Wear-resistant cotton and linen fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cotton and linen fabrics, in particular to a wear-resistant cotton and linen fabric and a preparation method thereof. The fabric is sequentially provided with a wear-resistant layer, a buffer layer and a base layer from outside to inside, the wear-resistant layer is formed by weaving cotton and linen blended yarns treated by finishing liquid, and the finishing liquid contains modified nano cellulose and PMMA microcapsules coating nano SiOparticles; the buffer layer is formed by weaving covering yarns formed by covering polyester filaments with flax, and the base layer is formed by weaving cotton and flax blended yarns. According to the scheme, through the synergistic effect of the three layers of composite structures, the modified nano cellulose forms a micro-convex structure to disperse friction stress, the microcapsules release nano SiO to achieve self-repairing when being abraded, and meanwhile the binding force of the material and the fibers is enhanced through a functional finishing process. The finally prepared fabric has high wear resistance, a self-repairing function and good air permeability and softness and is suitable for high-friction scenes, the service life of the fabric is prolonged, and comfort is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cotton linen fabric, in particular to a wear-resistant cotton linen fabric and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cotton linen fabric is a blend of cotton fiber and hemp fiber (usually flax fiber). Due to its natural and environmentally friendly properties, it is widely used in summer clothing, home textile products (such as bedding and curtains), and some home decorations. The softness and comfort of cotton fiber make the fabric very suitable for direct contact with the skin, while the hemp fiber gives the fabric high strength, durability, and a cool feeling. Due to its natural texture and comfortable wearing experience, cotton linen fabric has always been favored by consumers.

[0003] However, although cotton linen fabric has many advantages, its wear resistance is a significant shortcoming. Hemp fiber is strong but rough on the surface, which can easily cause wear, fuzzing, and even breakage in high-friction environments; cotton fiber is relatively soft and easily worn, especially under frequent friction, which can accelerate the aging of the fabric. In some high-frequency contact or high-strength use scenarios, the wear resistance of cotton linen fabric directly affects the appearance and service life of the fabric.

[0004] With the gradual deepening of environmental protection and sustainable consumption concepts, consumers' demand for high-quality, long-lasting products is increasing, and the wear resistance of cotton linen fabric has become a bottleneck limiting its widespread application. In some high-friction environments, such as workwear, outdoor equipment, and sofa covers, ordinary cotton linen fabric is easily damaged and even shows obvious wear marks, which affects both the appearance and the service life of the fabric.

[0005] In order to expand the application range of cotton linen fabric and improve its market competitiveness, it is crucial to develop a cotton linen fabric that combines durability and comfort. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a wear-resistant cotton linen fabric and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] The wear-resistant cotton linen fabric and the preparation method thereof provided by the present application adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a wear-resistant cotton linen fabric, which adopts the following technical solutions: A wear-resistant cotton linen fabric, which is sequentially provided from the outside to the inside with a base layer, a buffer layer, and a wear-resistant layer; the base layer is woven from cotton linen blended yarn, the buffer layer is woven from core-spun yarn with flax covering polyester filaments, and the wear-resistant layer is woven from cotton linen blended yarn treated with a finishing liquid; the finishing liquid contains modified nanocellulose and PMMA microcapsules, and the PMMA microcapsules encapsulate nano-SiO2 particles.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the base layer provides air permeability and comfort, the buffer layer absorbs friction energy, and the wear-resistant layer directly bears friction impact, and the three layers synergistically improve the comprehensive performance; the modified nanocellulose is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the wear-resistant layer, and when the clothes are rubbed, the modified nanocellulose can avoid direct contact between the fabric and the outside world; when the fabric is further worn, the microcapsules are broken, and the nano-SiO2 particles are released to timely fill the worn parts and avoid yarn breakage.

[0009] Preferably, the modified nanocellulose is nanocellulose modified by a titanate coupling agent.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of the nanocellulose is grafted with a hydrophobic organic group by using a titanate coupling agent to reduce the agglomeration tendency, and the surface of the modified nanocellulose is wrapped with an organic functional group, so that direct contact between particles is reduced, further reducing the agglomeration tendency, thereby improving the dispersion uniformity of the nanocellulose in the finishing liquid.

