Ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer with configurable working mode

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer with a configurable working mode, aiming at the condition that the power difference between a local oscillator input signal and a radio frequency input signal is large, voltage transformation ratio baluns with different impedance transformation ratios are configured at two signal input ports, the port matching degree is good, and the frequency conversion loss is reduced; for the condition that the input impedance of a frequency mixing loop is different under different local oscillator input powers, two corresponding working modes can be selected according to the power of a local oscillator input signal, so that the frequency mixer can work at a lower local oscillator input power under the condition that a small amount of frequency conversion loss is increased, and the application range of the frequency mixer is widened; aiming at leakage of a local oscillator signal to a radio frequency port caused by factors such as non-ideal characteristics of a balun, inconsistency of devices, substrate coupling and the like, a two-stage balun with a center-tapped transformer structure is designed to be cascaded with the balun, so that an intermediate-frequency signal output tap is provided, and the isolation degree between a local oscillator port and the radio frequency port is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of analog integrated circuit technology, and specifically relates to an ultra-wideband dual-balanced mixer with configurable operating modes. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of wireless communication, the quality of communication products depends mainly on the underlying architecture design of the communication system, channel coding technology, signal processing algorithms and hardware implementation scheme. The mixer is the core module of the radio frequency front-end of the wireless communication system, responsible for the core function of frequency conversion. Therefore, the performance of the mixer will directly affect system parameters such as signal integrity and system signal-to-noise ratio, and thus affect the performance of the entire system.

[0003] Existing mixers can be divided into active transistor mixers and passive diode mixers. Traditional active transistor mixers suffer from problems such as excessive noise, high spurious emissions, and low port isolation, while traditional passive diode mixers suffer from problems such as low sensitivity, poor anti-interference ability, and high energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a configurable operating mode ultrawideband double-balanced mixer. The technical problem to be solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: This invention provides a configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer with a first operating mode and a second operating mode, including: 1:1 voltage turnout balun, 1:1 transformer with center tap, diode mixer loop, and 1:2 voltage turnout balun with compensating inductor; among which, The 1:1 voltage ratio balun is used to convert the local oscillator input signal or radio frequency input signal it receives into a first differential signal with equal amplitude output under different operating modes. The 1:1 transformer with a center tap is used to couple the first differential signal to its own secondary coil using its primary coil, and output the coupled signal. The 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is used to convert the local oscillator input signal or radio frequency input signal it receives into a second differential signal with doubled amplitude in different operating modes. The diode mixer loop is used to mix the coupled signal and the second differential signal to output an intermediate frequency signal; The 1:1 transformer with a center tap is also used to output an intermediate frequency signal from its own center tap.

[0005] In one embodiment of the present invention, in a first operating mode, the signal received by the 1:1 voltage ratio balun is a local oscillator input signal, and the signal received by the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is a radio frequency input signal. In the second operating mode, the signal received by the 1:1 voltage ratio balun is an RF input signal, and the signal received by the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is a local oscillator input signal.

