Ultrasonic osteotome and ultrasonic osteotome system

Abstract

The invention relates to an ultrasonic osteotome and an ultrasonic osteotome system. The ultrasonic osteotome comprises a knife rod and a knife head, and the knife rod is used for being detachably connected with a transducer and transmitting ultrasonic vibration generated by the transducer to the knife head; the cutter head comprises a connecting section and a cutting section, the connecting section is used for connecting the cutting section with the cutter bar, the cutting section is used for cutting bone tissue, at least part of the cross section, perpendicular to the axis of the cutter bar, of the cutting section is in a C shape, and the far end, in the axis direction of the cutter bar, of the cutting section is provided with a far end surface making contact with the bone tissue and a plurality of first cutting teeth; the cross section of the cutting section of the tool bit is designed to be C-shaped, namely, the tool bit is of a similar shovel-shaped structure, and the cutting teeth are arranged on the surface, making contact with tissue, of the front end of the tool bit, so that the tool bit at least can achieve cutting in the axis direction of the tool bar and in the axis direction of the tool bar; and the cut bone chips can be better removed from the cutting grooves, so that the tool bit has various bone cutting functions and bone tissue removing functions at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of surgical instruments, and in particular to an ultrasonic bone scalpel and ultrasonic bone scalpel system. Background Technology

[0002] An ultrasonic bone scalpel is a medical device that uses ultrasonic vibration to cut and grind bone tissue, offering advantages such as less bleeding, less trauma, and high safety. However, in open or endoscopic discectomy, existing ultrasonic bone scalpel technology has the following drawbacks: its structure is simple, and its operational functions are limited. Existing scalpel heads often only perform a single function during surgery, requiring the removal of cut bone tissue using other surgical equipment, making the process complex and redundant. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a structurally optimized ultrasonic bone scalpel to solve these technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application proposes an ultrasonic bone scalpel and an ultrasonic bone scalpel system to solve the problem of the limited functionality of existing ultrasonic bone scalpels in open or endoscopic discectomy.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application proposes an ultrasonic bone scalpel, which includes a shank and a head. The shank is used for detachably connecting to a transducer and for transmitting ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer to the head. The head includes a connecting section and a cutting section. The connecting section is used to connect the cutting section to the shank, and the cutting section is used to cut bone tissue. The cross-section of the cutting section perpendicular to the axis of the shank is at least partially C-shaped. The distal end of the cutting section along the axial direction of the shank has a distal surface that contacts bone tissue, and a first cutting tooth disposed on the distal surface.

[0005] In another embodiment, the cutting segment includes an inner wall, an outer wall, a distal surface connecting the inner wall and the outer wall, and a plurality of side surfaces, wherein a second cutting tooth is provided on the side surface, the second cutting tooth being used to cut bone tissue in the axial direction of the cutter bar when the cutter head is rotated about the axis of the cutter bar.

[0006] In another embodiment, the distal surface is perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder; the side surface is parallel to the axis of the tool holder.

[0007] In another embodiment, the centerline of the cutting segment does not coincide with the axis of the blade holder.

[0008] In another embodiment, the inner wall of the cutting segment is provided with internal cutting teeth.

[0009] In another embodiment, the internal cutting teeth are quadrangular pyramidal, wherein the plane formed by the two diagonal edges is parallel to the axis of the tool holder.

[0010] In another embodiment, the internal cutting teeth include a plurality of teeth, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder.

[0011] In another embodiment, the internal cutting teeth include a plurality of internal cutting teeth, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder and around the axial direction of the tool holder.

[0012] In another embodiment, the internal cutting teeth include a protrusion extending along the axial direction of the tool holder and a plurality of teeth disposed on the top of the protrusion.

[0013] In another embodiment, the ultrasonic bone scalpel also includes a through hole extending along the axis of the scalpel shaft through the scalpel shaft and the scalpel head.

[0014] In another embodiment, at least two wrench clamping portions are provided circumferentially at intervals on the proximal sidewall of the tool holder, and the two wrench clamping portions are arranged opposite to each other; wherein, the distance of the trigger clamping portions from the tool holder axis is different at at least two positions along the tool holder axis.

