Piezoelectric catalysis-Fenton self-coupling stage treatment underground water equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses piezoelectric catalysis-Fenton self-coupling staged underground water treatment equipment, and relates to the technical field of underground water pollution abatement, the piezoelectric catalysis-Fenton self-coupling staged underground water treatment equipment comprises a reactor main body, a piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module and a PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array, the piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module is fixedly arranged in a piezoelectric-aeration catalysis reaction zone, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array is fixedly arranged in the reactor main body; the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array is fixedly arranged in the Fenton-piezoelectric catalysis enhanced reaction zone; the piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module comprises a micro-nano bubble generator, a micro-nano diaphragm and a piezoelectric composite filler, a filler containing cavity is formed between the micro-nano bubble generator and the micro-nano diaphragm, and the piezoelectric composite filler is filled in the filler containing cavity; the micro-nano bubble generator is connected with the dissolved air pump through a first air inlet pipe; and a Fenton filler is loaded on the surface of the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array. According to the invention, high-efficiency and low-consumption remediation and treatment of the water body can be realized in an underground water environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of groundwater pollution control technology, and in particular to a piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged treatment device for groundwater. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the continued deepening of energy development activities, various environmental risk events occur frequently. Large amounts of organic pollutants infiltrate through the soil, posing a persistent threat to the groundwater environment. Recent groundwater pollution surveys show a significant increase in the detection rates of pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and pesticide residues. In some areas, even new, persistent pollutants have been detected, posing potential risks to ecosystem safety and the health of residents' drinking water. Compared to surface water, the groundwater environment has significant unique characteristics. It is typically situated in a low-temperature, dark, enclosed space with extremely weak water flow and scarce nutrients. These environmental conditions greatly inhibit microbial activity, significantly reducing the metabolic efficiency of microorganisms in traditional bioremediation technologies. The lack of light directly blocks the action pathway of photocatalysis technology. Furthermore, the weak water flow makes it difficult for chemical agents to diffuse evenly, and the electric field distribution during electrochemical remediation is also difficult to control effectively. These characteristics make it difficult for remediation technologies suitable for surface water to achieve the expected results in groundwater treatment scenarios. Furthermore, increasingly stringent environmental policies are placing higher demands on green and low-carbon remediation technologies, rendering traditional high-energy-consuming and high-chemical-consumption treatment methods inadequate for the industry's needs. Therefore, developing new, highly efficient, and low-consumption remediation technologies adapted to the unique environment of groundwater has become a crucial and pressing issue in the field of groundwater pollution control. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling graded treatment device for groundwater, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve efficient and low-consumption remediation and treatment of water bodies in the groundwater environment.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides a piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device, comprising a reactor body, a piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module, and a PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array. The reactor body is sequentially divided into a piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone, a Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone, and a drainage zone by a partition. The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module is fixedly disposed in the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array is fixedly disposed in the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone. The reactor body is provided with an inlet pipe that connects to the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone. The piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone and the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone are connected by a first valve on the partition between them. The Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone and the drainage zone are connected by a second valve on the partition between them. The reactor body is also provided with a drainage pipe that connects to the drainage zone. The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module includes a micro-nano bubble generator, a micro-nano membrane, and a piezoelectric composite packing material. A packing cavity is formed between the micro-nano bubble generator and the micro-nano membrane, and the piezoelectric composite packing material is filled in the packing cavity. The micro-nano bubble generator is connected to a dissolved air pump through a first air inlet pipe. The PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array has Fenton filler loaded on its surface. Both ends of the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array are connected to a resin substrate. The resin substrate has an air passage. The dissolved air pump is connected to the air passage through a second air inlet pipe. The air passage connects the gaps between the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film arrays.

[0005] In one embodiment, an inlet valve is provided at the connection between the inlet pipe and the reactor body, and a drain valve is provided on the drain pipe.

[0006] In one embodiment, the inlet pipe is connected to the extraction pump, and the inlet pipe is equipped with a third valve, a hydraulic-electric control valve, and a flow meter.

[0007] In one embodiment, a lifting device is provided on the top of the reactor body.

[0008] In one embodiment, a hanging fixture is connected to the top of the lifting device.

[0009] In one embodiment, a central column is fixed in the middle of the reactor body, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array includes a plurality of Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP flexible piezoelectric films arranged around the central column.

[0010] In one embodiment, water quality monitoring sensors are provided in the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone and the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone, and the water quality monitoring sensors are connected to the PLC control system.

