Spinning device and method for staple fiber covering yarn

Abstract

The invention relates to a spinning device and method for staple fiber covering yarn. The device comprises a roller drafting mechanism, an air-jet vortex twisting mechanism and a ring spindle twisting forming mechanism. The air-jet vortex twisting mechanism comprises a guide body, a vortex tube, a conical surface body and a doffing tube; a guide needle in the center of the guide body is provided with a guide hole, and a skin fiber input channel is arranged on the side of the guide body; and the vortex tube and the doffing tube are provided with air injection holes. The method comprises the steps that after core fiber roving and skin fiber roving or slivers are drafted, core fiber bundles enter a guide hole of a guide needle and then form core yarn under the twisting effect of a ring spindle, and when the core yarn reaches the head end of a conical surface body, the head end of skin fiber entering from a side channel enters a center through hole of the conical surface body along with the core yarn; the tail end of the yarn guide pipe uniformly wraps the middle yarn body under the action of rotating airflow to form a staple fiber core-spun wool yarn, and then the staple fiber core-spun yarn is finally formed under the action of rotating airflow of the yarn guide pipe. The short fiber core-spun yarn is spun by a one-step method, and the yarn is high in strength, good in wear resistance and less in hairiness.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of spinning equipment and technology, and particularly relates to a spinning device and method for short fiber core-spun yarn. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the commonly used core-spun yarn in the market is mostly filament core-spun yarn, which is spun by wrapping short fibers outside the synthetic fiber filament core. In fact, compared with filament core-spun yarn, short fiber core-spun yarn (i.e., both the core fiber and the wrapped fiber are short fibers) has more excellent softness, moisture absorption and air permeability, structural stability, and more natural blending appearance, which meets the increasing demand of consumers for comfort and natural environmental protection of textiles.

[0003] The reported short fiber core-spun yarn spinning methods at the present stage include two-step method and one-step method. The two-step method is to first spin short fiber core yarn, and then wrap the short fiber outside the core yarn to twist into short fiber core-spun yarn, which has a long production process and high spinning cost. The one-step method for spinning short fiber core-spun yarn mainly includes the twisting triangle area wrapping method and the skin fiber wrapping core yarn method. The twisting triangle area wrapping method refers to feeding three or two rovings at the same time, and forming a skin fiber layer wrapping a core fiber layer structure at the front nip twisting triangle area, and then twisting the yarn (see published patent CN200410054221.3). This method will cause the yarn body to have periodic core fiber exposure and other structural instability problems. In the skin fiber wrapping core yarn method, the core fiber is basically twisted into yarn after the twisting triangle area, and then the skin fiber bundle is regularly wrapped around the outer layer of the core yarn (see published patents CN200510044026.7 and CN202111570904.4). However, because the skin fiber is regularly wrapped, the short fiber core-spun yarn has poor wear resistance, and the skin fiber is easily rubbed off.

[0004] Therefore, there is a lack of a high-efficiency short-process preparation device and method for short fiber core-spun yarn with stable yarn structure and strong mechanical properties in the existing short fiber core-spun yarn spinning technology. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and to provide a spinning device and method for short fiber core-spun yarn, particularly a method for one-step spinning of short fiber core-spun yarn by core fiber bundle and skin fiber bundle.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] A spinning device for short fiber core-spun yarn, comprising a roller drafting mechanism, an air jet vortex twisting mechanism and a ring twisting forming mechanism; the spinning device is used to realize one-step forming of short fiber core-spun yarn by core fiber bundle and skin fiber bundle.

[0008] The roller drafting mechanism can be a three-roller double apron, four-roller double short apron, or other ring spinning or air vortex spinning suitable drafting device, and the initial feed of the skin fiber bundle under the drafting mechanism is a skin fiber roving, and the draft ratio of the skin fiber roving and the core fiber roving is the same.

[0009] The air vortex twisting mechanism mainly includes a guide body, a vortex pipe, a conical body, and a yarn guide pipe in the yarn forming direction. The guide body is internally provided with a guide needle at the center, and the side is an inclined skin fiber bundle input channel. The vortex pipe is provided with a plurality of vortex pipe air injection holes, which are inclined to the inside yarn feeding downstream direction, and form a rotating air flow in the vortex pipe air chamber. The conical body is embedded in the vortex pipe air chamber, and a circular conical body center through hole is formed in the center of the conical body. The yarn guide pipe is provided with a plurality of yarn guide pipe air injection holes at the head end, and a circular yarn guide pipe center through hole is formed in the center of the yarn guide pipe, which is connected with the conical body center through hole. The guide body, the vortex pipe, the conical body, and the yarn guide pipe are coaxially arranged.

