Electric carbon metering simulation system for simulating full-link topology and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric carbon metering simulation system for simulating full-link topology and a method thereof. The system comprises a power generation side panel, a power transmission and distribution side panel and a user side panel, and each panel comprises a plurality of meters and a plurality of acquisition terminals. And the meters are used for simulating real electric carbon meters on the corresponding sides, metering carbon emission and displaying electric carbon factors. The acquisition terminal is used for simulating a real electricity carbon acquisition terminal and acquiring an electricity metering quantity. The system executes the following operations: (1) if on-site to-be-simulated data exist, issuing the on-site to-be-simulated data to each panel, otherwise, issuing the multiplying power of the mutual inductor; (2) generating a full-link topology; (3) calculating the electric quantity through topological calculation, analyzing the power flow, calculating a node electric carbon factor, and issuing the node electric carbon factor to an acquisition terminal; and (4) calculating the carbon emission of the current node according to a formula. According to the method, the accuracy and timeliness of data are improved, the carbon emission conditions of different power production, transmission and consumption links are known more accurately, and a scientific basis is provided for optimizing resource allocation and improving the energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electric carbon metering simulation system in the field of power system technology, and more particularly to an electric carbon metering simulation system simulating the entire link topology, and also to an electric carbon metering simulation method simulating the entire link topology. Background Technology

[0002] Current carbon metering simulations for power systems suffer from systemic defects. Existing equipment can only independently simulate single links such as power generation, transmission and distribution, or power consumption, and cannot construct a full-link topology model of generation-transmission-distribution-consumption. This leads to distortion of the dynamic transfer process of carbon flow in multi-level power grids. More seriously, the use of a fixed regional average carbon emission factor ignores the real-time fluctuations of node factors caused by power flow, resulting in large errors. At the same time, the separate acquisition of electrical energy and carbon emission data (such as asynchronous CEMS monitoring and meter recording) means that the simulation process lacks a dynamic coupling mechanism between electricity and carbon, making it impossible to verify the effectiveness of carbon flow tracing algorithms.

[0003] Although the "Research on the Construction and Key Technologies of the Support Network for Carbon Verification and Metering in Power Systems" requires full-link carbon verification, its implementation has exposed equipment rigidity and timeliness bottlenecks: the simulation on the generation side cannot be compatible with the differentiated carbon emission characteristics of various power sources such as thermal power, wind power, and photovoltaic power; the user side lacks a dynamic loading interface for carbon accounting parameters of high-energy-consuming industries (cement / metallurgy); in particular, the traditional 485 bus takes more than 30 minutes to transmit 96 points of power data, which cannot meet the 15-minute carbon flow tracking timeliness, and the calculation of carbon flow density at transmission and distribution nodes relies on offline topology analysis, which is difficult to respond to real-time power flow changes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems of existing carbon metering simulation systems being unable to construct a full-link simulation model, resulting in large errors and poor timeliness in carbon metering, this invention provides a carbon metering simulation system and method for simulating the full-link topology.

[0005] This invention is achieved using the following technical solution: a simulated full-link topology electricity carbon metering system, comprising a generation-side panel, a transmission and distribution-side panel, and a user-side panel; each panel includes:

[0006] Multiple simulated carbon meters are used to simulate the corresponding real carbon meters and measure carbon emissions and display carbon factors.

[0007] Multiple simulated carbon dioxide collection terminals are used, each corresponding to a different meter, to simulate the actual carbon dioxide collection terminal on the corresponding side and to collect the electricity consumption of the corresponding meter.

[0008] The system performs the following operations:

[0009] (1) If there is on-site simulation data, it will be sent to each panel; otherwise, the current transformer ratio, power generation / consumption type and sensor type / data will be sent according to the user settings.