[0011] In one embodiment, both the first valve and the second valve are electrically connected to the PLC control system.

[0012] In one embodiment, a rotor flow meter is provided at the outlet end of the dissolved air pump.

[0013] In one embodiment, the micro / nano membrane is an inorganic ceramic membrane, and the reactor body is made of stainless steel.

[0014] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module of this invention works in conjunction with a gas-liquid dual-drive PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array. Under the synergistic effect of water flow impact and gas microturbulence, a stable potential difference is generated on the film surface. The α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles loaded on the film significantly enhance the piezoelectric catalytic activity of the PVDF-HFP through a β-phase enhancement mechanism, releasing Fe... 3+ The piezoelectric effect generates H₂O₂, triggering a highly efficient Fenton reaction. The continuous action of the piezoelectric field accelerates the Fe reaction during the Fenton process. 3+ / Fe 2+ The increased recycling rate further enhances the efficiency of free radical generation, significantly improving the deep degradation capacity of organic pollutants in groundwater. Furthermore, it operates efficiently in dark underground environments without the need for illumination, systematically solving the core shortcomings of existing technologies such as high energy consumption, susceptibility to pollution, and low efficiency. This invention achieves efficient reuse of piezoelectric materials, greatly improving treatment efficiency and reducing energy costs. Compared to traditional treatment technologies, it exhibits significant advantages in resource recycling, treatment efficiency, and economics, possessing extremely high application value and environmental benefits in fields such as industrial wastewater treatment and groundwater remediation.

[0015] This invention uses piezoelectric materials to directly convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, eliminating the need for an external power source and reducing energy consumption. By leveraging piezoelectric catalysis to generate free radicals, it degrades ionic, neutral molecular, and hydrophobic organic pollutants, breaking through the limitations of traditional electrochemical technologies. Furthermore, this invention avoids electrode corrosion and the generation of acid-base byproducts, effectively maintaining the stability of the physicochemical properties of water bodies and achieving highly efficient and environmentally friendly water purification.

[0016] The piezoelectric material of this invention exhibits unique advantages in oxygen-deficient and dark groundwater environments. It requires no light, is not consumed in the reaction, and can be reused repeatedly over a long period, significantly reducing remediation costs and environmental burden. This invention, utilizing piezoelectric catalysis technology, completely eliminates dependence on microbial metabolism and is not limited by environmental factors such as temperature and nutrient supply. Even in frigid permafrost regions or nutrient-poor deep groundwater environments, it can maintain stable and efficient operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged treatment groundwater device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module inside the reactor body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1-Reactor body, 2-Piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module, 3-PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array, 4-Baffle, 5-Piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone, 6-Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone, 7-Drainage zone, 8-Inlet pipe, 9-First valve, 10-Second valve, 11-Drainage pipe, 12-Micro-nano bubble generator, 13-Micro-nano diaphragm, 14-Piezoelectric composite packing, 15-Packing cavity, 16-First air inlet pipe, 17-Dissolved air pump, 18-Resin bottom, 19-Second air inlet pipe, 20-Inlet valve, 21-Drainage valve, 22-Extraction pump, 23-Third valve, 24-Hydraulic-electric control valve, 25-Flow meter, 26-Lifting device, 27-Suspended fixture, 28-Central column, 29-Water quality monitoring sensor, 30-PLC control system, 31-Rotameter. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling graded treatment device for groundwater, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve efficient and low-consumption remediation and treatment of water bodies in the groundwater environment.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment provides a piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupled graded groundwater treatment device, including a reactor body 1, a piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module 2, and a PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array 3. The reactor body 1 is divided into a piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone 5, a Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone 6, and a drainage zone 7 by a partition 4. The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module 2 is fixedly installed in the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone 5, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array 3 is fixedly installed in the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone 6. The reactor body 1 is provided with an inlet pipe 8 that connects to the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone 5. The piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone 5 and the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone 6 are connected by a first valve 9 on a partition 4 between the two. The Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone 6 and the drainage zone 7 are connected by a second valve 10 on a partition 4 between the two. The reactor body 1 is also provided with a drainage pipe 11 that connects to the drainage zone 7. The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module 2 includes a micro-nano bubble generator 12, a micro-nano diaphragm 13, and a piezoelectric composite packing 14. A packing cavity 15 is formed between the micro-nano bubble generator 12 and the micro-nano diaphragm 13, and the packing cavity 15 is filled with the piezoelectric composite packing 14. The micro-nano bubble generator 12 is connected to a dissolved air pump 17 through a first air inlet pipe 16. A rotor flow meter 31 is provided at the outlet end of the dissolved air pump 17. The surface of the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array 3 is loaded with Fenton filler. Both ends of the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array 3 are connected to resin substrates 18. Gas channels are provided inside the resin substrates 18. The dissolved air pump 17 is connected to the gas channels through the second air inlet pipe 19. The gas channels connect the gaps between the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film arrays 3.

