Rice soil improver and method for improving gleying rice soil

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly discloses a rice soil improver and a method for improving gleying rice soil. The rice soil improver provided by the invention comprises a component A and a component B, the component A is an organic-inorganic compound and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of kitchen waste fermentation products, 1-5 parts of slow-release calcium peroxide and 5-10 parts of a microbial agent I; wherein the slow-release calcium peroxide is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of calcium peroxide, 70 to 80 parts of sepiolite and 10 to 15 parts of binder; the component B is microalgae gel beads and comprises the following raw materials: a microbial agent II, algae species and 2-5wt% of a sodium alginate solution. The rice soil improver provided by the invention can significantly improve the hardening and long-term oxygen deficit problems of gleying rice field soil, increase the effective fertility of the soil, promote the improvement of rice root activity and nutrient absorption, and finally increase the rice yield.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a paddy soil improver and a method for improving gleyed paddy soil. BACKGROUND

[0002] Gleyed paddy field is due to long-term flooding, leading to soil oxygen deficiency, anaerobic microorganisms dominate organic matter decomposition and produce a large amount of ferrous, manganous and hydrogen sulfide and other reducing substances, thus forming a gray gley layer. The dispersion of clay particles in the gley layer can cause soil compaction, plow layer muddiness, and plow pan compaction, which seriously inhibits the growth of rice; in addition, reducing substances are also prone to induce rice black root disease, reduce root activity, and thus affect the yield and quality of rice.

[0003] At present, the improvement of gleyed paddy field in the industry mainly includes the following means; one is to eliminate waterlogging and improve the waterlogging condition of the soil by adopting open ditch or underground ditch drainage engineering improvement measures. Two is to change the dry and wet environment of the soil by implementing the water and dry rotation tillage method to reduce the content of reducing substances in the soil. Three is to improve the soil structure by adjusting the fertilization method, such as increasing the application of organic fertilizer and microbial agent, to create better soil conditions for rice growth. These means have been widely used to a certain extent, but the above improvement measures still have certain defects, such as the problems of high labor and economic cost of engineering improvement and water and dry rotation tillage; the slow decomposition rate of organic fertilizer under gleyed conditions, poor improvement effect; and the limited activity of biological agents in low-oxygen environment, and the difficulty of microorganisms to fully play a role. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the problem that the existing soil improvement technology cannot effectively solve the problem of gleyed paddy soil compaction due to oxygen deficiency and limited rice growth, the present application provides a paddy soil improver and a method for improving gleyed paddy soil.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a paddy soil improver, which adopts the following technical solution: A paddy soil improver, comprising A component and B component; The A component is an organic-inorganic compound, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: kitchen garbage fermentation product 100-200 parts, slow-release calcium peroxide 1-5 parts, microbial agent I 5-10 parts; wherein the slow-release calcium peroxide comprises the following raw materials by weight: Calcium peroxide 100 parts, sepiolite 70-80 parts and binder 10-15 parts; The B component is a microalgae gel bead, which comprises the following raw materials: microbial agent II, algal species and 2-5wt% sodium alginate solution.

[0006] The application provides a rice soil improver, which comprises an A component and a B component; the fermentation product of kitchen garbage in the A component has a high content of easily oxidizable organic matter and humic acid, can provide a rich carbon source for microorganisms in the soil, promote the growth and reproduction of the microorganisms, and the microorganisms can decompose organic matter and release various nutrients, thereby increasing the effective fertility of the soil and improving the soil aggregate structure, and effectively relieving the problem of soil compaction in the paddy soil. The slow-release calcium peroxide can continuously release oxygen, significantly improve the oxygen deficiency of the paddy soil, improve the soil aeration, reduce the generation of reducing substances, and relieve the occurrence of soil compaction and black root disease of rice; the microbial agent I can improve the soil micro-ecological environment and further improve the soil fertility. The B component is a microalgae gel bead composed of a microbial agent II, an algal species and a sodium alginate solution; the algal-bacterial symbiotic system in the microalgae gel bead can provide a local micro-oxygen environment, support microbial activity, improve soil microbial activity, and thus increase the nitrogen content and utilization efficiency of the soil and increase the effective fertility of the soil; in addition, during the growth of rice, the specific structure of the microalgae gel bead can be adsorbed by soil aggregates, thereby reducing the loss caused by water erosion, and realizing a sustainable soil improvement effect. In summary, the rice soil improver provided by the application can significantly improve the compaction and oxygen deficiency of the paddy soil, improve the soil aeration, reduce the soil reducing substances, increase the effective fertility of the soil, promote the root activity and nutrient absorption of rice, finally improve the yield of rice, realize a sustainable soil improvement effect, and provide an efficient and sustainable solution for the improvement of the paddy soil.

