement of the piston 108 to the open position, the quenching medium is compressed within the first compression chamber 109 and subsequently attempts to escape through the entire diameter of the hollow piston rod 107. However, when the hollow piston rod 107 surrounds the damping element 112, the free diameter of the piston rod 107 used to allow the quenching medium to escape becomes much smaller, making the damping larger at the end of the movement of the piston rod 107. In a comparable manner, when the piston 108 moves to the closed position, the free diameter of the lower end 106 relative to the outer diameter of the piston rod 107 defines the damping characteristics of the second compression chamber 110.

[0085] exist Figure 2 and Figure 3 The connection / coupling between the insulating member 22 and the movable contact member 2 is described in more detail.

[0086] Figure 2 A connecting device 40 is described, which connects the contact member 2 to the insulating member 22 by means of an effective positive fit along the actuation direction Z. Two semi-circular connecting elements 41, 42 surround the contact member 2 (particularly the connecting portion 4) and the insulating member 22.

[0087] Figure 3 The cross-section through the contact member 2, the insulating member 22, and the connecting device 40, parallel to the actuation direction Z, is also described. It can be seen that the first end 7 has a first surface 8, and the second end 26 has a second surface 28, with the first and second surfaces corresponding to each other for connection. Surfaces 8 and 28 face each other and are in contact with each other in terms of area, particularly in the annular shape.

[0088] The first surface 8 and the second surface 28 are each tapered, chamfered, and / or annular in one segment S1, and flat and / or annular in another segment S2, which is radially adjacent to one segment S1. The other segment S2 lies in a plane inclined to the actuation direction. In this preferred configuration, the one segment S1 is arranged closer to the channels 5, 6, 24 than the other segment S2, to form a stepped portion, etc., extending radially inward upward at the first surface 8 and radially inward downward at the second surface 28. Conversely, or the addition of any such adjacent segments S1, S2, is preferably employed (not shown). At the first surface 8, the edges between segments S1 and S2 are pointed (i.e., without chamfers or rounded corners). At the second surface 28, the edges between segments S1 and S2 have rounded corners.

[0089] The first surface 8 is partially concave, i.e., partially conical. The second surface 28 is also partially concave, i.e. partially conical, and specifically corresponds to the first surface 8. The conical sections fit together in terms of area and achieve good fluid sealing of the channels 5 and 24.

[0090] The first surface 8 has a rounded corner at its first edge 9. The second surface 28 has a rounded corner at its second edge 29 that is smaller, equal to, or larger than the rounded corner at the first edge 9. The rounded corner is selected within the range of 0.5 mm to 5 mm. Edges 9 and 29 are adjacent to each other and form a surface transition at channels 5 and 24. Low aerodynamic drag is achieved here.

[0091] The first edge 9 and / or the second edge 29 may be chamfered or at least substantially pointed (i.e., without chamfers or rounded corners). Preferably, the first edge 9 and the second edge 29 are arranged close to each other so as to provide almost no gap (not shown).

[0092] The first end 7 has a first support protrusion 10, and the second end 26 has a second support protrusion 30. The support protrusions 10 and 30 extend radially and / or are at least substantially annular in shape. The support protrusions 10 and 30 are preferably integrally formed at the first end 7 or the second end 26, respectively.

[0093] The first support protrusion 10 has a tapered and annular reverse surface 12. The first support protrusion 10 is arranged opposite to the first surface 8 along the actuation direction Z.

[0094] The second support protrusion 30 has a tapered and annular reverse surface 32. The second support protrusion 30 is arranged opposite to the second surface 28 along the actuation direction Z.

[0095] The opposing surfaces 12 and 32 are opposite to each other, especially relative to the actuation direction Z.

[0096] exist Figure 3 As can be seen, the connecting device 40 has support surfaces 44 and 46, which are tapered and each corresponds to one of the support protrusions 10 and 30. When the connecting elements 41 and 42 are arranged in annular shapes as shown, the support surfaces 44 and 46 are particularly annular; otherwise, the support surfaces are at least partially annular and / or semi-annular. The support surfaces 44 and 46 are specifically arranged to grip the support protrusions 10 and 30 from both sides along the actuation direction Z. The support surfaces 44 and 46 are arranged in a V-shape because the support surfaces face each other and enclose a V-shape between each other.

[0097] Surfaces 8 and 28 are at least partially chamfered and annular. Both surfaces 8 and 28 form an angle A1 with respect to the actuation direction Z, where angle A1 is 45 degrees ± 2 degrees.

[0098] The opposing surfaces 12 and 32 are chamfered and form angles A2 and A3 of 45 degrees ± 2 degrees with respect to the actuation direction Z. The opposing surfaces 12 and 32 are arranged opposite to each other along the actuation direction Z. The angle A3 at the opposing surface 12 is equal to and opposite to the angle A2 at the opposing surface 32.

