Comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium titano-magnetite tailings
By performing dewatering and concentration, strong magnetic iron removal, and flotation on vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, the problems of low titanium and phosphorus resource recovery rates and long flotation processes have been solved, achieving efficient recovery of titanium and phosphorus elements and process optimization, while reducing energy consumption and reagent costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511057995.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-18
AI Technical Summary
The recovery rate of titanium resources in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings is low, the phosphorus flotation process is long and costly, and the phosphorus concentrate indicators are unstable. Existing technologies make it difficult to achieve efficient and comprehensive recovery of titanium and phosphorus.
By employing a combination of dewatering concentration, strong magnetic iron removal, gravity separation, and flotation, titanium and phosphorus elements are separated and recovered through steps such as classification, grinding, strong magnetic iron removal, inclined plate desliming concentration, and flotation. This optimizes the flotation process, improves phosphorus grade, and reduces the amount of flotation pulp to be processed.
It improves the recovery rate of titanium and phosphorus, simplifies the flotation process, reduces energy consumption and reagent costs, and achieves efficient and comprehensive recovery of titanium and phosphorus.
Smart Images
Figure CN120961292A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ore dressing, in particular to a comprehensive recovery method of valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings. BACKGROUND
[0002] There are many elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite in Chengde area, and the most valuable elements for comprehensive recovery include iron, titanium, phosphorus and the like. Considering the production cost, the general ore dressing plant takes iron and titanium as the main recovery products, and carries out titanium selection after iron selection. However, due to the coarse particle size of the tailings, the recovery rate of titanium resources is low, and 3-4% of titanium in the titanium tailings is not recovered, which causes resource waste. In addition, the phosphorus in the tailings of iron selection and titanium selection is enriched to reach the industrial utilization value, and the phosphorus recovery can be carried out. However, the enrichment effect of the phosphorus before entering the flotation is poor, and only about 3% is achieved. At the same time, due to the existence of the difficult-to-recover iron and titanium elements in the tailings of iron selection and titanium selection, and the influence of the sliming minerals in the flotation slurry, the recovery rate of the phosphorus is generally low, and the phosphorus concentrate index is unstable. In order to ensure the grade of the phosphorus concentrate powder, the general flotation process is long and needs at least two stages of concentration, which not only is complex but also has high reagent cost.
[0003] In order to improve the recovery efficiency of titanium and phosphorus resources, solve the problems of titanium resource waste, long phosphorus flotation process and high cost, it is urgent to invent a comprehensive and efficient recovery and utilization technology and method of titanium and phosphorus valuable element resources. SUMMARY
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a comprehensive recovery method of valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application comprises the following steps: (1) the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are first concentrated by dehydration, and the sand is classified and ground to obtain undersize minerals; (2) the undersize minerals are concentrated by dehydration, and the iron is removed by strong magnetic separation to recover titanium, to obtain strong magnetic concentrate, strong magnetic tailings and concentrated overflow; (3) the strong magnetic concentrate obtained in step (2) is subjected to rough separation, scavenging and concentration by gravity separation to obtain titanium concentrate powder; (4) the strong magnetic tailings obtained in step (2) are subjected to inclined plate desliming concentration, and then are subjected to rough separation, concentration and scavenging by flotation after adding inhibitors and collectors to obtain phosphorus concentrate powder.
[0006] Further, in step (1), the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are concentrated by dehydration in a cyclone, and the sand is classified in a straight-line screen, the oversize minerals are ground in a ball mill, and the grinding products are classified in a high-frequency screen, and the oversize minerals of the high-frequency screen are returned to the ball mill for closed-circuit grinding; the undersize minerals of the straight-line screen classification and the high-frequency screen classification are subjected to step (2).
[0007] Further, the step (1) adopts a screen mesh with a mesh size of 0.5mm-0.6mm.
[0008] Further, the step (2) is that the undersize mineral is first concentrated by a cyclone, the cyclone sand is fed into a high-intensity magnetic machine for high-intensity magnetic iron removal and titanium recovery, and the high-intensity magnetic concentrate is fed into the step (3).