[0024] The micro-nano membrane 13 is an inorganic ceramic membrane, and the reactor body 1 is made of stainless steel. An inlet valve 20 is installed at the connection between the inlet pipe 8 and the reactor body 1, and a drain valve 21 is installed on the drain pipe 11. The inlet pipe 8 is connected to the extraction pump 22, and is equipped with a third valve 23, a hydraulic-electric control valve 24, and a flow meter 25. A lifting device 26 is installed at the top of the reactor body 1. A hanging fixture 27 is connected to the top of the lifting device 26. A central column 28 is fixed in the middle of the reactor body 1, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array 3 includes multiple Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP flexible piezoelectric films arranged around the central column 28.

[0025] The hydraulically controlled valve 24 enables precise and automated control of fluids (water, chemical media, etc.), specifically: 1. Automated on / off switching: Replaces manual operation to achieve automatic switching of fluid passages; 2. Precise adjustment: Fine-tuning the valve core opening to stabilize flow rate, pressure, and liquid level; 3. Safety protection: Respond to abnormalities such as overpressure, backflow, and overload to prevent accidents; 4. Intelligent integration: Connect to the automation system to support remote monitoring and linkage; 5. Adapt to special working conditions: Designs such as corrosion resistance and explosion protection meet the requirements of complex scenarios such as high temperature and high pressure, ultimately ensuring the efficient, safe, and stable operation of the fluid system.

[0026] The third valve 23 is used for sectional isolation of the pipeline system to facilitate local maintenance.

[0027] In this embodiment, water quality monitoring sensors 29 are provided in the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone 5 and the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic strengthening reaction zone 6. The water quality monitoring sensors 29 are signal-connected to the PLC control system 30. The first valve 9 and the second valve 10 are both electrically connected to the PLC control system 30.

[0028] The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module 2 consists of three core components, namely the micro-nano diaphragm 13, the piezoelectric composite filler 14, and the air distribution device (micro-nano bubble generator 12), to form a precise cooperation system. The micro-nano diaphragm 13 realizes precise screening of substances by virtue of the nano-scale pore size regulation technology - only allowing bubbles and sewage with diameters in the micron to nano scale to penetrate, while effectively intercepting the larger-sized piezoelectric composite materials. This "molecular sieve" design not only greatly simplifies the material recovery process, reduces the maintenance cost, but also effectively avoids the risk of secondary pollution by preventing material loss, ensuring the sustainability of the system's full-cycle operation. From the perspective of material selection, the inorganic ceramic membrane, with a Mohs hardness of 7-9, a thermal stability that can withstand temperatures above 200°C, and excellent tolerance to strong acid and strong base environments, becomes the preferred solution for the diaphragm material, ensuring that the components can still maintain efficient operation under extreme working conditions. During the system operation, under the control of the PLC control system, the gas is transported to the air distribution device through the intake pipeline at a constant pressure by the dissolved air pump 17. In the micro-nano bubble generator 12, the gas is processed by the ultrasonic cavitation technology and instantly transformed into micro-nano bubbles.

[0029] To achieve dynamic optimization of the wastewater treatment process, the system integrates a multi-parameter real-time feedback mechanism: online sensors (water quality monitoring sensor 29) collect key indicators such as turbidity, conductivity, and pollutant concentration of the water body with millisecond-level response speed. Combined with the real-time monitoring of the sensors, the hydraulic retention time can be automatically adjusted through the PLC control system 30 to ensure that the wastewater is in full contact with micro-nano bubbles and piezoelectric composite materials within the cavity, thereby maximizing mass transfer efficiency. Micro-nano bubbles form a highly turbulent three-phase reaction system with groundwater and piezoelectric composite materials within the cavity. As the micro-nano bubbles rupture under the pressure gradient, the instantaneously released shock waves act on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material, exciting its internal lattice to undergo reversible deformation. Under stress, the piezoelectric material with lead zirconate titanate as its core generates polarized charges through the piezoelectric effect, forming free electron-hole pairs. These highly active charge carriers rapidly react with water molecules and dissolved oxygen to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide anion radicals (·O2). - These free radicals act like nanoscale "molecular scissors," capable of severing the chemical bonds of stubborn pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and antibiotics, mineralizing them into carbon dioxide and water, thus degrading the pollutants. The piezoelectric composite material employs a "core-shell" structure design, using honeycomb activated carbon as a carrier, with lead zirconate titanate nanoparticles uniformly loaded on its surface. This structural design not only provides a stable anchoring substrate for the piezoelectric material but also, through the rich pore network of activated carbon, achieves pre-adsorption and enrichment of pollutants, enhancing the local reaction concentration.