[0099] The support surfaces 44 and 46 are chamfered, and preferably chamfered in combination, to connect the contact member 2 and the insulating member 22. The support surfaces 44 and 46 may form an annular shape, as shown at least in part in the figures.

[0100] Support surface 44 specifically corresponds to the reverse surface 32 to achieve contact in terms of area. Support surface 46 specifically corresponds to the reverse surface 12 to achieve contact in terms of area. When the connecting device 40 is fastened to its connecting elements 41, 42 and preferably compressed in the actuation direction Z by means of compression applied to the support surfaces 44, 46, the contact member 2 and the insulating member 22 are connected and compressed in the actuation direction Z because the support surfaces 44, 46 preferably provide annular force deflection and positive fit along the actuation direction Z. Therefore, the connection provided by the connecting device 40 provides almost no clearance, and surfaces 8, 28 are compressed to achieve or at least support fluid communication of channels 5, 6, 24.

[0101] Support surfaces 44 and 46 each include angles A2 and A3 relative to the actuation direction Z. Angle A2 at support surface 44 is equal to and opposite to angle A3 at support surface 46. For clarity, angles A1, A2, and A3 are preferably measured as angles relative to the actuation direction Z within a range of up to 180 degrees and equal to or less than 90 degrees. Here, angles A2 and A3 form a V-shape that facilitates the force deflection and positive engagement of the connecting device 40.

[0102] Channel 5 has an inner diameter D1 of 30 mm ± 2 mm. Channel 6 has an inner diameter D2 of 30 mm ± 2 mm. Diameters D1 and D2 correspond at least substantially to each other. Channel 24 has an inner diameter D3 of 30 mm ± 2 mm, which preferably corresponds at least substantially to diameters D1 and / or D2.

[0103] The movable contact member 2 has a wall thickness T1 at the contact portion 3 and / or a wall thickness T2 at the connecting portion 4, wherein the wall thicknesses T1 and T2 are 4 mm ± 1 mm. The wall thickness T1 preferably corresponds at least substantially to the wall thickness T2. The insulating member 22 has a wall thickness T3 of 4 mm ± 1 mm, wherein the wall thickness T3 preferably corresponds at least substantially to the thicknesses T1 and / or T2.

[0104] The wall thicknesses T1, T2, and T3 are measured radially and / or obliquely relative to the actuation direction Z. The diameters D1, D2, and D3 and / or the thicknesses T1, T2, and T3 are preferably nominal values. Specifically, the wall thickness of the contact portion 3 and / or the connecting portion 4 decreases partially and / or along the actuation direction Z by 4 mm ± 1 mm relative to the nominal wall thickness T1, preferably in the region where the contact portion 3 and the connecting portion 4 are joined, by 4 mm ± 1 mm relative to the nominal wall thickness T1 and / or along the actuation direction Z.

[0105] The connecting portion 4 has at least one recess 14, which is in the form of a radial hole, allowing the channel 6 to be in radial fluid communication with its surrounding environment.

[0106] Although the invention has been detailed and described in the accompanying drawings and the foregoing description, such description and description should be considered illustrative or exemplary, not restrictive; the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Other variations of the disclosed embodiments can be understood and implemented by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention by studying the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite articles "a" or "an" do not exclude multiple. The mere fact that specific measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that combinations of these measures cannot be used advantageously. Any reference numerals in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

[0107] List of reference numerals

[0108] 1. Grounding switch

[0109] 2 Contact components

[0110] 3. Contact parts

[0111] 4.2 Connection part

[0112] 5 2 channels

[0113] 6 2 channels

[0114] 7 2 First end

[0115] 8 2 First surface

[0116] 9 2 First Edge

[0117] 10 2 First support protrusion

[0118] 12 2 First reverse surface

[0119] 14 2 recess

[0120] 22 Insulating Components

[0121] 24 22 channels

[0122] 26 22 Second end

[0123] 28 22 Second surface

[0124] 29 22 Second Edge

[0125] 30 22 Second support protrusion

[0126] 32 22 Second Reverse Surface

[0127] 40 Connecting Device

[0128] 41 40 connecting elements

[0129] 42 40 connecting elements

[0130] 44 40 upper support surface

[0131] 46 40 lower support surface

[0132] 48 40 connecting components (screws, etc.)

[0133] 60 Arc blowing mechanism

[0134] 70 Operating mechanism

[0135] 103 Guide tube

[0136] 105 Upper end

[0137] 106 Lower end

[0138] 107 Piston Rod

[0139] 108 Piston (Disc Piston)

