Biomass charcoal processing granulator

Abstract

The invention discloses a biomass charcoal processing pelletizer, and relates to the technical field of pelletizers, the biomass charcoal processing pelletizer comprises a driving assembly and a pelletizing chamber, a circular mold is fixedly connected in the pelletizing chamber, the output end of the driving assembly is an output shaft extending into the pelletizing chamber, during pelletizing operation, two compression rollers revolve around the axis of the circular mold along with rotation of the output shaft, and meanwhile, the two compression rollers rotate around the axis of the circular mold along with rotation of the output shaft. Under the action of the rotating assembly, in the process, the pressing roller automatically rolls to bite materials into an extrusion area, further, force applied to the materials by rolling of the pressing roller is perpendicular to the tangential direction of the outer contour of the pressing roller, and the included angle between the pressure direction and the axis direction of a discharging die hole of the circular die is extremely small, so that the working efficiency is high; active rotation of the compression roller replaces passive rotation, passive rotation promoted by friction between the compression roller and the circular mold and materials is avoided, accumulated heat in the granulation chamber is reduced, energy is saved, meanwhile, abrasion of the materials to the compression roller and the circular mold is relieved through active rotation compared with passive rotation, and the equipment maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of granulator, in particular to a biomass charcoal processing granulator. BACKGROUND

[0002] Biomass particles are renewable energy made of agricultural and forestry waste through cold densification processing, with high combustion efficiency and zero environmental protection characteristics of sulfur and phosphorus emissions. The raw materials include straw, forestry residues, etc., with a heat value range of 3900-4800 kilocalories / kg, suitable for industrial boilers, domestic heating and power generation fields.

[0003] The existing biomass particle preparation mostly uses a vertical ring die granulator. In the operation process of the ring die granulator, a plurality of (mostly two) compression rollers are driven to rotate around a common axis by a power source, the material is extruded through the holes on the ring die by rolling, and then the long strip-shaped material extruded from the die hole is cut off by a clamping plate to form a finished product.

[0004] As disclosed in the ring die for a granulator and the granulator with publication number CN216093543U, the ring die for the granulator comprises: a ring die body, one end of which is a connecting end; the outer wall of the connecting end is sequentially provided with a ring die positioning section and a ring die fitting section along the end face inward; wherein the ring die body extends into the installation position through the ring die positioning section, and the ring die fitting section is fitted with the installation position. The ring die for the granulator limits the position of the ring die body by setting the ring die positioning section, and improves the concentricity between the ring die body and the installation position by setting the ring die fitting section.

[0005] In the granulation process, different materials have different densities, which will cause different pressures on the ring die and the compression roller, and then the gap between the compression roller and the ring die needs to be adjusted slightly to adapt to different material densities. Therefore, the existing technology is designed as an eccentric roller thread distance adjustment mode. In this operation mode, the compression roller rotates around the axis of the driving shaft and pushes the material to be extruded and formed.

[0006] In the existing technology such as the above, the granulator needs to adjust the distance between the compression roller and the ring die slightly. In the existing eccentric design, the compression roller rotates passively, and there is inevitable sliding friction between the working surface of the compression roller and the material / ring die. This part of friction consumes a lot of energy (converted into heat), which is one of the important sources of equipment energy consumption, and also aggravates the wear of the compression roller and the ring die. The wear of the ring die and the compression roller increases the maintenance cost of the equipment, therefore, the above problems need to be solved. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a biomass charcoal processing granulator to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a biomass charcoal processing granulator, comprising a driving assembly and a granulating chamber, a ring die is fixedly connected in the granulating chamber, the output end of the driving assembly is an output shaft extending into the granulating chamber, further comprising a connecting plate, a distance adjusting assembly and a rotating assembly, the connecting plate is fixedly connected on the output shaft in a central symmetry manner, the distance adjusting assembly is arranged at the two ends of the connecting plate and is used for adjusting the distance between the two pressure rollers and the inner wall of the ring die, and the rotating assembly is used for driving each pressure roller to rotate around its own axis center when the driving assembly drives the pressure rollers to revolve around the axis center of the ring die, so that the forming mode of the material is changed from the push extrusion discharge relying on sliding friction to the feeding and calendering discharge relying on rolling friction.

[0009] Further, the rotating assembly comprises a driving part fixedly connected on the ring die and a driven part installed on the connecting plate, which is in close contact with the inner wall of the driving part and has no relative motion transmission when the pressure roller revolves around the axis center of the ring die.