[0015] Secondly, this application proposes an ultrasonic bone scalpel system, which includes an ultrasonic host, a transducer, and an ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in any of the above. The ultrasonic host is electrically connected to the transducer and is used to provide electrical energy to the transducer. The transducer is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical vibration, and the ultrasonic bone scalpel is connected to the transducer.

[0016] The above solution designs the cutting section of the ultrasonic bone scalpel's tip with a C-shaped cross-section, i.e., the tip has a shovel-like structure, and the surface of the tip that contacts the tissue is equipped with cutting teeth. This allows the tip to cut along the axis of the shank and around the axis of the shank. The shovel-shaped structure also allows for better removal of the cut bone fragments from the cutting groove, enabling the tip to simultaneously perform multiple bone cutting functions and remove bone tissue. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ultrasonic bone scalpel according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the head structure of the ultrasonic bone scalpel.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the ultrasonic bone scalpel tip is shown.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3The image shows a side view of the tip of an ultrasonic bone scalpel.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A side view of one embodiment of the ultrasonic bone scalpel tip shown;

[0023] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A side view of another embodiment of the ultrasonic bone scalpel tip shown;

[0024] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 A side view of another embodiment of the ultrasonic bone scalpel tip shown;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation trajectory of the cutting segment when the center line of the cutting segment does not coincide with the axis of the tool holder in one embodiment;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure of an ultrasonic bone scalpel according to another embodiment;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extended ultrasonic bone scalpel according to another embodiment of this application;

[0028] Icon labels:

[0029] 100-tool holder, 110-first cylindrical section, 111-wrench clamping part, 120-second cylindrical section;

[0030] 200-cutter head, 210-cutting section, 211-body, 212-first cutting tooth, 213-second cutting tooth, 214-inner cutting tooth, 215-guide surface, 220-connecting section, 216-far end surface, 217-side surface, 218-inner wall, 219-outer wall;

[0031] 310 - First paragraph, 311 - Second paragraph, 312 - Third paragraph, 313 - Fourth paragraph, 314 - Fifth paragraph, 315 - Sixth paragraph, 316 - Seventh paragraph, 317 - Eighth paragraph, 318 - Ninth paragraph, 319 - Tenth paragraph;

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, the same parts are referred to by the same reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0036] In this specification, references to "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or simply "embodiment" mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, specific features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0037] To illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following description is provided in conjunction with specific accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] In a first aspect, this application proposes an ultrasonic bone scalpel, which includes a stalk 100 and a head 200. The stalk 100 is used for detachably connecting to a transducer and for transmitting ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer to the head 200. The head 200 includes a connecting section 220 and a cutting section 210. The connecting section 220 is used to connect the cutting section 210 to the stalk 100. The cutting section 210 is used to cut bone tissue. The cross section of the cutting section 210 perpendicular to the axis of the stalk 100 is at least partially C-shaped. The distal end of the cutting section 210 has a distal surface 216 in contact with bone tissue along the axial direction of the stalk 100, and a plurality of first cutting teeth 212 disposed on the distal surface 216.

[0039] The ultrasonic bone scalpel includes a scalpel 100 and a scalpel head 200. The scalpel 100 is composed of multiple cylindrical sections of different diameters and lengths connected sequentially. It is used to transmit the vibration of the transducer to the scalpel head 200 and to increase the amplitude of the vibration waveform output by the transducer during the transmission process, so that the scalpel head 200 has sufficient amplitude. In a specific embodiment, as shown... Figure 1As shown, the cutter head 200 includes a connecting section 220 and a cutting section 210. The connecting section 220 is used to connect the cutting section 210 to the cutter shank 100, as... Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the main body 211 of the cutting segment 210 has a shovel-like structure. The cross-section of the cutting segment 210 perpendicular to the axis of the blade shank 100 is a C-shaped arc structure, preferably a circular arc with the same radius. The cutting segment 210 includes an inner wall 218 and an outer wall 219, and a distal surface 216 located at the distal end of the cutting segment 210 connecting the inner wall 218 and the outer wall 219. The distal surface 216 is used to cut bone tissue by interacting with the bone tissue when the blade head 200 cuts bone tissue along the axis of the blade shank 100. To increase the cutting effect, the distal surface 216 is also provided with a first cutting tooth 212, which increases the ability to break up bone tissue. In another specific embodiment, as shown... Figure 9 As shown, the cross-section of the cutting segment 210 perpendicular to the axis of the blade shank 100 is an "I"-shaped structure. The "I" shape consists of two C-shaped arc-shaped parts and a connecting part connecting the two arc-shaped parts. The cutting segment 210 includes an inner wall 218 and an outer wall 219, as well as a distal surface 216 located at the distal end of the cutting segment 210 that connects the inner wall 218 and the outer wall 219. The distal surface 216 is used to cut bone tissue by interacting with bone tissue when the blade head 200 cuts bone tissue along the axis of the blade shank 100. In order to increase the cutting effect, the distal surface 216 is also provided with a first cutting tooth 212, which increases the ability to break up bone tissue.