[0006] In one embodiment of the present invention, the 1:1 voltage ratio balun includes: Inductance to ground L, transformer T1; among which, The first terminal of the ground inductor L is grounded, and the second terminal is connected to the through output terminal Port-2 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun. The first terminal of transformer T1 serves as the input terminal Port-1 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun, the second terminal serves as the direct output terminal Port-2 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun, the third terminal is grounded, and the fourth terminal serves as the coupled signal output terminal Port-3 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, a 1:1 transformer with a center tap includes: Transformer T2 and transformer T3; among them, The first end of the transformer T2 is grounded, the second end serves as the first output end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap, the third end is connected to the third end of the transformer T3, and the fourth end serves as the first input end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap. The first end of the transformer T3 is grounded, the second end serves as the second output end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap, and the fourth end serves as the second input end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the 1:1 transformer with a center tap, the center tap is located between the third end of the transformer T2 and the third end of the transformer T3.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diode mixer loop includes: Schottky diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 constitute the bridge loop structure; among them, The positive terminal of Schottky diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of Schottky diode D4, serving as the first end of the diode mixer loop; the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of Schottky diode D2, serving as the second end of the diode mixer loop. The negative terminal of the Schottky diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the Schottky diode D3, serving as the third terminal of the diode mixer loop; The negative terminal of the Schottky diode D3 is connected to the positive terminal of the Schottky diode D4, serving as the fourth terminal of the diode mixer loop.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a 1:2 voltage-ratio balun with a compensating inductor includes: Transformer T2 and transformer T3; among them, The first terminal of transformer T2 is grounded, the second terminal serves as the first output terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap, the third terminal is connected to the third terminal of transformer T3, and the fourth terminal serves as the first input terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap. The first terminal of transformer T3 is grounded, the second terminal serves as the second output terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap, and the fourth terminal serves as the second input terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the 1:1 transformer with center tap, transformer T2 and transformer T3 constitute a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure; in the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensating inductor, transformer T4 and transformer T5 constitute a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In the solution provided by this invention, for situations where the power of the local oscillator input signal and the radio frequency input signal differs significantly, voltage ratio baluns with different impedance ratios are configured at the two signal input ports. Compared with traditional diode double-balanced mixers, this provides better port matching and reduces conversion losses. For situations where the input impedance of the mixing loop differs under different local oscillator input powers, two corresponding operating modes can be selected based on the power of the local oscillator input signal. This allows the mixer to operate at a lower local oscillator input power with a slight increase in conversion losses, thus broadening the application range of the mixer. To address the leakage of the local oscillator signal to the radio frequency port caused by factors such as the non-ideal characteristics of the balun, device inconsistencies, and substrate coupling, a two-stage balun with a center-tapped transformer structure is designed. This provides an intermediate frequency signal output tap and enhances the isolation between the local oscillator port and the radio frequency port. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a 1:1 voltage ratio balun in a configurable ultrawideband dual-balanced mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3A schematic diagram of the structure of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap in a configurable ultrawideband dual-balanced mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a 1:2 voltage turns ratio balun with a compensation inductor in a configurable ultrawideband dual-balanced mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is an overall principle block diagram of a configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer in the first operating mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is an overall principle block diagram of a configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention in a second operating mode; Figure 7 A conversion gain diagram of a configurable ultrawideband dual-balanced mixer in two operating modes provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 The present invention provides a configurable ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer with two operating modes, allowing for the S signal input port of the LO signal to operate in two modes. 11 Parameter diagram; Figure 9 The present invention provides a configurable ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer with RF signal input port S-mode configurability in two operating modes. 11 Parameter diagram; Figure 10 In a configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer provided in an embodiment of the present invention, P LO When the signal is 14dBm, the LO signal is input from either the IN1 or IN2 port. 11 Parameter diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0015] This invention provides a configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it may include: 1:1 voltage turnout balun, 1:1 transformer with center tap, diode mixer loop, and 1:2 voltage turnout balun with compensating inductor; among which, A 1:1 voltage ratio balun is used to convert the local oscillator input signal or radio frequency input signal received by itself into a first differential signal with equal amplitude in different operating modes. A 1:1 transformer with a center tap is used to couple the first differential signal to its own secondary coil using its primary coil, and output the coupled signal. A 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensation inductor is used to convert the local oscillator input signal or radio frequency input signal it receives into a second differential signal with doubled amplitude in different operating modes. A diode mixer loop is used to mix the coupled signal and the second differential signal to output an intermediate frequency signal. A 1:1 transformer with a center tap is also used to output an intermediate frequency signal from its own center tap.

[0016] This invention provides an ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer with configurable operating modes. The mixer has two operating modes: a first operating mode with higher local oscillator input signal power and a second operating mode with lower local oscillator input signal power. This invention selects typical input power values ​​for the two operating modes and displays the key performance parameters of the two operating modes under typical input power values. The typical value for the local oscillator input signal power in the first operating mode is 20dBm, and the typical value for the local oscillator input signal power in the second operating mode is 14dBm.

[0017] In the first operating mode, the signal received by the 1:1 voltage ratio balun is the local oscillator input signal, and the signal received by the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is the radio frequency input signal. In the second operating mode, the 1:1 voltage ratio balun receives the RF input signal, while the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor receives the local oscillator input signal.