[0010] The ring twisting forming mechanism includes a spindle, a bobbin, a program, and a steel ring.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution:

[0012] The roller drafting mechanism of the short fiber core spun yarn spinning device can be replaced with a skin-core double drafting mechanism comprising two independent drafting devices, and the initial feed of the skin fiber bundle under the drafting mechanism can be a skin fiber roving or sliver. The core drafting mechanism is used to draft the core fiber roving into a core fiber bundle, and the core drafting mechanism can be a three-roller double apron, four-roller double short apron, or other ring spinning suitable drafting device. The skin drafting mechanism is used to draft the skin fiber roving or sliver into a skin fiber bundle, and the skin drafting mechanism can be a three-roller double apron, four-roller double short apron, or other air vortex spinning suitable drafting device. The skin-core double drafting mechanism can independently draft the core fiber roving and the skin fiber roving or sliver, and better adapt to different types of skin-core fiber bundle raw materials and quantities.

[0013] The guide needle center is provided with a circular guide hole, the guide hole diameter is 1-4mm, the conical body center through hole diameter is 1-8mm, and the yarn guide pipe center through hole diameter is 4-12mm. Based on this structure, the core fiber bundle at the front nip can enter and pass through the air vortex twisting mechanism and the ring twisting forming mechanism to communicate and twist.

[0014] The number of vortex pipe air injection holes is 3-8, uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the vortex pipe, the diameter of the vortex pipe air injection hole is 0.2-1mm, and the included angle between the vortex pipe air injection hole center axis and the vortex pipe center axis is 50°-80°. The vortex pipe air injection hole is connected with the air injection device, and a rotating air flow is formed in the vortex pipe air chamber, thereby realizing the wrapping and twisting of the core yarn by the outer skin layer fiber.

[0015] The spinning device of the short fiber core-spun yarn as described above, the number of the jet holes of the lead tube is 3-8, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the lead tube, the diameter of the jet hole of the lead tube is 0.2-1mm, and the angle between the central axis of the jet hole and the central axis of the lead tube is 50-89°; through the external jet device, the vortex formed by the jet hole of the lead tube can further twist the skin fiber of the short fiber core-spun yarn, so that the skin structure of the yarn is more compact and the hairiness is less.

[0016] The application also provides a spinning method of the short fiber core-spun yarn, the core fiber roving and the skin fiber roving or sliver are respectively drawn through the roller drafting mechanism to form the core fiber bundle and the skin fiber bundle at the front roller nip; wherein the core fiber bundle is directly opposite to the central guide hole of the guide needle, and the guide hole of the guide needle and the central through hole of the conical body and the central through hole of the lead tube are communicated, the core fiber bundle directly communicates with the ring twister forming mechanism through the jet vortex twisting mechanism, so that the twist of the ring twister can be directly transmitted to the front roller nip to form a twisting triangle at the front roller nip, so that the core fiber bundle is twisted to form the core yarn; the skin fiber bundle enters the jet vortex twisting mechanism under the action of the airflow of the side inclined input channel of the guide body, and then the fiber head of the skin fiber bundle enters the central through hole of the conical body following the core yarn under the action of the guide needle guide and the rotating airflow in the vortex tube, the fiber tail of the skin fiber bundle is sequentially opened on the curved table at the head end of the conical body, and is twisted to cover the core yarn to form the short fiber core-spun yarn under the action of the rotating airflow generated by the jet hole of the vortex tube, and then the short fiber core-spun yarn passes through the central through hole of the conical body and is further twisted by the airflow of the jet hole of the lead tube to form the final short fiber core-spun yarn, and then the short fiber core-spun yarn passes through the central through hole of the lead tube, the guide hook and the ring traveler, and is finally wound on the bobbin.

[0017] The spinning method of the short fiber core-spun yarn as described above, the core fiber and the skin fiber can adopt various types of short fibers, the core fiber roving raw material is mainly cotton, viscose, polyester, flax, wool and other ring spinning short fibers, and the main length of the fiber is 10-50mm; the skin fiber roving or sliver raw material is cotton, polyester, viscose, modal, lyocell, acrylic and other jet vortex spinning short fibers, and the main length of the fiber is 30-50mm. At the same time, the core fiber raw material and the skin fiber raw material can also adopt mixed raw materials, and the short fiber core-spun yarn containing various types of short fibers can be spun.