[0040] Preferably, for ease of manufacturing, the cross-section of the cutting section 210 is designed as an arc shape to facilitate machining. The inner wall 218 and outer wall 219 of this arc shape are concentric arc surfaces, and the thickness between the inner wall 218 and outer wall 219 is between 0.5-1.5 mm, with the specific thickness selected appropriately based on the overall size of the cutter head 200. The central angle of the arc shape is greater than or equal to 60 degrees and less than or equal to 240 degrees; the length of the cutting section 210 along the axis of the cutter shank 100 is 5-15 mm, with the specific length selected appropriately as needed.

[0041] In another embodiment, the cutting segment 210 includes an inner wall 218, an outer wall 219, a distal surface 216 connecting the inner wall 218 and the outer wall 219, and a plurality of side surfaces 217, wherein a second cutting tooth 213 is provided on the side surface 217, the second cutting tooth 213 being used to cut bone tissue in the axial direction of the cutter head 200 when the cutter head 200 is rotated about the axis of the cutter head 100.

[0042] In the C-shaped cross-section of the cut segment 210, for example... Figure 2As shown, the cutting segment 210 includes a distal surface 216 and two opposing side surfaces 217 between its inner wall 218 and outer wall 219. The two side surfaces 217 are respectively connected to the two ends of the distal surface 216. Second cutting teeth 213 are provided on these two side surfaces 217 for cutting bone tissue around the axis of the cutter shank 100. In a cross-section of the cutting segment 210 that is generally I-shaped, as shown... Figure 8 As shown, the cutting segment 210 further includes a distal surface 216 and four side surfaces 217 between its inner wall 218 and outer wall 219. The four side surfaces 217 are connected to the distal surface 216, and each of the four side surfaces 217 is provided with a second cutting tooth 213 for cutting bone tissue around the axis of the shank 100. In one specific embodiment, the distal surface 216 is perpendicular to the axis of the shank 100, and the side surfaces 217 are parallel to the axis of the shank 100. Figure 2 As shown, the cutting section 210 has an arc-shaped structure, which includes a distal surface 216 perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder 100 and two side surfaces 217 parallel to the axis of the tool holder 100. The distal surface 216 is provided with a plurality of first cutting teeth 212, the tooth shape of which extends along the thickness direction of the cutting section 210, and the plurality of first cutting teeth 212 are arranged sequentially around the axis of the tool holder 100. The two side surfaces 217 are provided with a plurality of second cutting teeth 213, wherein the teeth of the second cutting teeth 213... The shape extends along the thickness direction of the cutting section 210, and multiple second cutting teeth 213 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder 100; in some other embodiments, the tooth shape of the first cutting tooth 212 can be an arc-shaped tooth extending around the axial direction of the tool holder 100, or it can be said that the distal surface 216 is designed as a V-shaped cutting edge structure to improve its cutting ability. Furthermore, the arc-shaped tooth can be divided into multiple segments to form a structure in which multiple small arc-shaped teeth are spaced apart around the axial direction of the tool holder 100, thereby further improving the bone-breaking ability. In another specific embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the cut segment 210 has only one distal surface 216 and no side surface 217, meaning that the inner wall 218 and the outer surface are connected by a single surface. This distal surface 216 can be as follows: Figure 3 The curved surface in the middle can also be a plane, which is set at an angle to the axis of the tool holder 100. That is, the distal surface 216 is an inclined plane at an angle to the axial direction of the tool holder 100. This setting makes the distal end of the cutting segment 210 form a sharp point, which is beneficial for the cutting segment 210 to cut along the axial direction of the tool holder 100. At the same time, the inclined structure can also realize the rotary cutting of the cutting segment 210 around the axial direction of the tool holder 100. Similarly, in order to improve the cutting effect, a first cutting tooth 212 is provided on the distal surface 216.