[0010] Further, the driven part has a through hole in the center, a plurality of inner rods are arranged in the circumferential direction of the axis hole on the through hole, a connecting part is fixed on the top of the pressure roller, a plurality of outer rods equal in number to the inner rods are arranged in the circumferential direction of the axis hole on the connecting part, and the driven part is sleeved on the connecting part.

[0011] Further, the driven part is rotatably installed on the connecting plate.

[0012] Further, the distance adjusting assembly comprises two supporting rods horizontally slidably installed at the two ends of the connecting rod, the pressure roller is rotatably connected on the supporting rod, and the two ends of the two supporting rods close to each other are provided with a synchronous motion assembly.

[0013] Further, the synchronous motion assembly comprises a connecting rod, a rotating rod and a first gear, the connecting rod is fixedly connected on one supporting rod, the rotating rod is fixedly connected on the output shaft, the rotating rod is slidably connected with the two connecting rods, and the first gear is coaxially fixedly connected on the output shaft.

[0014] Further, the distance adjusting assembly comprises a second gear meshing with the first gear and a bolt coaxially fixedly connected with the second gear, and the bolt is threadedly installed on the connecting plate.

[0015] Further, the driving part comprises an internal gear, the driven part comprises a planetary gear, and the planetary gear is rotatably connected on the connecting plate.

[0016] Further, a cutter equal in number to the pressure rollers is arranged in the granulating chamber, the sharp part of the cutter is opposite to the discharge hole of the ring die, and the cutter is close to but not in close contact with the outer surface of the ring die.

[0017] Further, each said cutter is horizontally slidingly connected to a connecting column fixedly connected to the output shaft, and an elastic member is further arranged between the cutter and the connecting column, a rotating wheel made of rubber is rotatably connected to one side of the cutter close to the ring die, the elastic member pushes the cutter to make the rotating wheel adhere to the ring die, and a filter plate is detachably installed on the connecting column, and the filter plate is arranged obliquely.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the biomass charcoal processing granulator provided by the application has the advantages that during the granulation operation, the two compression rollers revolve around the ring die axis center along with the rotation of the output shaft, and under the action of the rotating assembly, the compression rollers rotate along their own axis center, in this process, the compression rollers actively roll to "bite" the material into the extrusion area, further, the force exerted on the material by the self-rolling of the compression rollers is perpendicular to the tangent direction of the outer contour of the compression rollers, and the angle between this pressure direction and the axis center direction of the discharge die hole of the ring die is very small, so the working efficiency is high, and the active rotation of the compression rollers instead of passive rotation avoids the friction between the ring die and the material to promote passive rotation, reduces the heat accumulation in the granulation chamber, saves energy, and at the same time, since the passive rotation depends on the friction force exerted on the compression rollers by the material and the ring die to cause the rotation, the active rotation slows down the abrasion of the compression rollers and the ring die by the material, and reduces the equipment maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art according to these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the friction wheel and the friction disc cooperation relationship of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the planetary gear and the internal gear cooperation relationship of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating rod and the connecting rod cooperation relationship of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first gear and the rack cooperation relationship of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the position relationship of the bolt and the second gear of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coaxial state of the connecting part and the driven part of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the non-coaxial state of the connecting part and the driven part of the application;

[0028] Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the cutter of the application;

[0029] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the position relationship between the rotating wheel and the cutter of the application.

[0030] Explanation of reference signs:

[0031] 1, drive motor; 11, gearbox; 12, granulating chamber; 13, ring die; 14, output shaft; 2, connecting plate; 21, compression roller; 22, connecting part; 23, outer rod; 3, distance adjusting assembly; 31, second gear; 32, bolt; 33, support rod; 4, rotating assembly; 41, driving part; 411, inner gear; 412, friction disc; 42, driven part; 421, planetary gear; 422, friction wheel; 43, inner rod; 5, cutter; 51, connecting column; 52, spring; 53, rotating wheel; 54, filter plate; 6, synchronous motion assembly; 611, rack; 612, first gear; 621, connecting rod; 622, rotating rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of the application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-10 The biomass charcoal processing granulator provided by the embodiment of the application comprises a drive motor 1, a gearbox 11 and a granulating chamber 12 arranged on the gearbox 11. The output shaft 14 of the drive motor 1 extends into the granulating chamber 12 after speed adjustment through the gearbox 11 and is coaxial with the ring die 13 fixedly connected in the granulating chamber 12. The output shaft 14 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 2, and the connecting plate 2 is symmetric about the center of the axis of the output shaft 14. The distance adjusting assembly 3 is symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the connecting plate 2. The distance adjusting assembly 3 comprises a support rod 33, and the support rod 33 is rotatably connected with the compression roller 21. The rotating assembly 4 is arranged at the top of the compression roller 21. When the output shaft 14 drives the compression roller 21 to revolve around the center of the ring die 13, each compression roller 21 is driven to rotate around its own center.