[0018] The spinning method of the short fiber core-spun yarn as described above can realize one-step spinning of the short fiber skin-core structure yarn, the core yarn fineness and the final spun short fiber core-spun yarn fineness can be precisely controlled, wherein the core yarn fineness is 30-100 English, and the short fiber core-spun yarn fineness is 15-80 English; at the same time, the proportion of the core fiber and the skin fiber can also be precisely controlled.

[0019] The yarn spun by the short fiber core-spun yarn spinning method as described above has the core yarn with the ring spinning structure feature, and the core fiber is relatively close due to the inside-out transfer and the spiral distribution structure; the short fiber core-spun yarn skin layer has the air vortex yarn structure feature, the head of the skin layer fiber is parallel to the core yarn, and the tail is spirally uniformly wrapped around the yarn body, so that the overall structure of the spun short fiber core-spun yarn is close, the yarn strength is high, the wear resistance is good, and the hairiness is less.

[0020] Advantages

[0021] (1) The present application provides a spinning device and method for preparing short fiber core-spun yarn by using skin-core fiber bundle one-step method, which realizes high-efficiency short process one-step forming of short fiber core-spun yarn.

[0022] (2) The roller drafting mechanism, air vortex twisting mechanism and ring twisting forming mechanism in the short fiber core-spun yarn spinning device of the present application are all mature mechanisms, the combination mode between the mechanisms is simple, and the device can be quickly modified and implemented.

[0023] (3) The short fiber core-spun yarn spun by the short fiber core-spun yarn spinning device and method of the present application has the core yarn with the ring spinning structure feature and the skin layer with the air vortex yarn structure feature, so that the overall structure of the spun short fiber core-spun yarn is close and stable, the yarn strength is high, the outer hairiness is less, the skin layer is not easy to fall off, the wear resistance is good, and the overall performance of the yarn is excellent.

[0024] (4) The method for short fiber core-spun yarn of the present application can accurately control the fineness and proportion of the core layer and the skin layer. At the same time, the core layer and the skin layer short fiber are suitable for multiple types, and multiple core fiber rovings, skin fiber rovings or slivers can be mixed respectively during feeding, so as to realize the core-spun blending of multiple short fibers, which has good market prospect.

[0025] (5) The existing ring spinning yarn technology is limited by the speed of ring spinning yarn, and the method for short fiber core-spun yarn of the present application can increase the strength of the skin layer by the air vortex mechanism to reduce the twist of the core layer fiber, thereby improving the yarn spinning speed and yield of the short fiber core-spun yarn, which has good market potential. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Fig. 1 It is a short fiber core-spun yarn spinning device structure diagram with three roller double apron drafting mechanism;

[0027] Fig. 2 It is a cross-sectional diagram of the air vortex twisting mechanism in the short fiber core-spun yarn spinning device and a short fiber core-spun yarn spinning process diagram;

[0028] Fig. 3 It is a short fiber core-spun yarn spinning device structure diagram with skin-core double drafting mechanism (three roller double apron drafting).

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1—Core fiber roving; 2—Sheath fiber roving; 3—Roller drafting mechanism; 4—Air jet vortex twisting mechanism; 5—Ring spinning twisting mechanism; 6—Rear roller; 7—Rear upper rubber roller; 8—Middle roller; 9—Lower rubber apron; 10—Middle upper rubber roller; 11—Upper rubber apron; 12—Front roller; 13—Front upper rubber roller; 14—Core fiber bundle; 15—Sheath fiber bundle; 16—Core yarn; 17—Guide body; 18—Guide needle; 19 —Guide hole; 20—Fiber bundle input channel; 21—Vortex tube; 22—Vortex tube air jet hole; 23—Vortex tube air chamber; 24—Conical body; 25—Central through hole of conical body; 26—Short fiber core-spun yarn; 27—Yarn guide tube; 28—Yarn guide tube air jet hole; 29—Central through hole of yarn guide tube; 30—Short fiber core-spun yarn; 31—Yarn guide hook; 32—Steel wire traveler; 33—Steel collar; 34—Yarn tube; 35—Spindle;