[0043] like Figures 2 to 7As shown, the proximal end of the cutting section 210 has a guide surface 215, which is either flat or curved. The guide surface 215 gives the proximal end of the cutting section 210 an inclined surface, forming a V-shaped horn-like structure. The function of the guide surface 215 is to reduce the frontal collision by guiding the water in the working environment of the cutter head 200, which may generate noise due to the high-frequency vibration of the cutter head 200 interacting with the water. Because the guide surface 215 is designed to be inclined, when the water inside the cutting section 210 collides with the guide surface 215 at the proximal end of the cutting section 210, it will generate a force that pushes the cutting section 210 outward, thus guiding the water and reducing the frontal collision.

[0044] In another embodiment, the center of mass of the blade tip 200 is located on the axis of the blade shank 100. The connecting segment 220 of the blade tip 200 is a cylindrical structure, and the axis of this cylinder coincides with the axis of the blade shank 100. Therefore, the center of mass of the blade tip 200 is located on the axis of the blade shank 100, specifically on the extended line of the axis of the blade shank 100. This is mainly because the center of mass of the cutting segment 210 needs to be located on the extended line of the axis of the blade shank 100. This arrangement ensures that the center of mass of the ultrasonic bone scalpel is basically located on the axis of the blade shank 100, thereby reducing the problem of increased lateral amplitude caused by the center of mass deviating from the axis of the blade shank 100 during operation. In some specific embodiments, when the cross-section of the cutting segment 210 perpendicular to the axis of the blade shank 100 is arc-shaped, such as... Figures 4 to 7 As shown, since the center of mass of the cutting segment 210 is located near the axis A of the tool holder 100, the stability of the resonant operation of the cutting head 200 can be guaranteed. However, because the structure of the cutting segment 210 is not perfectly symmetrical about its arc-shaped centerline, in order to adjust the position of the center of mass of the cutting segment 210 relative to the axis of the tool holder 100 and to ensure that the vibration performance of the cutting segment 210 meets the design requirements, the centerline B of the cutting segment 210 generally does not coincide with the axis A of the tool holder 100. Furthermore, in some embodiments, while ensuring that the position of the center of mass of the cutting segment 210 meets the design requirements for vibration performance, the centerline B of the cutting segment 210 is offset from the axis A of the tool holder 100, so that when the tool holder 100 is rotated to cut bone tissue, the actual area cut by the cutting segment 210 is as follows... Figure 8 The annular region between a1 and a2 is cut with a circular aperture of a2, and the uncut area is the circular range of a1. However, if the center line B of the cutting segment 210 coincides with the axis A of the tool holder 100, then the area actually cut by the cutting segment 210 is only as shown in the diagram. Figure 8 A very narrow region with a thickness of 210 is cut off on the circle containing b. The diameter of the cut hole is basically the circular diameter of b, while the uncut area is most of the area within the circle of b. For example... Figure 8As shown, it is clear that circle a2 is larger than circle b, and that the same cutting segment 210 can cut a larger hole diameter when they do not overlap. Furthermore, the actual cutting area for the hole diameter portion is much larger than the cutting area when they overlap. Therefore, a larger chip diameter and better cutting effect can be obtained with the same cutting segment 210 through a non-overlapping design. Further, for the sake of design and manufacturing simplification, the center line of the arc is parallel to the axis of the tool holder 100.

[0045] In another embodiment, the inner wall 218 of the cutting segment 210 is provided with internal cutting teeth 214.