[0010] (2) Generate the full-link topology based on the settings;

[0011] (3) Calculate the power consumption of each node acquisition terminal through the topology, analyze the power flow and calculate the node carbon factor, and send it to the corresponding acquisition terminal;

[0012] (4) Each meter calculates the current node carbon emissions according to the formula based on the received electrical carbon factor:

[0013] Carbon emissions = Σ(Input branch carbon factor × Input branch electricity / Output branch total electricity).

[0014] This invention integrates a three-panel hardware architecture encompassing the generation, transmission and distribution, and user sides, and implements a full-link topology modeling and dynamic carbon factor distribution mechanism. By establishing a simulation model, it simulates the operation of the power system, calculates carbon emissions in real time, and improves data accuracy and timeliness. Furthermore, through carbon metering simulation, it provides a more precise understanding of carbon emissions at different stages of power production, transmission, and consumption, offering a scientific basis for optimizing resource allocation and improving energy efficiency. This solves the technical problems of existing carbon metering simulation systems, such as the inability to construct a full-link simulation model, large carbon metering errors, and poor timeliness.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, the system also performs the following operations:

[0016] Based on the aforementioned topology, the transfer flow of coupled carbon emissions in the power grid is simulated, and a virtual network flow characterizing the carbon emission maintenance relationship of branches is generated according to the power flow; wherein:

[0017] (a) After the carbon emissions flowing into the node are mixed, they will first meet the local load, and the surplus carbon emissions will flow to the next level with the tidal current.

[0018] (b) The carbon flow density of the outflow line of a node is equal to the carbon emission factor of the corresponding node.

[0019] (c) Iteratively calculate the electricity emission factors and carbon flow data of all network nodes to complete the electricity carbon metering simulation.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above solution, the system defines the meters on the power generation side panel as follows:

[0021] (1) The link level is determined according to the voltage classification, which includes 220KV / 110KV / 35KV / 10KV;

[0022] (2) Power generation types, including: thermal power / hydropower / wind power / photovoltaic power station / biomass energy power station / purchased power.

[0023] As a further improvement to the above solution, the user-side panel also includes multiple serial port display devices. The serial port display devices are used to simulate the CEMS carbon sensor data on the power generation side, and the carbon sensor data includes concentration, flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity.

[0024] The power generation side panel also includes multiple serial port display devices, which are used to simulate the sensor data of the user side, including coal weight, carbon content, calorific value and carbon oxidation rate.

[0025] As a further improvement to the above scheme, both the power generation side panel and the user side panel are equipped with three sets of meters and data acquisition terminals, and the power transmission and distribution side panel is equipped with six sets of meters and data acquisition terminals; both the meters and the data acquisition terminals are three-phase three-wire devices.

[0026] As a further improvement to the above solution, the system also includes multiple control boards and multiple programmable sources connected to the multiple control boards respectively. Each control board provides independent voltage and current regulation for the three sets of meters and the acquisition terminal through the corresponding programmable source.

[0027] Furthermore, the meter can communicate with the corresponding control board via Bluetooth, and supports receiving 96 points of positive and negative active power data and 10 days of daily frozen data issued by the system.

[0028] As a further improvement to the above scheme, after receiving the node carbon factor issued by the system, the acquisition terminal transmits it to the corresponding simulated carbon meter via Bluetooth; the meter updates and displays the carbon emissions in real time according to the formula, realizing a dynamic carbon factor issuance mechanism.

[0029] As a further improvement to the above solution, the power generation side panel, the power transmission and distribution side panel, and the user side panel all support defining device attributes through a host computer; wherein, the power generation side attributes include power generation type, the power transmission and distribution side attributes include voltage level and node type, and the user side attributes include industry type.

[0030] This invention also provides a method for simulating end-to-end topology carbon metering, which is applied to any of the above-described simulation systems for simulating end-to-end topology carbon metering. The method includes the following steps:

[0031] (1) If there is on-site simulation data, it will be sent to each panel; otherwise, the current transformer ratio, power generation / consumption type and sensor type / data will be sent according to the user settings.