[0007] In some embodiments, the weight part of the kitchen waste fermentation product can be 100-150 parts or 150-200 parts.

[0008] In a specific embodiment, the weight part of the kitchen waste fermentation product can also be 100 parts, 150 parts or 200 parts.

[0009] In some embodiments, the weight part of the slow-release calcium peroxide can be 1-2 parts, 1-3 parts, 1-4 parts, 1-5 parts, 2-3 parts, 2-4 parts, 2-5 parts, 3-4 parts, 3-5 parts or 4-5 parts.

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the weight part of the slow-release calcium peroxide can also be 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts or 5 parts.

[0011] In some embodiments, the weight part of the microbial agent I can be 5-8 parts or 8-10 parts.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the weight part of the microbial agent I can also be 5 parts, 8 parts or 10 parts.

[0013] Optionally, the fermentation product of the kitchen waste used in the present application has ≥25% of easily-oxidized organic matter, ≥10% of biological humic acid, pH value of 6.5-7.5, and ≤8% of moisture content.

[0014] Optionally, the preparation method of the slow-release calcium peroxide is as follows: uniformly mixing calcium peroxide and sepiolite, then adding a binder solution with a concentration of 7-10 wt%, stirring into a plastic slurry, and extruding and granulating to obtain slow-release calcium peroxide with a particle size of 3-4 mm.

[0015] In the present application, the concentration of the binder solution determines the structural strength and porosity of the slow-release calcium peroxide particles, thereby controlling the water permeation rate and affecting the decomposition rate of calcium peroxide; when the concentration of the binder solution is too low, the binding force is insufficient, which can easily lead to loose structure of the slow-release calcium peroxide particles, and the particles can be easily broken after being applied to wet paddy soil, so that calcium peroxide can be directly exposed to water and rapidly decomposed, and oxygen and calcium elements can be concentratedly released in a short time, which can cause a sudden increase in the redox potential of local soil or precipitation of calcium salt; when the concentration of the binder solution is too high, the slow-release calcium peroxide particles are too dense, the porosity is low, and water is difficult to penetrate into the interior, so that the decomposition rate of calcium peroxide is too slow, the soil oxygen cannot be supplemented in time, and the release of calcium elements is insufficient, thereby affecting the growth of rice.

[0016] In some embodiments, the concentration of the binder solution can be 7-8 wt%, 7-9 wt%, 7-10 wt%, 8-9 wt%, 8-10 wt%, or 9-10 wt%.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the binder solution can also be 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, or 10 wt%.

[0018] Optionally, the sepiolite also needs to be pretreated before use, and the specific method is as follows: soaking the sepiolite in a 2-4 mol / L HCl solution for 3-5 h, then washing with water until the pH value is 6.5-7, drying, and passing through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated sepiolite.

[0019] In the present application, the adsorption and wrapping capacity of sepiolite for calcium peroxide can be further improved by pretreating sepiolite, thereby improving the slow-release performance of calcium peroxide. Specifically, by soaking sepiolite in a specific concentration of hydrochloric acid solution, the impurities such as carbonates and iron oxides in sepiolite can be effectively dissolved and removed, increasing its specific surface area and porosity, and improving its adsorption and loading capacity. If the concentration of hydrochloric acid is too low or the soaking time is too short, the impurities cannot be completely removed, the pores of sepiolite will be blocked, the adsorption capacity will be insufficient, and calcium peroxide cannot be effectively wrapped, which will cause calcium peroxide to decompose quickly when it comes into contact with water, and oxygen and calcium elements will be released too quickly, which may cause local oxygen concentration to be too high or calcium elements to be excessive in the short term, thereby inhibiting rice root respiration or disrupting soil ion balance. However, if the concentration of hydrochloric acid is too high or the soaking time is too long, the crystal structure of sepiolite will be eroded, the pore network will be damaged, the adsorption capacity of sepiolite will be reduced, calcium peroxide cannot be stably loaded, and the slow-release function will be lost.