[0009] Further, the magnetic field strength of the high-intensity magnetic iron removal and titanium recovery is 6000-7000GS, and the feed concentration is 15-20%.
[0010] Further, the step (3) is that the high-intensity magnetic concentrate is first concentrated by a cyclone, the cyclone sand is fed into a spiral chute for roughing gravity separation, to obtain roughing concentrate, roughing middlings and roughing tailings; the roughing middlings are fed into the spiral chute for scavenging, to obtain scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings, and the scavenging concentrate and the roughing concentrate are combined and fed into the spiral chute for cleaning, to obtain titanium concentrate and cleaning tailings.
[0011] Further, the roughing concentrate has a titanium grade of ≥30%, and the roughing tailings have a titanium grade of ≤2%; the scavenging concentrate has a titanium grade of ≥24%, and the scavenging tailings have a titanium grade of ≤2.8%; the titanium concentrate has a titanium grade of ≥30%, and the cleaning tailings have a titanium grade of ≤8%.
[0012] Further, the step (4) is that the high-intensity magnetic tailings are subjected to inclined plate desliming concentration, and after adding an inhibitor and a collector, the high-intensity magnetic tailings are subjected to roughing flotation, to obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation tailings; the roughing flotation concentrate is subjected to cleaning, to obtain phosphorus concentrate and cleaning tailings; the roughing flotation tailings are subjected to scavenging, to obtain scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings; and the cleaning tailings and the scavenging concentrate are combined and returned to the roughing flotation.
[0013] Further, the flotation inhibitor is sodium silicate, and the relative raw ore dosage is 100-200g / t; the collector is a fatty acid soap-based collector, and the relative raw ore dosage is 800-1500g / t.
[0014] Further, the phosphorus concentrate has a phosphorus grade of ≥32.5%, and the scavenging tailings have a phosphorus grade of ≤1%.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The present application firstly carries out concentration dehydration and closed-circuit grinding and classification on the raw ore, which can ensure effective separation of useful minerals and gangue, improve the recovery rate of titanium and phosphorus, and avoid over-grinding of the monomer phosphorus with low hardness, thereby affecting the flotation effect; then, concentration is carried out to remove iron and recover titanium by strong magnetic separation, which reduces the iron content in the flotation mineral and recovers titanium minerals, thereby creating a good environment for phosphorus flotation, further enriching the phosphorus, greatly improving the phosphorus grade before flotation and reducing the flotation slurry treatment capacity, and providing a basis for titanium recovery, achieving both purposes; in the strong magnetic concentrate treatment, 30% titanium concentrate is obtained by adopting roughing, scavenging and cleaning, which is simple and easy to implement; in addition, the strong magnetic tailings are firstly concentrated by desliming to avoid the influence of fine materials on the flotation effect and index, and further remove fine phosphorus, iron and other materials that are difficult to separate, which is beneficial to the stable improvement of concentrate index, and qualified phosphorus concentrate products can be obtained by adopting roughing, scavenging and cleaning, thereby shortening the flotation process, highlighting the advantages in energy consumption and reagent cost, and realizing the comprehensive and efficient recovery and utilization of titanium and phosphorus elements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0016] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0017] Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] Figure 1 As shown, the comprehensive recovery method of valuable elements in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings includes the following steps: (1) the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are concentrated by dehydration in a cyclone, the sand is classified by a linear screen, the mineral on the screen is ground in a ball mill, and the grinding product is classified by a high-frequency screen, and the mineral on the screen of the high-frequency screen is returned to the ball mill for closed-circuit grinding; the mineral under the linear screen and the high-frequency screen is classified into step (2), and the overflow of the cyclone dehydration concentration is classified into tailings.