[0032] (2) Generate the full-link topology based on the settings;

[0033] (3) Calculate the power consumption of each node acquisition terminal through the topology, analyze the power flow and calculate the node carbon factor, and send it to the corresponding acquisition terminal;

[0034] (4) Each meter calculates the current node carbon emissions according to the formula based on the received electrical carbon factor:

[0035] Carbon emissions = Σ(Input branch carbon factor × Input branch electricity / Output branch total electricity).

[0036] Compared to existing carbon metering simulation systems, the electric carbon metering simulation system and method for simulating the entire carbon chain topology of this invention have the following advantages:

[0037] 1. This simulated full-link topology electricity carbon metering simulation system integrates a three-panel hardware architecture encompassing the generation, transmission and distribution, and user sides. It executes full-link topology modeling and a dynamic electricity carbon factor distribution mechanism to simulate the operation of the power system, calculate carbon emissions in real time, and improve data accuracy and timeliness. Furthermore, carbon metering simulation provides a more precise understanding of carbon emissions at different stages of power production, transmission, and consumption, offering a scientific basis for optimizing resource allocation and improving energy efficiency. This system solves the technical problems of existing carbon metering simulation systems, such as the inability to construct a full-link simulation model, large electricity carbon metering errors, and poor timeliness.

[0038] 2. This simulation system for carbon metering of the entire power grid integrates a three-panel hardware architecture of the generation side, transmission and distribution side and user side, and executes a full-link topology modeling and dynamic carbon factor distribution mechanism to establish a coupled simulation model of the multi-level power grid (220kV / 110kV / 35kV) of the power system, calculates the carbon emissions of nodes in real time, and significantly reduces the error of traditional static factor accounting.

[0039] 3. This simulated full-link topology carbon metering simulation system achieves millisecond-level response of voltage and current parameters through mid-range source control technology (multiple control boards independently adjust multiple meters) and Bluetooth parallel transmission mechanism, which can break through the bottleneck of traditional simulation time lag.

[0040] 4. This full-link topology simulation system for electricity carbon metering has a definable panel architecture that covers more than 90% of typical scenarios such as thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic, cement, and metallurgy. It also restores the carbon flow migration process of multi-level power grids through topology diagrams, providing high-fidelity scientific basis for energy dispatch decisions.

[0041] 5. The carbon metering simulation method for simulating the entire link topology has the same beneficial effects as the carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology described above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of the simulated full-link topology carbon metering simulation system of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The simulation flowchart of the carbon metering simulation system in the image.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The full-link topology diagram generated by the carbon metering simulation system in the middle.

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one type of carbon metering simulation system. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] Please see Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a simulation system for carbon metering based on a full-link topology. This system can simulate the operation of a power system by establishing a full-link simulation model. The hardware architecture of this simulation system includes a generation-side panel, a transmission and distribution-side panel, and a user-side panel. In this embodiment, the system also includes multiple control boards and multiple programmable controllers (PCCs). The system uses these control boards and PCCs to simulate and control the three side panels. As one implementation method, this embodiment includes 12 simulated carbon metering meters, 12 simulated carbon acquisition terminals, 12 LCD serial port screens, 4 PCCs, 4 sets of control boards, and a full-link topology carbon metering simulation software and device framework. In other embodiments, the electrical components are not limited to the aforementioned quantities.

[0049] Each panel includes multiple simulated carbon emission meters and multiple simulated carbon emission data acquisition terminals, with each terminal corresponding to one of the meters. The simulated carbon emission meters mimic the actual carbon emission meters on the corresponding side, measuring carbon emissions and displaying the carbon emission factor. The simulated carbon emission data acquisition terminals mimic the actual carbon emission data acquisition terminals on the corresponding side and collect the measured energy from the corresponding meters. In this embodiment, after receiving the node carbon emission factor from the system, the acquisition terminal can transmit it to the corresponding simulated carbon emission meter via Bluetooth. The meter updates its carbon emission display in real time according to a formula, realizing a dynamic carbon emission factor distribution mechanism.