[0030] Based on the differences in wastewater composition, the ratio of carrier to piezoelectric material can be flexibly adjusted. For example, when treating heavy metal pollution, a modified diatomaceous earth carrier with chelating function can be used to achieve synergistic effects of physical adsorption and chemical degradation. The treated water undergoes full-parameter analysis via sensors, and the data is transmitted in real time to the central control system. Based on the PLC control system 30, the system can automatically adjust actuators such as the air pump (dissolved air pump 17) and valves, controlling the pump speed and valve opening to achieve dynamic optimization of micro-nano bubble aeration. Simultaneously, the PLC control system can also establish a mathematical model of DO concentration-reaction rate to precisely control the dissolved oxygen concentration within the optimal range, ensuring efficient aerobic reactions while reducing aeration energy consumption. The gas transport pipelines (first air inlet pipe 16 and second air inlet pipe 19) adopt a double-layer hollow structure design, with the inner layer being the gas transport channel and the outer layer being the liquid transport interlayer. The dissolved air pump 17 transports liquid through the outer liquid transport interlayer, and a portable gas cylinder can be used as the gas source for the inner gas transport channel according to reaction requirements. This structure not only integrates oxygen delivery and stirring functions but also allows for real-time adjustment of the pH value within the chamber according to reaction requirements. For example, when treating phenol-containing wastewater, the system can inject sodium hydroxide solution through pipelines to adjust the reaction environment to a slightly alkaline state, significantly improving the oxidation efficiency of hydroxyl radicals. Furthermore, liquid nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus sources, can be added to the pipelines as needed to provide essential nutrients for microbial growth and metabolism, constructing a coupled "chemical oxidation-biodegradation" treatment system. This design significantly enhances the system's adaptability and treatment efficiency to complex polluted water bodies, demonstrating powerful treatment capabilities whether dealing with industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, or sudden pollution events.

[0031] The reactor body 1 is a columnar structure made of stainless steel with a high-strength 316L stainless steel shell. This material possesses excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength, enabling it to withstand the erosion of the highly acidic environment of the Fenton reaction while providing stable support and protection for the internal structure. A central column 28 is fixedly installed at the center of the reactor body 1, serving as the supporting framework for the entire device. This central column is made of solid stainless steel bar to ensure structural stability. Adjustable metal rods are arranged around the central column 28, connected to it. The length of these rods can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range according to actual processing requirements. The surface of the metal rods has grooves and fixing bolts for securely installing the Fenton packing PVDF-HFP. The flexible piezoelectric film, with its Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array arranged around the central column 28, not only makes full use of space but also ensures the uniform distribution of the Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP flexible piezoelectric film in the reaction water, enhancing its effectiveness against pollutants. The installation process for the Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP flexible piezoelectric film is as follows: First, according to the preset hole distribution, the film is precisely fixed onto a resin base (resin base 18) with pre-fabricated precision positioning holes; then, this pre-assembled unit is added into the device cavity to form a complete piezoelectric film array; finally, the array module is directly embedded into the preset slot and locked with bolts to achieve a stable installation. The top of the reactor body 1 is equipped with a lifting device 26, supporting both manual and electric adjustment modes. By adjusting the lifting device 26, the immersion depth of the reactor body 1 in water can be precisely controlled to adapt to different operating conditions. A hanging fixture 27 is connected to the top of the lifting device 26. During operation, the position of the device can be adjusted according to the actual water quality using the lifting device 26 to ensure that the device is in the optimal working position. The high-frequency vibration effect generated, in conjunction with the Fenton reaction, enhances the degradation efficiency of pollutants, achieving efficient treatment of the target polluted water body. The suspension and fixing method facilitates the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of the equipment. Within the entire device cavity, micro-nano bubbles form a highly turbulent three-phase reaction system with groundwater and piezoelectric composite materials. As the micro-nano bubbles burst under the pressure gradient, the instantaneously released shock waves act on the surface of the piezoelectric composite material, exciting the internal lattice to undergo reversible deformation, thereby generating high-frequency vibration. The water outlet section at the lower end of the reactor body 1 consists of a drain pipe 11 and a drain valve 21. The drain pipe 11 is vertically arranged and serves as the channel for the treated water to flow out. It is connected to the reactor body 1 at the top and can be connected to subsequent drainage or treatment facilities at the bottom. The drain pipe 11 is equipped with a set of drain valves 21. The flow rate and flow of water in the drain pipe 11 can be controlled by opening, closing, or adjusting the valve opening. This allows for easy shut-off of the water flow when needed, facilitating equipment maintenance and repair, or flexibly adjusting the drainage volume according to actual needs.

