An ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture tool

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture tool in the field of medical auxiliary instrument, including carrier, hovering mechanism and control unit;Acquisition mechanism is provided in carrier, and one side of acquisition mechanism is provided with adjusting mechanism, and anesthesia injection mechanism is provided on adjusting mechanism;Resistance sensing mechanism and locking mechanism are provided in anesthesia injection mechanism, resistance sensing mechanism is used to real-time acquisition resistance that anesthesia injection mechanism is received during puncture process, locking mechanism is used to limit the advance of anesthesia injection mechanism;Control unit is used to compare resistance with preset resistance threshold value, based on comparison result, the operation of locking mechanism is controlled;And based on ultrasound image, the travel of anesthesia injection mechanism is identified, the tissue level that current anesthesia injection mechanism is located is judged, and preset resistance threshold value is adjusted to match current tissue level.The application can improve the safety of puncture, reduce the risk of mispuncture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of medical auxiliary devices, and particularly relates to an ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia technology is a precise anesthesia method based on real-time ultrasound imaging. By accurately guiding the puncture needle to the vicinity of the target nerve, local anesthesia effect is achieved. Compared with traditional blind puncture and nerve stimulation methods, this technology significantly improves the accuracy and safety of anesthesia and is widely used in surgical operations, pain management and regional anesthesia.

[0003] In clinical practice, ultrasound-guided technology visualizes the target nerve, blood vessels and surrounding tissue structures in real time, helping the operator to adjust the needle position, thereby reducing the occurrence of mis-stimulation and complications.

[0004] Current ultrasound-guided anesthesia systems highly depend on the experience and technical level of the operator. The operator needs to control the ultrasound probe and the puncture needle at the same time, and judge the position of the needle tip in the dynamic image. Due to the limited stability of hand operation, the needle tip is prone to deviation, increasing the risk of mis-stimulation of blood vessels, nerves or surrounding important tissues.

[0005] In the prior art, for example, the patent document CN120036888A describes an "ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture device" which combines nerve stimulation with ultrasound guidance, uses an electrode sheet to send electrical pulses to stimulate nerves, causing muscle contraction, thereby indirectly locating the nerve position. This method to some extent solves the problem of difficulty in identifying small nerves. However, it lacks effective protection against mis-stimulation protection structures such as puncture depth limit, automatic retraction, puncture path correction, etc. Once the puncture needle is mis-stimulated into the blood vessel or nerve, there is a lack of automatic identification and avoidance mechanism, which poses a high clinical risk.

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, there is an urgent need for a new directional puncture tool to improve the safety of operation, reduce the risk of mis-stimulation and meet the clinical demand for high safety and low mis-stimulation rate. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide an ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture tool which can improve the safety of puncture and reduce the risk of mis-stimulation.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0009] The utility model provides an ultrasonic guide peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture tool, including carrier, hovering mechanism and control unit, hovering mechanism is used for hovering carrier in arbitrary position, be provided with the acquisition mechanism for gathering ultrasonic image in carrier, the one side of acquisition mechanism is provided with adjusting mechanism, be provided with anesthesia injection mechanism on adjusting mechanism, adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the puncture angle of anesthesia injection mechanism, and anesthesia injection mechanism is used for the injection anesthetic and the stab in target area, be provided with resistance induction mechanism and locking mechanism in anesthesia injection mechanism, resistance induction mechanism is used for gathering the resistance size that anesthesia injection mechanism received in puncture process in real time, and locking mechanism is used for limiting the advance of anesthesia injection mechanism,

[0010] Control unit is used for comparing resistance size with preset resistance threshold value, and based on the comparison result, the operation of locking mechanism is controlled, and based on the ultrasonic image, the travel of anesthesia injection mechanism is identified, the current tissue level where anesthesia injection mechanism is located is judged, and the preset resistance threshold value is adjusted to match the current tissue level.

[0011] Working principle: through the help of hovering mechanism, the carrier is stopped above the puncture position, then the puncture direction and the puncture angle of anesthesia injection mechanism are adjusted using adjusting mechanism, then the anesthesia injection mechanism is advanced, and the anesthesia injection mechanism is stabbed into the subcutaneous tissue of patient, in this process, the travel of anesthesia injection mechanism is identified by control unit through ultrasonic image, and according to the current position of anesthesia injection mechanism, the tissue level where anesthesia injection mechanism is located is judged, and the preset resistance threshold value is adjusted to match the current tissue level at all times, then based on the comparison result of the resistance size that anesthesia injection mechanism is received in the current tissue level and the preset resistance threshold value, whether abnormal resistance appears is judged, if judging abnormal, the advance of anesthesia injection mechanism is limited by locking mechanism.