[0020] In some embodiments, the concentration of the HCl solution can be 2-3 mol / L or 3-4 mol / L.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the concentration of the HCl solution can also be 2 mol / L, 3 mol / L or 4 mol / L.

[0022] In some embodiments, the soaking time can be 3-4 h or 4-5 h.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the soaking time can also be 3 h, 4 h or 5 h.

[0024] Optionally, the purity of the calcium peroxide is ≥ 60%; and the binder is polyvinyl alcohol.

[0025] Optionally, the volume ratio of the sodium alginate solution, the microbial agent and the algal species is 1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2).

[0026] In the present application, Chlorella vulgaris and Melosira are used as the algae species, wherein Chlorella vulgaris is a representative of Chlorophyta and can synthesize proteins, amino acids, vitamins and organic acids and other substances through photosynthesis, and gradually releases mineral elements such as phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and trace elements such as iron and zinc in the metabolic process to provide directly absorbable nutrients for rice; in addition, the metabolic products of Chlorella vulgaris such as small molecule organic matter can be used as a carbon source to promote the activity of microbial inoculant II in the microalgae gel beads, so that it can more efficiently convert nitrogen in the air into soil absorbable ammonium nitrogen to meet the high demand of rice growth for nitrogen. The cell wall of Melosira contains a large amount of siliceous substances which are slowly released as silicon elements in the soil; rice is a typical "silicon-loving crop", and silicon elements can enhance the stem strength of rice, improve the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves, and enhance the resistance of rice to diseases such as rice blast and sheath blight, while improving the quality of rice. In addition, the above-mentioned algae species will slowly proliferate under the protection of the gel beads, and can be converted into humus and other organic matter after microbial decomposition, which not only improves the soil fertility, but also adjusts the soil pH value through the buffering effect of humus to create a more stable growth environment for rice. In summary, the present application uses Chlorella vulgaris and Melosira to prepare microalgae gel beads, and through the slow release effect of the microalgae gel beads, it can not only directly provide the necessary silicon element nutrients for rice growth, but also improve the soil structure and activate the microbial activity, so as to improve the quality of rice soil from the multiple dimensions of nutrient supply-environment optimization-ecological balance, and finally promote the enhancement of rice stress resistance, yield increase and quality improvement.

[0027] Optionally, the algae species comprises Chlorella vulgaris and Melosira.

[0028] Optionally, the preparation method of the algae species is as follows: Chlorella vulgaris and Melosira are inoculated into WC liquid medium respectively for culture to obtain Chlorella vulgaris culture solution and Melosira culture solution respectively; the Chlorella vulgaris culture solution and the Melosira culture solution are subjected to centrifugation and concentration in sequence respectively to obtain Chlorella vulgaris concentrate and Melosira concentrate, and the microalgae content is (4-9) x 10 6 Individuals / ml; the Chlorella vulgaris concentrate and the Melosira concentrate are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:(0.8-1) to obtain the algae species.

[0029] Optionally, the preparation method of the microalgae gel beads is as follows: 2-5wt% sodium alginate solution, microbial inoculant II and algae species are mixed to obtain a mixed gel solution; the mixed gel solution is dropped into 1-2wt% CaCl2 solution for cross-linking and solidification to obtain microalgae gel beads with a diameter of 2-4mm.