[0011] Preferably, in the finishing liquid, 6-15 wt% of the modified nanocellulose and 12-18 wt% of the PMMA microcapsules are contained.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the concentration range is controlled to avoid insufficient function caused by too low concentration, and to avoid coating embrittlement caused by too high concentration, thereby avoiding affecting the comfort of the fabric.

[0013] Preferably, the nano-SiO2 particles are spherical particles.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of the spherical particles is relatively smooth and has strong fluidity, and is easy to uniformly deposit and fill in the worn parts, and can also avoid causing secondary wear to the area to be repaired.

[0015] In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant cotton and linen fabric, which adopts the following technical solution: A preparation method of a wear-resistant cotton and linen fabric, comprising the following steps: S1, modified nanocellulose preparation: after drying the nanocellulose, high-temperature reaction is carried out with a titanate coupling agent, the reaction product is dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion liquid; S2, microcapsule preparation: the oil phase contains MMA monomer and nano-SiO2 particles, and the water phase contains polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl sulfate; the oil phase is dropped into the water phase, high-speed shearing emulsification is carried out, and then an initiator is added for polymerization; after the product is separated and dried, PMMA microcapsules are prepared; S3, finishing liquid preparation: the PMMA microcapsules and the water-based acrylic resin are added to the dispersion liquid, and stirring is carried out to obtain a finishing liquid; S4, yarn preparation: the cotton and linen blended yarn is immersed in the finishing liquid, and a padding process is performed to obtain a functional yarn; a polyester filament is used as a core yarn, and a linen fiber is used as an outer wrapping fiber to obtain a core-spun yarn; S5, fabric weaving: the cotton and linen blended yarn and the functional yarn are arranged to form a wear-resistant layer; the core-spun yarn is interwoven with the warp yarn to form a buffer layer; the cotton and linen blended yarn is woven to form a base layer; during the weaving process, an integrated weaving process is adopted, and the three layers are tightly combined through junction points to obtain a finished fabric.

[0016] Preferably, after the step S5, a step S6 of functional finishing is further included, in which the finished fabric is subjected to functional finishing through a three-dip-three-pad process.

[0017] Preferably, in the step S6, the finished fabric is first immersed in a citric acid buffer solution with a pH of 5.0-5.3, and then subjected to normal-temperature immersion, roller pressing and drying; the once-immersed fabric is immersed in the finishing liquid, and then subjected to normal-temperature immersion, roller pressing and drying; the twice-immersed fabric is immersed in a modified starch-based cross-linking liquid, and then subjected to normal-temperature immersion, roller pressing and drying.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the citric acid buffer solution is used to activate the fiber surface and enhance the surface activity of the fiber; the finishing liquid supplements functional materials to ensure uniform distribution of the surface functional materials; and the starch-based cross-linking liquid can be solidified at a low temperature to avoid damage to the cross-linked components.

[0019] Preferably, in the step S3, after stirring, the pH of the finishing liquid is adjusted to 5.0-5.5.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the weakly acidic environment prevents the microcapsules from breaking prematurely, and ensures that the repair agent is released only when worn.

[0021] Preferably, in the step S5, 15-20 junction points are arranged per 10 cm2.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, it is ensured that the three layers are firmly combined, while the softness of the fabric is avoided.

[0023] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present application are as follows: the present application has good functional synergy, and the three-layer composite structure takes into account air permeability, energy absorption and wear resistance; modified nanocellulose is added to enhance wear resistance; and a microcapsule structure is added to achieve self-repairing, so that a cotton and linen fabric with durability and comfort is finally developed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples.

[0025] Raw materials and intermediates

[0026] Titanate coupling agent: NDZ102 titanate coupling agent was selected.

[0027] Oil phase: including MMA monomer and nano-SiO2 particles, the mass ratio of MMA: SiO2 was 10:1, and the nano-SiO2 particles were spherical particles with an average particle size of 25-35 nm.

