Rock breaking hob mechanism, using method thereof and tunnel boring machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a rock breaking hob mechanism, a using method of the rock breaking hob mechanism and a tunnel boring machine. The rock breaking hob mechanism comprises a cutterhead, a first hob, a second hob and a nozzle. The cutterhead is configured to be rotatable; the first hob is arranged on the cutterhead; the second hob is arranged on the cutterhead, the first hob protrudes out of the second hob in the axis direction of the cutterhead, and the distance between the first hob and the axis is not equal to the distance between the second hob and the axis in the radial direction of the cutterhead; the nozzle is arranged on the cutter head, the distance between the nozzle and the axis is equal to the distance between the first hob and the axis in the radial direction, and the nozzle is configured to jet fluid. According to the rock breaking hob mechanism provided by the invention, the first hob and the nozzles are cooperatively matched, so that the use amount of the nozzles is reduced, the energy consumption of high-pressure water jet is reduced, and the defect that the cutting seam depth of the high-pressure water jet is limited under a high moving speed working condition is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hard rock drilling and excavation technology, and in particular to rock-breaking roller cutter mechanisms and their usage methods, as well as tunnel boring machines. Background Technology

[0002] Hard rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are large-scale tunnel construction equipment integrating tunneling, support, and muck removal functions, primarily used for tunnel excavation in rock formations. However, their construction efficiency is low in intact, extremely hard rock masses, where the cutterhead produces small, thin muck flakes under high total thrust, along with a large amount of rock dust. By employing high-pressure water jet-assisted rock breaking, the TBM cutterhead rotates and cuts a series of annular seams along the working surface of the intact rock mass, reducing the rock mass's integrity and overall strength, thereby improving the efficiency of the disc cutterhead's rock breaking. Currently, TBM prototypes equipped with high-pressure water jet systems have been tested in intact, extremely hard rock conditions. However, field tunneling tests have revealed that increasing the TBM cutterhead speed makes it difficult for the high-pressure water jet to cut deep seams on the rock surface at high linear velocities, resulting in poor rock breaking performance and hindering the improvement of tunneling efficiency in hard rock formations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism and its usage method, as well as a tunnel boring machine, aiming to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application proposes a rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism, including a cutter head, a first roller cutter, a second roller cutter, and a nozzle; the cutter head is configured to be rotatable; the first roller cutter is disposed on the cutter head; the second roller cutter is disposed on the cutter head, the first roller cutter protrudes beyond the second roller cutter along the axial direction of the cutter head, and the distance between the first roller cutter and the axial direction and the distance between the second roller cutter and the axial direction are not equal along the radial direction of the cutter head; the nozzle is disposed on the cutter head, and the distance between the nozzle and the axial direction along the radial direction is equal to the distance between the first roller cutter and the axial direction, and the nozzle is configured to eject fluid.

[0005] According to one embodiment of this application, the rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes a plurality of first roller cutters and a plurality of nozzles. In the radial direction, the plurality of first roller cutters are at unequal distances from the axis, and each first roller cutter is correspondingly arranged with at least one nozzle. The distance between a second roller cutter and the axis is greater than the distance between an adjacent first roller cutter and the axis, and less than the distance between another adjacent first roller cutter and the axis.

[0006] According to one embodiment of this application, the rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes a plurality of second roller cutters, and the plurality of first roller cutters and the plurality of second roller cutters are arranged alternately in a radial direction.

[0007] According to one embodiment of this application, in the axial direction, the dimension Δ of the portion of the first hob protruding from the second hob is 10 mm to 30 mm.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rock breaking cutter mechanism comprises a delivery pipe connected to the nozzle, the delivery pipe configured to direct the fluid through the nozzle.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rock breaking cutter mechanism comprises a plurality of nozzles.

[0010] The delivery pipe comprises a first pipe and a plurality of second pipes, the first pipe connected to the plurality of second pipes, and the plurality of second pipes connected to the plurality of nozzles respectively.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rock breaking cutter mechanism comprises a pressurizing mechanism, the delivery pipe connecting the pressurizing mechanism and the nozzle, and the pressurizing mechanism configured to apply pressure to the fluid.

[0012] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for using the rock breaking cutter mechanism, comprising:

[0013] The cutter head drives the nozzle to rotate, and the fluid passing through the nozzle is sprayed to the rock working surface to form a jet cutting track on the rock working surface.

[0014] The cutter head drives the first cutter to rotate, and the first cutter rolls and presses the jet cutting track to form a cutter rolling track.

[0015] The cutter head drives the second cutter to rotate, and the second cutter rolls and presses the area of the rock working surface that is not in the cutter rolling track to form cracks intersecting with the cutter rolling track, thereby generating rock fragments.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cutter head is provided with a plurality of first cutters, and along the radial direction of the cutter head, the distance between at least two first cutters and the axis of the cutter head is not equal, the distance between the second cutter and the axis is greater than the distance between one adjacent first cutter and the axis, and less than the distance between another adjacent first cutter and the axis.