[0018] Understandably, the first operating mode is suitable for higher power local oscillator input signals. In this mode, the local oscillator input signal is input from a 1:1 voltage ratio balun configured with an intermediate frequency signal output center-tapped transformer, and the radio frequency input signal is input from a 1:2 voltage ratio balun configured with a compensated inductor. The second operating mode is suitable for local oscillator input signals with lower power than the first operating mode. In this mode, the local oscillator input signal is input from a 1:2 voltage ratio balun configured with a compensated inductor, and the radio frequency input signal is input from a 1:1 voltage ratio balun configured with an intermediate frequency signal output center-tapped transformer.

[0019] from Figure 1 As can be seen from the diagram, this operating mode allows the input signals of the ultra-wideband dual-balanced mixer to be input from the IN1 and IN2 ports, and the intermediate frequency signal IF after mixing to be output from the OUT port.

[0020] The configurable ultra-wideband double-balanced mixer operates as follows: The local oscillator input signal and the RF input signal are connected to ports IN1 and IN2 according to either the first or second operating mode. The single-ended signal input from the unbalanced port IN1 is first converted into a constant-amplitude differential signal output by a 1:1 voltage-ratio balun. The balanced output port of this balun is connected to the differential input port of the subsequent 1:1 transformer with a center tap. Therefore, after being input to the primary coil of the transformer, this differential signal is coupled to the secondary coil of the transformer with a center tap. The secondary coil outputs a constant-amplitude differential signal to a pair of input terminals of the connected diode mixer loop. The single-ended signal input from the unbalanced port IN2 is converted into a differential signal with an amplitude twice that of the input signal by a 1:2 voltage-ratio balun, and then passes through a compensation inductor L. match1 and L match2 Then it is input to the other pair of input terminals of the diode mixer ring connected to it. At this time, the intermediate frequency signal, which is the product of the local oscillator and the radio frequency signal, will be output from the center tap of the transformer with a center tap 1:1.

[0021] For ease of understanding, the following describes each module of the configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer with working modes proposed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] 1:1 voltage ratio balun, such as Figure 2 As shown, it may include: Inductance to ground L, transformer T1; among which, The first terminal of the ground inductor L is grounded, and the second terminal is connected to the through output terminal Port-2 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun. The first terminal of transformer T1 serves as the input terminal Port-1 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun, the second terminal serves as the direct output terminal Port-2 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun, the third terminal is grounded, and the fourth terminal serves as the coupled signal output terminal Port-3 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun.

[0023] Specifically, the structural diagram of a 1:1 voltage ratio balun is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, Port-1 of the balun is a single-ended signal input terminal, Port-2 is a direct output terminal, and Port-3 is a coupled signal output terminal with the opposite phase to the input signal. Port-2 and Port-3 constitute a differential signal output terminal, which ultimately realizes the conversion of the single-ended input signal 1:1 into an equal-amplitude differential signal output to the subsequent transformer with a center tap. The impedance ratio between the balanced and unbalanced ends is 1:1.

[0024] In this structure, the ground inductor L is implemented using an on-chip microstrip line, and the transformer T1 is implemented using a tightly coupled dual-wound microstrip line structure. This balun layout has a more symmetrical signal-to-ground path and a more compact layout at the output balanced port compared to a balun implemented solely using a dual-wound microstrip line structure, thereby reducing the layout area. Furthermore, the voltage division relationship between Port-2 and Port-3 can be flexibly adjusted by changing the inductance values ​​of transformer T1 and ground inductor L, reducing the amplitude and phase imbalance of the balun output. This reduces the leakage of the input signal to the output taps of the subsequent transformer, ensuring port isolation between the RF input signal (RF), the local oscillator input signal (LO), and the intermediate frequency signal (IF).

[0025] A 1:1 transformer with a center tap, such as Figure 3 As shown, it may include: Transformer T2 and transformer T3; among them, The first terminal of transformer T2 is grounded, the second terminal serves as the first output terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap, the third terminal is connected to the third terminal of transformer T3, and the fourth terminal serves as the first input terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap. The first terminal of transformer T3 is grounded, the second terminal serves as the second output terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap, and the fourth terminal serves as the second input terminal of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap.

[0026] Specifically, a structural diagram of a 1:1 transformer with a center tap is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the transformer input signal is from port IN. P and IN N The differential input is transformed by coils T2 and T3 with a voltage ratio of 1:1 to the secondary coil and output to OUT. P and OUT N The differential output is fed to a diode mixer loop, and the intermediate frequency signal is output from the midpoint of the cascaded two secondary coils (center tap terminal CT). In a 1:1 transformer with a center tap, the center tap is located between the third terminal of transformer T2 and the third terminal of transformer T3.