[0028] Aqueous phase: including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, concentration 2 wt%) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, concentration 0.5 wt%).

[0029] Initiator: ammonium persulfate (APS, concentration 0.1 wt%).

[0030] Water-based acrylic resin: content ≥98.7%.

[0031] Wear-resistant layer: cotton and linen blended yarn and functional yarn were woven into 2 / 1 twill with a ratio of 4:1 to form a 0.8 mm micro-convex surface to make a wear-resistant layer.

[0032] Buffer layer: core-spun yarn was used as weft yarn and interwoven with warp yarn (cotton and linen blended yarn) to form a plain weave with a weft density of 220 ends / 10 cm to make a buffer layer.

[0033] Base layer: cotton and linen blended yarn (3:2 ratio) was woven with honeycomb weave, with a warp density of 150 ends / 10 cm and a weft density of 180 ends / 10 cm to make a base layer.

[0034] 10% modified starch-based colloid: solid content 10±0.5%, crosslinking agent type epoxy chloropropane, viscosity 200-300 mPa·s, model TX-1001.

[0035] Commercial cotton and linen fabric: purchased from Hangzhou Hengfeng Textile Auxiliaries Co., Ltd. Examples

[0036] Example 1

[0037] S1, preparation of modified nanocellulose: after drying the nanocellulose, it was reacted with the titanate coupling agent at 80°C for 30 minutes, and the reaction product was dispersed in water to prepare a dispersion liquid with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0038] S2, preparation of microcapsules: microcapsules coated with nano-SiO2 particles were prepared by interfacial polymerization; The oil phase contained MMA monomer and nano-SiO2 particles, and the mass ratio of MMA: SiO2 was 10:1, and the aqueous phase contained PVA and SDS. The oil phase was slowly dropped into the aqueous phase, and emulsified at a high speed of 1200 rpm for 20 min to form an emulsion; The emulsion was heated to 75°C, and the APS initiator was added, and the reaction was carried out for 4 h to obtain the product to be separated; The product to be separated was centrifuged at a speed of 3000 rpm for 10 min, washed with deionized water for 3 times, and dried at 40°C to obtain the PMMA microcapsules.

[0039] S3, finishing liquid preparation: PMMA microcapsules and water-based acrylic resin were added to the dispersion liquid obtained in S1, and the dispersion liquid: PMMA microcapsules: water-based acrylic resin = 100 ml: 15 g: 5 g, stirring at a speed of 500 rpm for 2 h to obtain the finishing liquid; the finishing liquid was adjusted to pH 5.0-5.5 with citric acid, and stored for standby.

[0040] S4, yarn preparation: the cotton and linen blended yarn (60S) was immersed in the finishing liquid containing modified nanocellulose and microcapsules, and was subjected to a two-dip-two-pad process (pad ratio 80%, pressure 2.5 kg / cm²), and was pre-dried at 80°C for 3 minutes to make the functional materials firmly adhere to the fiber surface to obtain the functional yarn; Polyester filaments (40D / 24f cross-section) were used as core yarns, and flax fibers were used as outer wrapping fibers to make core-spun yarns.

[0041] S5, fabric weaving: the cotton and linen blended yarns were arranged to form a wear-resistant layer; the core-spun yarns were interwoven with warp yarns to form a buffer layer; and the cotton and linen blended yarns were woven to form a base layer. During weaving, an integrated weaving process was adopted, and the three layers were tightly combined through the bonding points, and 15-20 bonding points were arranged per 10 cm² to obtain the finished fabric.

[0042] S6, functional finishing step: the finished fabric was subjected to functional finishing through a three-dip-three-pad process. First dip: the finished fabric was immersed in a citric acid buffer solution with pH 5.0, and was dipped at room temperature for 5 min, and was pressed by a roller, and the pad ratio was controlled at 85%, and then was pre-dried at 80°C for 2 min to remove excess water; Second dip: the fabric after the first dip was immersed in the finishing liquid obtained in S3, and was dipped at room temperature for 5 min, and was pressed by a roller, and the pad ratio was controlled at 80%. Then it was pre-dried at 80°C for 3 min. Third dip: the fabric after the second dip was immersed in 10% modified starch-based colloid, and was dipped at room temperature for 3 min. It was pressed by a roller, and the pad ratio was controlled at 75%. It was dried at 80°C for 2 min to complete the crosslinking reaction to obtain the wear-resistant cotton and linen fabric.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that in Example 2, the functional finishing step S6 is not provided. Comparative Example

[0045] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 used a commercially available cotton and linen fabric.