[0017] The step of the second cutter rolling and pressing the area of the rock working surface that is not in the cutter rolling track to form cracks intersecting with the cutter rolling track comprises:

[0018] The second cutter rolls and presses the area between the two adjacent cutter rolling tracks of the rock working surface to form cracks intersecting with the two adjacent cutter rolling tracks.

[0019] The rock breaking cutter mechanism provided by the application comprises a cutter head, a first cutter, a second cutter and a nozzle.

[0020] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the application, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the application, the application can be implemented according to the content of the specification, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The features, advantages and technical effects of the exemplary embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 A structure schematic view of the rock breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the application is shown in the figure.

[0023] Figure 2 A partial structure schematic view of the rock breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 3 A structure schematic view of the working state of the nozzle of the rock breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the application is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 4 A structure schematic view of the working state of the first cutter and the second cutter of the rock breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the application is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 5 A flow chart of the use of the rock breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the application is shown in the figure.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0028] Explanation of reference signs:

[0029] 100, rock breaking cutter mechanism; 10, cutter head; 20, first cutter; 30, second cutter; 40, nozzle; 50, delivery pipeline; 51, first pipeline; 52, second pipeline; 60, pressurizing mechanism; 200, rock mass working face; 210, jet cutting track; 220, cutter rolling track; R, radial direction; Z, axial direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present application have the same meanings as those commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs; the terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application and the above description of drawings are used to distinguish different objects, and are not intended to describe a particular order or primary and secondary relationship.

[0032] In the present application, the phrase "embodiment" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase at various places in the specification does not necessarily mean the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment to other embodiments.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection", "attach" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship between the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present application generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference signs represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, and the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary and should not constitute any limitation on the present application.

[0036] “Multiple” appearing in the present application refers to two or more (including two).

[0037] In the related art, arranging high-pressure water jet nozzles on each pass of the rotary trajectory of the cutter requires extremely high energy supply, and the water pump system continuously operates at high load, which is costly and has poor reliability. In the process of TBM excavation assisted by high-pressure water jet, the excavation speed is closely related to rock strength, rock mass integrity, high-pressure water jet pressure, nozzle quantity, and cutter and nozzle layout. To improve the excavation efficiency of the tunneling machine in hard rock strata, multiple high-pressure water jet nozzles are arranged on the trajectory with a large rotary radius, and the cut is deepened by repeated cutting; or a ring guide rail for the movement of the high-pressure water jet nozzle is independently provided on the cutter head, allowing the movable nozzle to rotate at a different speed from the cutter head, so that the high-pressure water jet cuts at a low speed. However, the multi-nozzle arrangement scheme will significantly increase the energy and pure water consumption of the high-pressure water jet, and the design of the low-speed rotary guide rail of the nozzle has the problem of slow cut of the cut, which does not match the excavation speed. It can be seen that these two cases have not solved the problem of low cut depth and high energy consumption of high-speed cutting of high-pressure water jet, which is not conducive to improving the excavation efficiency of the tunneling machine in hard rock strata, and also limits the application of high-pressure water jet assisted TBM cutter rock breaking technology. The above statements are only used to provide background technical information related to the present application, and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0038] In view of the above problems, after in-depth research, a rock breaking cutter mechanism is proposed. In the axial direction of the cutter head, a front and rear staggered first cutter and a second cutter are designed, and the distance between the nozzle and the axis is equal to the distance between the first cutter and the axis, that is, the rotary trajectory of the nozzle is the same as the rotary trajectory of the first cutter. By coordinating the first cutter with the nozzle, the low normal force characteristic of the first cutter when breaking rock in the gap cut by the nozzle is utilized, the use amount of the nozzle is reduced, the energy consumption of the high-pressure water jet is reduced, and the defect of limited cut depth of the high-pressure water jet under high-speed working condition is effectively improved. Moreover, the second cutter cuts the weak area formed by the nozzle and the first cutter, so that the second cutter has high rock breaking efficiency. Thus, the high-pressure water jet and the cutter are cooperated to achieve the dual goals of energy saving and high-efficiency rock breaking.

[0039] The rock breaking cutter mechanism can be applied to a hard rock tunneling machine.

[0040] For reference Figure 1 andFigure 2 , Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a rock breaking cutter mechanism provided for some embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 2 A partial structure schematic diagram of the rock breaking cutter mechanism provided for some embodiments of the present application is shown in FIG. 2.