[0030] Optionally, the viable bacterial count of the microbial inoculant I is (3-7) x 10 10 CFU / ml, and the ratio of the viable bacterial count comprises 1:(0.8-1.2) of Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The viable cell count of the microbial agent II is (3-7) x 10 10 CFU / ml, comprising Brevibacillus parvus and Bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 2:(0.7-1.5) in viable cell count.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for improving gleyed paddy soil, comprising the following steps: (1) Plowing period: before plowing the paddy field, the A component is applied to the paddy field, and the application amount of the organic-inorganic compound is 200-500 kg / mu; then the paddy field is plowed, and 14-21 days after plowing, rice seedlings are transplanted; (2) Growth period: after 7-14 days of transplanting, the B component is applied to the paddy field, and the application amount of the microalgae gel beads is 40-80 kg / mu.

[0032] The present application provides a method for improving gleyed paddy soil, which applies an organic-inorganic compound in the plowing period to create a good soil environment for the early growth of rice, promote soil nutrient release and improve the granular structure. In the growth period, microalgae gel beads are applied to meet the demand for nutrients such as nitrogen during the growth of rice, improve the activity of rice roots, and promote the absorption of nutrients by rice. In summary, the method provided by the present application improves the effective fertility of the soil by improving the soil physical structure and optimizing the soil microbial environment through a two-stage regulation mechanism, making the soil aeration better, the fertility increased, creating a good growth environment for rice roots, promoting the improvement of rice root activity, and making rice better absorb nutrients, ultimately significantly improving the growth of rice.

[0033] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application provides a paddy soil conditioner, which comprises an A component used before plowing of the paddy field and a B component used in the growth period after plowing. The above-mentioned paddy soil conditioner can significantly improve the hardening and oxygen deficiency problems of gleyed paddy soil, improve soil aeration, increase soil effective fertility, promote the improvement of rice root activity and nutrient absorption, ultimately increase rice yield, achieve sustainable soil improvement effect, and provide an efficient and sustainable solution for the improvement of gleyed paddy field.

[0034] 2. In the A component of the rice soil conditioner provided in the application, the slow-release calcium peroxide used is prepared from calcium peroxide, sepiolite and a binder, and the sepiolite is pre-treated by soaking in an HCl solution, which can improve the adsorption and wrapping capacity of sepiolite for calcium peroxide, thereby improving the slow-release performance of calcium peroxide. The rice soil conditioner obtained can reduce the content of reducing substances in the rice soil, reduce the soil bulk density, promote the improvement of rice root activity and nutrient absorption, and thereby improve the rice yield. After improvement, the total amount of reducing substances in the rice soil can be as low as 3.5 cmol / kg or less, and the soil bulk density can be as low as 1.35 g / cm 3 After that, the yield of harvested rice can reach 450 kg / mu or more.

[0035] 3. Through experiments, it is found that, in the preparation method of slow-release calcium peroxide, the concentration of the binder is controlled in the range of 8-9 wt%, and the amount of each substance in the A component organic-inorganic compound is controlled in the following range: kitchen garbage fermentation product 100-150 parts, slow-release calcium peroxide 2-4 parts, microbial agent I 8-10 parts. After the rice soil is improved by the rice soil conditioner obtained, the total amount of reducing substances in the rice soil can be as low as 2.0 cmol / kg or less, and the soil bulk density can be as low as 1.20 g / cm 3 After that, the yield of harvested rice can reach 550 kg / mu or more. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The application provides a rice soil conditioner, which comprises an A component and a B component. The A component is an organic-inorganic compound, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: kitchen garbage fermentation product 100-200 parts, slow-release calcium peroxide 1-5 parts, microbial agent I 5-10 parts. The slow-release calcium peroxide comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: calcium peroxide 100 parts, sepiolite 70-80 parts and binder 10-15 parts. The preparation method of the slow-release calcium peroxide is as follows: first, the sepiolite is soaked in an HCl solution with a concentration of 2-4 mol / L for 3-5 h, and then washed with water until the pH is 6.5-7, and then dried and sieved through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated sepiolite. Then, the pretreated sepiolite is mixed with calcium peroxide, and then a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 7-10 wt% is added, and stirred into a plastic slurry, and then extruded and granulated to obtain slow-release calcium peroxide with a particle size of 3-4 mm. The microbial agent I has a viable bacterial count of (3-7) × 10 10 CFU / ml, and comprises Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2) in terms of viable bacterial count. The B component is a microalgae gel bead, which comprises the following raw materials: microbial agent II, algal species and 2-5 wt% sodium alginate solution. The microbial agent II has a viable bacterial count of (3-7) × 10 10CFU / ml, and the ratio of the viable cell count of Brevibacillus laterosporus to that of Bacillus subtilis is 2:(0.7-1.5); the preparation method of the microalgae gel beads is as follows: sodium alginate is dissolved in water at 50-60℃ to prepare a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 2-5wt%, and the solution is cooled to below 30℃; then the solution is mixed with microbial inoculum II and algal spores to obtain a mixed gel solution; the volume ratio of the sodium alginate solution, the microbial inoculum II and the algal spores is 1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2); finally, the mixed gel solution is dropped into a 1-2wt% CaCl2 solution, and the microalgae gel beads with a diameter of 2-4mm are obtained after cross-linking and solidification.

