Vehicle body phosphating method and device, vehicle and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a phosphating method and device for a vehicle body, a vehicle and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment.The method comprises the steps that the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body is obtained; determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate and the fluorinion consumption rate of the bath solution in the phosphating bath; wherein a vehicle body is placed in the phosphating tank; based on the planned aluminum steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate and the fluorine ion consumption rate, the steady-state fluorine ion concentration of the bath solution is determined; and regulating and controlling the bath solution based on the steady-state fluorine ion concentration. Therefore, the fluorine ion concentration of the tank liquid in the phosphating tank can be controlled to maintain the expected fluorine ion concentration all the time, so that the phosphating quality of a vehicle body is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metal surface treatment technology, specifically to a phosphating method, apparatus, vehicle, and electronic equipment for a car body. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, to achieve higher power and fuel economy, the demand for lightweighting in new energy vehicles is becoming increasingly significant, and aluminum alloys are being used more and more widely in vehicle bodies due to their lightweight advantages. Body materials are gradually developing towards a combination of cold-rolled steel sheets and aluminum alloys. Phosphating treatment is required before body painting to improve corrosion resistance and paint film adhesion; therefore, how to improve the quality of phosphating treatment before body painting has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] However, existing methods for improving phosphating quality generally involve adding sodium fluoride to modify the composition of the phosphating solution and enhance the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the phosphating film. However, these methods suffer from significant fluctuations in fluoride ion concentration, which negatively impacts the quality of the phosphating process. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a method with smaller fluctuations in fluoride ion concentration to ensure the quality of phosphating on the vehicle body. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, vehicle, and electronic equipment for phosphating a car body, to at least solve the technical problem in related technologies where large fluctuations in the fluoride ion concentration in the phosphating bath affect the phosphating quality of the car body. The technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for phosphating a car body, comprising: obtaining a planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the car body; determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the bath solution in the phosphating tank; wherein the car body is placed in the phosphating tank; determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate; and adjusting the bath solution based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the phosphate bath by determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the phosphate bath solution in the phosphate bath for vehicle phosphate treatment, as well as the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body to be phosphated, and adjust the bath solution in a timely manner. This can avoid phosphate process defects caused by excessive changes in fluoride ion concentration. At the same time, it improves the processing efficiency and phosphate treatment quality of vehicle bodies with different aluminum-steel surface area ratios during phosphate treatment.

[0007] In one feasible manner, the aluminum anode dissolution rate in the phosphating bath is determined by: determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate based on the aluminum anode dissolution current density of the bath, the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, the aluminum overpotential, and the temperature.

[0008] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the dissolution rate of aluminum anode in phosphating bath more accurately by determining the parameters related to the dissolution rate of aluminum anode in the bath solution.

[0009] In one feasible approach, determining the fluoride ion consumption rate of the solution in a phosphating tank includes: measuring the change in fluoride ion concentration of the solution during a target time period; and determining the fluoride ion consumption rate based on the duration of the target time period and the change in fluoride ion concentration.

[0010] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the fluoride ion consumption rate by timely measuring the change in fluoride ion concentration within the target time period, thereby facilitating the accurate determination of the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the tank solution.

[0011] In one feasible approach, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath is determined based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate, including: determining the reaction order of fluoride ions in the bath based on the fluoride ion consumption rate; and determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order.

[0012] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution by combining the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate and reaction order, so as to avoid phosphating process defects caused by excessive changes in fluoride ion concentration when car bodies with different aluminum-steel surface area ratios are produced on mixed production lines.

[0013] In one feasible approach, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution is determined based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order, including: determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, the reaction order, the Faraday constant, and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution by planning the aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, reaction order, Faraday constant, and fluoride ion consumption rate constant, so as to more accurately control the fluctuation of fluoride ion concentration in the bath solution and avoid phosphating process defects caused by excessive changes in fluoride ion concentration.

[0015] In one feasible approach, determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, reaction order, Faraday constant, and fluoride ion consumption rate constant includes: determining a first product of the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio and the aluminum anode dissolution rate; determining a second product of the Faraday constant and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant; calculating the ratio of the first product to three times the second product; and determining the first value, with the ratio as the base and the reciprocal of the reaction order as the exponent, as the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0016] Based on the above technical means, this application can determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration by combining the first product, the second product and the reaction order, so that the fluoride ion concentration in the bath solution fluctuates within the steady-state fluoride ion concentration range, avoiding defects in the phosphating process caused by excessive changes in fluoride ion concentration.