[0034] In the above technical solution, during the granulation operation, the two compression rollers 21 revolve around the axis of the ring die 13 with the rotation of the output shaft 14, and at the same time, under the action of the rotating assembly 4, the compression rollers 21 rotate around their own axes, and the forming mode of the material changes from the push extrusion discharge relying on sliding friction to the feeding and calendering discharge relying on rolling friction. During this process, the compression rollers 21 "bite" the material into the extrusion zone by means of their own rolling and the groove features of their own side walls. Further, the force exerted on the material by the rolling of the compression rollers 21 is perpendicular to the tangent direction of the outer contour of the compression rollers 21, and the angle between this pressure direction and the axis direction of the discharge die hole of the ring die 13 is very small, so the working efficiency is high. Compared with the push discharge in the prior art, the pushing force is along the tangent direction of the outer contour of the compression rollers 21, and the angle between this pushing force direction and the direction of the discharge die hole of the ring die 13 is larger, so the working efficiency is very low.

[0035] On the other hand, in the prior art, the push extrusion discharge utilizes the sliding friction between the material and the compression rollers 21 and the sliding friction between the material and the ring die 13 to generate a large amount of heat energy under the action of sliding friction, which causes waste of energy. Moreover, under long-term operation, the sliding friction will exacerbate the wear of the ring die 13 and the compression rollers 21, thereby increasing the maintenance cost of the equipment. In the present solution, the rolling friction drives the sliding friction, reduces the heat accumulation in the granulation chamber 12, saves energy, and at the same time, slows down the wear of the material on the compression rollers 21 and the ring die 13, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0036] It is worth mentioning that by operating the distance adjusting assembly 3, the distance between the side surface of the compression roller 21 and the inner surface of the ring die 13 can still be adjusted.

[0037] The rotating assembly 4 includes a driving part 41 and a driven part 42. The driving part 41 is annular, and the driving part 41 is fixedly connected to the ring die 13. The driven part 42 is rotatably connected to the two ends of the connecting plate 2, and the side surface of the driven part 42 is attached to the inner surface of the driving part 41. In the present embodiment, the driving part 41 is selected as an internal gear 411, and the driven part 42 is selected as a planetary gear 421. A hole is formed in the middle of the planetary gear 421, and an inner rod 43 is fixedly arranged in the hole along the axis of the hole. A connecting part 22 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the top of the compression roller 21, and an outer rod 23 is circumferentially arranged on the outer surface of the connecting part 22 along the axis of the connecting part 22. The planetary gear 421 is sleeved on the connecting part 22, the number of the inner rods 43 is equal to the number of the outer rods 23, and the inner rods 43 and the outer rods 23 are staggered arranged. The outermost ends of any two outer rods 23 cannot simultaneously abut against the side surface of the hole of the planetary gear 421, and the ends of any two inner rods 43 cannot simultaneously abut against the side surface of the connecting part 22. There is one outer rod 23 between the two adjacent inner rods 43, and there is a gap between the two adjacent inner rods 43.

[0038] When the driving motor 1 works to drive the connecting plate 2 to rotate, and drive the two planetary gears 421 to revolve along the axis of the output shaft 14, the planetary gears 421 are driven to rotate along their own axes under the action of the internal gear 411, and then the planetary gears 421 drive the connecting part 22 to rotate through the abutting of the inner rods 43 and the outer rods 23, the connecting part 22 drives the compression roller 21 to rotate, and then the rolling extrusion discharging is realized.

[0039] When it is needed to adjust the distance between the compression roller 21 and the ring die 13, the distance adjusting assembly 3 is adjusted, and the connecting part 22 moves towards the center of the ring die 13 or away from the center of the ring die 13, when the connecting part 22 moves, the connecting part 22 is no longer coaxial with the planetary gears 421 (as shown in the figure), compared with the default setting (when the connecting part 22 is coaxial with the planetary gears 421), the adjacent outer rods 23 and inner rods 43 abut at the same time, and thus it is not difficult to conclude that at least two groups of adjacent outer rods 23 and inner rods 43 will abut during work, and then, according to the planetary gear train principle, the connecting part 22 is no longer coaxial with the planetary gears 421, and the rotation of the planetary gears 421 will still drive the rotation of the connecting part 22.