[0019] The feed pressure of the cyclone dehydration concentration is 0.15-0.18 MPa; the sand concentration of the cyclone dehydration concentration is ≥16 wt%, and the content of ≥0.037 mm mineral in the overflow is ≤3 wt%. The screen size of the linear screen and the high-frequency screen is 0.5-0.6 mm; the feed concentration of the ball mill grinding is controlled at 65-70 wt%; and the closed-circuit grinding product is controlled to have a fineness of -0.074 mm accounting for 45-50 wt%, and the closed-circuit grinding product is composed of the mineral under the linear screen and the mineral under the high-frequency screen.
[0020] (2) the undersize minerals are first concentrated by a cyclone, the cyclone sand is fed into a high gradient vertical ring high intensity magnetic machine for high intensity magnetic iron removal and titanium recovery, to obtain high intensity magnetic concentrate and high intensity magnetic tailings; the high intensity magnetic concentrate is fed into step (3), and the high intensity magnetic tailings are fed into step (4); the overflow of the cyclone primary concentration is fed into tailings.
[0021] The feed pressure of the cyclone primary concentration is 0.15-0.2 MPa, and the cyclone primary concentration sand concentration is controlled at 15-20 wt%; the magnetic field strength of the high intensity magnetic machine for high intensity magnetic iron removal and titanium recovery is 6000-7000 GS, and the feed concentration is 15-20 wt%; the yield of the high intensity magnetic concentrate is ≥35 wt%, the titanium grade is ≥8 wt%, and the phosphorus grade is ≤0.6 wt%, and the titanium grade of the high intensity magnetic tailings is ≤2 wt%, and the iron grade is ≤8 wt%.
[0022] (3) the high intensity magnetic concentrate obtained in step (2) is first concentrated by a cyclone, the cyclone sand is fed into a spiral chute for roughing gravity separation, to obtain roughing concentrate, roughing middlings and roughing tailings; the roughing middlings are subjected to spiral chute scavenging to obtain scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings, and the scavenging concentrate and the roughing concentrate are combined and fed into a spiral chute for cleaning, to obtain titanium concentrate and cleaning tailings; the overflow of the cyclone secondary concentration is fed into tailings, and the roughing tailings, the scavenging tailings and the cleaning tailings are fed into tailings.
[0023] The feed pressure of the cyclone secondary concentration is 0.15-0.2 MPa, and the concentration sand concentration after concentration is 25-30 wt%; the titanium grade of the roughing concentrate is ≥30 wt%, and the titanium grade of the roughing tailings is ≤2 wt%; the titanium grade of the scavenging concentrate is ≥24 wt%, and the titanium grade of the scavenging tailings is ≤2.8 wt%; the titanium grade of the titanium concentrate is ≥30 wt%, and the titanium grade of the cleaning tailings is ≤8 wt%; the comprehensive titanium tailings have a titanium grade of ≤2.5 wt%, and the comprehensive titanium tailings are composed of the overflow of the cyclone secondary concentration, the scavenging tailings, the roughing tailings and the cleaning tailings.
[0024] (4) the high intensity magnetic tailings obtained in step (2) are subjected to inclined plate desliming concentration, and the underflow is added with depressor and collector for roughing flotation, to obtain roughing flotation concentrate and roughing flotation tailings; the roughing flotation concentrate is subjected to cleaning to obtain phosphorus concentrate and cleaning tailings; the roughing flotation tailings are subjected to scavenging to obtain scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings; the cleaning tailings and the scavenging concentrate are combined and returned to the roughing flotation; the overflow of the inclined plate desliming concentration is fed into tailings, and the scavenging tailings are fed into tailings.
[0025] The underflow concentration of the inclined plate desliming concentration is controlled to be greater than or equal to 30 wt%, the content of less than or equal to 0.037 mm in the underflow is less than or equal to 20 wt%, and the phosphorus grade of the underflow is greater than or equal to 3.5 wt%; the flotation depressant is water glass, the relative raw ore dosage is 100-200 g / t, the collector is a fatty acid soap-based collector, and the relative raw ore dosage is 800-1500 g / t; the raw ore in the relative raw ore dosage is the ore amount fed into the flotation roughing, that is, the underflow of the inclined plate desliming concentration; the phosphorus grade of the phosphorus concentrate is greater than or equal to 32.5 wt%, and the phosphorus grade of the scavenging tailings is less than or equal to 1 wt%.