[0017] Secondly, this application provides a phosphating device for a car body, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the car body; a first determination module for determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the solution in the phosphating tank; wherein the car body is placed in the phosphating tank; a second determination module for determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate; and a control module for controlling the solution based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0018] In one feasible approach, a first determining module is used to determine the aluminum anode dissolution rate based on the aluminum anode dissolution current density of the bath solution, the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, the aluminum overpotential, and the temperature.

[0019] In one feasible approach, the first determining module is further configured to measure the change in fluoride ion concentration of the tank solution during a target time period; and to determine the fluoride ion consumption rate based on the duration of the target time period and the change in fluoride ion concentration.

[0020] In one feasible approach, the second determining module is specifically used to: determine the reaction order of fluoride ions in the bath based on the fluoride ion consumption rate; and determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration in the bath based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order.

[0021] In one feasible approach, a second determining module is used to determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, reaction order, Faraday constant, and fluoride ion consumption rate constant.

[0022] In one feasible manner, the second determining module is further configured to determine the first product of the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio and the aluminum anode dissolution rate; determine the second product of the Faraday constant and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant; calculate the ratio of the first product to three times the second product; and determine the first value, with the ratio as the base and the reciprocal of the reaction order as the exponent, as the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0023] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle, including a body body, which is phosphated using the phosphated method for the vehicle body described in the first aspect.

[0024] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program is loaded by the processor and executes the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0025] Fifthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium that, when the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, enables the electronic device to perform the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0026] In a sixth aspect, this application provides a computer program product comprising computer instructions that, when executed on an electronic device, cause the electronic device to perform the method described in the first aspect and any of its possible implementations.

[0027] It should be noted that the technical effects of any of the implementation methods in aspects two through six can be found in the technical effects of the corresponding implementation methods in aspect one, and will not be repeated here.

[0028] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application, and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a phosphating system for a vehicle body according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a phosphating method for a car body according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a block diagram illustrating a phosphating device for a vehicle body according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary," "for example," or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0038] The phosphating method for vehicle bodies provided in this application is intended to improve the corrosion resistance of vehicle bodies (especially intelligent driving vehicles) by performing phosphating treatment. Vehicles can also be referred to as vehicles, mobile carriers, electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), autonomous vehicles, intelligent and connected vehicles (ICVs), driverless vehicles, etc.

[0039] In this application's embodiments, the vehicle can be a sedan, a sport utility vehicle (SUV), a truck, a special vehicle (such as an ambulance, fire truck, police car, etc.), a driverless taxi, an intelligent connected bus, an autonomous logistics vehicle, an electric truck, a tricycle, etc. Furthermore, this method is also applicable to various special-purpose vehicles, such as agricultural vehicles, mining vehicles, forestry vehicles, airport vehicles, and port vehicles. This application does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the implementation environment for vehicle body phosphating in this application includes: a vehicle body phosphating device 101 and a phosphating data acquisition device 102; the vehicle body phosphating device 101 can establish a communication connection with the phosphating data acquisition device 102. The phosphating data acquisition device 102 can be deployed in a phosphating tank.

[0041] The phosphating data acquisition device 102 is used to collect the phosphating bath solution and analyze the solution to determine the aluminum anode dissolution current density, aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, aluminum overpotential and temperature, and the change in fluoride ion concentration within a preset time period, so as to transmit the above parameters to the phosphating device 101 of the vehicle body.

[0042] The phosphating device 101 of the vehicle body determines the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the phosphating bath solution based on the parameters transmitted by the phosphating data acquisition device 102. In combination with the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration is obtained, thereby regulating the concentration of the phosphating bath solution.

[0043] In practical applications, the phosphating device 101 of the vehicle body can be communicatively connected with one or more phosphating data acquisition devices 102.

[0044] For ease of understanding, this application uses the communication connection between a phosphating device 101 of a vehicle body and a phosphating data acquisition device 102 as an example for illustration.