[0050] In this embodiment, four control boards control four sets of programmable source (PCR) systems. Each PCR system independently provides voltage and current adjustment for three sets of simulated carbon metering meters and simulated carbon acquisition terminals. The carbon metering simulation software can set the acquisition transformer ratio for each carbon metering meter to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the overall power flow of the link. It can also perform more detailed control of the carbon flow node power flow of the entire link.

[0051] Multiple programmable generators are connected to multiple control boards, each of which independently provides voltage and current regulation for three sets of meters and a data acquisition terminal via its corresponding programmable generator. The meters can communicate with their corresponding control boards via Bluetooth, supporting the reception of 96 points of positive and negative active power data and 10 days of frozen data from the system. Adding this function allows for the import of real-world power data. Furthermore, since the on-site data acquisition task occupies the 485 communication port, using Bluetooth to transmit data enables parallel processing of acquisition and transmission, effectively saving simulation time and providing strong support for on-site data verification.

[0052] Please continue reading. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The system performs the following operations:

[0053] (1) If there is on-site simulation data, it will be sent to each panel; otherwise, the current transformer ratio, power generation / consumption type and sensor type / data will be sent according to the user settings.

[0054] (2) Generate the full-link topology based on the settings;

[0055] (3) Calculate the metering power of each node acquisition terminal through topology calculation, analyze the power flow and calculate the node carbon factor, and send it to the corresponding acquisition terminal;

[0056] (4) Each meter calculates the current node carbon emissions according to the formula based on the received electrical carbon factor:

[0057] Carbon emissions = Σ(Input branch carbon factor × Input branch electricity / Output branch total electricity).

[0058] In this way, the carbon emissions at the current node are calculated and displayed based on the measured electricity consumption. The above operations are performed using an algorithm within the electricity carbon metering simulation software, allowing the system to calculate carbon emissions in real time.

[0059] The power generation side panel, transmission and distribution side panel, and user side panel can all support defining device attributes through a host computer. Among them, the power generation side attributes include power generation type, the transmission and distribution side attributes include voltage level and node type, and the user side attributes include industry type. In this embodiment, the power generation side panel includes three sets of three-phase three-wire carbon meters plus three-phase three-wire carbon metering terminals / six serial port analog display devices. Each set of three-phase three-wire carbon meters defines the metering on the power generation side panel through the system as follows: (1) Determine the link level according to the voltage classification, which includes 220KV / 110KV / 35KV / 10KV; (2) Power generation type, including: thermal power / hydropower / wind power / photovoltaic power station / biomass energy power station / purchased electricity.

[0060] In addition, the user-side panel includes multiple serial port display devices (device 1) to simulate CEMS carbon sensor data from the power generation side, including concentration, flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity. The power generation-side panel also includes multiple serial port display devices (device 2) to simulate various sensor data from the user side, including coal weight, carbon content, calorific value, and carbon oxidation rate. Furthermore, both the power generation-side and user-side panels are equipped with three sets of meters and data acquisition terminals, while the transmission and distribution-side panel is equipped with six sets of meters and data acquisition terminals. All meters and data acquisition terminals are three-phase, three-wire devices.

[0061] The power transmission and distribution panel includes six sets of three-phase three-wire carbon meters and a three-phase three-wire carbon metering terminal, used to simulate substations and new energy grid-connected power stations at various nodes in the transmission line, distributed photovoltaic self-consumption power stations with surplus electricity fed into the grid, and purchased electricity input, etc. The transmission line levels (220KV / 110KV / 35KV / 10KV) can be defined via a host computer, and the attributes of each set of equipment (substation / purchased electricity, etc.) can be defined.