[0026] Example 1: The comprehensive recovery method of valuable elements in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings is as follows.
[0027] The technical indexes of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are as follows: the titanium grade is 4.0% (wt), the iron grade is 12.5% (wt), and the phosphorus grade is 2.0% (wt).
[0028] The operation parameters are as follows: the concentration of the thickened sand of the titanium separation tailings cyclone is 16%, the content of greater than or equal to 0.037 mm minerals in the overflow is 3%, and the grinding fineness is 45% of -0.074 mm.
[0029] The strong magnetic feeding concentration is 20%, the strong magnetic concentrate yield is 38% (wt), the titanium grade is 8.6% (wt), the phosphorus grade is 0.5% (wt), the titanium grade of the strong magnetic tailings is 2% (wt), the iron grade is 7.8% (wt), and the phosphorus grade is 3.4% (wt).
[0030] The gravity separation feeding concentration is 28%, the titanium grade of the roughing concentrate is 30% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 2.1% (wt), the titanium grade of the scavenging concentrate is 24% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 2.6% (wt), the titanium grade of the cleaning concentrate is 32% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 7.8% (wt), and the titanium grade of the comprehensive titanium separation tailings is 2.5% (wt).
[0031] The underflow concentration of the inclined plate is 32%, the phosphorus grade is 3.5%, and the content of less than or equal to 0.037 mm is 15%; the water glass dosage is 120 g / t, the collector dosage is 900 g / t, the phosphorus concentrate grade is 32.5% (wt), and the phosphorus grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.7% (wt).
[0032] Example 2: The comprehensive recovery method of valuable elements in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings is as follows.
[0033] The technical indexes of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are as follows: the titanium grade is 3.8% (wt), the iron grade is 12.2% (wt), and the phosphorus grade is 3.0% (wt).
[0034] The operation parameters are as follows: the concentration of the dewatering and concentration of the cyclone is 17%, the content of the overflow of ≥0.037 mm mineral is 3%, and the grinding fineness is 45% of -0.074 mm.
[0035] The feed concentration of the strong magnetic separation is 18%, the yield of the strong magnetic concentrate is 36% (wt), the titanium grade is 8.1% (wt), the phosphorus grade is 0.6% (wt), the titanium grade of the strong magnetic tailings is 1.8% (wt), the iron grade is 7.5% (wt), and the phosphorus grade is 4.0% (wt).
[0036] The feed concentration of the gravity separation is 25%, the titanium grade of the roughing concentrate is 29% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 2.0% (wt), the titanium grade of the scavenging concentrate is 25% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 2.8% (wt), the titanium grade of the cleaning concentrate is 30.5% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 7.5% (wt), and the titanium grade of the comprehensive tailings is 2.4% (wt).
[0037] The inclined plate underflow concentration is 35%, the phosphorus grade is 4.5%, the content of ≤0.037 mm is 10%, the water glass dosage is 100 g / t, the collector dosage is 1100 g / t, the phosphorus concentrate grade is 32.5% (wt), and the phosphorus grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.8% (wt).
[0038] Example 3: The comprehensive recovery method of the valuable elements in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings is as follows.
[0039] The technical indexes of the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are as follows: the titanium grade is 3.5% (wt), the iron grade is 11.8% (wt), and the phosphorus grade is 3.5% (wt).
[0040] The operation parameters are as follows: the concentration of the dewatering and concentration of the cyclone is 16%, the content of the overflow of ≥0.037 mm mineral is 3%, and the grinding fineness is 45% of -0.074 mm.
[0041] The feed concentration of the strong magnetic separation is 20%, the yield of the strong magnetic concentrate is 35% (wt), the titanium grade is 8.01% (wt), the phosphorus grade is 0.8% (wt), the titanium grade of the strong magnetic tailings is 2% (wt), the iron grade is 7.5% (wt), and the phosphorus grade is 5.0% (wt).