[0031] 2-2—Leather fiber strip; 3-1—Leather drawing mechanism; 3-2—Core drawing mechanism; 6-1—First rear roller; 6-2—Second rear roller; 7-1—First rear upper rubber roller; 7-2—Second rear upper rubber roller; 8-1—First middle roller; 8-2—Second middle roller; 9-1—First lower leather ring; 9-2—Second lower leather ring; 10-1—First middle upper rubber roller; 10-2—Second middle upper rubber roller; 11-1—First upper leather ring; 11-2—Second upper leather ring; 12-1—First front roller; 12-2—Second front roller; 13-1—First front upper rubber roller; 13-2—Second front upper rubber roller. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0033] In the following examples and comparative examples, the yarn breaking strength was tested in accordance with standard GB / T 3916-1997, the abrasion resistance was tested in accordance with standard FZ / T 01058-1999, and the hairiness index was tested in accordance with standard FZ / T 01086-2000.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] A spinning device for short-fiber core-spun yarn, such as Figs. 1-2 As shown, it includes a roller drawing mechanism 3, a jet vortex twisting mechanism 4, and a ring twisting forming mechanism 5;

[0036] The roller drafting mechanism 3 is a three-roller double apron drafting device, comprising a back roller 6 and a back top roller 7, a middle roller 8 and a middle top roller 9, and a front roller 10 and a front top roller 11;

[0037] The air-jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 mainly comprises a guide body 17, a vortex tube 21, a conical body 24, and a yarn guide tube 27. The guide body 17 is provided with a guide needle 18 in the center and a skin fiber bundle input channel 20 distributed in a tilted manner on the side. The vortex tube 21 is provided with a plurality of vortex tube air nozzles 22, which are inclined to the inside and downstream of the yarn feeding direction, and form a rotating air flow in the vortex tube air chamber 23. The conical body 24 is embedded in the vortex tube air chamber, and a circular conical body center through hole 25 is formed in the center of the conical body 24. The yarn guide tube 27 is also provided with a plurality of yarn guide tube air nozzles 28 at the head end, and a circular yarn guide tube center through hole 29 is formed in the center of the yarn guide tube 27, which is connected with the conical body center through hole 25;

[0038] The ring twisting forming mechanism 5 comprises a steel ring 32, a leader 33, a yarn tube 34, and a spindle 35.

[0039] The guide needle 18 is provided with a circular guide hole 19 in the center, and the diameter of the guide hole is 1mm;

[0040] The number of vortex tube air nozzles 22 is 4, which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the vortex tube. The diameter of the vortex tube air nozzle is 0.4mm, and the included angle between the center axis of the vortex tube air nozzle and the center axis of the vortex tube is 65°.

[0041] The diameter of the conical body center through hole 25 is 3mm, and the diameter of the yarn guide tube center through hole 29 is 8mm. The number of yarn guide tube air nozzles 28 is 3, which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the yarn guide tube. The diameter of the yarn guide tube air nozzle is 0.5mm, and the included angle between the center axis of the yarn guide tube air nozzle and the center axis of the yarn guide tube is 60°.

[0042] The center axes of the guide body 17, the vortex tube 21, the conical body 24, and the yarn guide tube 27 are collinear.

[0043] A kind of short fiber core spun yarn spinning method, using above-mentioned spinning device, core fiber roving 1 and skin fiber roving 2 are drawn at front roller nip by the roller drafting mechanism 3 to form core fiber bundle 14 and skin fiber bundle 15;Core fiber bundle 14 is guided through needle center guide hole 19, and core fiber bundle passes through air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 and ring twisting forming mechanism 5 directly, so that the twist of ring twisting is directly transmitted to the front roller nip, and a twisting triangle area is formed at the front roller nip, so that the core fiber bundle 14 is twisted to form core yarn 16;Skin fiber bundle 15 enters air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 under the action of airflow suction in lateral oblique input channel 20, and then under the guidance of guide needle 18 and the action of rotating airflow in vortex tube 21, the head end of skin fiber bundle follows the core yarn into the center through hole 25 of conical body, and the tail end of skin fiber bundle is opened in turn on the head end curved table of conical body 24, and is twisted to cover the core yarn 16 to form short fiber core spun yarn 26 under the action of rotating airflow in vortex tube, then passes through the center through hole 25 of conical body, and the skin fiber of short fiber core spun yarn is further twisted to form the final short fiber core spun yarn 30 under the action of airflow in jet nozzle hole 28, and then the short fiber core spun yarn passes through the center through hole 29 of jet nozzle, guide hook 31 and ring 32 on steel ring 33, and is finally wound on yarn tube 34.

[0044] The raw material of core fiber roving 1 is cotton fiber, the main body length of the fiber is 32 mm, and the roving weight is 6 g / 10 m;The raw material of skin fiber roving 2 is cotton fiber, the main body length of the fiber is 32 mm, and the roving weight is 8 g / 10 m.