[0041] The present application provides a rock breaking cutter mechanism 100, as shown in FIG. 1, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 comprises a cutter head 10, a first cutter 20, a second cutter 30 and a nozzle 40. The cutter head 10 is configured to be rotatable. The first cutter 20 is arranged on the cutter head 10. The second cutter 30 is arranged on the cutter head 10, the first cutter 20 protrudes from the second cutter 30 along an axis Z direction of the cutter head 10, and the distance between the first cutter 20 and the axis Z is different from the distance between the second cutter 30 and the axis Z along a radial direction R of the cutter head 10. The nozzle 40 is arranged on the cutter head 10, the distance between the nozzle 40 and the axis Z is equal to the distance between the first cutter 20 and the axis Z along the radial direction R, and the nozzle 40 is configured to spray fluid. Figure 1

[0042] The cutter head 10 is generally circular or circular-like, and the cutter head 10 is rotatable along its own axis Z.

[0043] The cutter head 10 rotates in a clockwise direction; alternatively, the cutter head 10 rotates in an anticlockwise direction.

[0044] In some examples, the cutter head 10 can also be made of various materials, such as steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, or other composite materials, etc. Optionally, one material is carbon fiber composite material, which has the advantages of light weight, high strength, strong impact resistance, etc.

[0045] In some examples, the cutter head 10 has opposite first and second surfaces along the axis Z direction, and the first cutter 20, the second cutter 30 and the nozzle 40 are arranged on the first surface. The first surface faces the rock mass working face 200.

[0046] Optionally, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 further comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected to the cutter head 10 and drives the cutter head 10 to rotate.

[0047] Optionally, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 further comprises a base, and the cutter head 10 is arranged on the base and rotates. The base serves as a bearing mechanism of the cutter head 10 and is used to support the cutter head 10.

[0048] The first cutter 20, the second cutter 30 and the nozzle 40 are arranged on the cutter head 10, and the first cutter 20, the second cutter 30 and the nozzle 40 can rotate synchronously with the cutter head 10.

[0049] The first cutter 20 is arranged on the cutter head 10, and the first cutter 20 is connected to the cutter head 10 in a connection mode including but not limited to welding, bolt connection, hinging, clamping and gluing. ​

[0050] The second cutter 30 is arranged on the support cutter head 10, and the second cutter 30 is connected with the cutter head 10, including but not limited to welding, bolt connection, hinging, clamping, and gluing.

[0051] The nozzle 40 is arranged on the support cutter head 10, and the nozzle 40 is connected with the cutter head 10, including but not limited to welding, bolt connection, hinging, clamping, and gluing.

[0052] The first cutter 20 rotates with the cutter head 10 to form a first cutter running track. The first cutter running track is in a circular ring shape.

[0053] The second cutter 30 rotates with the cutter head 10 to form a second cutter running track. The second cutter running track is in a circular ring shape.

[0054] The nozzle 40 rotates with the cutter head 10 to form a nozzle running track. The nozzle running track is in a circular ring shape.

[0055] The first cutter 20 protrudes from the second cutter 30 along the axis Z direction of the cutter head 10. It can be understood that, taking the rock working face 200 as a reference, the depth of the first cutter 20 in cutting the rock working face 200 is greater than the depth of the second cutter 30 in cutting the rock working face 200.

[0056] In some examples, the cutter head 10 has opposite first and second surfaces along the axis Z direction. The first cutter 20 protrudes from the first cutter 20 away from the first surface along the axis Z direction.

[0057] In some examples, along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, the distance between the first cutter 20 and the axis Z is greater than the distance between the second cutter 30 and the axis Z.

[0058] In other examples, along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, the distance between the first cutter 20 and the axis Z is less than the distance between the second cutter 30 and the axis Z.

[0059] Along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, the distance between the first cutter 20 and the axis Z is not equal to the distance between the second cutter 30 and the axis Z. It can be understood that, the first cutter 20 and the second cutter 30 rotate with the cutter head 10, and the first cutter running track and the second cutter running track do not overlap.

[0060] Along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, the distance between the nozzle 40 and the axis Z is equal to the distance between the first roller cutter 20 and the axis Z. It can be understood that the first roller cutter 20 and the nozzle 40 rotate with the cutter head 10, and the operation track of the first roller cutter is the same as the operation track of the nozzle. At least part of the jet cutting track cut by the nozzle 40 on the rock mass working face 200 overlaps at least part of the roller cutting track cut by the first roller cutter 20 on the rock mass working face 200; or, the nozzle 40 first cuts on the rock mass working face 200 to form a jet cutting track, and the first roller cutter 20 rolls on the jet cutting track to form a roller cutting track with increased depth; or, the first roller cutter 20 rolls on the jet cutting track to form a roller cutting track with increased width.

[0061] When tunneling, first, the high-pressure water jet sprayed by the nozzle 40 cuts a shallow seam on the rock mass; then, the first roller cutter 20 breaks the rock along the shallow seam to expand the shallow seam into a deep groove; and then, the second roller cutter 30 breaks the rock mass around the deep groove. Since the rock breaking position of the second roller cutter 30 is not the complete rock mass, it mainly acts on the "rock ridge" area around the deep groove, which is a weak area and is prone to fracture and collapse, and the required rock breaking force is relatively low, and the broken rock pieces are easy to be discharged.