[0012] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1、 the utility model discloses, through the resistance induction mechanism real -time acquisition puncture resistance, combining the control unit preset tissue level matching threshold value, can accurately identify abnormal resistance (such as the resistance mutation when touching blood vessel, nerve or skeleton), and trigger locking mechanism and limit puncture advance, effectively avoid misstab important structure, reduce the complication risk such as blood vessel injury, nerve injury.

[0014] 2、The scheme, the control unit identifies the tissue level (such as subcutaneous fat, muscle, fascia, etc.) where the anesthetic injection mechanism is located based on the real-time ultrasound image, and dynamically adjusts the preset resistance threshold, so that the resistance judgment standard matches the mechanical properties of the current tissue. Different human tissues (such as fat, muscle, fascia, and blood vessel wall) have unique mechanical properties (elastic modulus, resistance coefficient, etc.), and the resistance change law during puncture is significantly different. For example, a lower threshold is used in loose connective tissue, and a higher sensitivity threshold is used near dense muscle or blood vessels to improve the accuracy of abnormal situation recognition.

[0015] 3、The scheme, the carrier is stably fixed at the puncture position by the hovering mechanism, reducing the operation error of manually holding the probe and the puncture needle; the adjusting mechanism automatically adjusts the puncture angle, combined with ultrasound image guidance, reducing the dependence on the experience of the operator, especially suitable for novices or complex anatomical sites (such as deep nerves and obese patients) puncture, and improving the success rate of blockage.

[0016] 4、The scheme, the puncture path is monitored in real time through the ultrasound image, combined with the double protection of resistance monitoring, forming a composite safety mechanism of "visualization + mechanical feedback". Compared with the traditional technology relying on single ultrasound or nerve stimulator, the scheme provides physical protection through the mechanical locking mechanism, further reducing the risk caused by human operation errors.

[0017] Further, the acquisition mechanism includes a plurality of ultrasound probes, the ultrasound beams emitted by the ultrasound probes are parallel to each other, the ultrasound image collected by the ultrasound probe for collecting the running condition of the anesthetic injection mechanism is recorded as the main image, and the ultrasound images collected by the remaining ultrasound probes are recorded as the auxiliary images; the control unit is also used to judge whether the anesthetic injection mechanism deviates from the ultrasound beam plane in combination with the main image and the auxiliary image, when the running condition of the anesthetic injection mechanism in the main image does not change, and the anesthetic injection mechanism appears in any one of the auxiliary images, it is judged that the anesthetic injection mechanism deviates from the ultrasound beam plane, and the locking mechanism is controlled to run.

[0018] Beneficial effect: The main and auxiliary images are collected by the multiple parallel beam plane ultrasound probes, which can monitor the spatial position of the anesthetic injection mechanism from different dimensions. When the puncture needle does not change in the main image (indicating that it is not moving in the main plane), and the needle body image appears in the auxiliary image, it indicates that the puncture needle has deviated from the preset ultrasound beam plane (such as tilting to the side), the control unit can immediately trigger the lock to avoid the deviation of the puncture path caused by the out-of-plane deviation (such as mistakenly stimulating the adjacent non-target tissue), and improve the spatial positioning accuracy.

[0019] Traditional single-probe ultrasound can only display two-dimensional planar images, making it difficult to determine the deviation of the puncture needle in the direction perpendicular to the sound beam plane (i.e., "out-of-plane" error), while the multi-probe parallel sound beam design can capture out-of-plane displacement through the sub-image, forming a monitoring effect similar to "stereoscopic imaging". For example, when the puncture needle deviates to the side due to tissue resistance or mechanical shaking, the appearance of the needle body visualization in the sub-image can serve as a clear deviation signal, solving the problem of insufficient spatial position judgment of single-plane ultrasound.

[0020] Further, the control unit is also used to, when an ultrasound artifact appears in the main image, recombine and fit the ultrasound artifact area in the main image in combination with the sub-image, cut the area in each sub-image that coincides with the ultrasound artifact, deduce and fit the area image covered by the ultrasound artifact based on each cut image, and cover the ultrasound artifact area in the main image.

[0021] Beneficial effects: when the main image appears artifacts (such as acoustic shadowing, ringing artifacts) due to gas, bone shielding or tissue interface reflection, the control unit cuts the area in the sub-image that coincides with the artifact, uses multi-planar image information to deduce and fit the true anatomical structure (such as the continuity of nerves and blood vessels) of the covered area, and replaces the artifact part in the main image. This mechanism avoids the display loss or distortion of the target structure caused by artifacts, ensures the accuracy of the visualization of the path of the anesthesia injection mechanism, and reduces the deviation caused by image blur.