[0045] The short fiber core spun yarn 30 obtained by using the above device and method has a core yarn fineness of 40 English, a short fiber core spun yarn fineness of 17.1 English, a core yarn twist of 70 twists / 10 cm, a skin layer twist of 75 twists / 10 cm, and the core yarn has a ring yarn spiral distribution characteristic, the skin layer fiber uniformly covers the yarn body in a spiral shape, the overall structure of the short fiber core spun yarn is compact and stable, the yarn strength is 18.3 cN / tex, the wear resistance is 457 times, and the hair index is 1.8.

[0046] Comparative example 1:

[0047] A kind of short fiber core spun yarn spinning device, basically same as the short fiber core spun yarn spinning device in embodiment 1, the only difference is that the angle between the center axis of vortex tube air jet hole and the center axis of vortex tube is 40 °;

[0048] A kind of short fiber core spun yarn spinning method using the above-mentioned spinning device, same as the short fiber core spun yarn spinning method in embodiment 1.

[0049] The short fiber core spun yarn prepared by the device and method has a core yarn fineness of 40 English, a short fiber core spun yarn fineness of 17.1 English, a core yarn twist of 70 twists / 10 cm, a skin layer twist of 72 twists / 10 cm, the core yarn presents a ring spun yarn spiral distribution characteristic, the skin layer fiber presents a spiral uniform covering yarn body, the yarn strength is 17.4 cN / tex, the wear resistance frequency is 391 times, and the hairiness index is 2.7.

[0050] Compared with Example 1, the yarn strength, wear resistance frequency and hairiness index of the comparative example 1 are all less than those of the short fiber core spun yarn of Example 1, because the angle between the center axis of the jet hole of the vortex tube and the center axis of the vortex tube in the comparative example 1 is less than the corresponding angle in Example 1, and the smaller the angle is, the weaker the rotating air flow formed by the jet hole of the vortex tube is, so that the twist of the skin layer fiber is smaller, and the twisting and covering effect of the skin layer fiber on the yarn body is smaller, thereby resulting in the reduction of the performance of the short fiber core spun yarn.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] A spinning device for a short fiber core spun yarn, as shown in Figs. 2-3 The device includes roller drafting mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2, a jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 and a ring twisting and forming mechanism 5.

[0053] The roller drafting mechanisms 3-1 and 3-2 are a core-skin double drafting mechanism containing two sets of three-roller double apron drafting devices, wherein the core drafting mechanism (3-1) includes a first back roller 6-1 and a first back top rubber-covered roller 7-1, a first middle roller 8-1 and a first lower apron 9-1, a first middle top rubber-covered roller 10-1 and a first top apron 11-1, and a first front roller 12-1 and a first front top rubber-covered roller 13-1; the skin drafting mechanism (3-2) includes a second back roller 6-2 and a second back top rubber-covered roller 7-2, a second middle roller 8-2 and a second lower apron 9-2, a second middle top rubber-covered roller 10-2 and a second top apron 11-2, and a second front roller 12-2 and a second front top rubber-covered roller 13-2.

[0054] The jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 mainly includes a guide body 17, a vortex tube 21, a conical body 24 and a yarn guide tube 27; the guide body is internally provided with a guide needle 18, and the side is an inclined distribution of a skin fiber bundle input channel 20; the vortex tube is provided with a plurality of vortex tube jet holes 22, the jet holes are inclined to the inside yarn feeding downstream direction, and a rotating air flow is formed in a vortex tube air chamber 23; the conical body 24 is embedded in the vortex tube air chamber, and a circular conical body center through hole 25 is formed in the center of the conical body; the head end of the yarn guide tube 27 is also provided with a plurality of yarn guide tube jet holes 28, and a circular yarn guide tube center through hole 29 is formed in the center of the yarn guide tube and connected with the conical body center through hole 25.

[0055] The ring twisting and forming mechanism 5 includes a ring traveler 32, a ring 33, a bobbin 34 and a spindle 35.