[0062] The rock breaking roller cutter mechanism 100 provided in the present application is designed with the first roller cutter 20 and the second roller cutter 30 staggered in front and back in the axial direction of the cutter head 10, and the distance between the nozzle 40 and the axis Z is equal to the distance between the first roller cutter 20 and the axis Z, that is, the rotation track of the nozzle 40 is the same as the rotation track of the first roller cutter 20. By coordinating the first roller cutter 20 and the nozzle 40, the low normal force feature of the first roller cutter 20 when breaking rock in the gap cut by the nozzle 40 is utilized, the use amount of the nozzle 40 is reduced, the energy consumption of the high-pressure water jet is reduced, and the defect of limited cutting seam depth of the high-pressure water jet under high moving speed working condition is effectively improved. Moreover, the second roller cutter 30 cuts the weak area formed by the nozzle 40 and the first roller cutter 20, so that the second roller cutter 30 has high rock breaking efficiency. Thus, the high-pressure water jet and the roller cutter are coordinated to work, achieving the dual goals of energy saving and high-efficiency rock breaking.

[0063] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the rock breaking roller cutter mechanism 100 includes a plurality of first roller cutters 20 and a plurality of nozzles 40. In the radial direction R, the plurality of first roller cutters 20 are not equal in distance from the axis Z, and each first roller cutter 20 is correspondingly arranged with at least one nozzle 40. The distance between the second roller cutter 30 and the axis Z is greater than the distance between an adjacent first roller cutter 20 and the axis Z, and is less than the distance between another adjacent first roller cutter 20 and the axis Z.

[0064] In some examples, in the radial direction R, the plurality of first roller cutters 20 gradually increase in distance from the axis Z.

[0065] Optionally, the plurality of first cutters 20 are spaced along the radial direction R.

[0066] In some examples, the plurality of first cutters 20 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of nozzles 40. Along the radial direction R, the distance between each nozzle 40 and the axis Z is equal to the distance between the first cutter 20 corresponding to the nozzle 40 and the axis Z.

[0067] The nozzles 40 are arranged in the first cutter operation track, and the second cutter operation track is not arranged with nozzles. It can be understood that the number of nozzles 40 is equal to the number of first cutters 20, thus reducing the use of nozzles 40 and reducing energy consumption.

[0068] Optionally, along the rotation direction of the cutter head 10, the first cutter operation track is the same as the nozzle operation track, and the nozzle 40 is located upstream of the first cutter 20. A continuous operation chain of cutting and rock breaking is formed, without the need for additional adjustment of the position or speed of the cutter head 10, making the rock breaking process more convenient and improving the tunneling efficiency.

[0069] In some examples, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a second cutter 30, the distance between the second cutter 30 and the axis Z is greater than the distance between an adjacent first cutter 20 and the axis Z, and less than the distance between another adjacent first cutter 20 and the axis Z. It can be understood that the second cutter operation track is located between the operation tracks of the two adjacent first cutters.

[0070] In some examples, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a plurality of second cutters 30, the distance between the second cutters 30 and the axis Z is greater than the distance between an adjacent first cutter 20 and the axis Z, and less than the distance between another adjacent first cutter 20 and the axis Z. It can be understood that at least one second cutter operation track is located between the operation tracks of the two adjacent first cutters.

[0071] After the rock mass is cut by the nozzle 40 to form a shallow seam, the integrity of the rock mass is destroyed, and the excavability is improved. When the first cutter 20 breaks rocks along the same track, the first cutter 20 can expand the shallow seam into a deep groove through a smaller normal force, thereby reducing the wear rate of the first cutter 20, prolonging the service life, and reducing the energy consumption required to drive the first cutter 20.

[0072] The plurality of first cutters 20 have different distances from the axis Z in the radial direction R, which covers the tunneling area of the cutter head 10 from the center to the edge to a greater extent, improves the uniformity of the full-face rock breaking process, and effectively improves the stability of the overall tunneling.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a plurality of second cutters 30, and the plurality of first cutters 20 and the plurality of second cutters 30 are alternately arranged along the radial direction R.

[0074] Optionally, in the radial direction R, the second cutters 30 are arranged on both sides of the first cutters 20. This is conducive to the second cutters 30 breaking the rock in the "ridge" area.

[0075] In some examples, the rock-breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a plurality of first cutters 20 and a plurality of second cutters 30, the number of first cutters 20 is N+1, and the number of second cutters 30 is N. In this way, the second cutters 30 are located between two first cutters 20, and the number of second cutters 30 is appropriately reduced to reduce manufacturing costs while meeting the rock breaking requirements.