[0045] As a feasible approach, Figure 1 The phosphating device 101 and phosphating data acquisition device 102 of the vehicle body can be located outside the vehicle. The phosphating device 101 and phosphating data acquisition device 102 can be functional modules integrated into the same device, or they can be independently installed devices. This application does not impose any limitations on the comparison.

[0046] It is easy to understand that when the phosphating device 101 and the phosphating data acquisition device 102 of the vehicle body are functional modules integrated within the same device, the communication method between the phosphating device 101 and the phosphating data acquisition device 102 of the vehicle body is the same as the communication method between modules within the device. In this case, the communication process between the two is the same as the communication process when the phosphating device 101 and the phosphating data acquisition device 102 of the vehicle body are set up independently. For ease of understanding, this application mainly uses the example of the phosphating device 101 and the phosphating data acquisition device 102 of the vehicle body being set up independently as an example for explanation.

[0047] As a feasible approach, Figure 1 The phosphating device 101 or phosphating data acquisition device 102 of the vehicle body can be installed on a terminal, a server, or other types of electronic equipment.

[0048] When the phosphating device 101 in the vehicle body is located at a terminal, the terminal can be a device providing software data connectivity for software integrators, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The terminal can communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (RAN). The terminal can be a mobile terminal, such as a computer with a mobile terminal, or a mobile device that exchanges voice and / or data with the radio access network, such as a mobile phone, tablet, laptop, netbook, or personal digital assistant (PDA). This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0049] When the phosphating device 101 on the vehicle body is mounted on a server, the server can be a single server or a server cluster consisting of multiple servers. In some embodiments, the server cluster can also be a distributed cluster. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0050] It should be noted that the structure illustrated in the embodiments of this application does not constitute a limitation on the phosphating device 101 of the vehicle body. It may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine some components, or split some components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both.

[0051] For ease of understanding, the following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, details the phosphating apparatus for the vehicle body and the phosphating method for the vehicle body based on the phosphating apparatus provided in this application.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a phosphating method for a car body according to an exemplary embodiment, with reference to... Figure 2This application provides a phosphating method for a car body, comprising:

[0053] S201, Obtain the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body.

[0054] The aforementioned vehicle body refers to the main structural part of the vehicle, providing space for the driver, passengers, and cargo. It also plays a crucial role in protecting personnel and cargo, connecting various vehicle components, and withstanding various forces during vehicle operation. Structurally, the vehicle body typically includes the body itself, interior and exterior trim, body accessories, seats, and, in the case of a non-load-bearing chassis, the body in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, the body itself. In the automotive manufacturing field, the design and manufacturing of the vehicle body requires comprehensive consideration of various factors, such as aerodynamic performance, safety, comfort, aesthetics, and lightweighting. Different aluminum-to-steel surface area ratios result in varying degrees of lightweighting; a higher proportion of aluminum in the vehicle body's surface area results in a lighter vehicle, while a lower proportion results in a heavier vehicle.

[0055] For example, vehicles with the aforementioned body can be all-aluminum bodies, all-steel bodies, or bodies with different aluminum-to-steel surface area ratios. For instance, traditional heavy-duty commercial vehicles (such as cargo trucks and tractors) typically have a low aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, possibly as low as 1:9 or even lower, to better meet their needs for carrying heavy loads and operating in complex road conditions. Mid-to-high-end passenger vehicles (such as mid-size sedans and SUVs) generally have an aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio between 3:7 and 5:5. High-performance sports cars and all-aluminum-body electric vehicles may have an aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of 7:3 or even higher. In the aforementioned mid-to-high-end passenger vehicles, aluminum alloys are increasingly used not only in components such as the hood and doors, but also in parts of the body frame. For example, some models use aluminum alloy reinforcements in the A-pillar and B-pillar, reducing weight while maintaining body strength. Most structural components of the aforementioned high-performance sports cars are made of aluminum alloy, including the body frame, chassis, and suspension system. Some high-end sports cars even use an all-aluminum body structure, using only a small amount of steel in a few parts with extremely high strength requirements, such as the support structure connecting key components like the engine and transmission. Some all-aluminum electric vehicles significantly reduce the weight of the body by extensively using aluminum alloy materials, thereby effectively increasing the vehicle's range.