[0027] In this 1:1 transformer with a center tap, transformer structures T2 and T3 are implemented through a tightly coupled dual-wound microstrip line structure, with an input-output impedance ratio of 1:1. After being cascaded with the preceding 1:1 voltage-ratio balun, the input impedance of the external signal input port can be made equal to the input impedance of the diode mixer loop. This is suitable for situations where the input signal power is large, causing the input impedance of the diode mixer loop to approach 50Ω. At the same time, the center tap of this 1:1 transformer with a center tap provides a suitable intermediate frequency signal output point, effectively avoiding the problems of low port isolation and poor matching that exist in structures that directly lead the IF signal from the LO / RF terminal.

[0028] Diode mixer loop, such as Figure 1 As shown, it may include: Schottky diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 constitute the bridge loop structure; among them, The positive terminal of Schottky diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of Schottky diode D4, serving as the first end of the diode mixer loop; the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of Schottky diode D2, serving as the second end of the diode mixer loop. The negative terminal of Schottky diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of Schottky diode D3, serving as the third terminal of the diode mixer loop; The negative terminal of Schottky diode D3 is connected to the positive terminal of Schottky diode D4, serving as the fourth terminal of the diode mixer loop.

[0029] A schematic diagram of a diode mixer loop is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it consists of a bridge loop structure composed of four Schottky diodes. The local oscillator input signal and the radio frequency input signal are converted from single-ended signals to differential signals through their respective baluns and then connected to two pairs of diagonal ports of the diode mixer loop. When the parameters of the four diodes are exactly the same, one pair of input differential signals will form an AC virtual ground at the input terminal of the other pair of signals, achieving complete port isolation under ideal conditions. At the same time, this structure allows the equivalent path of the radio frequency input signal to change periodically with the periodic variation of the local oscillator input signal, achieving a mixing effect.

[0030] A 1:2 voltage turnout balun with a compensating inductor, such as Figure 4 As shown, it may include: Transformer T4, Transformer T5, Compensating Inductor L match1 and compensation inductor L match2 ;in, The first terminal of transformer T4 is the input port-4 of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensating inductor. The second terminal is grounded, the third terminal is grounded, and the fourth terminal is connected to the compensating inductor L. match1 The first end is connected; The first terminal of transformer T5 is the input port-4 of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensating inductor; the second terminal is grounded; and the third terminal is connected to the compensating inductor L. match2 The first terminal is connected, and the fourth terminal is grounded; Compensating inductor L match1 The second terminal serves as the direct output terminal of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensated inductor; Compensating inductor L match2 The second terminal serves as the coupled signal output terminal of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensated inductor.

[0031] In a 1:1 transformer with a center tap, transformers T2 and T3 form a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure; in a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensating inductor, transformers T4 and T5 form a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure.

[0032] A schematic diagram of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensating inductor, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, Port-4 of the balun is a single-ended signal input terminal, and the signal path formed by Port-4 and Port-5 is a direct-through output terminal. The input signal passes through a 1:1 transformer T4 with a double-ended grounded secondary coil and is output from the other end of the primary coil, and then passes through a compensation inductor L. match1 The signal is then output from Port-2; Port-1 and Port-3 form a coupled signal output terminal with the opposite phase to the input signal. The input signal is coupled through a 1:1 transformer T5 and then phase-inverted, and then passes through a compensation inductor L. match2 The signal is then output from Port-3. Port-2 and Port-3 together form a differential signal output terminal.

[0033] In this structure, transformers T4 and T5 are implemented using a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure. Based on the voltage divider relationship, the voltage transformation ratio between the input and output ports is 1:2, and the impedance transformation ratio is 1:4. This allows the input impedance of the external signal input port to be equal to 1 / 4 of the input impedance of the diode mixer loop. This is suitable when the input signal power is low, causing the diodes in the diode mixer loop to not be fully conducting, resulting in a large input resistance and a large capacitive reactance. In this case, the inductor L can be compensated. match1 and L match2 It cancels out the capacitance and reduces the high diode input impedance to a port input impedance close to 50Ω through the 1:4 impedance transformation function of the balun, achieving better impedance matching and reducing port return loss.