[0022] The sound beam planes of the sub-image and the main image are parallel to each other, which can provide complementary information of adjacent anatomical levels. For example, when the blood vessel in the main image is interrupted due to gas artifacts, the sub-image may display the running of the blood vessel completely, and through recombination and fitting, the continuity of the blood vessel in the main image can be restored, helping the control unit to accurately determine the relative position of the anesthesia injection mechanism and the blood vessel, and avoiding the risk of mis-stimulation. This multi-planar information fusion enhances the spatial integrity of the image, and is especially suitable for areas such as the abdomen and the neck that are easily affected by gas interference.

[0023] Further, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting groove opened on one side of the carrier, a slide rail is opened in the side wall of the adjusting groove, a turntable is slidingly connected in the slide rail, the turntable is rotationally connected with the anesthesia injection mechanism, and the anesthesia injection mechanism is slidingly fitted with the side wall of the adjusting groove.

[0024] Beneficial effects: the sliding connection of the slide rail and the turntable provides rigid guidance, avoiding shaking or deviation during manual adjustment; the side wall of the adjusting groove limits the sliding of the anesthesia injection mechanism, further constraining the puncture direction, and ensuring that the needle tip always moves along the preset plane during the adjustment process. Compared with the traditional flexible adjusting structure (such as a universal joint), this design can reduce the angle error caused by mechanical clearance and improve the repeatability of the puncture angle.

[0025] Further, the anesthetic injection mechanism comprises a first push member, one side of the first push member is rotationally connected with the rotating table, a second push member is slidably arranged in the first push member, a puncture needle is slidably arranged in the second push member, and a buffer groove is arranged between the puncture needle and the second push member. When the second push member moves, the second push member extrudes the air in the buffer groove, thereby driving the puncture needle to puncture.

[0026] Beneficial effects: the air in the buffer groove forms a pneumatic damping, when the second push member moves, the puncture needle is indirectly pushed forward by extruding the air, which can buffer the impact force in the initial stage of puncture, and avoid the needle tip from suddenly penetrating too deep (such as penetrating the blood vessel wall or nerve sheath) caused by traditional rigid propulsion.

[0027] Further, the resistance sensing mechanism comprises a sensing groove arranged in the first push member, the sensing groove is communicated with the buffer groove, a sensing plate is slidably arranged in the sensing groove, and an elastic member is arranged between the sensing plate and the side wall of the sensing groove; a distance acquisition unit is arranged between the sensing plate and the side wall of the buffer groove, the distance acquisition unit is used for acquiring the displacement of the sensing plate, and the distance acquisition unit is electrically connected with the control unit.

[0028] Beneficial effects: the buffer groove is communicated with the sensing groove, the puncture resistance is conducted to the air in the buffer groove through the puncture needle, thereby driving the sensing plate to compress the elastic member to generate displacement. The distance acquisition unit converts the mechanical displacement into an electrical signal, realizing indirect quantitative monitoring of the resistance. Compared with the sensor directly installed on the needle tip, this design avoids the interference of the sensor on the sharpness of the needle tip and the ultrasonic image, and amplifies the small resistance change (such as the sudden drop of resistance when penetrating the fascia layer) through the deformation of the elastic member, thereby improving the monitoring sensitivity in the low resistance range.

[0029] Further, the locking mechanism comprises a restraint groove arranged in the first push member, the second push member penetrates the restraint groove, a plurality of tapered clamping blocks are arranged along the outer side of the second push member in the restraint groove, the tapered clamping blocks are fixedly connected with the restraint groove, one end of each tapered clamping block is provided with an outer taper surface, the restraint groove is provided with a tapered sleeve near one end of the outer taper surface, the inner side of the tapered sleeve is slidably connected with the second push member, the outer side of the tapered sleeve is threadedly connected with the side wall of the restraint groove, the tapered sleeve is provided with an inner taper surface near one end of the outer taper surface, the inner taper surface is slidably connected with the outer taper surface, and the outer side of the tapered sleeve is further connected with a power mechanism in transmission, the power mechanism is used for driving the tapered sleeve to rotate; when the tapered sleeve moves towards the tapered clamping blocks, the tapered clamping blocks gradually close inward to clamp; when the tapered sleeve moves away from the tapered clamping blocks, the tapered clamping blocks relax outward.

[0030] Beneficial effects: the conical sleeve moves in the restraint groove through threaded cooperation, the inner conical surface of the conical sleeve and the outer conical surface of the conical clamp block are in sliding cooperation, forming a wedge effect: when the conical sleeve advances towards the clamp block, the inner conical surface extrudes the outer conical surface, forcing the circumferentially distributed clamp blocks to fold inward, tightly clamping the second injection member, and limiting its axial movement through friction. The structure has rapid locking response, and the clamping force linearly increases with the feed amount of the conical sleeve, and the locking strength can be adjusted according to the degree of abnormal resistance (such as partial clamping for slight abnormality and complete locking for severe abnormality).