[0037] The application provides a method for improving gley soil, which comprises the following steps: (1) ploughing period: before ploughing the paddy field, a group A organic-inorganic compound is applied to the paddy field, and the application amount of the organic-inorganic compound is 200-500kg / mu; then the paddy field is ploughed, and rice seedlings are transplanted after 14-21 days of ploughing; (2) growth period: after 7-14 days of transplanting, a group B microalgae gel bead is applied to the paddy field, and the application amount of the microalgae gel bead is 40-80kg / mu; The raw materials used in the examples of the application are as follows: the easily oxidized organic matter in the fermentation product of kitchen waste is 35%, the biological humic acid is 18%, the pH is 7.2, and the water content is 6%; the Bacillus velezensis is Bacillus velezensis BGB-89R with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 28824; the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BGB-96R with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 25766; the Brevibacillus laterosporus is Brevibacillus laterosporus BGB-173R with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 28825; the Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis BGB-99R with a preservation number of CGMCC No. 24391; the above strains are all known strains disclosed in the art; Chlorella and Centrum diatom are both purchased from Shanghai Guangyu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; WC microalgae liquid medium is purchased from Jiangxi Qiyun Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; other raw materials, reagents and solvents used in the examples of the application are all commercially available without special instructions.

[0038] The application will be further described in detail in combination with the preparation examples, the examples and the performance detection tests.

[0039] Preparation Example 1 Preparation Example 1 provides a slow-release calcium peroxide.

[0040] The preparation method of the slow-release calcium peroxide is as follows: 10 g of polyvinyl alcohol is first prepared into a polyvinyl alcohol solution with a concentration of 8% by using water; then 100 g of calcium peroxide is uniformly mixed with 80 g of sepiolite, followed by adding the polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring into a plastic slurry, and extruding into granules to obtain slow-release calcium peroxide with a particle size of 3-4 mm.

[0041] Preparation Example 2 Preparation Example 2 provides a kind of slow-release calcium peroxide.

[0042] The difference between the above preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that the sepiolite is also pretreated.

[0043] The method for pretreating sepiolite is as follows: the sepiolite is soaked in a 3 mol / L HCl solution for 4 h, then washed with water until the pH is 6.7, dried, and sieved through a 180-mesh screen to obtain pretreated sepiolite.

[0044] Preparation Examples 3-4 Preparation Examples 3-4 respectively provide a kind of slow-release calcium peroxide.

[0045] The difference between the above preparation example and Preparation Example 2 is that the concentration of the HCl solution and the soaking time are different.

[0046] In Preparation Example 3, the concentration of the HCl solution is 2 mol / L and the soaking time is 5 h; in Preparation Example 4, the concentration of the HCl solution is 4 mol / L and the soaking time is 3 h.

[0047] Preparation Examples 5-7 Preparation Examples 5-7 respectively provide a kind of slow-release calcium peroxide.

[0048] The difference between the above preparation example and Preparation Example 2 is that the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is different.

[0049] In Preparation Example 5, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol is 7 wt%; in Preparation Example 6, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol is 9 wt%; and in Preparation Example 7, the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol is 10 wt%.

[0050] Examples 1-7 Examples 1-7 respectively provide a kind of paddy soil improver.

[0051] The difference between the above examples is that the slow-release calcium peroxide in the paddy soil improver is respectively derived from Preparation Examples 1-7.