[0034] The overall principle block diagram of the configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer in the first operating mode is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, in this working mode, the local oscillator input signal LO is input from the IN1 port, and the radio frequency input signal RF is input from the IN2 port. Since the power of the local oscillator input signal is relatively high at this time, the IN1 port, which is more suitable for high power signal input, is selected. At this time, the low power RF signal is input from the other input port IN2. Since the RF signal only passes through one balun, the energy loss is smaller and the frequency conversion loss is lower.

[0035] The overall block diagram of the configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer in the second operating mode is as follows: Figure 6As shown, in this operating mode, the local oscillator input signal LO is input through port IN2, and the radio frequency input signal RF is input through port IN1. To ensure that the diode mixer ring has a local oscillator input signal with sufficient amplitude to drive its normal operation, port IN2, which is more suitable for low-power signal input, is selected. At this time, the low-power RF signal is input from the other input port IN1. Since the RF signal passes through two baluns, the energy loss is greater, and the frequency conversion loss is higher than that in the first operating mode.

[0036] In the first operating mode, the power of the local oscillator input signal is relatively high. To facilitate the demonstration of the mixer's performance in this operating mode, a typical value of the input power is selected as the local oscillator signal power P. LO =20dBm, RF signal power P RF =0dBm, intermediate frequency f IF =0.1GHz, the conversion gain of the mixer in this operating mode is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the mixer conversion gain is -8.4 to -7 dB at this time, and the return loss at the LO input port is as follows. Figure 8 As shown, the return loss at the RF input port is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the return loss at the LO input port is approximately -10dB within the operating frequency band of 2~22GHz. Understandably, Figures 7-9 Working mode 1 corresponds to the first working mode, and working mode 2 corresponds to the second working mode.

[0037] In the second operating mode, the power of the local oscillator input signal LO is lower than that in the first operating mode. If the local oscillator input signal LO is configured according to the first operating mode... Figure 1 The IN1 port input shown is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, the impedance matching of the IN1 port is significantly worse than that of the port when the LO signal is input from the IN2 port in the second working mode configuration. This will cause a large amount of the LO signal to be reflected at the input port, and the swing of the LO signal input to the diode mixer loop will be reduced, making it difficult to make the switching between on and off states of the diode ideal enough.

[0038] To ensure that the diode mixer ring has a local oscillator input signal with sufficient amplitude to drive its normal operation, this embodiment of the invention selects the IN2 port, which is more suitable for low-power signal input. At this time, the low-power RF signal is input from another input port IN1. Since the RF signal passes through two baluns, the energy loss is greater and the frequency conversion loss is higher than that in the first working mode.

[0039] In the second operating mode, the power of the local oscillator input signal is relatively low. To facilitate demonstrating the mixer's performance in this mode, a typical input power value is selected as the power P of the local oscillator input signal. LO=14dBm, power P of the RF input signal RF =0dBm, intermediate frequency f IF =0.1GHz, the conversion gain of the mixer in this operating mode is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the mixer conversion gain is -8.3 to -13 dB at this time, and the return loss at the LO input port is as follows. Figure 8 As shown, the return loss at the RF input port is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the return loss at the LO input port is approximately -10dB within the operating frequency band of 2~22GHz.

[0040] By comparing typical mixer specifications for two operating modes (i.e., the first operating mode when the local oscillator input power is higher and the second operating mode when the local oscillator input power is lower), it can be found that by configuring baluns with different impedance ratios and matching networks at the two signal input ports to address the different input impedances of the mixing loop under different local oscillator input power, the mixer provides two local oscillator input methods. This allows the mixer to operate at a lower local oscillator input power with a small increase in conversion loss, thus broadening the application range of the mixer.

[0041] The configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer with configurable operating modes proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects: To address the significant power difference between the local oscillator input signal and the RF input signal, baluns with different impedance ratios and matching networks are configured at the two signal input ports. Compared to traditional diode double-balanced mixers, this provides better port matching and reduces conversion losses.

[0042] To address the issue of varying input impedance in the mixing loop under different local oscillator input powers, the two signal input ports are configured with baluns of different impedance ratios and matching networks, providing the mixer with two operating modes, namely two local oscillator input methods. This allows the mixer to operate at a lower local oscillator input power with a small increase in conversion losses, thus broadening the application range of the mixer.