[0031] Further, it further comprises an adaptive safety buffer mechanism, which is used to communicate the buffer groove with the outside when abnormal resistance occurs.

[0032] Beneficial effects: when the resistance sensing mechanism detects abnormal resistance (such as touching blood vessels, nerves or bones), the adaptive safety buffer mechanism quickly communicates the buffer groove with the outside, releases the compressed air in the groove, so that the puncture needle loses the advancing power and naturally retracts (or stops advancing) due to the tissue reaction force. This mechanism provides a rapid response of "pneumatic pressure relief" before the physical clamping of the locking mechanism, forming a "resistance monitoring → pneumatic buffering → mechanical locking" two-level protection, especially suitable for high resistance mutation scenes (such as the needle tip instantaneously touching the bone), which can reduce the puncture impact force to the minimum.

[0033] Further, the adaptive safety buffer mechanism comprises a lifting groove opened on one side of the sensing groove, a isolation plate is slidingly fitted in the lifting groove, the side surface of the isolation plate is slidingly fitted with one end of the sensing plate, a release channel is opened in the isolation plate, and the release channel is in communication with the sensing groove and the outside at both ends; one end of the isolation plate is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the isolation plate to lift to adjust the position of the release channel, the position of the release channel is different when the puncture needle is in different tissue layers, and when the puncture needle is subjected to abnormal resistance, the sensing plate passes through the release channel, and the release channel is in communication with the buffer groove.

[0034] Beneficial effects: the isolation plate is lifted by the driving mechanism, so that the position of the release channel is dynamically adjusted according to the tissue layer where the puncture needle is located (such as a lower position in the subcutaneous fat layer and a higher position in the muscle layer). When the puncture resistance is abnormal, the sensing plate is displaced due to the air pressure of the buffer groove, and only after passing through the release channel position corresponding to the current tissue layer, the buffer groove is in communication with the outside to release pressure. This design binds the pressure relief threshold and the depth of the mechanical properties of the tissue (such as a small displacement of the sensing plate triggering pressure relief in loose tissue, and a larger displacement in dense tissue), avoiding false pressure relief or delay caused by a single threshold, and improving the tissue specificity of the buffer response.

[0035] The on-off of the release channel is realized by mechanical sliding cooperation of the sensing plate and the isolation plate: abnormal resistance pushes the sensing plate to displace, when the edge of the sensing plate slides through the entrance of the release channel, compressed air in the buffer groove is immediately discharged through the channel without the need for electrical control signal transfer. It is superior to electrical control elements such as solenoid valves, and is not affected by electromagnetic interference, especially suitable for operating room scenes with complex electromagnetic environment, ensuring the reliability of the buffer in extreme cases.

[0036] Further, the distance acquisition unit comprises a pair of polar plates fixedly connected with the sensing plate and the inner wall of the sensing groove respectively, and the pair of polar plates form a parallel plate capacitor, which is electrically connected with the control unit.

[0037] Beneficial effects: the capacitance value of the parallel plate capacitor has a linear relationship with the distance between the polar plates (C=εS / d), when the sensing plate displaces due to the change of the air pressure in the buffer groove, the change of the capacitance value caused by the change of the distance between the polar plates allows the control unit to accurately calculate the displacement by detecting the change of the capacitance. The change of the capacitance is directly determined by the distance between the polar plates, and the response time is only affected by the mechanical inertia of the sensing plate (usually <1ms), which can capture the instantaneous resistance fluctuation in the puncture process (such as the "breakthrough feeling" when the needle tip passes through the fascia layer). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the tool for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture.

[0039] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 The front view of the carrier.

[0040] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 The internal structure schematic diagram of the adjusting groove in the carrier.

[0041] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 The internal structure schematic diagram of the first push injection member in the carrier.

[0042] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The local enlarged schematic diagram of M in the carrier.

[0043] The reference signs in the drawings of the specification include: 1, cantilever support; 2, carrier; 3, first push injection member; 4, adjusting groove; 5, ultrasonic probe; 301, second push injection member; 302, buffer groove; 303, puncture needle; 304, restraint groove; 305, conical clamping block; 306, conical sleeve; 307, gear; 308, first driving member; 309, second driving member; 310, lead screw; 311, isolation plate; 312, sensing groove; 313, sensing plate; 314, release channel; 401, sliding rail; 402, rotary table. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "vertical", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0046] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installation", "connection" and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components. They can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0047] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0048] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figures 1-5 The image shows a tool for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthesia directional puncture, mainly comprising a carrier 2, a suspension mechanism, and a control unit. The suspension mechanism uses a cantilever support 1 structure, which is installed on one side of the bed. In some other embodiments, the suspension mechanism can also use a multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm to stably suspend the carrier 2 at any position above the patient's puncture site. The carrier 2 contains an acquisition mechanism for acquiring ultrasound images. Specifically, the acquisition mechanism includes several ultrasound probes 5. In this embodiment, a total of three sets of ultrasound probes 5 are provided, arranged side-by-side within the carrier 2. The output ends of the ultrasound probes 5 are located outside the carrier 2, and the ultrasound beams emitted by the ultrasound probes 5 are parallel to each other.