[0056] The guide needle 18 is centrally provided with a circular guide hole 19 with a diameter of 2 mm;

[0057] The vortex tube has six air injection holes 22 evenly distributed along the circumference of the vortex tube, each with a diameter of 0.3 mm and an angle of 70° between the central axis of the air injection hole and the central axis of the vortex tube;

[0058] The conical body has a central through hole 25 with a diameter of 4 mm, and the yarn guide tube has a central through hole 29 with a diameter of 10 mm, four air injection holes 28 evenly distributed along the circumference of the yarn guide tube, each with a diameter of 0.5 mm and an angle of 60° between the central axis of the air injection hole and the central axis of the yarn guide tube;

[0059] The central axes of the guide body 17, the vortex tube 21, the conical body 24, and the yarn guide tube 27 are collinear;

[0060] A spinning method for short fiber core spun yarn using the spinning device described above, the core fiber roving 1 and the sheath fiber sliver 2-2 are drawn by the roller drafting mechanism 3 to form a core fiber bundle 14 and a sheath fiber bundle 15 at the front roller nip; the core fiber bundle 14 passes through the central guide hole 19 of the guide needle, and the core fiber bundle passes through the air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 and is directly communicated with the ring twisting forming mechanism 5, so that the ring twisting twist is directly transmitted to the front roller nip, forming a twisting triangle area at the front roller nip, so that the core fiber bundle 14 is twisted to form the core yarn 16; the sheath fiber bundle 15 enters the air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 under the action of the airflow in the lateral inclined input channel 20, and then under the action of the guide needle 18 and the rotating airflow in the vortex tube 21, the head end of the sheath fiber bundle enters the conical body central through hole 25 following the core yarn, and the tail end of the sheath fiber bundle opens in turn on the curved table surface at the head end of the conical body 24, and is twisted and wrapped around the core yarn 16 under the action of the rotating airflow in the vortex tube to form the short fiber core spun yarn 26, and then passes through the conical body central through hole 25, and the sheath fiber of the short fiber core spun yarn is further twisted under the action of the airflow in the yarn guide tube air injection hole 28 to form the final short fiber core spun yarn 30, and then the short fiber core spun yarn passes through the yarn guide tube central through hole 29, the guide hook 31 and the ring traveler 32 on the ring 33, and is finally wound on the bobbin 34.

[0061] The core fiber roving 1 is made of polyester fiber, the main body length of the fiber is 34 mm, the roving weight is 7 g / 10 m, and the total draft ratio is 47; the sheath fiber sliver 2 is made of cotton fiber, the main body length of the fiber is 32 mm, the cotton sliver weight is 16 g / 5 m, and the total draft ratio is 173.

[0062] The short fiber core spun yarn 31 prepared by the above device and method has a core yarn fineness of 40 English, a short fiber core spun yarn fineness of 17.8 English, a core yarn twist of 70 twists / 10 cm, a skin layer twist of 85 twists / 10 cm, the core yarn presents a ring spinning spiral distribution characteristic, the skin layer fiber presents a spiral uniform covering yarn body, the short fiber core spun yarn has a compact and stable overall structure, the yarn strength is 18.9 cN / tex, the wear resistance frequency is 484 times, and the hairiness index is 1.6.

[0063] Example 3:

[0064] A spinning device of a short fiber core spun yarn, as shown in Figs. 1-2 includes a roller drafting mechanism 3, an air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 and a ring twisting forming mechanism 5.

[0065] The roller drafting mechanism 3 is a three-roller double apron drafting device, including a back roller 6 and a back top roller 7, a middle roller 8 and a middle top roller 9, and a front roller 10 and a front top roller 11.

[0066] The air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 mainly includes a guide body 17, a vortex pipe 21, a conical body 24 and a yarn guide pipe 27; the guide body is internally provided with a guide needle 18, and the side is an inclined distribution of skin fiber bundle input channels 20; the vortex pipe is provided with a plurality of vortex pipe air injection holes 22, the air injection holes are inclined to the inside yarn feeding downstream direction, and a rotating air flow is formed in the vortex pipe air chamber 23; the conical body 24 is embedded in the vortex pipe air chamber, and a circular conical body center through hole 25 is formed in the center of the conical body; the yarn guide pipe 27 is also provided with a plurality of yarn guide pipe air injection holes 28 at the head end, and a circular yarn guide pipe center through hole 29 is formed in the center of the yarn guide pipe and connected with the conical body center through hole 25.

[0067] The ring twisting forming mechanism 5 includes a ring traveler 32, a ring 33, a bobbin 34 and a spindle 35.

[0068] The guide needle 18 is provided with a circular guide hole 19 in the center, and the diameter of the guide hole is 1.5 mm.

[0069] The number of vortex pipe air injection holes 22 is 6, which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the vortex pipe, the diameter of the vortex pipe air injection hole is 0.3 mm, and the included angle between the center axis of the vortex pipe air injection hole and the center axis of the vortex pipe is 70°.