[0042] The feed concentration of the gravity separation is 25%, the titanium grade of the roughing concentrate is 31% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 1.9% (wt), the titanium grade of the scavenging concentrate is 25% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is ≤2.8% (wt), the titanium grade of the cleaning concentrate is 30.5% (wt), the titanium grade of the tailings is 7.9% (wt), and the titanium grade of the comprehensive tailings is 2.4% (wt).
[0043] The inclined plate underflow concentration is 35%, the phosphorus grade is 5.3%, the content of ≤0.037 mm is 12%, the water glass dosage is 110 g / t, the collector dosage is 1200 g / t, the phosphate concentrate grade is 33.0% (wt), and the sweeping tailings phosphorus grade is 1.0% (wt).
Claims
1. A comprehensive method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, characterized in that, The following steps are included: (1) The vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are first dehydrated and concentrated, then classified and ground by sand settling to obtain undersize minerals; (2) The undersized minerals are concentrated, dehydrated, and subjected to strong magnetic iron removal and titanium recovery to obtain strong magnetic concentrate, strong magnetic tailings and concentrated overflow; (3) The strong magnetic concentrate obtained in step (2) is subjected to gravity separation roughing, scavenging and cleaning to obtain titanium concentrate; (4) The strong magnetic tailings obtained in step (2) are deslimed and concentrated by inclined plate, and after adding inhibitors and collectors, they are subjected to flotation roughing, cleaning and scavenging to obtain phosphate concentrate.
2. The comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (1): The vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are dewatered and concentrated by a hydrocyclone, the sand is sent to a linear screen for classification, the oversize minerals are sent to a ball mill for grinding, the grinding product is sent to a high frequency screen for classification, and the oversize minerals of the high frequency screen are returned to the ball mill for closed-circuit grinding; the undersize minerals of the linear screen and high frequency screen classification are sent to step (2).
3. The comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the sieve mesh size used for grading is 0.5mm to 0.6mm.
4. The comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (2): The screened minerals are first concentrated by a hydrocyclone, and the hydrocyclone sediment enters a strong magnetic machine for strong magnetic removal of iron and titanium. The strong magnetic concentrate enters step (3).
5. The comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field strength for the strong magnetic removal of iron and titanium is 6000-7000 GS, and the feed concentration is 15-20%.
6. The comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (3): The strong magnetic concentrate is first concentrated twice by a hydrocyclone, and the sand is fed into a spiral sluice for gravity separation and roughing to obtain rough concentrate, rough medium concentrate and rough tailings; the rough medium concentrate is then scavenged in a spiral sluice to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings, and the scavenged concentrate and rough concentrate are combined and fed into a spiral sluice for further cleaning to obtain titanium concentrate and cleaned tailings.
7. A comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roughing concentrate has a titanium grade of ≥30%, and the roughing tailings has a titanium grade of ≤2%; the scavenging concentrate has a titanium grade of ≥24%, and the scavenging tailings has a titanium grade of ≤2.8%; the titanium concentrate has a titanium grade of ≥30%, and the selected tailings has a titanium grade of ≤8%.
8. A comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Step (4): The strong magnetic tailings are deslimed and concentrated by inclined plate, and after adding inhibitors and collectors, they are subjected to flotation roughing to obtain flotation roughing concentrate and flotation roughing tailings; the flotation roughing concentrate is further refined to obtain phosphate concentrate and refined tailings; the flotation roughing tailings are then scavenged to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings; the refined tailings and scavenged concentrate are combined and returned to flotation roughing.
9. A comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The flotation depressant is water glass, with a relative dosage of 100-200 g / t of raw ore; the collector is a fatty acid soap-based collector, with a relative dosage of 800-1500 g / t of raw ore.
10. A comprehensive recovery method for valuable elements in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The phosphorus concentrate has a grade of ≥32.5%, and the phosphorus grade of the scavenged tailings is ≤1%.