[0049] An adjustment mechanism is provided on one side of the ultrasonic probe 5. Specifically, refer to the attached document. Figure 1 and attached Figure 3As shown, the adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting groove 4 opened on one side of the carrier 2, a slide rail 401 is opened in the side wall of the adjusting groove 4, a rotary table 402 is slidably connected in the slide rail 401, and an anesthetic injection mechanism is rotatably connected on the rotary table 402. The ultrasound image collected by the ultrasonic probe 5 for collecting the running condition of the anesthetic injection mechanism is recorded as a main image, and the ultrasound images collected by the remaining ultrasonic probes 5 are recorded as auxiliary images. Specifically, in this embodiment, the image collected by the ultrasonic probe 5 located in the middle position is recorded as the main image, and the images collected by the ultrasonic probes 5 located on both sides are recorded as the auxiliary images.

[0050] Specifically, the anesthetic injection mechanism includes a first push member 3, one side of the first push member 3 is rotatably connected with the rotary table 402, preferably, the first push member 3 is a cylindrical structure, a through groove is opened at the axis of the first push member 3, a second push member 301 is slidably connected in the through groove, a hollow groove is opened in the second push member 301, a puncture needle 303 is slidably connected in the hollow groove, and a buffer groove 302 is arranged between the puncture needle 303 and the second push member 301. Figure 4 As shown, the buffer groove 302 is opened at the bottom of the second push member 301, the buffer groove 302 and the hollow groove are in communication with each other and form a "convex" structure, that is, the diameter of the buffer groove 302 is greater than that of the hollow groove, and the puncture needle 303 and the second push member 301 form a sealed structure around the buffer groove 302. When the second push member 301 moves, the second push member 301 extrudes the air in the buffer groove 302, thereby driving the puncture needle 303 to puncture, thereby realizing pneumatic transmission. The puncture needle 303 is used to pierce into the target area and inject anesthetic.

[0051] It also includes a resistance sensing mechanism and a locking mechanism, the resistance sensing mechanism is used for real-time collection of the resistance of the puncture needle 303 in the puncture process, specifically, combined with the drawings Figure 5 As shown, the resistance sensing mechanism includes a sensing groove 312 opened in the first push member 3, the bottom of the sensing groove 312 is communicated with the buffer groove 302 through a conduit, a sensing plate 313 is slidably connected in the sensing groove 312, and an elastic element is arranged between the top of the sensing plate 313 and the top wall of the sensing groove 312. In this embodiment, the elastic element is a V-shaped metal sheet, and in some other embodiments, a spring can also be used. A distance acquisition unit is arranged between the sensing plate 313 and the side wall of the buffer groove 302, the distance acquisition unit is used for collecting the displacement of the sensing plate 313, and the distance acquisition unit is electrically connected with the control unit. Specifically, the distance acquisition unit includes a pair of electrode plates (not shown in the figure), the pair of electrode plates are respectively welded and fixed with the sensing plate 313 and the inner wall of the sensing groove 312, the pair of electrode plates form a parallel plate capacitor, and the parallel plate capacitor is electrically connected with the control unit.

[0052] The locking mechanism is used for limiting the advancement of the anesthetic injection mechanism, specifically, combined with the drawings Figure 4As shown, the locking mechanism comprises a restraint groove 304 provided in the first push member 3, the second push member 301 penetrates the center of the restraint groove 304, a plurality of tapered clamping blocks 305 are provided on the outer side of the second push member 301 along the circumference of the restraint groove 304, preferably, the inner side of the tapered clamping block 305 is an arc surface matched with the outer side of the second push member 301, the bottom of the tapered clamping block 305 is welded and fixed with the bottom wall of the restraint groove 304, the tapered clamping block 305 has a certain elasticity and can displace radially along the second push member 301. The top of the tapered clamping block 305 is provided with an outer taper surface, the restraint groove 304 is provided with a tapered sleeve 306 near one end of the outer taper surface, the inner side of the tapered sleeve 306 is in sliding fit with the second push member 301, the outer side of the tapered sleeve 306 is in threaded fit with the side wall of the restraint groove 304, preferably, the side wall of the restraint groove 304 is provided with an internal thread, the outer side of the tapered sleeve 306 is engraved with an external thread, the threaded fit is achieved through the internal and external threads, so as to convert the rotary motion of the tapered sleeve 306 into linear motion. The tapered sleeve 306 is provided with an inner taper surface near one end of the outer taper surface, the inner taper surface and the outer taper surface are in sliding fit with each other, the top of the tapered sleeve 306 is provided with a gear slot on the outer side, the gear slot is drivingly connected with a power mechanism, the power mechanism is used to drive the rotation of the tapered sleeve 306, preferably, the power mechanism comprises a first driving member 308, the first driving member 308 is a servo motor, the output shaft of the first driving member 308 is provided with a gear 307 in the axial direction, the gear 307 is in key connection with the output shaft of the first driving member 308, the gear 307 is in meshing engagement with the gear slot on the top of the tapered sleeve 306; when the tapered sleeve 306 moves towards the tapered clamping block 305, i.e. the tapered sleeve 306 moves downward in this embodiment, the tapered clamping block 305 gradually closes inward and clamps, when the tapered sleeve 306 moves away from the tapered clamping block 305, i.e. the tapered sleeve 306 moves upward, the tapered clamping block 305 expands outward.