[0040] In another embodiment, the driving part 41 can be selected as a friction disc 412, the friction disc 412 is annular, and the inner wall thereof is a friction surface, the driven part 42 is selected as a friction wheel 422, the side surface of the friction wheel 422 abuts against the annular inner wall of the friction wheel 422, and of course, the driving part 41 and the driven part 42 can be replaced by other combinations capable of realizing rotation transmission, such as a chain wheel and a chain.

[0041] The distance adjusting assembly 3 comprises a supporting rod 33 and a synchronous motion assembly 6, the supporting rod 33 is symmetrical and horizontally slidably connected to the connecting plate 2, and the two compression rollers 21 are respectively rotatably connected to the two supporting rods 33, in this embodiment, the synchronous motion assembly 6 comprises a rack 611, a first gear 612, a second gear 31 and a bolt 32, the rack 611 is fixedly connected to one supporting rod 33, the first gear 612 is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft 14, the two racks 611 are engaged with the first gear 612, the bolt 32 is threadedly installed on the connecting plate 2, the second gear 31 is coaxially fixedly connected to the bottom of the bolt 32, and the second gear 31 is engaged with the first gear 612, when it is needed to adjust the gap between the compression roller 21 and the inner wall of the ring die 13, the bolt 32 is rotated, the rotation of the bolt 32 drives the rotation of the second gear 31, the rotation of the second gear 31 drives the movement of the two racks 611, the two racks 611 drive the two supporting rods 33 to slide along the installation direction of the supporting rods 33, and drive the compression roller 21 to move, and then the distance adjustment between the compression roller 21 and the inner wall of the ring die 13 is realized.

[0042] In another embodiment, the synchronous movement assembly 6 comprises two connecting rods 621, a rotating rod 622, a first gear 612, a second gear 31 and a bolt 32, the two connecting rods 621 are fixedly connected with the two supporting rods 33 respectively, the rotating rod 622 is fixedly connected with the output shaft 14, the rotating rod 622 is slidingly connected with the two connecting rods 621 horizontally, the first gear 612 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft 14, the bolt 32 is threadedly installed on the connecting plate 2, the second gear 31 is coaxially fixed on the bottom of the bolt 32 and fixedly connected with the rotating rod 622, the second gear 31 is engaged with the first gear 612, when it is necessary to adjust the gap between the compression roller 21 and the inner wall of the ring die 13, the bolt 32 is rotated, the bolt 32 drives the second gear 31 to rotate, the second gear 31 drives the rotating rod 622 to rotate, since the rotating rod 622 is slidingly connected with the two connecting rods 621, the two connecting rods 621 drive the two supporting rods 33 fixedly connected therewith to slide along the installation direction of the two supporting rods 33, and drive the compression roller 21 to move, thereby achieving the distance adjustment between the compression roller 21 and the inner wall of the ring die 13.

[0043] It is worth mentioning that the output shaft 14 is also fixedly connected with connecting columns 51 in the same number as the compression rollers 21, the ends of the connecting columns 51 extend into the granulation chamber 12, a cutter 5 is slidingly connected with the connecting columns 51 horizontally, the cutter 5 is close to the side surface of the ring die 13 but does not adhere to the side surface of the ring die 13, the sharp part of the cutter 5 is opposite to the discharge hole of the ring die 13, a rotating wheel 53 is rotatably connected with the cutter 5, the outer surface of the rotating wheel 53 is made of rubber, and an elastic member is arranged between the cutter 5 and the connecting column 51, in this embodiment, the elastic member is a spring 52, of course, the spring 52 can be replaced by other elastic members such as elastic rubber pads, elastic air bags and other elastic devices capable of exerting a pushing force on the cutter 5, and a filter plate 54 is detachably installed outside the granulation chamber 12, the filter plate 54 is sleeved on the connecting column 51 and rotates with the connecting column 51 during the granulation operation.

