Mealworm sand-containing mutton sheep concentrate formula and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mutton sheep concentrate formula containing tenebrio molitor sand and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of livestock feeds, the formula is composed of corn, tenebrio molitor sand, soybean meal, bran, a premix, salt, baking soda and a desensitizer, the addition amount of the tenebrio molitor sand is 8-22%, and the tenebrio molitor sand is used for partially or completely replacing the soybean meal as a protein and mineral source. The ratio of the tenebrio molitor sand to the soybean meal is adjusted according to different physiological stages of the mutton sheep, and the formula is scientific and reasonable. Test results show that the weight change, reproductive performance, ewe weaning weight and lamb birth and weaning weight of the mutton sheep fed with the supplementary feed have no significant difference from those of the mutton sheep fed with a traditional soybean meal formula, and the feed cost is averagely reduced by 25-35 yuan per hundred jin. The aims of reducing the feeding cost and guaranteeing the stable production performance of the mutton sheep are achieved, meanwhile, by-products are bred through the tenebrio molitor, the comprehensive benefits of nutrition supplement, micro-ecological regulation and control and green circulating breeding are achieved, and the method is suitable for being popularized in large-scale and family breeding.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of livestock feed, in particular to a kind of meat sheep concentrate formula containing tenebrio sand and preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing process of meat sheep breeding, the concentrate supplement is generally made of corn, soybean meal, bran and other food crops as main raw materials. Although this formula can meet the basic nutritional needs of sheep growth and development and reproduction, the price of its raw materials is greatly affected by market fluctuations, resulting in high feed costs, especially for small and medium-sized breeders, breeding efficiency is severely restricted.

[0003] On the other hand, the lack of scientific nutrition ratio control in the traditional feed preparation process can easily cause unbalanced nutrition of protein, energy and minerals (such as calcium and phosphorus). Such nutritional imbalance can cause slow growth, decreased reproductive performance and pica in meat sheep, thus affecting breeding efficiency and sustainable development.

[0004] In recent years, with the promotion of ecological breeding and green agricultural concept, exploring low-cost and high-efficiency feed replacement resources has become a research focus. Tenebrio sand, as a by-product of tenebrio breeding, contains rich crude protein and minerals, and has certain beneficial microbial community, which can improve rumen environment. Existing research shows that tenebrio sand has good application prospect in part of livestock and poultry feed, but there is still lack of effective scheme for its systematic application and formula optimization in meat sheep concentrate supplement. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the above problems, and provide a kind of meat sheep concentrate formula containing tenebrio sand and preparation method thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a kind of meat sheep concentrate formula containing tenebrio sand, the formula includes the following raw materials by weight percentage: corn 50-62%, tenebrio sand 0-22%, soybean meal 0-22%, bran 15%, premix 2-3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0007] Preferably, the tenebrio sand is used to replace all or part of soybean meal as a source of protein.

[0008] Preferably, the formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-sperm collection period, wherein the raw material ratio is: corn 62%, tenebrio sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0009] Preferably, the formula is suitable for the feeding of breeding ewes in the early pregnancy stage, wherein the raw material ratio is: corn 62%, yellow powder beetle sand 0-16%, soybean meal 0-16%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0010] Preferably, the formula is suitable for the feeding of breeding ewes in the early pregnancy stage, wherein the raw material ratio is: corn 62%, yellow powder beetle sand 0-16%, soybean meal 0-16%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0011] Preferably, the formula is suitable for the feeding of breeding ewes in the early pregnancy stage, wherein the raw material ratio is: corn 62%, yellow powder beetle sand 0-16%, soybean meal 0-16%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0012] Preferably, the formula is suitable for the feeding of breeding ewes in the early pregnancy stage, wherein the raw material ratio is: corn 62%, yellow powder beetle sand 0-16%, soybean meal 0-16%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0013] Preferably, the present application also provides a preparation method of the meat sheep concentrate formula containing yellow powder beetle sand, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1, raw material preparation: according to the formula ratio, corn, yellow powder beetle sand, soybean meal, bran, premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are weighed, wherein corn is selected from dry, non-molded corn kernels, which is crushed to a screen hole diameter of 2-3 mm; yellow powder beetle sand needs to be clean and dry, with water content controlled below 10%; soybean meal needs to be treated at high temperature to remove anti-nutritional factors; bran should be fresh and odorless; premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are purchased according to conventional feed grade standards;

[0015] S2, crushing treatment: corn, soybean meal, bran and yellow powder beetle sand are crushed to appropriate particle size to ensure easy feeding and digestion and absorption of sheep; after crushing, the material needs to be sieved through a 20-40 mesh screen to ensure uniform particle size;

[0016] S3 mixing step: corn powder, soybean meal powder, bran powder and yellow powder beetle sand are added to the mixer in turn; premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are added during the stirring process; stir for 10-15 minutes until the material is uniform and consistent, without clumping or layering;