[0076] The plurality of first cutters 20 and the plurality of second cutters 30 are alternately arranged along the radial direction R, so that the rock breaking trajectories of the first cutters 20 and the second cutters 30 are uniformly distributed on the full section from the center to the edge, reducing the rock breaking blind area in the radial direction R. The alternate arrangement makes the radial force of the cutter head 10 more balanced, reducing problems such as shaking and uneven load during tunneling.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present application, the line connecting the two adjacent first cutters 20 and the axis forms an acute angle, and the second cutter 30 is located on the bisector of the acute angle.

[0078] Optionally, the rock-breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a plurality of first cutters 20 and a plurality of second cutters 30, the line connecting the two adjacent first cutters 20 and the axis forms an acute angle, and the second cutter 30 is located on the bisector of the acute angle.

[0079] The acute angle between the line connecting the adjacent first cutters 20 and the axis makes the two concentrated on the rock mass working surface 200, and can form local stress superposition. The second cutter 30 is located on the bisector of the acute angle, and can act on the rock mass between the deep grooves rolled by the two first cutters 20, thereby forming uniform cracks to the two sides and intersecting with the deep grooves. The acute angle layout between the adjacent first cutters 20 and the second cutter 30 located on the bisector of the angle can also improve the problem of single cutter overload caused by excessive spacing between the first cutters 20.

[0080] For reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 the structure diagram of the working state of the nozzle of the rock-breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown; Figure 4 the structure diagram of the working state of the first cutter and the second cutter of the rock-breaking cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , in the direction of the axis Z, the size Δ of the part of the first cutter 20 protruding from the second cutter 30 is 10mm to 30mm.

[0082] In the axial direction Z, the dimension of the portion of the first cutter 20 protruding from the second cutter 30 is 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, 25 mm, 26 mm, 27 mm, 28 mm, 29 mm, 30 mm, or within a range defined by any two of the above endpoints.

[0083] Optionally, in the axial direction Z, the dimension of the portion of the first cutter 20 protruding from the second cutter 30 is 18 mm to 25 mm.

[0084] The first cutter 20 has a suitable protrusion amount relative to the second cutter 30, so that the first cutter 20 contacts the rock mass in advance, and has sufficient time to implement the pre-treatment process of the nozzle 40 into cutting to form a shallow slot, and the first cutter 20 to roll to form a deep groove before the second cutter 30 reaches the same radial position R. Thus, the problem of excessive rock ridge thickness and increased rock breaking resistance of the second cutter 30 due to insufficient protrusion amount is improved, and the problem of excessive load on the first cutter 20 due to excessive protrusion amount is improved.

[0085] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 The rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a delivery pipeline 50 connected to the nozzle 40, and the delivery pipeline 50 is used to guide the fluid through the nozzle 40.

[0086] At least part of the delivery pipeline 50 can be placed on the cutter head 10, the delivery pipeline 50 is connected to the nozzle 40 and communicates with the nozzle 40, and the delivery pipeline 50 is used to guide the cleaning medium to be sprayed through the nozzle 40.

[0087] In the embodiments of the present application, the delivery pipeline 50 can be one or multiple, wherein in the case of multiple delivery pipelines 50, the delivery pipelines 50 can communicate with multiple nozzles 40, or multiple delivery pipelines 50 can also communicate with one nozzle 40.

[0088] Exemplarily, the delivery pipeline 50 and the nozzle 40 are integrally formed.

[0089] Exemplarily, the delivery pipeline 50 and the nozzle 40 are a split structure.

[0090] In some examples, the delivery pipeline 50 includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is arranged inside the cutter head 10, the second segment is arranged outside the cutter head 10, and the first segment is connected to the nozzle 40 and the second segment.

[0091] According to one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a plurality of nozzles 40. The delivery pipeline 50 includes a first pipeline 51 and a plurality of second pipelines 52, the first pipeline 51 is connected to the plurality of second pipelines 52, and the plurality of second pipelines 52 are respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles 40.

[0092] The delivery pipeline 50 is provided with a valve. In the embodiment of the present application, the delivery pipeline 50 is provided with a valve to control the flow of fluid in the delivery pipeline 50. The valve adjusts the flow of fluid by opening, closing or partially opening.

[0093] The first pipeline 51 serves as the main pipeline, and the plurality of second pipelines 52 serve as branch pipelines, so that the flow of each branch pipeline can be adjusted individually, thereby the parameters of the high-pressure jet sprayed by each nozzle 40 can be flexibly adjusted according to the rock breaking requirements, and different rock breaking scenarios can be adapted.

[0094] According to one embodiment of the present application, the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 includes a pressurizing mechanism 60, the delivery pipeline 50 communicates the pressurizing mechanism 60 with the nozzles 40, and the pressurizing mechanism 60 is configured to apply pressure to the fluid.

[0095] In some examples, the delivery pipeline 50 includes the first pipeline 51 and the plurality of second pipelines 52, the first pipeline 51 is connected to the plurality of second pipelines 52 and the pressurizing mechanism 60, and the plurality of second pipelines 52 are respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles 40.