[0070] The diameter of the conical body center through hole 25 is 5 mm, the diameter of the yarn guide pipe center through hole 29 is 12 mm, the number of yarn guide pipe air injection holes 28 is 6, which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the yarn guide pipe, the diameter of the yarn guide pipe air injection hole is 0.4 mm, and the included angle between the center axis of the yarn guide pipe air injection hole and the center axis of the yarn guide pipe is 75°.

[0071] The center axes of the guide body 17, the vortex pipe 21, the conical body 24 and the yarn guide pipe 27 are collinear.

[0072] A short fiber core spun yarn spinning method using the above spinning device, the core fiber roving 1 and the sheath fiber roving 2 are drawn by the roller drafting mechanism 3 to form the core fiber bundle 14 and the sheath fiber bundle 15 at the front roller nip; the core fiber bundle 14 passes through the center guide hole 19 of the guide needle, and the core fiber bundle directly communicates with the ring twister forming mechanism 5 through the air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4, so that the ring twister twist is directly transmitted to the front roller nip, forming a twisting triangle area at the front roller nip, so that the core fiber bundle 14 is twisted to form the core yarn 16; the sheath fiber bundle 15 enters the air jet vortex twisting mechanism 4 under the action of the airflow suction of the lateral inclined input channel 20, and then under the guide action of the guide needle 18 and the rotating airflow in the vortex tube 21, the head end of the sheath fiber bundle follows the core yarn into the center through hole 25 of the conical body, and the tail end of the sheath fiber bundle is opened in turn on the curved table top at the head end of the conical body 24, and is twisted and covered to form the short fiber core spun yarn 26 under the action of the rotating airflow in the vortex tube, and then passes through the center through hole 25 of the conical body, and the sheath fiber of the short fiber core spun yarn is further twisted to form the final short fiber core spun yarn 30 under the action of the airflow of the jet nozzle hole 28 of the yarn guide tube, and then the short fiber core spun yarn passes through the center through hole 29 of the yarn guide tube, the guide hook 31 and the ring traveler 32 on the ring traveler 33, and is finally wound on the bobbin 34.

[0073] The core fiber roving 1 is made of cotton fibers with a fiber body length of 32 mm and a roving weight of 6 g / 10 m; the sheath fiber roving 2 is made of cotton fibers with a fiber body length of 32 mm and a roving weight of 8 g / 10 m.

[0074] The short fiber core spun yarn obtained by using the above device and method has a core yarn fineness of 48 English, a short fiber core spun yarn fineness of 22 English, a core yarn twist of 45 twists / 10 cm, a sheath layer twist of 100 twists / 10 cm, and the core yarn has a ring spun yarn spiral distribution characteristic, the sheath layer fiber uniformly covers the yarn body in a spiral shape, the overall structure of the short fiber core spun yarn is compact and stable, the yarn strength is 17.9 cN / tex, the wear resistance is 474 times, and the hairiness index is 1.5. And the short fiber core spun yarn forming speed is 26.2 m / min. Under the same yarn strength condition, the short fiber core spun yarn with a core yarn twist of 70 twists / 10 cm and a sheath layer twist of 75 twists / 10 cm spun by using the conventional ring spinning method has a yarn forming speed of about 15-20 m / min. Therefore, the device and method can increase the yield by more than 30%.

Claims

1. A spinning apparatus for staple fiber core-spun yarn, characterized in that, Along the raw material feeding direction, there are roller drafting mechanism (3), air jet vortex twisting mechanism (4) and ring spindle twisting forming mechanism (5); the spinning device is used to realize the one-step forming of core fiber bundle and sheath fiber bundle to spin short fiber core-spun yarn.

2. The spinning apparatus for staple fiber core-spun yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller drafting mechanism (3) is a drafting device suitable for ring spinning or jet spinning; The jet vortex twisting mechanism (4) includes a guide body (17), a vortex tube (21), a conical body (24), and a yarn guide tube (27); the guide body (17) has a guide needle (18) built into its center and an inclined leather fiber bundle input channel (20) on its side; the vortex tube (21) is equipped with multiple vortex tube jet holes (22) and forms a rotating airflow in the vortex tube air chamber (23); the conical body (24) is embedded in the vortex tube air chamber (23) and has a circular conical body central through hole (25) in its center; the yarn guide tube (27) is also equipped with multiple yarn guide tube jet holes (28) at its head end, and the yarn guide tube (27) has a circular yarn guide tube central through hole (29) in its center that connects with the conical body central through hole (25); The ring twisting forming mechanism (5) includes a wire ring (32), a bobbin (33), a yarn tube (34), and a spindle (35).