[0017] S4, quality detection: sample detection of feed moisture to ensure ≤12%; detection of crude protein and calcium, phosphorus and other mineral content to ensure that the nutritional needs of meat sheep in each growth stage are met.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] Significant reduction of feed cost: The yellow mealworm sand is a by-product of yellow mealworm breeding, which is widely available and low in price. By adding 8% to 22% of the yellow mealworm sand in the concentrate formula, the expensive soybean meal can be partially or completely replaced, so that the cost of concentrate per hundred kilograms is reduced by 25 to 35 yuan on average, which can greatly improve the economic benefits under the condition of large-scale breeding.

[0020] Stable meat sheep weight and reproductive performance: The test results show that, whether in the non-semen collection period or the semen collection period of the breeding ram, or in the pre-pregnancy period, the post-pregnancy period and the lactation period of the breeding ewe, the weight change of the meat sheep fed with the yellow mealworm sand formula is not significantly different (P>0.9999) compared with the soybean meal formula group. At the same time, the reproductive performance of the breeding ram and the fetal development and lactation capacity of the ewe are not adversely affected.

[0021] Ensure the healthy growth of lambs: After the breeding ewe is fed with the formula of the present application during the pregnancy and lactation period, the birth weight of the produced lamb (about 4.0-5.0 kg), the pre-weaning weight and the post-weaning weight (about 25-32 kg) are not significantly different (P>0.9999) from the control group, indicating that the yellow mealworm sand formula does not affect the growth and development of lambs.

[0022] Provide rich nutrition and microecological regulation: The yellow mealworm sand contains high levels of crude protein, calcium, phosphorus and other nutrients, and contains a certain amount of beneficial microorganisms, which can not only meet the nutritional needs of meat sheep, but also improve the rumen environment, reduce the risk of digestion caused by high-concentration feed, and have the dual functions of nutrition supplement and health regulation.

[0023] Promote green cycle and sustainable breeding: Using yellow mealworm sand as feed belongs to a typical application of agricultural waste resource utilization, which not only reduces the environmental burden, but also meets the development direction of green breeding and circular agriculture, achieving a win-win of economic benefits and social benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable the person skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] The application provides a preparation method of a meat sheep concentrate formula containing tenebrio sand, and comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1, raw material preparation: according to the formula proportion, corn, tenebrio sand, soybean meal, bran, premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are weighed, wherein the corn is selected from dry and mildewed corn kernels, which is crushed to a sieve hole diameter of 2-3 mm; the tenebrio sand needs to be clean and dry, and the water content is controlled below 10%; the soybean meal needs to be treated at high temperature to remove anti-nutritional factors; the bran should be fresh and odorless; the premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are purchased according to the conventional feed grade standard;

[0028] S2, crushing treatment: the corn, soybean meal, bran and tenebrio sand are crushed to a suitable particle size to ensure that the sheep can easily eat and digest and absorb; after crushing, the materials need to be sieved through a 20-40 mesh screen to ensure uniform particle size;

[0029] S3, mixing step: the corn powder, soybean meal powder, bran powder and tenebrio sand are sequentially added to the stirrer; the premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are added during stirring; stirring for 10-15 minutes until the materials are uniform and consistent, without clumping or stratification;

[0030] S4, quality detection: sample detection of feed moisture to ensure ≤12%; detection of crude protein and calcium, phosphorus and other mineral content to ensure that the nutritional needs of meat sheep at each growth stage are met, and confirmation that there is no harmful microorganism and mold toxin exceeding the standard.

[0031] After preparation, it is stored in a cool, dry and ventilated warehouse to avoid direct sunlight and moisture, and the meat sheep concentrate supplement prepared by the method uses tenebrio sand to partially or completely replace soybean meal as a protein source, which can not only ensure balanced nutrition of the feed, but also reduce costs, and regulate the intestinal health of the sheep through the beneficial microorganisms contained therein, thereby achieving double improvement of economic benefit and breeding benefit. In order to further demonstrate the effect of the formula, we group the rams and ewes, each group is fed with three formulas. Record the weight change of the ram in the non-sperm collection period and the sperm collection period, the weight of the breeding ewe in the empty period and after weaning, and the weight of the lamb delivered by the breeding ewe and after weaning, and analyze the recorded weight.

[0032] Example 1: non-sperm collection period of ram (formula according to weight percentage)

[0033] Select 60 non-sperm collection period rams, and randomly divide them into three groups, each group of 20, and feed them with the following formulas:

[0034] Formula 1 (tenebrio sand completely replaced): corn 62%, tenebrio sand 15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0035] Formulation 2 (yellow mealworm sand partial replacement): corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 8%, soybean meal 7%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0036] Formulation 3 (control group): corn 62%, soybean meal 15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0037] Feed cost: Formulation 1 is 167.5 yuan per hundred jin, Formulation 2 is 176.39 yuan per hundred jin, and control group Formulation 3 is 192.95 yuan per hundred jin.