[0046] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 1 in that the cotton linen blended yarn used to weave the wear-resistant layer in S5 in Comparative Example 2 is not treated with the finishing liquid, and the specific preparation method is as shown below: S1, preparation of modified nanocellulose: after drying the nanocellulose, react with titanate coupling agent at 80°C for 30 minutes, disperse the reactants in water to obtain a dispersion liquid with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0047] S2, preparation of microcapsules: prepare microcapsules coated with nano-SiO2 particles by interfacial polymerization; The oil phase contains MMA monomers and nano-SiO2 particles, and the mass ratio of MMA:SiO2 is 10:1, and the water phase contains PVA and SDS, slowly drop the oil phase into the water phase, emulsify at high speed of 1200 rpm for 20 min, form an emulsion; Heat the emulsion to 75°C, add APS initiator, react for 4h to obtain the product to be separated; Centrifuge the product to be separated at a speed of 3000 rpm for 10 min, wash with deionized water for 3 times, and then dry at 40°C to obtain PMMA microcapsules.

[0048] S3, preparation of finishing liquid: add PMMA microcapsules and water-based acrylic resin to the dispersion liquid obtained in S1, dispersion liquid:PMMA microcapsules:water-based acrylic resin =100ml:15g:5g, stir at a speed of 500 rpm for 2h to obtain the finishing liquid; adjust the pH of the finishing liquid to 5.0-5.5 with citric acid, and store for use.

[0049] S4, yarn preparation: use polyester filament (40D / 24f cross-section) as core yarn and flax fiber as outer wrapping fiber to make core-spun yarn.

[0050] S5, fabric weaving: weave the cotton linen blended yarn into 2 / 1 twill structure to form the wear-resistant layer; the preparation of the buffer layer and the base layer is the same as in Example 1; During weaving, use integrated weaving process, tightly combine the three layers through the joint points, set 15-20 joint points per 10cm² to obtain the finished fabric.

[0051] S6, functional finishing step: perform functional finishing on the finished fabric by three-dip-three-nip process; First dip: dip the finished fabric into a citric acid buffer solution with pH 5.0, soak at room temperature for 5 min, press with a roller, and control the rolling rate at 85%, then pre-dry at 80°C for 2 min to remove excess water; Second dip: the fabric after the first dip is immersed in the finishing liquid obtained in S2, and soaked at room temperature for 5 minutes. The fabric is pressed by a roller, and the pick-up rate is controlled at 80%. Then, the fabric is pre-dried by hot air at 80°C for 3 minutes; Third dip: the fabric after the second dip is immersed in 10% modified starch-based colloid, and soaked at room temperature for 3 minutes. The fabric is pressed by a roller, and the pick-up rate is controlled at 75%. The fabric is dried by hot air at 80°C for 2 minutes to complete the cross-linking reaction, and a wear-resistant cotton-linen fabric is obtained.

[0052] Comparative Example 3 The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that no PMMA microcapsules coated with SiO2 particles are added in the finishing liquid in Comparative Example 3. The specific preparation method is as follows: S1, preparation of modified nanocellulose: after the nanocellulose is dried, it is reacted with a titanate coupling agent at 80°C for 30 minutes. The reaction product is dispersed in water to obtain a dispersion liquid with a concentration of 10 wt%.

[0053] S2, preparation of finishing liquid: the dispersion liquid obtained in S1 is added with water-based acrylic resin, and the dispersion liquid: water-based acrylic resin = 100 ml: 5 g. The mixture is stirred at a speed of 500 rpm for 2 hours to obtain the finishing liquid. The pH of the finishing liquid is adjusted to 5.0-5.5, and the finishing liquid is stored for use.