[0056] The aforementioned aluminum-steel surface area ratio refers to the aluminum-steel surface area ratio of a vehicle body determined after comprehensive consideration of factors such as vehicle lightweighting goals, cost budget, performance requirements, and manufacturing processes. During the phosphating treatment of the vehicle body, the aluminum-steel surface area ratio varies between different vehicles, which will affect the aluminum-steel surface area ratio during the entire planned phosphating period of the vehicle.

[0057] The aforementioned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio needs to take into account the surface area of ​​all aluminum alloy and cold-rolled steel components of the vehicle body. For example, aluminum alloy components may include the hood, doors, fenders, and roof; while cold-rolled steel components may include the body frame and parts of the chassis structure.

[0058] The aforementioned planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio refers to the ratio of the surface area of ​​aluminum alloy components to the surface area of ​​cold-rolled steel sheet components in the vehicle body, pre-planned during the vehicle manufacturing process.

[0059] For example, the above-mentioned planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio can be Among them, S Al S represents the planned aluminum surface area for the vehicle. Fe The planned steel surface area for the vehicle.

[0060] For example, in the actual phosphating process, the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio is not constant. As the vehicle body material is different, the aluminum-steel surface area ratio will also be different. The planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio can be adjusted according to the actual phosphating requirements.

[0061] S202. Determine the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate in the phosphating tank; wherein the vehicle body is placed in the phosphating tank.

[0062] The aforementioned phosphating tank is a key piece of equipment in the automotive pretreatment process, providing the space for the phosphating reaction on the car body. It is typically made of corrosion-resistant materials such as fiberglass, stainless steel, or specially treated carbon steel to ensure it will not be damaged during prolonged contact with the corrosive phosphating solution. In the phosphating tank, the car body surface reacts chemically with the solution, forming a phosphating film on the metal surface. This phosphating film plays a crucial role in improving paint adhesion and enhancing the car body's corrosion resistance.

[0063] The aforementioned bath solution refers to the phosphating solution mixture filled in the phosphating tank, which is the working medium used to achieve the phosphating treatment. For example, the bath solution contains various chemical substances, such as phosphates, accelerators, additives, and water. Accelerators are used to lower the activation energy of the phosphating reaction and accelerate the film formation rate, including but not limited to nitrate-type, nitrite-type, chlorate-type, and organic accelerators. Additives are used to improve the crystal structure, corrosion resistance, adhesion, and other properties of the phosphating film, including but not limited to complexing agents, fluorides, heavy metal salts, and pH adjusters. Among them, fluorides provide fluoride ions to the phosphating tank solution.

[0064] The aforementioned aluminum anolyte dissolution rate refers to the process during phosphating, where aluminum alloy parts in the car body are immersed in the phosphating bath. The aluminum in the alloy acts as the anode, undergoing an oxidation reaction and dissolving. The aluminum anolyte dissolution rate is the mass or amount of aluminum atoms dissolved per unit time. It is typically expressed in milligrams per square decimeter per hour (mg / dm²). 2 The rate of aluminum anode dissolution is expressed in units such as h or moles per liter per second (mol / (L·s)). Factors affecting the dissolution rate of aluminum anodes include, but are not limited to, bath composition, temperature, and current density.

[0065] In one feasible manner, the aluminum anode dissolution rate in the phosphating bath is determined by: determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate based on the aluminum anode dissolution current density of the bath, the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, the aluminum overpotential, and the temperature.

[0066] For example, the above-mentioned aluminum anode dissolution rate can be

[0067] Among them, i 0,Al α is the aluminum anode dissolution current density. Al η is the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, F is the Faraday constant, and η is the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient. Al Let R be the overpotential of aluminum, R be the gas constant, and T be the temperature.

[0068] The aforementioned fluoride ion consumption rate refers to the decrease in fluoride ion concentration in the phosphating bath per unit time, usually expressed in units such as moles per liter per hour (mol / (L·h)). Factors affecting the fluoride ion consumption rate include, but are not limited to, aluminum dissolution, the phosphating reaction, bath circulation, and agitation.

[0069] In one feasible approach, determining the fluoride ion consumption rate of the solution in a phosphating tank includes: measuring the change in fluoride ion concentration of the solution during a target time period; and determining the fluoride ion consumption rate based on the duration of the target time period and the change in fluoride ion concentration.