[0038] Table 1: Formulation of concentrate feed for breeding rams (non-semen collection rams) Unit: %

[0039] Ingredients Non-lactating sheep formula 1 Non-lactating sheep formula 2 Non-lactating sheep formula 3 Corn 62 62 62 Yellow mealworm sand 15 8 - Soybean meal - 7 15 Bran 15 15 15 Premix 3 3 3 Salt 2 2 2 Baking soda 2 2 2 Desensitizer 1 1 1

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] Test results: After continuous feeding, the body weight of the three groups of breeding rams was maintained in the range of 138-152 kg, and the average value had no significant difference (P>0.9999).

[0043] Comparison effect and conclusion: Compared with the control group which completely relies on soybean meal, the scheme (Formulation 1) of the present application not only significantly reduces the feed cost by about 25 yuan per hundred jin, but also ensures that the body weight of the breeding rams is maintained stable, and the reproductive potential is not affected, achieving the purpose of reducing feed cost and protecting production performance.

[0044] Example 2: Breeding rams in semen collection period group (formulation in percentage by weight)

[0045] Select 60 breeding rams in semen collection period, and randomly feed the following three sets of formulations:

[0046] Formulation 1 (yellow mealworm sand full replacement): corn 50%, yellow mealworm sand 22%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0047] Formulation 2 (yellow mealworm sand partial replacement): corn 50%, yellow mealworm sand 11%, soybean meal 11%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0048] Formulation 3 (control group): corn 50%, soybean meal 22%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0049] Feed cost: formula 1 is 151.81 yuan per hundred jin, formula 2 is 169.08 yuan per hundred jin, and the control group formula 3 is 186.35 yuan per hundred jin.

[0050] Table 3 formula of concentrate feed supplement for rams (semen collection rams) unit: %

[0051]

[0052] Test results: the body weight of the three groups of rams during feeding is maintained in the range of 136-150 Jin, and there is no obvious difference in the body weight growth trend (P>0.9999).

[0053] Comparison effect and conclusion: formula 1 of the application can still maintain the normal body weight and reproductive performance of rams during semen collection, and compared with the control group, the feed cost is reduced by nearly 35 yuan per hundred jin, which realizes the significant reduction of feeding cost without affecting the semen quality and semen collection efficiency.

[0054] Example 3: pre-pregnancy of breeding ewes (formula in weight percentage)

[0055] Select 300 pre-pregnant ewes, divide them into three groups, 100 in each group, and feed the following formula:

[0056] Formula 1 (yellow mealworm sand full replacement): corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 16%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0057] Formula 2 (yellow mealworm sand partial replacement): corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 8%, soybean meal 8%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0058] Formula 3 (control group): corn 62%, soybean meal 16%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0059] Feed cost: formula 1 is 166.03 yuan per hundred jin, formula 2 is 178.59 yuan per hundred jin, and the control group formula 3 is 191.15 yuan per hundred jin.

[0060] Table 5 formula of concentrate feed supplement for breeding ewes (pre-pregnancy) unit: %

[0061] Ingredients Pregestational formula 1 Pregestational formula 2 Pregestational formula 3 Corn 62 62 62 Yellow mealworm sand 16 8 - Soybean meal - 8 16 Bran 15 15 15 Premix 2 2 2 Salt 2 2 2 Baking soda 2 2 2 Desensitizer 1 1 1

[0062] Table 6 body weight of breeding ewes (pre-pregnancy) unit: Jin

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Test results: the body weight of ewes is maintained between 90-103 kg, and the average body weight of the three groups has no significant difference (P>0.9999).

[0066] Comparative effect and conclusion: the scheme of the present application can meet the nutritional needs of ewes and fetuses in the early pregnancy period, and the body weight and fetal development have no difference with the control group, while the feed cost is reduced by more than 25 yuan per hundred kg, realizing the effect of'reducing cost without reducing quality'.

[0067] Example 4: Reproductive ewes in the late pregnancy period (formula in percentage by weight)

[0068] The feeding formula of the three groups of ewes in the late pregnancy period is as follows:

[0069] Formula 1 (yellow mealworm sand full replacement): corn 58%, yellow mealworm sand 20%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0070] Formula 2 (yellow mealworm sand partial replacement): corn 58%, yellow mealworm sand 10%, soybean meal 10%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0071] Formula 3 (control group): corn 58%, soybean meal 20%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0072] Feed cost: formula 1 is 161.35 yuan per hundred kg, formula 2 is 177.05 yuan per hundred kg, and formula 3 of the control group is 192.75 yuan per hundred kg.