[0044] The spring 52 pushes the cutter 5 to move away from the connecting column 51 until the rotating wheel 53 abuts against the side surface of the ring die 13, at this time, the cutter 5 is close to the ring die 13 but does not contact the ring die 13, during the granulation operation, the output shaft 14 drives the connecting column 51 to rotate, and the connecting column 51 drives the cutter 5 to rotate, thereby cutting the particles extruded from the discharge hole of the ring die 13, compared with the prior art in which the cutter 5 is arranged away from the ring die 13, the cutter 5 is close to the ring die 13, which can greatly reduce the debris generated during the granulation process, thereby reducing the impurities in the finished product, the rotating wheel 53 adheres to the ring die 13 and rotates during the operation, which can stabilize the motion state of the cutter 5, the filter plate 54 separates the cut finished particles and debris during the rotation with the connecting column 51, thereby further reducing the impurities of the particles leaving the discharge hole.

[0045] The foregoing merely illustrates some exemplary embodiments of the application, and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise various modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The appended drawings and description are illustrative only, and are not intended to be limiting.

Claims

1. A biochar processing pelletizer, comprising a drive assembly and a pelletizing chamber (12), characterized in that: A ring die (13) is fixedly connected inside the granulation chamber (12). The output end of the drive assembly includes an output shaft (14) extending into the granulation chamber (12), and also includes: A connecting plate (2) is fixedly connected to the output shaft (14) in a centrally symmetrical manner, and a pressure roller (21) is provided at each end of the connecting plate (2); The distance adjustment assembly (3) is set at both ends of the connecting plate (2) and is used to adjust the distance between the two pressure rollers (21) and the inner wall of the ring die (13); The rotating component (4) is used to drive each pressure roller (21) to rotate around its own axis when the driving component drives the pressure roller (21) to revolve around the axis of the ring die (13), so that the forming method of the material changes from the push extrusion of material relying on sliding friction to the feed calendering of material relying on rolling friction.

2. The biochar processing granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Rotating assembly (4) includes: The active component (41) is fixedly connected to the ring mold (13); The driven member (42) installed on the connecting plate (2) is in close contact with the inner wall of the driving member (41) when the pressure roller (21) revolves around the axis of the ring mold (13) and there is no relative movement.

3. The biochar processing granulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driven member (42) has a through hole in the center, and several inner rods (43) are arranged in a circular array along the axis of the through hole. The top of the pressure roller (21) is fixed with a connecting part (22). The connecting part (22) has an outer rod (23) in the same number as the inner rods (43) arranged in a circular array along the axis of the pressure roller (21). The driven member (42) is sleeved on the connecting part (22). During the rotation of the driven member (42) under the action of the driving member (41), the inner rods (43) abut against the outer rods (23) and drive the outer rods (23) to rotate along the axis of the pressure roller (21).

4. A biochar processing pelletizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driven member (42) is rotatably mounted on the connecting plate (2).

5. A biochar processing granulator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting assembly (3) includes two support rods (33) that are horizontally slidably installed at both ends of the connecting rod (621). The pressure roller (21) is rotatably connected to the support rods (33). Synchronous motion assembly (6) is provided at the ends of the two support rods (33) that are close to each other.

6. A biochar processing granulator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The synchronous motion component (6) includes: There are two connecting rods (621), each fixedly connected to a support rod (33); Rotary rod (622) is fixedly connected to output shaft (14), and rotary rod (622) is slidably connected to two connecting rods (621); The first gear (612) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft (14).

7. A biochar processing granulator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pitch adjustment assembly (3) includes a second gear (31) meshing with the first gear (612) and a bolt (32) coaxially fixedly connected to the second gear (31), the bolt (32) being threaded onto the connecting plate (2).

8. A biochar processing granulator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving component (41) includes an internal gear (411), and the driven component (42) includes a planetary gear (421), which is rotatably connected to the connecting plate (2).

9. A biochar processing pelletizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The granulation chamber (12) is provided with the same number of cutters (5) as the pressure roller (21). The tip of the cutter (5) is directly opposite the discharge hole of the ring die (13). The cutter (5) is close to but does not fit against the outer surface of the ring die (13).

10. A biochar processing pelletizer according to claim 9, characterized in that, Each of the cutters (5) is slidably connected in the horizontal direction to a connecting post (51) that is fixedly connected to the output shaft (14). An elastic element is also provided between the cutter (5) and the connecting post (51). A rubber wheel (53) is rotatably connected to the side of the cutter (5) near the ring die (13). The elastic element pushes the cutter (5) to make the wheel (53) fit against the ring die (13). A filter plate (54) is detachably installed on the connecting post (51). The filter plate (54) is inclined.

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