[0054] S3, preparation of yarn: the cotton-linen blended yarn (60S) is immersed in the finishing liquid containing modified nanocellulose, and a two-dip-two-roll process (pick-up rate 80%, pressure 2.5 kg / cm²) is performed. The fabric is pre-dried at 80°C for 3 minutes to make the functional material firmly adhere to the surface of the fiber, and a functional yarn is obtained. A core-spun yarn is prepared by taking polyester filament (40D / 24f cross-section) as the core yarn and flax fiber as the outer wrapping fiber.

[0055] S4, fabric weaving: the cotton-linen blended yarn and the functional yarn are arranged to form a wear-resistant layer; the core-spun yarn and the warp yarn are interwoven to form a buffer layer; and the cotton-linen blended yarn is woven to form a base layer. During the weaving process, an integrated weaving process is adopted, and the three layers are tightly combined through the joint points. 15-20 joint points are arranged per 10 cm² to obtain the finished fabric.

[0056] S5, functional finishing step: the finished fabric is subjected to functional finishing through a three-dip-three-roll process. First dip: the finished fabric is immersed in a citric acid buffer solution with a pH of 5.0, and soaked at room temperature for 5 minutes. The fabric is pressed by a roller, and the pick-up rate is controlled at 85%. Then, the fabric is pre-dried by hot air at 80°C for 2 minutes to remove excess water. Second dip: the fabric after the first dip is immersed in the finishing liquid obtained in S2, and soaked at room temperature for 5 minutes. The fabric is pressed by a roller, and the pick-up rate is controlled at 80%. Then, the fabric is pre-dried by hot air at 80°C for 3 minutes; Three dips: after the second dip, the fabric is dipped into 10% modified starch-based colloid, and soaked at room temperature for 3 minutes. The rolling is pressed, and the rolling rate is controlled at 75%. Hot air drying at 80°C for 2 minutes, and the cross-linking reaction is completed, to obtain the wear-resistant cotton linen fabric. Performance detection test

[0057] To further study the influence of each component and preparation parameter on the performance of the fabric, the present application further carries out the following examples for verification.

[0058] Wear resistance detection

[0059] The wear resistance test data of examples 1 and 2 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in table 1.

[0060] The research results show that: 1) The wear resistance of examples 1 and 2 is significantly higher than that of comparative examples 1 and 2. This is because after modification of the titanate coupling agent, the surface of nanocellulose is grafted with hydrophobic groups, and its agglomeration tendency is reduced, which can be more uniformly dispersed in the finishing liquid, so as to be more uniformly distributed on the surface of the wear-resistant layer and form a micro-convex structure. Through physical protrusion, the area of direct contact between the fabric and the outside world can be reduced, and the friction stress concentration can be reduced; At the same time, the PMMA capsule is coated with nano-SiO2, and in the friction process, the microcapsule is broken due to mechanical pressure, and nano-SiO2 is naturally released and quickly fills the wear area, forming a dense protective layer and delaying the yarn breakage; The above factors work together, which makes the wear resistance of the examples greatly increase compared with the comparative examples.

[0061] 2) The wear resistance of comparative example 2 is better than that of comparative example 1, which shows the benefits of functional finishing of the whole fabric. However, the wear-resistant layer in comparative example 2 is not subjected to functional finishing in advance, which leads to the lack of protection of modified nanocellulose and microcapsules.

[0062] Self-repairing detection

[0063] The self-repairing test data of example 1 and comparative example 3 are shown in table 2.

[0064]

[0065] The research results show that: 1) Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 3 only contains modified nanocellulose, which can delay the initial wear through the micro convex structure, but cannot dynamically fill the wear area, resulting in direct stress on the fiber during secondary friction, accelerating damage. It is not difficult to find that SiO2 particles significantly improve the mechanical property recovery ability.

[0066] Moisture permeability test

[0067] The moisture permeability test data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 3.