[0073] Table 7 Lamb body weight unit: kg

[0074]

[0075] Test results: the body weight of ewes in the late pregnancy period is maintained at a normal level, and there is no significant difference among the three groups (P>0.9999). The initial birth weight of lambs after the ewes in each group give birth is between 4.0-5.0 kg, and the average value of the three groups has no significant difference.

[0076] Comparative effect and conclusion: the formula of the present application can not only ensure the stable body weight of ewes, but also ensure the initial birth weight of lambs consistent with the control group, while reducing the feed cost by more than 30 yuan per hundred kg, significantly improving the economic benefit.

[0077] Example 5: Reproductive ewes in the lactation period (formula in percentage by weight)

[0078] The three groups of lactating ewes are respectively fed with the following formula:

[0079] Formulation 1 (Tenebrio sand full replacement): corn 60%, Tenebrio sand 18%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0080] Formulation 2 (Tenebrio sand partial replacement): corn 60%, Tenebrio sand 9%, soybean meal 9%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%;

[0081] Formulation 3 (control group): corn 60%, soybean meal 18%, bran 15%, premix 2%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

[0082] Feed cost: Formulation 1 is 163.69 yuan per hundred jin, Formulation 2 is 177.82 yuan per hundred jin, and Formulation 3 is 191.95 yuan per hundred jin.

[0083] Table 8 Weaning lamb weight unit: jin

[0084]

[0085] Table 8 Weaning lamb weight unit: jin

[0086]

[0087] Test results:

[0088] Lamb weaning weight: all three groups are between 25-32 jin, and the difference is not significant (P>0.9999).

[0089] Lamb weaning weight: all three groups are between 25-32 jin, and the difference is not significant (P>0.9999).

[0090] Comparative effect and conclusion: during lactation, the formulation of the application can maintain the normal condition of the ewe, ensure the weight of the lamb before and after weaning consistent with the control group, and reduce the feed cost by about 30 yuan per hundred jin, achieving the purpose of reducing breeding cost without reducing production performance.

[0091] Table 9 Weaning ewe weight unit: jin

[0092]

[0093] The above specific embodiments are only an explanation of the application, and are not a limitation of the application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without creative contribution after reading the specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand, characterized by: The formula includes the following raw materials in percentage by weight: corn 50-62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-22%, soybean meal 0-22%, bran 15%, premix 2-3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

2. A meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: The yellow mealworm sand is used to replace all or part of the soybean meal as a protein source.

3. A meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand according to claim 2, characterized by: The formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-precious period, wherein the raw materials are mixed in the following ratio: corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

4. The meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand according to claim 2, characterized by: The formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-precious period, wherein the raw materials are mixed in the following ratio: corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

5. The meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand according to claim 2, characterized by: The formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-precious period, wherein the raw materials are mixed in the following ratio: corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

6. A meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: The formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-precious period, wherein the raw materials are mixed in the following ratio: corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

7. A meat goat concentrate formulation containing Tenebrio molitor sand as claimed in claim 2, characterized by: The formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-precious period, wherein the raw materials are mixed in the following ratio: corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%.

8. The method of claim 1-7, wherein the preparation of the Tenebrio molitor sand-containing concentrate formula for sheep is characterized by, The formula is suitable for feeding of breeding rams in non-precious period, wherein the raw materials are mixed in the following ratio: corn 62%, yellow mealworm sand 0-15%, soybean meal 0-15%, bran 15%, premix 3%, salt 2%, baking soda 2%, desensitizer 1%. The formula includes the following steps: S1, raw material preparation: the corn, yellow mealworm sand, soybean meal, bran, premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are weighed according to the formula ratio, wherein the corn is selected from dry, non-molded corn kernels, which is crushed to a screen hole diameter of 2-3 mm; the yellow mealworm sand is clean and dried to a moisture content of less than 10%; the soybean meal is treated at high temperature to remove anti-nutritional factors; the bran is fresh and odorless; the premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are purchased according to the conventional feed grade standard; S2, crushing treatment: the corn, soybean meal, bran and yellow mealworm sand are crushed to an appropriate particle size to ensure easy feeding and digestion and absorption of the sheep; the crushed materials are sieved through a 20-40 mesh screen to ensure uniform particle size; S3, mixing step: the corn powder, soybean meal powder, bran powder and yellow mealworm sand are added to a mixer in sequence; the premix, salt, baking soda and desensitizer are added during the mixing process; the materials are stirred for 10-15 minutes until they are uniform and consistent without clumping or layering; S4, quality detection: the moisture content of the feed is detected to ensure that it is less than or equal to 12%; the crude protein and mineral content such as calcium and phosphorus are detected to ensure that they meet the nutritional requirements of meat sheep at each growth stage.

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