[0046] The cutting segment 210 has a C-shaped arc structure, which can perform forward cutting along the axis of the tool holder 100 and rotational cutting around the axis of the tool holder 100. However, if this arc structure alone is used, the cut material will be a cylindrical bone tissue, which is not easy to remove from the cutting area. Therefore, in order to further break down the cut cylindrical bone tissue and make it easier to remove, internal cutting teeth 214 are provided on the inner wall 218 of the cutting segment 210. The internal cutting teeth 214 can break down the bone tissue on the inner side of the cutting segment 210 during forward cutting and rotational cutting, so that the bone tissue on the inner side of the cutting segment 210 is broken into bone fragments. The shovel-shaped structure of the cutting segment 210 can then be used to remove the bone fragments from the pits or holes formed by cutting.

[0047] In another embodiment, the internal cutting tooth 214 is a quadrangular pyramid, wherein the plane formed by the two diagonal edges is parallel to the axis of the tool holder 100.

[0048] The internal cutting tooth 214 is shaped like a square pyramid. To minimize the impact of the internal cutting tooth 214 on the forward and rotary cutting of the cutting segment 210, the plane formed by the two opposite diagonal edges of the pyramid is designed to be parallel to the axis of the tool holder 100. This allows the two diagonal edges of the pyramid to better break the bone tissue inside the cutting segment 210 along the axis of the tool holder 100 during forward cutting, while the other two diagonal edges of the pyramid are used to better break the bone tissue inside the cutting segment 210 around the axis of the tool holder 100 during rotary cutting. In other embodiments, the internal cutting tooth 214 can also be a conical structure, a triangular prism structure, or, as... Figure 2 As shown, the internal cutting tooth 214 consists of a protrusion extending along the axis of the tool holder 100 on the inner wall 218 and multiple teeth on the top of the protrusion along the extension direction of the protrusion. In addition, the tooth height of the internal cutting tooth 214 cannot be too small, otherwise its cutting effect on the inner bone tissue will be weakened. The maximum tooth height shall not exceed the distance from the tooth root position to the axis of the tool holder 100.

[0049] In another embodiment, the internal cutting teeth 214 include a plurality of internal cutting teeth 214 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder 100.

[0050] The internal cutting teeth 214 include multiple internal cutting teeth 214 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder 100. This sequential arrangement can be that the multiple internal cutting teeth 214 are arranged at equal intervals or arranged in sequence. Furthermore, the multiple internal cutting teeth 214 arranged along the axial direction of the tool holder 100 are located at the middle position on the inner wall 218 around the axial direction of the tool holder 100.

[0051] In another embodiment, the internal cutting teeth 214 include a plurality of internal cutting teeth, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder 100 and around the axial direction of the tool holder 100.

[0052] Among them, such as Figure 3 As shown, the internal cutting teeth 214 include multiple internal cutting teeth 214, which are arranged at equal intervals or sequentially connected around the axial direction of the tool holder 100 and along the axial direction of the tool holder 100. That is, the multiple internal cutting teeth 214 are not simply arranged in a straight line along the axial direction of the tool holder 100. This arrangement allows the internal cutting teeth 214 to cut and break the inner bone tissue with a larger angle range when the cutting segment 210 cuts forward, and at the same time, it does not affect the rotational cutting of the inner bone tissue when the cutting segment 210 rotates. In another specific embodiment, the internal cutting teeth 214 include multiple internal cutting teeth 214, and the multiple internal cutting tooth arrays 214 are distributed on the inner wall 218.

[0053] In another embodiment, the ultrasonic bone scalpel also includes a through hole extending along the axis of the scalpel 100 through the scalpel 100 and the scalpel head 200.

[0054] The ultrasonic bone scalpel extends along the axis of the scalpel 100 from the proximal end to the distal end into the through hole of the scalpel head 200. This through hole is the central hole of the ultrasonic bone scalpel and serves as a channel for suction. It is mainly used when the scalpel head 200 is working in an aquatic environment to achieve suction, so as to remove bone fragments and air bubbles generated at the location of the scalpel head 200 through the through hole, thereby improving the clarity of the field of view near the scalpel head 200 and enabling better cutting operations.