[0068]

[0069] The research results show that: 1) Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 (i.e. commercially available product) have good moisture permeability, which may be because the modified nanocellulose and PMMA microcapsules are much smaller than the diameter of cotton and linen fibers (micron level), and only occupy a small space between fibers after dispersion, without significantly affecting the air permeability; and the base layer adopts honeycomb organization to form a regular pore structure; the warp and weft density of the buffer layer and the wear-resistant layer further balances the functionality and air permeability.

[0070]

[0071] The softness test data of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 4.

[0072]

[0073] The research results show that: 1) As can be seen from Table 4, the combined application of node density and flexible resin makes the comprehensive score of Example 1 equal to that of commercially available fabric. In Example 1, limited nodes are used to achieve the close combination of the three layers, while avoiding the stiffness of the fabric caused by too many nodes; the water-based acrylic resin forms a flexible film layer in the finishing liquid, giving the coating elasticity and avoiding brittleness.

[0074] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made in the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wear resistant, cotton-linen fabric, characterized in that: From outside to inside, a base layer, a buffer layer and a wear-resistant layer are sequentially arranged; the base layer is woven by cotton linen blended yarn, the buffer layer is woven by core-spun yarn with flax covering polyester filament, and the wear-resistant layer is woven by cotton linen blended yarn treated by finishing liquid; the finishing liquid contains modified nanocellulose and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) microcapsules, and the PMMA microcapsules contain nanometer SiO2 particles.

2. A wear resistant cotton-linen fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified nanocellulose is nanocellulose modified by titanate coupling agent.

3. A wear resistant cotton-linen fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the finishing liquid, 6-15 wt% of modified nanocellulose and 12-18 wt% of PMMA microcapsules are contained.

4. A wear resistant linen / cotton fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nanometer SiO2 particles are spherical particles.

5. A process for the preparation of a wear resistant cotton-linen fabric, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of modified nanocellulose: after drying the nanocellulose, high-temperature reaction is carried out with titanate coupling agent, and the reaction product is dispersed in water to obtain a dispersion liquid; S2, preparation of microcapsules: the oil phase contains methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer and nanometer SiO2 particles, and the water phase contains polyvinyl alcohol and sodium dodecyl sulfate; the oil phase is dropped into the water phase, high-speed shearing emulsification is carried out, an initiator is added for polymerization, the product is separated and dried to obtain PMMA microcapsules; S3, preparation of finishing liquid: the PMMA microcapsules and water-based acrylic resin are added to the dispersion liquid, and stirring is carried out to obtain the finishing liquid; S4, preparation of yarn: the cotton linen blended yarn is immersed in the finishing liquid by padding process to obtain functional yarn; the core yarn is made of polyester filament, and the outer wrapping fiber is flax fiber to obtain core-spun yarn; S5, fabric weaving: the cotton linen blended yarn and the functional yarn are arranged to form the wear-resistant layer; the core-spun yarn and the warp yarn are interwoven to form the buffer layer; the cotton linen blended yarn is woven to form the base layer; in the weaving process, an integrated weaving process is adopted, and the three layers are tightly combined through the joint points to obtain the finished fabric.

6. A method of making a wear resistant linen / cotton fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that, After S5, S6, functional finishing step is further included: the finished fabric is subjected to functional finishing through three-dip-three-pad process.

7. A method of making a wear resistant hessian fabric according to claim 6, characterised in that, In S6, the finished fabric is first immersed in citric acid buffer solution with pH 5.0-5.3, dipped at room temperature, pressed by roller, and dried; the once-dipped fabric is immersed in the finishing liquid, dipped at room temperature, pressed by roller, and dried; the twice-dipped fabric is immersed in modified starch-based cross-linking liquid, dipped at room temperature, pressed by roller, and dried.

8. A method of making a wear resistant hessian fabric according to claim 5, characterised in that: In S3, after stirring, the pH of the finishing liquid is adjusted to 5.0-5.

5.

9. A process for making a wear resistant cotton-linen fabric as claimed in claim 5, wherein: In S5, 15-20 joint points are arranged per 10 cm².

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