[0053] Further comprising an adaptive safety buffer mechanism, the adaptive safety buffer mechanism is used to communicate the buffer groove 302 with the outside when abnormal resistance occurs.

[0054] Specifically, combined with the accompanying drawings Figure 5As shown, the adaptive safety buffer mechanism comprises a lifting groove opened on one side of the induction groove 312, a isolation plate 311 is slidingly fitted in the lifting groove, the side surface of the isolation plate 311 is slidingly fitted with one end of the induction plate 313, a release channel 314 is opened in the isolation plate 311, and the two ends of the release channel 314 are respectively communicated with the induction groove 312 and the outside; one end of the isolation plate 311 is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used for driving the isolation plate 311 to lift to adjust the position of the release channel 314, preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a second driving member 309 and a lead screw 310, the output shaft of the second driving member 309 is coaxially fixedly connected with the lead screw 310 through a shaft coupling, a spiral groove is opened in the isolation plate 311, and the lead screw 310 is threadedly matched with the spiral groove. Different tissue layers where the puncture needle 303 is located correspond to different positions of the release channel 314, and when the puncture needle 303 receives an abnormal resistance, the induction plate 313 passes through the release channel 314, and the release channel 314 is communicated with the buffer groove 302.

[0055] The control unit is used for comparing the resistance with a preset resistance threshold value, controlling the operation of the first driving member 308 based on the comparison result, identifying the advancing condition of the anesthetic injection mechanism (i.e. the puncture needle 303) based on the ultrasonic images (the main image and the auxiliary images), judging the tissue layer where the current anesthetic injection mechanism (i.e. the puncture needle 303) is located, and adjusting the preset resistance threshold value to match the current tissue layer.

[0056] The control unit is also used for judging whether the puncture needle 303 deviates from the ultrasonic beam plane (the plane shown in the main image) in combination with the main image and the auxiliary images, and controlling the locking mechanism to operate to limit the advancement of the puncture needle 303 when the advancing condition of the puncture needle 303 in the main image does not change and the puncture needle 303 appears in any one of the auxiliary images.

[0057] The control unit is also used for recombining and fitting the ultrasonic artifact region in the main image in combination with the auxiliary images when the ultrasonic artifact appears in the main image, cutting the region coinciding with the ultrasonic artifact in each auxiliary image, deducing the region image covered by the ultrasonic artifact based on each cut image, covering the region image to the ultrasonic artifact region in the main image, forming a new main image after splicing, and highlighting the fitted region in the new main image to prompt medical staff.

[0058] Preferably, the display screen and the alarm unit (a buzzer and an LED flickering lamp) are further included, the display screen is used for interacting with medical staff and displaying all images to the medical staff, and the alarm unit is used for sending an alarm signal (an audible and visual signal) to the medical staff when the puncture needle 303 deviates or an abnormal resistance appears.

[0059] The specific implementation process is as follows: by dragging the carrier 2, the cantilever support 1 is adjusted to make the carrier 2 hover above the puncture area of the patient (such as the middle of the thigh sciatic nerve block area), and the three groups of probes scan the skin surface; the main image displays the target area in the center, and the sub-images synchronously display the 1 cm planes on both sides; the control unit automatically identifies the boundaries of tissues such as skin, fat and muscle, and the display screen displays the layered results in real time.

[0060] The medical staff observes the main image through the display screen, manually fine-tunes the position of the carrier 2, and makes the target nerve (such as the sciatic nerve) located in the center of the main image. After the medical staff determines the puncture angle and puncture path, the second push injection member 301 is pushed to perform puncture. The bottom of the second push injection member 301 extrudes the air in the buffer groove 302, and the air in the buffer groove 302 forms a pneumatic damping to buffer the impact force in the initial stage of puncture, avoiding the needle tip suddenly penetrating too deep. During the puncture process, the resistance is conducted to the air in the buffer groove 302 through the puncture needle 303, and the inductive plate 313 is pushed to compress the elastic member to generate displacement. The distance between the plates of the distance acquisition unit (parallel plate capacitor) changes due to the displacement of the inductive plate 313, resulting in a change in the capacitance value. The control unit accurately calculates the displacement of the inductive plate 313 by detecting the capacitance change, thereby indirectly quantitatively monitoring the puncture resistance.