[0096] In other examples, the delivery pipeline 50 includes the first pipeline 51 and the second pipeline 52, the first pipeline 51 is connected to the second pipeline 52 and the pressurizing mechanism 60, and the second pipeline 52 is connected to the plurality of nozzles 40.

[0097] In yet other examples, the delivery pipeline 50 includes a plurality of sub-pipelines, each sub-pipeline is connected to each nozzle 40 and the pressurizing mechanism 60.

[0098] According to one embodiment of the present application, the cutter head 10 includes a disc body and a first telescopic member, the first telescopic member is arranged on the disc body and is configured to be telescopic along the axial direction Z. The first cutter 20 is arranged on the first telescopic member. Thus, the first cutter 20 is movable relative to the cutter head 10 along the axial direction Z. The distance between the first cutter 20 and the second cutter 30 along the axial direction Z is adjusted to adapt to different excavation needs.

[0099] Optionally, the disc body is provided with a groove in the radial direction R, and at least part of the first telescopic member can be embedded in the groove. The number of the first cutters 20 acting on the rock working face 200 can be adjusted without disassembling the first cutters 20 for adjustment, and the first cutters 20 embedded in the groove do not roll on the rock working face 200.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present application, the nozzle 40 is located upstream of the first rolling cutter 20 in the rotation direction of the cutter head 10. The nozzle 40 first forms a shallow slit in the rock mass, and when the first rolling cutter 20 arrives, it can directly act on the rock mass that has been formed into a shallow slit, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency per unit time.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cutter head 10 further comprises a first sliding rail and a first limiting member. The first sliding rail is arranged on the disc body, at least a portion of the first sliding rail extends along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, and the first rolling cutter 20 is slidably arranged on the first sliding rail. The first limiting member is used to limit the first rolling cutter 20 on the first sliding rail. In this way, the distance between the first rolling cutter 20 and the axis Z can be adjusted.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cutter head 10 further comprises a first sliding rail and a first limiting member. The first sliding rail is arranged on the disc body, at least a portion of the first sliding rail extends along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, and the first rolling cutter 20 is slidably arranged on the first sliding rail. The first limiting member is used to limit the first rolling cutter 20 on the first sliding rail. In this way, the distance between the first rolling cutter 20 and the axis Z can be adjusted.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present application, the cutter head 10 further comprises a second sliding rail and a second limiting member. The second sliding rail is arranged on the disc body, at least a portion of the second sliding rail extends along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, and the second rolling cutter 30 is slidably arranged on the second sliding rail. The second limiting member is used to limit the second rolling cutter 30 on the second sliding rail.

[0104] Referring to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A use flowchart of the rock breaking rolling cutter mechanism provided by some embodiments of the present application is provided.

[0105] In a second aspect, as Figure 5 shown in the accompanying drawings, the present application provides a use method of a rock breaking rolling cutter mechanism 100, which comprises the following steps:

[0106] In step S100, the cutter head 10 drives the nozzle 40 to rotate, and the fluid passing through the nozzle 40 is sprayed to the rock mass working surface 200, so as to form a jet cutting track 210 on the rock mass working surface 200.

[0107] In step S200, the cutter head 10 drives the first rolling cutter 20 to rotate, and the first rolling cutter 20 rolls and presses the jet cutting track 210 to form a rolling cutter rolling track 220.

[0108] In step S300, the cutter head 10 drives the second rolling cutter 30 to rotate, and the second rolling cutter 30 rolls and presses the area of the rock mass working surface 200 that is not in the rolling cutter rolling track 220, to form cracks intersecting with the rolling cutter rolling track 220, so as to generate rock mass fragments.

[0109] In step S100, the cutter head 10 drives the nozzle 40 to rotate, and the first roller cutter 20 and the second roller cutter 30 rotate with the cutter head 10. The fluid is sprayed to the rock face 200 to form a jet cutting track 210. In the axial direction Z, the depth D of the jet cutting track 210 is 3mm to 5mm. The energy consumption of jet cutting is reduced.

[0110] In some examples, the depth D of the jet cutting track 210 is 3.0mm, 3.1mm, 3.2mm, 3.3mm, 3.4mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm, 3.7mm, 3.8mm, 3.9mm, 4.0mm, 4.1mm, 4.2mm, 4.3mm, 4.4mm, 4.5mm, 4.6mm, 4.7mm, 4.8mm, 4.9mm, 5.0mm, or within other ranges defined by any two endpoints of the above.

[0111] Optionally, in the axial direction Z, the depth D of the jet cutting track 210 is less than the size Δ of the part of the first roller cutter 20 protruding from the second roller cutter 30.

[0112] In some examples, during the process of the cutter head 10 driving the nozzle 40 to rotate, the rock breaking roller cutter mechanism 100 can be in a running state or a non-running state of stopping axial feeding in the advancing direction. The advancing direction is parallel to the axial direction Z.