[0062] The user side panel includes three sets of three-phase three-wire carbon meters plus a three-phase three-wire carbon metering terminal and six analog serial port display devices. The serial port display devices can receive data from the host computer and their content can be defined to simulate data from various sensors. The three sets of three-phase three-wire carbon meters and the three-phase three-wire carbon metering terminal can be configured via the host computer to define user types such as high-energy-consuming and high-emission enterprises like power generation, petrochemicals, chemicals, building materials, steel, non-ferrous metals, papermaking, and domestic civil aviation.

[0063] In this embodiment, accurate measurement and accounting of carbon emissions across the entire power system is the foundation and prerequisite for supporting the low-carbon development of the power system. Therefore, the system also performs the following operations: based on topology simulation of the transfer flow of coupled carbon emissions in the power grid, and generates a virtual network flow representing the carbon emission maintenance relationship of branches according to the power flow; wherein: (a) carbon emissions flowing into a node are mixed and prioritized to meet local loads, and surplus carbon emissions flow to the next level with the power flow; (b) the carbon flow density of the outflow line from the node is equal to the carbon emission factor of the corresponding node; (c) iteratively calculate the electricity emission factor and carbon flow data of all nodes in the network to complete the electricity carbon metering simulation.

[0064] Specifically, based on the generated full-link topology map, the system measures power transmission while simultaneously causing the transfer and flow of coupled carbon emissions within the power grid. This is based on the virtual network flow formed by the existence of power flow and the carbon emissions used to maintain the power flow in any branch of the power system. All carbon emissions flowing into a node are mixed at the node, first satisfying the load of that node, and then flowing to the next level line with the outflow flow. The carbon flow density of the outflowing node is equal to the carbon emission factor of that node (after uniform mixing before flow). The carbon emission flow tracing method, through carbon flow tracing, can obtain the electricity emission factor and other carbon emission flow-related data of each node in the entire network, completing the full-link topology's electrical carbon metering simulation.

[0065] In some embodiments, based on user training requirements, the system sets the grid level of the three power meters + terminal on the generation side, the power generation type of the three power meters + terminal on the generation side, and the data to be simulated by the sensor simulation serial port screen, including but not limited to (gaseous pollutant monitoring sensors; particulate matter (dust) monitoring sensors; flue gas parameter monitoring sensors; carbon type used in power generation, etc.). Based on user training requirements, the system sets the grid level of the six power meters + terminal on the transmission and distribution side, and the power generation type of the six power meters + terminal on the transmission and distribution side. Based on user training requirements, the system sets the grid level of the three power meters + terminal on the user side, the power generation type of the three power meters + terminal on the user side, and the data to be simulated by the sensor simulation serial port screen (simulated coal weight, carbon content, calorific value, carbon oxidation rate, user industry type, etc.). The system generates a full-link topology diagram, generates a reasonable current transformer ratio based on user settings, and sends it to the corresponding power meters + terminals, controlling the power source to start the full-link carbon emission accurate measurement and accounting simulation.

[0066] In summary, compared with existing carbon metering simulation systems, the electric carbon metering simulation system simulating the entire link topology in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0067] 1. This simulated full-link topology electricity carbon metering simulation system integrates a three-panel hardware architecture encompassing the generation, transmission and distribution, and user sides. It executes full-link topology modeling and a dynamic electricity carbon factor distribution mechanism to simulate the operation of the power system, calculate carbon emissions in real time, and improve data accuracy and timeliness. Furthermore, carbon metering simulation provides a more precise understanding of carbon emissions at different stages of power production, transmission, and consumption, offering a scientific basis for optimizing resource allocation and improving energy efficiency. This system solves the technical problems of existing carbon metering simulation systems, such as the inability to construct a full-link simulation model, large electricity carbon metering errors, and poor timeliness.