[0070] The aforementioned target time period refers to a period of time during which the phosphate bath solution treats the vehicle. It is used to determine the change in fluoride ion concentration within the target time period in order to determine the fluoride ion consumption rate. The target time period is much shorter than the planned phosphate bath period for the vehicle.

[0071] The aforementioned placement of the vehicle body in the phosphating tank refers to immersing the entire body or part of the vehicle body, which has undergone pre-treatment processes such as degreasing, washing, and surface conditioning, into the phosphating tank, ensuring full contact between the body surface and the phosphating solution. The residence time of the vehicle body in the phosphating tank, the immersion method (e.g., full immersion, partial immersion), and parameters such as the temperature and composition of the solution are all strictly controlled according to specific process requirements. Specifically, when the entire vehicle body is immersed in the phosphating tank, the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio is the same as the total aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the entire vehicle body; when only a portion of the vehicle body is immersed, the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio is the same as the aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the immersed portion of the vehicle body.

[0072] S203. Based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, and fluoride ion consumption rate, determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution.

[0073] The aforementioned steady-state fluoride ion concentration refers to the state in which the concentration of fluoride ions in the bath remains constant or fluctuates slightly around a certain average value when the system reaches dynamic equilibrium in a specific electrochemical processing system (such as anodizing, electroplating, or electrochemical etching of aluminum / steel). This state is the result of the balance between the aluminum anode dissolution rate and the fluoride ion consumption rate. For example, the electrochemical processing system could be used for the phosphating process of a car body.

[0074] In one feasible approach, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath is determined based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate, including: determining the reaction order of fluoride ions in the bath based on the fluoride ion consumption rate; and determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order.

[0075] For example, the determination of the reaction order of fluoride ions in the above-mentioned bath solution can be...

[0076] Among them, [F - ] represents the fluoride ion concentration, κ represents the fluoride ion consumption rate constant, and m represents the reaction order. The reaction order includes, but is not limited to, zero-order reaction, first-order reaction, second-order reaction, etc. The reaction order can be positive, negative, zero, or fractional. For example, in the above embodiment, the reaction order can be in the range of (0, 2).

[0077] Zero-order reactions are reactions whose rate is independent of reactant concentration and controlled solely by catalysts or surface reactions. First-order reactions are reactions whose rate is linearly related to reactant concentration. Second-order reactions are reactions whose rate is linearly related to the square of reactant concentration. In multi-step reactions involving intermediates, the overall reaction order may be fractional. For example, aluminum anodes and fluoride ions can form multi-order complexes (such as AlF₂). 2+ , AlF3, In phosphating solutions, fluoride ions may... It exists in the form of aluminum ions, and its concentration is affected by both the solution pH and the aluminum ion concentration. The reaction order may be fractional (e.g., 0.5 to 1.5).

[0078] In one feasible approach, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution is determined based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order, including: determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, the reaction order, the Faraday constant, and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant.

[0079] In one feasible approach, determining the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, reaction order, Faraday constant, and fluoride ion consumption rate constant includes: determining a first product of the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio and the aluminum anode dissolution rate; determining a second product of the Faraday constant and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant; calculating the ratio of the first product to three times the second product; and determining the first value, with the ratio as the base and the reciprocal of the reaction order as the exponent, as the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0080] The governing equation for the steady-state fluoride ion concentration is as follows:

[0081] Where γ is the aluminum / steel surface area ratio, i 0,Al α is the aluminum anode dissolution current density. Al η is the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, F is the Faraday constant, and η is the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient. Al Let be the overpotential of aluminum, R be the gas constant, T be the temperature, κ be the fluoride ion consumption rate constant, and m be the reaction order.

[0082] S204. The bath solution is adjusted based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0083] The aforementioned regulation of the phosphate bath refers to adjusting the concentration of the phosphate bath solution based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration during each planned phosphate bath period for each vehicle. This regulation includes increasing and decreasing the fluoride ion concentration. When increasing or decreasing the fluoride ion concentration, the concentration of other components in the phosphate bath solution besides fluoride ions also needs to be adjusted accordingly. This ensures that the rate of fluoride ion consumption generated by aluminum anode dissolution and the electrochemical dissolution rate remain balanced during each planned phosphate bath period for each vehicle, thus avoiding a decline in processing quality (such as uneven film layer, accelerated corrosion, etc.) due to fluctuations in fluoride ion concentration.