[0043] To address the leakage of the local oscillator signal to the radio frequency port caused by factors such as the non-ideal characteristics of the balun, device inconsistencies, and substrate coupling, a two-stage balun with a center-tapped transformer structure was designed. This not only provides an intermediate frequency signal output tap but also enhances the isolation between the local oscillator port and the radio frequency port.

[0044] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer, having a first operating mode and a second operating mode, characterized in that, include: 1:1 voltage turnout balun, 1:1 transformer with center tap, diode mixer loop, and 1:2 voltage turnout balun with compensating inductor; among which, The 1:1 voltage ratio balun is used to convert the local oscillator input signal or radio frequency input signal it receives into a first differential signal with equal amplitude output under different operating modes. The 1:1 transformer with a center tap is used to couple the first differential signal to its own secondary coil using its primary coil, and output the coupled signal. The 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is used to convert the local oscillator input signal or radio frequency input signal it receives into a second differential signal with doubled amplitude in different operating modes. The diode mixer loop is used to mix the coupled signal and the second differential signal to output an intermediate frequency signal; The 1:1 transformer with a center tap is also used to output an intermediate frequency signal from its own center tap.

2. The configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first operating mode, the signal received by the 1:1 voltage ratio balun is the local oscillator input signal, and the signal received by the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is the radio frequency input signal. In the second operating mode, the signal received by the 1:1 voltage ratio balun is an RF input signal, and the signal received by the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensation inductor is a local oscillator input signal.

3. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer with a working mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 1:1 voltage ratio balun includes: A 1:1 voltage ratio balun, as shown in Figure 2, may include: Inductance to ground L, transformer T1; among which, The first terminal of the ground inductor L is grounded, and the second terminal is connected to the through output terminal Port-2 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun. The first terminal of transformer T1 serves as the input terminal Port-1 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun, the second terminal serves as the direct output terminal Port-2 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun, the third terminal is grounded, and the fourth terminal serves as the coupled signal output terminal Port-3 of the 1:1 voltage ratio balun.

4. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The 1:1 transformer with center tap includes: Transformer T2 and transformer T3; among them, The first end of the transformer T2 is grounded, the second end serves as the first output end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap, the third end is connected to the third end of the transformer T3, and the fourth end serves as the first input end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap. The first end of the transformer T3 is grounded, the second end serves as the second output end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap, and the fourth end serves as the second input end of the 1:1 transformer with center tap.

5. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the 1:1 transformer with a center tap, the center tap is located between the third terminal of transformer T2 and the third terminal of transformer T3.

6. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer with a working mode according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diode mixer loop includes: Schottky diodes D1, D2, D3, and D4 constitute the bridge loop structure; among them, The positive terminal of Schottky diode D1 is connected to the negative terminal of Schottky diode D4, serving as the first end of the diode mixer loop; the negative terminal is connected to the positive terminal of Schottky diode D2, serving as the second end of the diode mixer loop. The negative terminal of the Schottky diode D2 is connected to the positive terminal of the Schottky diode D3, serving as the third terminal of the diode mixer loop; The negative terminal of the Schottky diode D3 is connected to the positive terminal of the Schottky diode D4, serving as the fourth terminal of the diode mixer loop.

7. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensated inductor includes: Transformer T4, Transformer T5, Compensating Inductor L match1 and compensation inductor L match2 ;in, The first terminal of transformer T4 is the input port-4 of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensating inductor. The second terminal is grounded, the third terminal is grounded, and the fourth terminal is connected to the compensating inductor L. match1 The first end is connected; The first terminal of transformer T5 is the input port-4 of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensating inductor; the second terminal is grounded; and the third terminal is connected to the compensating inductor L. match2 The first terminal is connected, and the fourth terminal is grounded; Compensating inductor L match1 The second terminal serves as the direct output terminal of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensated inductor; Compensating inductor L match2 The second terminal serves as the coupled signal output terminal of a 1:2 voltage ratio balun with a compensated inductor.

8. A configurable ultrawideband double-balanced mixer according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the 1:1 transformer with center tap, transformer T2 and transformer T3 form a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure; in the 1:2 voltage ratio balun with compensating inductor, transformer T4 and transformer T5 form a tightly coupled double-wound microstrip line structure.

Images