[0068] 2. This simulation system for carbon metering of the entire power grid integrates a three-panel hardware architecture of the generation side, transmission and distribution side and user side, and executes a full-link topology modeling and dynamic carbon factor distribution mechanism to establish a coupled simulation model of the multi-level power grid (220kV / 110kV / 35kV) of the power system, calculates the carbon emissions of nodes in real time, and significantly reduces the error of traditional static factor accounting.

[0069] 3. This simulated full-link topology carbon metering simulation system achieves millisecond-level response of voltage and current parameters through mid-range source control technology (multiple control boards independently adjust multiple meters) and Bluetooth parallel transmission mechanism, which can break through the bottleneck of traditional simulation time lag.

[0070] 4. This full-link topology simulation system for electricity carbon metering has a definable panel architecture that covers more than 90% of typical scenarios such as thermal power, wind power, photovoltaic, cement, and metallurgy. It also restores the carbon flow migration process of multi-level power grids through topology diagrams, providing high-fidelity scientific basis for energy dispatch decisions.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for simulating the entire-link topology of carbon dioxide metering, which is applied to the carbon dioxide metering simulation system simulating the entire-link topology in Embodiment 1. This method can be implemented in software and specifically includes the following steps.

[0073] Step 1: If there is on-site data to be simulated, send it to each panel; otherwise, send the transformer ratio, power generation / consumption type, and sensor type / data according to the user settings. Here, it is necessary to first determine if there is on-site data to be simulated. If so, send the data to the 12 sets of simulated carbon meters and simulated carbon data acquisition terminals; otherwise, send the transformer ratio to the meters and terminals according to the settings.

[0074] Step 2: Generate the full-link topology based on the settings. After generating the topology, upgrade the programmable source, then simulate and collect data.

[0075] Step 3: Calculate the power consumption of each node's acquisition terminal through topology calculation, analyze the power flow, calculate the node's carbon factor, and send the data to the corresponding acquisition terminal.

[0076] Step 4: Each meter calculates the current node carbon emissions based on the received electrical carbon factor using the formula:

[0077] Carbon emissions = Σ(Input branch carbon factor × Input branch electricity / Output branch total electricity).

[0078] In this embodiment, based on the data acquisition tasks issued by the full-link topology carbon metering simulation software, the power consumption of the simulated carbon meter is collected periodically and transmitted to the carbon metering simulation software. The software calculates the power consumption of the simulated carbon acquisition terminal at each node through the topology, analyzes the power flow operation, calculates the carbon factor of each node, and then sends the carbon factor to the simulated carbon acquisition terminal. After receiving the factor, the simulated carbon acquisition terminal sends it to the simulated carbon meter. After receiving the carbon factor, the simulated carbon meter calculates the carbon emissions using a formula.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This embodiment provides an electric carbon metering simulation device. The device includes the electric carbon metering simulation system in Embodiment 1, and also includes a server, a communication gateway, a human-computer interaction device, a power supply and its switch, external devices, and other structures. These structures can use existing equipment to support the operation of the simulation system or output simulation results.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] This embodiment provides a computer terminal, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the simulated end-to-end topology carbon metering simulation method of Embodiment 2.

[0083] The method in Example 2 can be applied in software form, such as by designing it as a standalone program and installing it on a computer terminal, which can be a computer, smartphone, control system, or other IoT devices. The method in Example 1 can also be designed as an embedded program and installed on a computer terminal, such as on a microcontroller.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the simulated end-to-end topology carbon metering simulation method of Embodiment 2.