[0032] The Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array serves as the core functional unit for the deep degradation of organic pollutants. Within the Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array framework, the pore spacing of the flexible Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP piezoelectric films exhibits a gradient distribution. This is achieved by setting pores (i.e., positioning holes on the resin substrate) arranged radially in a regular pattern. For example, from the central region to the edge region, the spacing between adjacent pores gradually increases; that is, the pore spacing is small and densely distributed at the center, while the pore spacing is large and sparsely distributed at the edge. This results in a radial distribution characteristic of the flexible Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film radiating outwards from the center as a symmetrical point. This ensures uniform performance in all radial directions (such as fluid distribution, stress state, and mass transfer efficiency), avoiding flow deviation or stress concentration in localized areas due to structural asymmetry. Through the precise gradient pore spacing distribution, gas is uniformly diffused in a laminar flow state to the surface of each Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP flexible piezoelectric film. This gas distribution mechanism acts as a stable kinetic foundation for the "gas-liquid dual-drive" reaction, ensuring a highly efficient and stable reaction process. As a key supporting structure, the resin base 18 breaks through the single fixing function of traditional frames, employing a micron-level precision pore slot positioning system to strictly control the arrangement error of the PVDF-HFP flexible film array within ±0.1mm, thereby forming a film structure with uniform thickness and highly consistent mechanical properties. This structure can flexibly adjust the pore density according to different water quality conditions and operating requirements, achieving customized adaptation. When subjected to pulsed hydraulic pressure, the elastic modulus of the resin base 18 forms an efficient mechanical coupling with the piezoelectric film material, ensuring the structural stability of the membrane under complex operating conditions and accurately transmitting pressure to the surface of the piezoelectric material, fully stimulating its catalytic activity. The PVDF-HFP flexible film with α-Fe2O3 nanoparticle Fenton filler loaded on its surface exhibits excellent piezoelectric catalytic degradation performance under the "gas-liquid dual-drive" effect. The micro-turbulence effect generated by gas impact and the synergistic effect of increased internal water flow velocity create a stable potential difference on the membrane surface. α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles significantly enhanced the piezoelectric catalytic performance of PVDF-HFP through a β-phase enhancement mechanism, while simultaneously releasing Fe. 3+ The Fe undergoes a Fenton reaction with H₂O₂ generated by the piezoelectric film. Driven by the piezoelectric electric field, Fe... 3+ / Fe 2+The significantly increased circulation rate further enhances the deep degradation capability of organic pollutants in groundwater. This process not only achieves deep mineralization of pollutants but also significantly improves mass transfer efficiency and greatly increases the contact frequency between pollutants and active groups by leveraging the micro-electric field effect on the membrane surface. It is worth emphasizing that this piezoelectric material only acts as an energy conversion medium in the reaction; thanks to its excellent chemical stability, it can be reused, fully demonstrating the concept of green and sustainable development. The gas transport pipeline adopts an innovative multiphase flow composite transmission design with three unique functional characteristics: First, oxygen is injected into the system in the form of microbubbles through a dissolved air pump, effectively increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration while suppressing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and reducing the risk of secondary pollution; second, equipped with an intelligent PLC control system, it can deliver pH adjustment liquid in real time and accurately, strictly controlling the reaction environment within the optimal catalytic range; third, functional microbial agents and liquid nutrients can be selectively added according to actual needs to construct a ternary synergistic treatment system of "piezoelectric catalysis-chemical oxidation-biodegradation". This system, with its innovative multi-technology synergistic design, demonstrates strong adaptability and high-efficiency treatment capabilities for various complex pollutants.