[0055] In another embodiment, at least two wrench clamping portions 111 are provided circumferentially at intervals on the proximal sidewall of the tool bar 100, and the two trigger clamping portions are arranged opposite to each other; wherein, the trigger clamping portions are at least two positions along the axial direction of the tool bar 100 at different distances from the axis of the tool bar 100.

[0056] The tool holder 100 has a threaded hole on its proximal end face for threaded connection with the transducer. Because high-frequency vibration needs to be transmitted between the tool holder 100 and the transducer, the threaded connection between the tool holder 100 and the transducer requires a certain tightening force to ensure stability during operation. To better apply the rated preload when connecting the tool holder 100 and the transducer, a torque wrench is used for preload application. For clamping the torque wrench, as... Figure 1 As shown, a wrench clamping part 111 is provided on the proximal side wall of the tool holder 100. The wrench clamping part 111 is a planar structure cut out on the proximal side of the tool holder 100. There are at least two wrench clamping parts 111, and there can be an even number such as 2, 4, or 6. The multiple wrench clamping parts 111 are distributed at equal intervals around the axis of the tool holder 100 at 360 degrees. The wrench clamping parts 111 opposite each other are parallel or at an angle to each other. For example, when there are two wrench clamping parts 111, the two wrench clamping parts 111 are arranged opposite each other circumferentially around the tool holder 100, that is, the two wrench clamping parts are arranged opposite each other. Part 111 is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the tool holder 100, and the two wrench clamping parts 111 are parallel to each other, that is, the trigger clamping part is parallel to the axis of the tool holder 100, or they are arranged at an angle, that is, the trigger clamping part intersects the axis of the tool holder 100. The angled wrench clamping part 111 restricts the engagement direction between the wrench and the wrench clamping part 111, i.e., it has a foolproof function, ensuring that the wrench clamps the tool holder 100 in the same direction each time, thereby ensuring that the direction of the applied preload is always the same, providing better usability and avoiding different operating methods from different users. When the two opposing wrench clamping parts 111 are arranged parallel to each other, to increase the foolproof function, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the wrench clamping part 111 includes a first clamping plane and a second clamping plane. The two clamping planes are parallel to each other and do not overlap to form a stepped structure. For example, the distance from the plane near the proximal end to the axis of the tool holder 100 is greater than the distance from the plane near the distal end to the axis of the tool holder 100. Therefore, when the wrench clamping part 111 has a foolproof function, that is, the distance from the wrench clamping part to the axis of the tool holder 100 is different at at least two positions along the axis of the tool holder 100.

[0057] The blade shank 100 efficiently transmits the vibration of the transducer to the blade head 200. The length, material, and shape of the blade shank 100 are generally used to adjust the energy distribution. A reasonable energy distribution can ensure the efficiency, accuracy, and effectiveness of cutting during surgery.

[0058] In one specific embodiment, taking a host operating frequency of 25-26KHz as an example, when the ultrasonic bone scalpel is used in open surgery, the overall length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel should not be less than 120mm. In one embodiment of this application, the overall length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel is 120mm, and the scalpel shaft 100 is made of high-strength, biocompatible titanium alloy material, possessing high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance; simultaneously, as... Figure 1 As shown, the tool holder 100 includes a first cylindrical section 110 and a second cylindrical section 120 connected in sequence; the diameter of the tool holder 100 decreases gradually from the proximal end to the distal end. A wrench clamping part 111 is provided on the proximal sidewall of the first cylindrical section 110, and one end of the first cylindrical section 110 is threadedly connected to the output end of the transducer. Therefore, the diameter of the first cylindrical section 110 should not be greater than the diameter of the transducer output end. In this embodiment, the diameter of the transducer output end is 8mm, therefore the diameter of the first cylindrical section 110 is 8mm; in addition, its length is set to 57mm, thereby ensuring that the frequency of the entire tool holder 100 is maintained around 25.5Hz.