[0084] The above-mentioned regulation includes directly regulating the fluoride ion concentration, such as adding fluoride, diluting or removing part of the tank solution; or regulating the fluoride ion consumption rate to regulate the fluoride ion concentration, such as adjusting the reaction order (adjusting the pH value to adjust the reaction order); adding a complexing agent to form a complex with fluoride ions to reduce the reactivity of free fluoride ions, thereby reducing the reaction order or the fluoride ion consumption rate constant, etc.

[0085] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the phosphate bath by determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the phosphate bath solution in the phosphate bath for vehicle phosphate treatment, as well as the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body to be phosphated, and adjust the bath solution in a timely manner. This can avoid phosphate process defects caused by excessive changes in fluoride ion concentration. At the same time, it improves the processing efficiency and phosphate treatment quality of vehicle bodies with different aluminum-steel surface area ratios during phosphate treatment.

[0086] For example, the implementation process of the above regulation includes: real-time collection of data such as the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, and fluoride ion consumption rate.

[0087] A dynamic prediction model is established based on the control equation of steady-state fluoride ion concentration to predict the impact of changes in each parameter on fluoride ions.

[0088] Based on the deviation between the set value and the actual value of fluoride ions, the amount of fluoride ions added or the current density is adjusted through proportional-integral-differential calculations.

[0089] The phosphating actuator, which performs the phosphating process, is adjusted together with the phosphating device of the vehicle body to control the stability of the fluoride ion concentration in the phosphating tank.

[0090] The aforementioned phosphating actuators include, but are not limited to, power supplies, supplementary pumps, and heating / cooling devices.

[0091] Figure 3 This is a phosphating device for a vehicle body according to an exemplary embodiment, with reference to... Figure 3 This application provides a phosphating device for a vehicle body, comprising:

[0092] The acquisition module is used to obtain the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body;

[0093] The first determining module is used to determine the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate in the phosphating tank solution; wherein the vehicle body is placed in the phosphating tank.

[0094] In one feasible approach, a first determining module is used to determine the aluminum anode dissolution rate based on the aluminum anode dissolution current density of the bath solution, the aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, the aluminum overpotential, and the temperature.

[0095] In one feasible approach, the first determining module is further configured to measure the change in fluoride ion concentration of the tank solution during a target time period; and to determine the fluoride ion consumption rate based on the duration of the target time period and the change in fluoride ion concentration.

[0096] The second determining module is used to determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, and fluoride ion consumption rate.

[0097] In one feasible approach, the second determining module is specifically used to: determine the reaction order of fluoride ions in the bath based on the fluoride ion consumption rate; and determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration in the bath based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order.

[0098] In one feasible approach, a second determining module is used to determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, aluminum anode dissolution rate, reaction order, Faraday constant, and fluoride ion consumption rate constant.

[0099] In one feasible manner, the second determining module is further configured to determine the first product of the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio and the aluminum anode dissolution rate; determine the second product of the Faraday constant and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant; calculate the ratio of the first product to three times the second product; and determine the first value, with the ratio as the base and the reciprocal of the reaction order as the exponent, as the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0100] The control module is used to regulate the bath solution based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

[0101] Based on the above-mentioned technical means, this application can determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the phosphate bath by determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the phosphate bath solution in the phosphate bath for vehicle phosphate treatment, as well as the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body to be phosphated, and adjust the bath solution in a timely manner. This can avoid phosphate process defects caused by excessive changes in fluoride ion concentration. At the same time, it improves the processing efficiency and phosphate treatment quality of vehicle bodies with different aluminum-steel surface area ratios during phosphate treatment.

[0102] Regarding the methods in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each step is performed has been described in detail in the embodiments of the software configuration system, and will not be elaborated here.

[0103] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes, but is not limited to, a processor 401 and a memory 402.

[0104] The memory 402 described above is used to store the executable instructions of the processor 401. It is understood that the processor 401 is configured to execute instructions to implement the methods in the above embodiments.

[0105] It should be noted that those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4 The electronic device structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device; the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, other electronic devices. Figure 4 This may indicate more or fewer components, or combinations of certain components, or different component arrangements.