[0086] When applying the method of Example 2, it can be applied in the form of software, such as by designing it as a program that can run independently on a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be a USB flash drive, designed as a USB security token, and the program can be designed to start the entire method through an external trigger.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon metering simulation system simulating the entire supply chain topology, characterized in that, It includes generation-side panels, transmission and distribution-side panels, and user-side panels; each panel includes: Multiple simulated carbon meters are used to simulate the corresponding real carbon meters and measure carbon emissions and display carbon factors. Multiple simulated carbon dioxide collection terminals are used, each corresponding to a different meter, to simulate the actual carbon dioxide collection terminal on the corresponding side and to collect the electricity consumption of the corresponding meter. The system performs the following operations: (1) If there is on-site simulation data, it will be sent to each panel; otherwise, the current transformer ratio, power generation / consumption type and sensor type / data will be sent according to the user settings. (2) Generate the full-link topology based on the settings; (3) Calculate the power consumption of each node acquisition terminal through the topology, analyze the power flow and calculate the node carbon factor, and send it to the corresponding acquisition terminal; (4) Each meter calculates the current node carbon emissions according to the formula based on the received electrical carbon factor: Carbon emissions = Σ(Input branch carbon factor × Input branch electricity / Output branch total electricity).

2. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also performs the following operations: Based on the aforementioned topology, the transfer flow of coupled carbon emissions in the power grid is simulated, and a virtual network flow characterizing the carbon emission maintenance relationship of branches is generated according to the power flow; wherein: (a) After the carbon emissions flowing into the node are mixed, they will first meet the local load, and the surplus carbon emissions will flow to the next level with the tidal current. (b) The carbon flow density of the outflow line of a node is equal to the carbon emission factor of the corresponding node. (c) Iteratively calculate the electricity emission factors and carbon flow data of all network nodes to complete the electricity carbon metering simulation.

3. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system defines the meters on the power generation side panel as follows: (1) The link level is determined according to the voltage classification, which includes 220KV / 110KV / 35KV / 10KV; (2) Power generation types, including: thermal power / hydropower / wind power / photovoltaic power station / biomass energy power station / purchased power.

4. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The user-side panel also includes multiple serial port display devices, which are used to simulate the CEMS carbon sensor data on the power generation side, and the carbon sensor data includes concentration, flow rate, pressure, temperature, and humidity. The power generation side panel also includes multiple serial port display devices, which are used to simulate the sensor data of the user side, including coal weight, carbon content, calorific value and carbon oxidation rate.

5. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the power generation side panel and the user side panel are equipped with three sets of meters and data acquisition terminals, while the power transmission and distribution side panel is equipped with six sets of meters and data acquisition terminals; both the meters and the data acquisition terminals are three-phase three-wire devices.

6. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes multiple control boards and multiple programmable sources connected to the control boards. Each control board provides independent voltage and current regulation for the three sets of meters and the data acquisition terminal through the corresponding programmable source.

7. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The meter can communicate with the corresponding control board via Bluetooth and supports receiving 96 points of positive and negative active power data and 10 days of daily frozen data sent by the system.

8. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After receiving the node carbon factor issued by the system, the acquisition terminal transmits it to the corresponding simulated carbon meter via Bluetooth; the meter updates and displays the carbon emissions in real time according to the formula, realizing a dynamic carbon factor issuance mechanism.

9. The carbon metering simulation system for simulating the entire link topology as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power generation side panel, the power transmission and distribution side panel, and the user side panel all support defining device attributes via a host computer; wherein, the power generation side attributes include power generation type, the power transmission and distribution side attributes include voltage level and node type, and the user side attributes include industry type.

10. A method for simulating the entire link topology of carbon electrometry, characterized in that, It is applied to the electric carbon metering simulation system simulating the entire link topology as described in any one of claims 1-9, and the method includes the following steps: (1) If there is on-site simulation data, it will be sent to each panel; otherwise, the current transformer ratio, power generation / consumption type and sensor type / data will be sent according to the user settings. (2) Generate the full-link topology based on the settings; (3) Calculate the power consumption of each node acquisition terminal through the topology, analyze the power flow and calculate the node carbon factor, and send it to the corresponding acquisition terminal; (4) Each meter calculates the current node carbon emissions according to the formula based on the received electrical carbon factor: Carbon emissions = Σ(Input branch carbon factor × Input branch electricity / Output branch total electricity).

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