[0059] The second cylindrical segment 120 serves as an amplitude-changing structure to ensure that the amplitude at the cutting section 210 of the cutter head 200 reaches the target value. In this embodiment, the second cylindrical segment 120 includes an arc transition section and a cylindrical segment. The diameter of the cylindrical segment is set to 4.7 mm, and the arc transition section transitions from a diameter of 8 mm to a diameter of 4.7 mm. The total length of the second cylindrical segment 120 is 24 mm. The amplitude change is mainly achieved by the arc transition section, and the length of the arc transition section is related to the amplitude change. Therefore, the length of the arc transition section is determined according to the required amplitude change. In some other embodiments, the diameter and length of the second cylindrical segment 120 can be adaptively adjusted to achieve different amplitude target values.

[0060] The connecting segment 220, which connects the cutting segment 210 and the blade holder 100, has a diameter of 2.4 mm and a length of 29 mm. The smaller diameter ensures a smaller mass and allows for adjustment of the vibration mode and improvement of the tip amplitude.

[0061] In another specific embodiment, taking a host operating frequency of 25-26KHz as an example, the ultrasonic bone scalpel is used in minimally invasive surgery. Since the surgical sites in minimally invasive surgery are generally deeper, the length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel used in open surgery is insufficient to meet the needs of minimally invasive surgery. Therefore, to adapt to the scenario of minimally invasive surgery, the ultrasonic bone scalpel needs to be lengthened, and the lengthened ultrasonic bone scalpel generally involves lengthening the 100mm portion of the scalpel shaft. For example... Figure 10As shown, the ultrasonic bone scalpel handle 100 in this embodiment includes a first segment 310, a second segment 311, a third segment 312, a fourth segment 313, a fifth segment 314, a sixth segment 315, a seventh segment 316, an eighth segment 317, a ninth segment 318, and a tenth segment 319 connected sequentially from the proximal end to the distal end. The overall length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel composed of this extended handle 100 is, for example, that of an ultrasonic bone scalpel used in percutaneous endoscopic discectomy (PED). Because the length of the endoscope tube is 251 mm, and because the Unintech Plus endoscope has an inner diameter of 4.7 mm, the tip of the blade 200 needs to protrude 4 cm (due to the limited field of view of the endoscope), the total length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel cannot be less than 291 mm. Since the cutting effect of the ultrasonic bone scalpel cutting segment 210 is best when the overall length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel is an integer multiple of half the wavelength, the length range of the ultrasonic bone scalpel is 320 mm to 380 mm. In this embodiment, the length of the ultrasonic bone scalpel is set to 373 mm. The first segment 310 has a wrench clamping part 111 on its proximal sidewall. One end of the first cylindrical segment 110 is threaded to the output end of the transducer. Therefore, the diameter of the first cylindrical segment 110 should not be greater than the diameter of the output end of the transducer. In this embodiment, the diameter of the transducer connection end connected to the ultrasonic bone scalpel is 8mm, that is, the diameter of the first segment 310 is also 8mm. The second, fifth, seventh and ninth segments are bamboo joints with diameters of 6.1mm, 3.5mm, 3.6mm and 3.3mm respectively. The transition fillets at the proximal ends of the four bamboo joints are all located at the nodal points. The purpose is to amplify the amplitude so that the cutting segment 210 can obtain a larger amplitude to meet the cutting requirements. The diameters of the third, fourth, sixth, eighth and tenth segments are 7.6mm, 4.2mm, 4.2mm, 4.2mm and 3.8mm respectively. The purpose is to adjust the resonant frequency and longitudinal vibration mode so that the resonant frequency of the longitudinal vibration is around 25.5kHz. Since the section from the fourth segment 313 to the cutter head 200 passes through the endoscope tube, the diameter of the cutter shank 100 and the diameter of the cutter head 200 in this section are not greater than the inner diameter of the endoscope tube. In this embodiment, since the diameter of the endoscope tube is 4.7 mm and the length is 251 mm, the diameter of the section from the fourth segment 313 to the cutter head 200 does not exceed 4.7 mm, and the total length of the section from the fourth segment 313 to the cutter head 200 should be greater than 291 mm.

[0062] Secondly, this application proposes an ultrasonic bone scalpel system, the system including an ultrasonic host, a transducer and an ultrasonic bone scalpel as described above, the ultrasonic host being electrically connected to the transducer for providing electrical energy to the transducer, the transducer being used to convert electrical energy into mechanical vibration, and the ultrasonic bone scalpel being connected to the transducer.