[0106] Processor 401 is the control center of the electronic device. It connects various parts of the electronic device via various interfaces and lines. By running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in memory 402, and by calling data stored in memory 402, it performs various functions and processes data, thereby providing overall monitoring of the electronic device. Processor 401 may include one or more processing units. Processor 401 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications, while the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 401.

[0107] The memory 402 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 402 may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required by at least one functional module (such as deterministic components, integrated components, etc.), etc. Furthermore, the memory 402 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.

[0108] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided, such as a memory 402 including instructions, which can be executed by a processor 401 of an electronic device to implement the methods in the above embodiments.

[0109] In actual implementation, Figure 3 The functions of the acquisition module 301, the first determination module 302, the second determination module 303, and the control module 304 can all be provided by... Figure 4 The processor 401 calls the computer program stored in the memory 402 to implement the process. The specific execution process can be found in the description of the method section in the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] The computer-readable storage medium can be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, and optical data storage device. In an exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a computer program product including one or more instructions, which can be executed by the processor 401 of an electronic device to perform the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0111] It should be noted that when one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium or computer program product are executed by the processor of an electronic device, they implement the various processes of the above method embodiments and achieve the same technical effect as the above method. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0112] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0113] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another apparatus, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0114] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. A component shown as a unit can be one or more physical units; that is, it can be located in one place or distributed in multiple different locations. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0115] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0116] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, essentially, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0117] This application provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0118] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method in the method flow shown in the above method embodiments.

[0119] The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory, a read-only memory, an erasable programmable read-only memory, a register, a hard disk, an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof, or any other form of computer-readable storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can reside in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In embodiments of this application, the computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0120] Since the phosphating device for the vehicle body, the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program product in the embodiments of this application can be applied to the above method, the technical effects that can be obtained can also be referred to the above method embodiments. The embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0121] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for phosphating a car body, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body; The aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate in the phosphating tank were determined; wherein the vehicle body was placed in the phosphating tank. Based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution is determined. The bath solution is adjusted based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

2. The phosphating method for a car body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the aluminum anode dissolution rate in the phosphating tank includes: determining the aluminum anode dissolution rate based on the aluminum anode dissolution current density, aluminum anode dissolution transfer coefficient, aluminum overpotential, and temperature of the phosphating tank.

3. The phosphating method for a car body according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the fluoride ion consumption rate of the solution in the phosphating tank includes: Measure the change in fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution during the target time period; The fluoride ion consumption rate is determined based on the duration of the target time period and the change in fluoride ion concentration.

4. The phosphating method for a car body according to claim 1, characterized in that, The determination of the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate includes: Based on the fluoride ion consumption rate, the reaction order of fluoride ions in the tank solution is determined; Based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution is determined.

5. The phosphating method for a car body according to claim 4, characterized in that, The determination of the steady-state fluoride ion concentration in the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order includes: Based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, the reaction order, the Faraday constant, and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution is determined.

6. The phosphating method for a car body according to claim 5, characterized in that, The determination of the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, the reaction order, the Faraday constant, and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant includes: Determine the first product of the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio and the aluminum anode dissolution rate; Determine the second product of the Faraday constant and the fluoride ion consumption rate constant; Calculate the ratio of the first product to three times the second product; The steady-state fluoride ion concentration is determined by taking the ratio as the base and the reciprocal of the reaction order as the exponent.

7. A phosphating device for a car body, characterized in that, The device includes: The acquisition module is used to obtain the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio of the vehicle body; The first determining module is used to determine the aluminum anode dissolution rate and fluoride ion consumption rate of the solution in the phosphating tank; wherein the vehicle body is placed in the phosphating tank; The second determining module is used to determine the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution based on the planned aluminum-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the fluoride ion consumption rate. The control module is used to control the bath solution based on the steady-state fluoride ion concentration.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second determining module is specifically used for: Based on the fluoride ion consumption rate, the reaction order of aluminum in the bath solution is determined; Based on the planned aluminum-to-steel surface area ratio, the aluminum anode dissolution rate, and the reaction order, the steady-state fluoride ion concentration of the bath solution is determined.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a body body, which is phosphated using the phosphated method for a vehicle body as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the phosphating method for the vehicle body according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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