3. The spinning apparatus for staple fiber core-spun yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roller drafting mechanism can be a core-sheath dual drafting mechanism containing two independent drafting devices, including a core drafting mechanism (3-1) and a sheath drafting mechanism (3-2). The core drafting mechanism (3-1) is used to draft the core fiber roving into a core fiber bundle (14), and the core drafting mechanism (3-1) is a drafting device suitable for ring spinning. The sheath drafting mechanism (3-2) is used to draft the sheath fiber roving (2) or sliver (2-2) into a sheath fiber bundle (15), and the sheath drafting mechanism (3-2) is a drafting device suitable for air-jet vortex spinning.

4. The spinning apparatus for staple fiber core-spun yarn according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide needle (18) has a circular guide hole (19) at its center, with a diameter of 1 to 4 mm; the number of vortex tube air jet holes (22) is 3 to 8, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the vortex tube, with a diameter of 0.2 to 1 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the vortex tube air jet hole and the central axis of the vortex tube is 50° to 80°; the diameter of the conical body central through hole (25) is 1 to 8 mm; the diameter of the yarn guide tube central through hole (29) is 4 to 12 mm, the number of yarn guide tube air jet holes (28) is 3 to 8, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the yarn guide tube, with a diameter of 0.2 to 1 mm, and the angle between the central axis of the yarn guide tube air jet hole and the central axis of the yarn guide tube is 50° to 89°; The central axis of the guide body (17), the central axis of the vortex tube (21), the central axis of the conical body (24), and the central axis of the yarn guide tube (27) are collinear.

5. A method for spinning staple fiber core-spun yarn, implemented using a spinning apparatus for staple fiber core-spun yarn as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Core fiber roving (1) and sheath fiber roving (2) or sheath fiber strip (2-2) are drawn by the roller drafting mechanism (3) to form core fiber bundle (14) and sheath fiber bundle (15) at the front roller nip; wherein the core fiber bundle (14) is directly connected to the central guide hole (19) of the guide needle, and the core fiber bundle (14) passes through the air jet vortex twisting mechanism (4) and is directly connected to the ring twisting forming mechanism (5), so the twist of the ring twisting will be directly transmitted to the front roller nip, forming a twisting triangle area at the front roller nip, thereby twisting the core fiber bundle (14) to form core yarn (16); the sheath fiber bundle (15) enters the air jet vortex twisting mechanism (4) under the suction of the airflow from the side-inclined input channel (20), and then is guided by the guide needle (18). Under the action of the guiding force and the rotating airflow in the vortex tube (21), the head end of the sheath fiber bundle (15) follows the core yarn into the central through hole (25) of the conical body, and the tail end of the sheath fiber bundle (15) opens sequentially on the curved circular platform at the head end of the conical body (24), and is twisted and wrapped around the core yarn (16) under the action of the rotating airflow in the vortex tube (21) to form a short fiber core-spun yarn (26). Then it passes through the central through hole (25) of the conical body, and under the action of the airflow in the air jet hole (28) of the yarn guide tube, the sheath fiber of the short fiber core-spun yarn is further twisted to form the final short fiber core-spun yarn (30). After that, the short fiber core-spun yarn (30) passes through the central through hole (29) of the yarn guide tube, the yarn guide hook (31) and the steel wire ring (32) on the steel ring (33), and is finally wound on the yarn tube (34).

6. The spinning method of staple fiber core-spun yarn according to claim 5, characterized in that, The core fiber bundle (14) corresponds to a ring-spun short fiber as the raw material for the roving, and the main body length of the fiber is 10-50 mm; the sheath fiber bundle (15) corresponds to a jet-jet vortex-spun short fiber as the raw material for the roving or sliver, and the main body length of the fiber is 30-50 mm; the spinning method is used to realize the one-step spinning of short fiber sheath core structure yarn, wherein the fineness of the core yarn (16) is 30-100 English count, and the fineness of the short fiber core-spun yarn (30) is 20-90 English count.

7. The yarn produced by the spinning method of short-fiber core-spun yarn according to claim 5, characterized in that, The core yarn (16) has the structural characteristics of ring-spun yarn, and the core fiber has a relatively tight structure due to internal and external transfer and spiral distribution; the cortex of the short fiber core-spun yarn (30) has the structural characteristics of air-jet vortex yarn, with the head end of the cortex fiber parallel to the core yarn and the tail end spirally and uniformly covering the yarn body. Therefore, the overall structure of the spun short fiber core-spun yarn is tight and stable, with high yarn strength, good abrasion resistance, and less hairiness.

Images