[0061] The two sub-images continue to scan. If the puncture needle 303 deviates to the side due to tissue resistance, causing the needle body image to appear in the sub-image, the control unit immediately issues an audible and visual alarm and controls the locking mechanism to operate. The first driving member 308 of the locking mechanism drives the conical sleeve 306 to rotate. Since the conical sleeve 306 is in threaded cooperation with the side wall of the restraint groove 304, the conical sleeve 306 moves towards the conical clamp block 305, and the conical clamp block 305 gradually closes inward to clamp the second push injection member 301, thereby limiting its axial movement through friction, avoiding deviation of the puncture path due to out-of-plane deviation (waiting for manual confirmation or correction).

[0062] When an ultrasound artifact appears in the main image, the control unit recombines and fits the ultrasound artifact area in the main image in combination with the sub-images. The overlapping areas in each sub-image are cut, and the area image covered by the ultrasound artifact is derived based on each cut image and is overlaid in the ultrasound artifact area in the main image, ensuring the visualization accuracy of the travel path of the anesthesia injection mechanism.

[0063] Abnormal resistance detection stage:

[0064] The control unit compares the real-time collected resistance with the preset resistance threshold value, and if it is determined that an abnormal resistance occurs, i.e., the resistance currently borne by the puncture needle 303 (for example, the needle head of the puncture needle 303 is currently in the fat area) is greater than the preset resistance threshold value (the preset resistance threshold value of the fat area), the control of the power mechanism of the locking mechanism drives the conical sleeve 306 to rotate, and the conical sleeve 306 moves towards the conical clamp block 305, and the conical clamp block 305 gradually closes inward to clamp the second push injection member 301, thereby limiting the axial movement of the second push injection member 301 through friction and limiting the advancement of the anesthetic injection mechanism.

[0065] At the same time, the induction plate 313 is displaced due to the air pressure pushing of the buffer groove 302. The puncture needle 303 is in different tissue layers, and the position of the release channel 314 is different (adjusted by driving the lifting of the isolation plate 311), and whenever the puncture needle 303 enters a new tissue layer, the control unit dynamically adjusts the preset resistance threshold value (for example, when the needle head of the puncture needle 303 enters the muscle area from the fat, the preset resistance threshold value is switched from A to B), and at the same time controls the driving mechanism to adjust the lifting of the isolation plate 311, when the induction plate 313 passes the position of the release channel 314 corresponding to the current tissue layer, the release channel 314 is in communication with the buffer groove 302, the buffer groove 302 is in communication with the outside, the compressed air in the release groove makes the puncture needle 303 lose the driving force and naturally retract (or stop advancing) due to the tissue counterforce, forming a quick response of "pneumatic pressure release", further limiting the advancement of the puncture needle 303, forming a "resistance monitoring → pneumatic buffer → mechanical locking" secondary protection.

[0066] When the puncture needle 303 accurately penetrates the target area and there is no abnormal situation, continue to advance the second push injection member 301, so that the puncture needle 303 reaches the appropriate depth, and the anesthetic is injected into the target area. After the injection is completed, the puncture needle 303 is slowly withdrawn, and the patient's condition is observed to ensure that no complications occur.

[0067] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the well-known specific structures and / or characteristics in the scheme are not described in detail. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the patent. The protection scope claimed in this application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation mode and the like recorded in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anaesthesia directional puncture tool, comprising a carrier (2), a hovering mechanism and a control unit, the hovering mechanism being used to hover the carrier (2) at an arbitrary position; characterized in that: The carrier (2) is provided with a collecting mechanism for collecting ultrasonic images, one side of the collecting mechanism is provided with an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is provided with an anesthetic injection mechanism, the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the puncture angle of the anesthetic injection mechanism, and the anesthetic injection mechanism is used for penetrating into a target area and injecting an anesthetic; the anesthetic injection mechanism is provided with a resistance sensing mechanism and a locking mechanism, the resistance sensing mechanism is used for collecting the resistance of the anesthetic injection mechanism in real time during puncture, and the locking mechanism is used for limiting the advancement of the anesthetic injection mechanism; The control unit is used for comparing the resistance with a preset resistance threshold, controlling the operation of the locking mechanism based on the comparison result, identifying the advancement of the anesthetic injection mechanism based on the ultrasonic image, judging the current tissue level of the anesthetic injection mechanism, and adjusting the preset resistance threshold to match the current tissue level; The anesthetic injection mechanism comprises a first injection member (3), the first injection member (3) is slidably connected with a second injection member (301) in the first injection member (3), the second injection member (301) is slidably connected with a puncture needle (303) in the second injection member (301), and a buffer groove (302) is arranged between the puncture needle (303) and the second injection member (301). When the second injection member (301) moves, the second injection member (301) extrudes the air in the buffer groove (302), and then drives the puncture needle (303) to puncture. The resistance sensing mechanism comprises a sensing groove (312) formed in the first injection member (3), the sensing groove (312) is communicated with the buffer groove (302), a sensing plate (313) is slidably connected in the sensing groove (312), and an elastic member is arranged between the sensing plate (313) and the side wall of the sensing groove (312). A distance collecting unit is arranged between the sensing plate (313) and the side wall of the buffer groove (302), the distance collecting unit is used for collecting the displacement of the sensing plate (313), and the distance collecting unit is electrically connected with the control unit.

2. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism comprises a plurality of ultrasonic probes (5), the ultrasonic beams emitted by the ultrasonic probes (5) are parallel to each other, the ultrasonic image collected by the ultrasonic probe (5) for collecting the advancement of the anesthetic injection mechanism is recorded as a main image, and the ultrasonic images collected by the remaining ultrasonic probes (5) are recorded as auxiliary images; the control unit is further used for judging whether the anesthetic injection mechanism deviates from the ultrasonic beam plane in combination with the main image and the auxiliary images, and controlling the operation of the locking mechanism when the anesthetic injection mechanism deviates from the ultrasonic beam plane.

3. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control unit is further used for recombining and fitting the ultrasonic artifact region in the main image in combination with the auxiliary images when the ultrasonic artifact appears in the main image, cutting the overlapping regions in each auxiliary image, deducing and fitting the region image covered by the ultrasonic artifact based on each cut image, and covering the region image into the ultrasonic artifact region in the main image.

4. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting groove (4) formed in one side of the carrier (2), a sliding rail (401) is formed in the side wall of the adjusting groove (4), a turntable (402) is slidably connected in the sliding rail (401), the turntable (402) is rotationally connected with the anesthetic injection mechanism, and the anesthetic injection mechanism is slidably connected with the side wall of the adjusting groove (4).

5. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first push injection member (3) is rotationally connected to the rotary table (402).

6. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking mechanism comprises a restraint groove (304) formed in the first push injection member (3), the second push injection member (301) penetrates the restraint groove (304), a plurality of tapered clamping blocks (305) are arranged on the outer side of the second push injection member (301) in the restraint groove (304), the tapered clamping blocks (305) are fixedly connected with the restraint groove (304), each of the tapered clamping blocks (305) is provided with an outer taper surface at one end, the restraint groove (304) is provided with a tapered sleeve (306) at the end close to the outer taper surface, the inner side of the tapered sleeve (306) is in sliding fit with the second push injection member (301), the outer side of the tapered sleeve (306) is in threaded fit with the side wall of the restraint groove (304), the tapered sleeve (306) is provided with an inner taper surface at the end close to the outer taper surface, the inner taper surface is in sliding fit with the outer taper surface, and the outer side of the tapered sleeve (306) is further transmissionally connected with a power mechanism, the power mechanism is used to drive the tapered sleeve (306) to rotate; when the tapered sleeve (306) moves towards the tapered clamping blocks (305), the tapered clamping blocks (305) gradually contract inward and clamp; when the tapered sleeve (306) moves away from the tapered clamping blocks (305), the tapered clamping blocks (305) expand outward.

7. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive safety buffer mechanism is used for buffering the buffer groove (302) and the outside when abnormal resistance occurs.

8. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adaptive safety buffer mechanism comprises a lifting groove formed on one side of the induction groove (312), the lifting groove is in sliding fit with an isolation plate (311), the side surface of the isolation plate (311) is in sliding fit with one end of an induction plate (313), the isolation plate (311) is provided with a release channel (314), and the release channel (314) is in communication with the induction groove (312) and the outside at two ends; one end of the isolation plate (311) is provided with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is used to drive the isolation plate (311) to lift to adjust the position of the release channel (314), the position of the release channel (314) is different when the tissue level where the puncture needle (303) is located is different, and when the puncture needle (303) is subjected to abnormal resistance, the induction plate (313) passes through the release channel (314), and the release channel (314) is in communication with the buffer groove (302).

9. The ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block anesthetization directional puncture tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distance acquisition unit comprises a pair of polar plates, the pair of polar plates are fixedly connected with the induction plate (313) and the inner wall of the induction groove (312) respectively, the pair of polar plates constitute a parallel plate capacitor, and the parallel plate capacitor is electrically connected with the control unit.

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