[0063] The ultrasound unit is the power source for the entire system. It is electrically connected to the transducer via cables, providing the transducer with electrical energy at a specific frequency and power. The ultrasound unit contains internal control circuitry that can adjust the output power and frequency to suit different surgical needs. The ultrasound unit is also equipped with a display screen and a control panel. The operator can set and adjust system operating parameters through the control panel, while the display screen shows real-time information such as system operating status, power level, and operating time.

[0064] The transducer is the core component of the system. It contains a piezoelectric ceramic plate that vibrates at high frequency when it receives electrical energy from the ultrasound host, converting the electrical energy into mechanical vibration energy. One end of the transducer is electrically connected to the ultrasound host, while the other end has a connection interface for detachable connection to the ultrasonic bone scalpel's handle 100. The transducer housing is ergonomically designed for easy handling by doctors during extended periods, reducing surgical fatigue.

[0065] In use, the operator first connects the ultrasonic bone scalpel's handle 100 to the transducer, then starts the ultrasonic unit and sets the appropriate power and frequency. The electrical energy generated by the ultrasonic unit is transmitted to the transducer, which converts the electrical energy into mechanical vibration. This mechanical vibration is transmitted to the blade head 200 through the handle 100. The operator holds the transducer and brings the ultrasonic bone scalpel's blade head 200 into contact with the bone tissue to be cut or ground. Under the action of ultrasonic vibration, the cutting teeth and grinding parts of the blade head 200 efficiently cut and grind the bone tissue.

[0066] This ultrasonic bone scalpel system achieves precise cutting and grinding of bone tissue through the coordinated work of the ultrasonic main unit, transducer, and ultrasonic bone scalpel. It has the advantages of high cutting accuracy, low thermal damage, less bleeding, and short operation time, and is suitable for various orthopedic surgical procedures.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or combine the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Such modifications, combinations or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic bone scalpel, characterized in that, The ultrasonic bone scalpel includes a shank (100) and a blade head (200). The shank (100) is detachably connected to a transducer and transmits ultrasonic vibrations generated by the transducer to the blade head (200). The blade head (200) includes a connecting section (220) and a cutting section (210). The connecting section (220) is used to connect the cutting section (210) to the shank (100). The cutting section (210) is used to cut bone tissue. The cross-section of the cutting section (210) perpendicular to the axis of the shank (100) is at least partially C-shaped. The distal end of the cutting section (210) along the axial direction of the shank (100) has a distal surface (216) that contacts bone tissue, and a first cutting tooth (212) disposed on the distal surface (216).

2. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting segment (210) includes an inner wall (218), an outer wall (219), and a distal surface (216) and a plurality of side surfaces (217) connecting the inner wall (218) and the outer wall (219), wherein a second cutting tooth (213) is provided on the side surface (217), the second cutting tooth (213) being used to cut bone tissue in the axial direction of the cutter head (200) when the cutter head (200) is rotated about the axis of the cutter head (100).

3. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The distal surface (216) is perpendicular to the axis of the tool holder (100); the side surface (217) is parallel to the axis of the tool holder (100).

4. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The centerline of the cutting section (210) does not coincide with the axis of the blade (100).

5. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The inner wall (218) of the cutting section (210) is provided with internal cutting teeth (214).

6. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The internal cutting teeth (214) include a plurality of teeth, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder (100).

7. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The internal cutting teeth (214) include a plurality of teeth, which are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the tool holder (100) and around the axial direction of the tool holder (100).

8. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The internal cutting tooth (214) includes a protrusion extending along the axial direction of the tool holder (100) and a plurality of teeth disposed on the top of the protrusion.

9. The ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The ultrasonic bone scalpel also includes a through hole that extends along the axis of the scalpel shaft (100) and passes through the scalpel shaft (100) and the scalpel head (200).

10. An ultrasonic bone scalpel system, characterized in that, The system includes an ultrasonic host, a transducer, and an ultrasonic bone scalpel as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. The ultrasonic host is electrically connected to the transducer and is used to provide electrical energy to the transducer. The transducer is used to convert the electrical energy into mechanical vibration. The ultrasonic bone scalpel is connected to the transducer.

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