[0113] In step S200, the cutter head 10 drives the nozzle 40, the first roller cutter 20 and the second roller cutter 30 to advance in the advancing direction, and the first roller cutter 20 rolls and presses the jet cutting track 210 to form a roller cutter rolling track 220.

[0114] In some examples, during the process of the first roller cutter 20 rolling and pressing the jet cutting track 210, the nozzle 40 pauses to spray fluid. The energy consumption of jet cutting is saved.

[0115] In some examples, during the process of the first roller cutter 20 rolling and pressing the jet cutting track 210, the second roller cutter 30 does not contact the rock face 200.

[0116] In step S300, the cutter head 10 drives the nozzle 40, the first roller cutter 20 and the second roller cutter 30 to advance in the advancing direction, and the second roller cutter 30 contacts the rock face 200 and cuts the area of the non-roller cutter rolling track 220 to form cracks intersecting the roller cutter rolling track 220.

[0117] In some examples, the first roller cutter 20 rolling and pressing the jet cutting track 210 is synchronized with the second roller cutter 30 rolling and pressing the area of the non-roller cutter rolling track 220.

[0118] The application provides a method for using the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100. The cracks generated by the first cutter 20 along the jet cutting track 210 under the action of the cutter head 10 thrust and torque and the cracks generated by the second cutter 30 rolling the non-cutter rolling track 220 are penetrated, thereby forming a large area of rock pieces, and realizing efficient rock breaking and tunneling.

[0119] According to an embodiment of the application, the cutter head 10 is provided with a plurality of first cutters 20. Along the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, the distance between at least two first cutters 20 and the axis Z of the cutter head 10 is not equal. The distance between the second cutter 30 and the axis Z is greater than the distance between one adjacent first cutter 20 and the axis Z, and less than the distance between the other adjacent first cutter 20 and the axis Z.

[0120] In step S300, the second cutter 30 rolls the area of the non-cutter rolling track 220 of the rock working surface 200 to form cracks intersecting the cutter rolling track 220. The step includes:

[0121] The second cutter 30 rolls the area between the two adjacent cutter rolling tracks 220 of the rock working surface 200 to form cracks intersecting the two adjacent cutter rolling tracks 220.

[0122] In some examples, the first cutter rolling track formed by the adjacent first cutter 20 is annular, and the second cutter rolling track formed by the other first cutter 20 is annular. The distance between the first cutter rolling track and the center of the rock working surface 200 is greater than the distance between the second cutter rolling track and the center of the rock working surface 200. It can be understood as two concentric circular rings. The second cutter 30 rolls the area between the first rolling track and the second rolling track in the radial direction R.

[0123] The second cutter 30 rolls the "rock ridge" area formed between the two cutter rolling tracks 220, so that the area between the two cutter rolling tracks 220 is more prone to fracture and collapse. The rock breaking force required by the second cutter 30 is relatively low, and the broken rock pieces are easy to be discharged.

[0124] According to an embodiment of the application, the jet pressure of the nozzle 40 is 100MPa to 300MPa.

[0125] In some examples, the jet pressure of the nozzle 40 is 100MPa, 110MPa, 120MPa, 130MPa, 140MPa, 150MPa, 160MPa, 170MPa, 180MPa, 190MPa, 200MPa, 210MPa, 220MPa, 230MPa, 240MPa, 250MPa, 260MPa, 270MPa, 280MPa, 290MPa, 300MPa, or in other ranges composed of any two endpoints of the above.

[0126] The gap formed by the high-speed cutting of the high-pressure water jet along with the cutter head 10 has a low depth, which reduces the rock breaking efficiency of the cutter. In the related art, the pressure of the water jet is increased, or multiple nozzles 40 are installed on the same rotation track to meet the requirements of the cutter for breaking rocks. However, these further increase the energy consumption of the high-pressure water jet system and reduce the long-term operation reliability of the system.

[0127] By coordinating the first cutter 20 with the nozzles 40, the number of nozzles 40 used is reduced, and the jet pressure of the nozzles 40 is relatively low, which reduces the energy consumption of the high-pressure water jet and realizes the same high linear speed working condition of the first cutter 20 and the nozzles 40, and realizes continuous and stable operation of the high-pressure water jet system.

[0128] According to one embodiment of the present application, the rotational speed of the cutter head 10 is 6-10 Rev. / min.

[0129] In some examples, the rotational speed of the cutter head 10 with the nozzles 40 is 6-10 Rev. / min. This promotes the improvement of the overall tunneling speed.

[0130] Alternatively, the rotational speed of the cutter head 10 with the nozzles 40 is 8-10 Rev. / min.

[0131] In some examples, the rotational speed of the cutter head 10 with the first cutter 20 is 6-10 Rev. / min. This promotes the improvement of the overall tunneling speed.

[0132] Alternatively, the rotational speed of the cutter head 10 with the first cutter 20 is 8-10 Rev. / min.