[0033] Extraction pump 22 draws water samples from the target water body to the reaction equipment. It works in conjunction with hydraulic-electric control valve 24 to control the opening and closing of the water flow channel and the resistance, adjusting the hydraulic extraction effect to ensure the water flow rate entering the system meets the standards. Flow meter 25 is installed on the outlet pipe of extraction pump 22 to measure the extraction water flow rate in real time, facilitating operators to adjust the working status of extraction pump 22 and precisely regulate the equipment's water intake. During the reaction process, dissolved gas pump 17 acts as a gas supply unit, dispersing gas in the liquid in the form of micro-nano bubbles. The PVDF-HFP flexible film, with α-Fe2O3 nanoparticle Fenton filler on its surface, exhibits excellent piezoelectric catalytic degradation performance under the "gas-liquid dual-drive" effect. Its connected rotor flow meter 31 accurately measures the gas velocity, allowing operators to adjust the dissolved gas pump flow rate according to process requirements, ensuring a stable and suitable gas supply to the reaction system. The system can be flexibly equipped with liquid flow meters according to actual operating conditions to accurately monitor the flow rate of key materials such as influent, thereby ensuring a stable and suitable supply of materials to the reaction system. The sensor (water quality monitoring sensor 29) is flexible in installation, and can be installed wirelessly or wired. It monitors key parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH value, and pollutant concentration in real time, providing a basis for evaluating the system's operating status. The PLC control system receives the sensor feedback data, accurately analyzes the degradation effect of each reaction module, automatically adjusts the dosage of chemicals, and controls the opening and closing of valves in each module, realizing automated and precise control of the reaction. Under the unified, coordinated, and precise control of the PLC control system, the functional components work closely together to ensure the efficient operation of the entire equipment system and achieve effective degradation of the target pollutants.

[0034] This device does not rely on external active power sources such as electricity or light; it can continuously and stably stimulate the piezoelectric catalytic effect solely through the natural flow of water and air transport. This method of converting environmental kinetic energy into chemical reaction energy not only significantly reduces the energy consumption of the equipment but also avoids the impact of external energy fluctuations on the treatment effect. It provides a green, efficient, and sustainable energy solution for pollutant treatment, demonstrating enormous application potential and environmental value.

[0035] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged treatment device for groundwater, characterized in that: The reactor includes a reactor body, a piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module, and a PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array. The reactor body is divided into a piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone, a Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone, and a drainage zone by a partition. The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module is fixedly installed in the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric thin film array is fixedly installed in the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone. The reactor body is provided with an inlet pipe that connects to the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone. The piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone and the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone are connected by a first valve on the partition between them. The Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone and the drainage zone are connected by a second valve on the partition between them. The reactor body is also provided with a drainage pipe that connects to the drainage zone. The piezoelectric-aeration water treatment module includes a micro-nano bubble generator, a micro-nano membrane, and a piezoelectric composite packing material. A packing cavity is formed between the micro-nano bubble generator and the micro-nano membrane, and the piezoelectric composite packing material is filled in the packing cavity. The micro-nano bubble generator is connected to a dissolved air pump through a first air inlet pipe. The PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array has Fenton filler loaded on its surface. Both ends of the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array are connected to a resin substrate. The resin substrate has an air passage. The dissolved air pump is connected to the air passage through a second air inlet pipe. The air passage connects the gaps between the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film arrays.

2. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet valve is provided at the connection between the inlet pipe and the reactor body, and a drain valve is provided on the drain pipe.

3. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe is connected to the extraction pump, and the inlet pipe is equipped with a third valve, a hydraulic-electric control valve, and a flow meter.

4. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor body is equipped with a lifting device on top.

5. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the lifting device is connected to a hanging fixture.

6. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A central column is fixed in the middle of the reactor body, and the PVDF-HFP piezoelectric film array includes multiple Fenton-filled PVDF-HFP flexible piezoelectric films arranged around the central column.

7. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Water quality monitoring sensors are installed in the piezoelectric-aeration catalytic reaction zone and the Fenton-piezoelectric catalytic enhancement reaction zone, and the water quality monitoring sensors are connected to the PLC control system.

8. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the first valve and the second valve are electrically connected to the PLC control system.

9. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the dissolved air pump is equipped with a rotor flow meter.

10. The piezoelectric catalytic-Fenton self-coupling staged groundwater treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro / nano membrane is an inorganic ceramic membrane, and the reactor body is made of stainless steel.

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