[0140] 109 First Compression Chamber

[0141] 110 Second Compression Chamber

[0142] 111 Pressure reducing valve

[0143] 112 Damping element

[0144] 113 Opening

[0145] A1 angle

[0146] A2 Angle

[0147] A3 Angle

[0148] D1 Diameter

[0149] D2 diameter

[0150] D3 diameter

[0151] S1 section

[0152] S2 section

[0153] T1 thickness

[0154] T2 thickness

[0155] T3 thickness

Claims

1. A fast grounding switch (1), comprising: Two contact members (2), at least one of the two contact members (2) being movable relative to the other contact member along the actuation direction (Z) between a closed position and an open position, wherein in the closed position the contact member (2) is electrically connected and in the open position the contact member (2) is not electrically connected, the contact member (2) defining an arc region in which an arc is generated during current interruption operation and an arc-extinguishing medium is present; as well as An insulating component (22) is electrically insulating; wherein, The movable contact member (2) includes a first channel (5, 6) extending at least partially along the actuation direction (Z). The insulating member (22) includes a second channel (24) that extends at least partially along the actuation direction (Z). The insulating member (22) and the movable contact member (2) are connected to each other, and The channels (5, 6, 24) are in fluid communication to guide the arc-extinguishing medium.

2. The fast grounding switch (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The movable contact member (2) and the insulating member (22) are connected to each other at their respective ends (7, 26), wherein the first end (7) is assigned to the movable contact member (2) and the second end (26) is assigned to the insulating member (22).

3. The fast grounding switch (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The first end (7) has a first surface (8), and the second end (26) has a second surface (28), wherein the surfaces (8, 28) correspond to each other for connection, and in particular, wherein the surfaces (8, 28) are arranged at least partially to face each other.

4. The fast grounding switch (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The first surface (8) and / or the second surface (28) are at least partially tapered and annular.

5. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding two claims, wherein, The first surface (8) and / or the second surface (28) are at least partially flat and annular, and / or the first surface (8) is at least partially convex or concave, and / or the second surface (28) is at least partially concave or convex.

6. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding four claims, wherein, The first end (7) has a first support protrusion (10) and / or the second end (26) has a second support protrusion (30), and in particular, the opposing surfaces (12, 32) of the support protrusions (10, 30) are preferably tapered, annular and / or arranged opposite to each other.

7. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, the fast grounding switch comprising a coupling device (40) configured to couple the contact member (2) to the insulating member (22) by means of a positive fit effective at least along the actuation direction (Z).

8. The fast grounding switch (1) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The connecting device (40) has at least one connecting element (41, 42), at least one of the connecting elements being circular or semi-circular, and designed to at least partially surround the contact member (2) and the insulating member (22), particularly at least partially surrounding the end (7, 26), and in particular, wherein the connecting device (40) has two connecting elements (41, 42), each of the two connecting elements being semi-circular, preferably half a circle.

9. The fast grounding switch (1) according to the preceding two claims, wherein, At least one support surface (44, 46) of the connecting device (40) is tapered, annular and / or corresponds to at least one of the support protrusions (10, 30), and in particular, the two support surfaces (44, 46) are arranged to face each other and / or form a V shape.

10. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding seven claims, wherein, -The first surface (8) and / or the second surface (28), and / or -The first reverse surface (12) and / or the second reverse surface (32), and / or -The at least one supporting surface (44, 46), It is a chamfer and / or at least one angle (A1, A2) forming with the actuation direction (Z) in the range of 10 degrees to 80 degrees, preferably, the at least one angle (A1, A2) Within the range of 30 degrees to 60 degrees, and more preferably, the at least one angle (A1, A2) In the range of 40 to 50 degrees, especially 45 degrees.

11. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, At least one of the channels (5, 6, 24) has an inner diameter (D1, D2, D3) in the range of 5 mm to 100 mm, particularly between 10 mm and 50 mm, and in particular, wherein the diameters (D1, D2, D3) are at least substantially the same, and / or wherein at least one of the movable contact member (2) and the insulating member (22) has a preferred uniform wall thickness (T1, T2, T3) in the range of 1 mm to 50 mm, particularly between 8 mm and 32 mm.

12. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The movable contact member (2) includes a contact portion (3) that contacts the other contact member and a connecting portion (4) connected to the contact portion, wherein the contact portion (3) comprises copper and / or tungsten, particularly more than 50% by weight of copper and / or tungsten, or is at least substantially composed of copper and / or tungsten, and / or wherein the connecting portion (4) comprises steel and / or aluminum, particularly more than 50% by weight of steel and / or aluminum, or is at least substantially composed of steel and / or aluminum.

13. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The insulating component (22) comprises plastic and / or ceramic, and in particular more than 50% by weight of plastic and / or ceramic, or is at least substantially composed of plastic and / or ceramic.

14. The fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the fast grounding switch comprises: An arc-blowing mechanism (60) forcing the extinguishing medium through the first channel (5, 6) and / or the second channel (24) when moving between the open and closed positions; and / or an operating mechanism (70) designed to accelerate the movable contact member (2) when moving between the open and closed positions, in particular, the arc-blowing mechanism (60) being mechanically coupled to the insulating member (22).

15. A three-pole high-voltage substation, the three-pole high-voltage substation including a fast grounding switch (1) according to any one of the preceding claims for each pole, and including an operating mechanism (70) and / or a motor for actuating the fast grounding switch (1) for the corresponding pole for each pole.

Images