[0133] In the third aspect, the present application provides a tunnel boring machine, which comprises the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 described above.

[0134] In some examples, the tunnel boring machine comprises a base, and the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 is arranged on the base, and the base drives the rock breaking cutter mechanism 100 to move forward or backward along the tunneling direction.

[0135] This application provides a rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism 100, which includes a cutter head 10, a plurality of first roller cutters 20, a plurality of second roller cutters 30, a plurality of nozzles 40, a delivery pipeline 50, and a pressurizing mechanism 60. The cutter head 10 is configured to be rotatable. The first roller cutters 20 are disposed on the cutter head 10. In the radial direction R, the distances of the plurality of first roller cutters 20 from the axis Z are unequal. The second roller cutters 30 are disposed on the cutter head 10. The first roller cutters 20 protrude from the second roller cutters 30 in the direction of the axis Z of the cutter head 10, and the size of the portion of the first roller cutter 20 protruding from the second roller cutter 30 is 10mm to 30mm. In the radial direction R of the cutter head 10, the distances of the first roller cutters 20 from the axis Z and the distances of the second roller cutters 30 from the axis Z are unequal. The nozzles 40 are disposed on the cutter head 10, and in the radial direction R, the distance of the nozzles 40 from the axis Z is equal to the distance of the first roller cutters 20 from the axis Z. The nozzles 40 are configured to eject fluid. Multiple first roller cutters 20 are correspondingly arranged with multiple nozzles 40. A delivery line 50 is connected to the nozzles 40 and is used to guide fluid through the nozzles 40. The delivery line 50 includes a first line 51 and multiple second lines 52, the first line 51 being connected to the multiple second lines 52, and the multiple second lines 52 being respectively connected to the multiple nozzles 40. The delivery line 50 connects a pressurizing mechanism 60 to the nozzles 40, and the pressurizing mechanism 60 is configured to apply pressure to the fluid.

[0136] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism, characterized in that, include: A cutter head, the cutter head being configured to be rotatable; The first hob is disposed on the cutter head; The second hob is disposed on the cutter head, and the first hob protrudes from the second hob along the axial direction of the cutter head. The distances between the first hob and the axis and the distances between the second hob and the axis are not equal along the radial direction of the cutter head. A nozzle is disposed on the cutter head along the radial direction, the distance between the nozzle and the axis being equal to the distance between the first hob and the axis, and the nozzle is configured to eject fluid.

2. The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes a plurality of first roller cutters and a plurality of nozzles. In the radial direction, the plurality of first roller cutters are at unequal distances from the axis, and each first roller cutter is correspondingly arranged with at least one nozzle. The distance between the second hob and the axis is greater than the distance between an adjacent first hob and the axis, and less than the distance between an adjacent second first hob and the axis.

3. The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes a plurality of second roller cutters, with the plurality of first roller cutters and the plurality of second roller cutters arranged alternately along the radial direction; or... The line connecting two adjacent first hobs to the axis forms an acute angle, and the second hob is located on the bisector of the acute angle.

4. The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the axial direction, the dimension Δ of the portion of the first hob that protrudes from the second hob is 10 mm to 30 mm.

5. The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes a delivery pipeline connected to the nozzle, which is used to guide fluid through the nozzle.

6. The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes multiple nozzles; The delivery pipeline includes a first pipeline and a plurality of second pipelines, wherein the first pipeline is connected to the plurality of second pipelines, and the plurality of second pipelines are respectively connected to the plurality of nozzles.

7. The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism includes a pressurizing mechanism, the delivery pipeline connects the pressurizing mechanism and the nozzle, and the pressurizing mechanism is configured to apply pressure to the fluid.

8. A method of using a rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism, characterized in that, include: The cutter head drives the nozzle to rotate, and the fluid passing through the nozzle is sprayed onto the working face of the rock mass to form a jet cutting trajectory on the working face of the rock mass; The cutter head drives the first roller cutter to rotate, and the first roller cutter rolls the jet cutting trajectory to form a roller cutting trajectory; The cutterhead drives the second cutter to rotate, and the second cutter rolls the area of ​​the rock working face that is not on the rolling track of the cutter, forming cracks that intersect with the rolling track of the cutter, thereby generating rock fragments.

9. The method of using the rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that, The cutter head is provided with a plurality of first hobs. Along the radial direction of the cutter head, at least two first hobs are at unequal distances from the axis of the cutter head. The distance between the second hob and the axis is greater than the distance between an adjacent first hob and the axis, and less than the distance between an adjacent first hob and the axis. The step of the second cutter rolling a region of the rock working face that is not on the cutter rolling trajectory, forming a crack intersecting the cutter rolling trajectory, includes: The second cutter rolls the area between two adjacent cutter rolling tracks on the working face of the rock mass, forming cracks that intersect with the two adjacent cutter rolling tracks.

10. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, Includes the rock-breaking roller cutter mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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