[0052] The preparation method of the paddy soil improver provided in Examples 1-7 comprises the following steps: (1) preparing an organic-inorganic compound of component A: taking 15 kg of kitchen garbage fermentation product, 0.2 kg of slow-release calcium peroxide, and 0.2 kg of microbial agent I (with a viable bacterial count of 5.5×10 100.8 kg, and uniformly mixed to obtain the organic-inorganic compound.

[0053] The preparation method of B. velezensis and B. amyloliquefaciens is as follows: the test strains stored at -80℃ are activated for three times and then transferred to LB medium for culture at 30℃ and 180 rpm until the logarithmic phase, the growth of the strains is detected by using a nucleic acid protein detector, the bacterial content is estimated by using OD value, and the sporulation rate is counted by using dilution coating plate counting, the sporulation rate is more than 90%, the strains are transferred to a tank, and centrifugal concentration is performed, the strains are diluted to (3-7) x 10 10 CFU / ml, and placed in a refrigerator at 6℃ until use.

[0054] (2) Preparation of the microalgae gel beads of component B: (2-1) Preparation of the algal seed: Chlorella and central diatom are respectively inoculated into WC liquid medium in a volume ratio of 3% for greenhouse culture. The culture conditions are as follows: 25℃, 12h light per day, and 9d of culture, and Chlorella culture solution and central diatom culture solution are obtained; the Chlorella culture solution and the central diatom culture solution are sequentially subjected to centrifugal concentration, and the centrifugal conditions are 7000r / min and 10min; Chlorella concentrate and central diatom concentrate are obtained, and the microalgae content is (4-9) x 10 6 CFU / ml; the Chlorella concentrate and the central diatom concentrate are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain the algal seed; (2-2) Sodium alginate is dissolved in water at 60℃ to prepare a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 3wt%, and the solution is cooled to below 30℃; then the solution is mixed with the microbial agent II (live bacterial count is 6.0 x 10 10 CFU / ml, and placed in a refrigerator at 6℃ until use. The preparation method of B. velezensis and B. amyloliquefaciens is as follows: the test strains stored at -80℃ are activated for three times and then transferred to LB medium for culture at 30℃ and 180 rpm until the logarithmic phase, the growth of the strains is detected by using a nucleic acid protein detector, the bacterial content is estimated by using OD value, and the sporulation rate is counted by using dilution coating plate counting, the sporulation rate is more than 90%, the strains are transferred to a tank, and centrifugal concentration is performed, the strains are diluted to (3-7) x 10 10 CFU / ml, and placed in a refrigerator at 6℃ until use.

[0055] Examples 8-13 Example 8-13 respectively provides a paddy soil conditioner.

[0056] The above examples differ from Example 2 in that the addition amount of each raw material in the A component of the paddy soil conditioner is as shown in Table 1 below.

[0057] Table 1 Addition amount of each raw material in the A component of Examples 8-13 Examples 14-15 Examples 14-15 respectively provide a paddy soil conditioner.

[0058] The above examples differ from Example 2 in that: in the step of preparing microalgae gel beads in (2) of Example 14, only Chlorella sp. concentrate is used as the algal species; and in the step of preparing microalgae gel beads in (2) of Example 15, only Centric diatom concentrate is used as the algal species. Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides a paddy soil conditioner.

[0059] The above comparative example differs from Example 2 in that the slow-release calcium peroxide is replaced with an equal amount of calcium peroxide.

[0060] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 provides a paddy soil conditioner.

[0061] The above comparative example differs from Example 2 in that the B component is a microbial gel bead, i.e., does not contain algal species.

[0062] The preparation method of the above microbial gel bead is as follows: sodium alginate is dissolved in 60℃ water to prepare a sodium alginate solution with a concentration of 3wt%, and cooled to below 30℃; then mixed with microbial inoculant II (live bacteria number is 6.0×10 10 CFU / ml, containing Brevibacillus laterosporus and Bacillus subtilis in a ratio of 2:1 in terms of live bacteria number) to obtain a mixed gel solution; the volume ratio of the sodium alginate solution to microbial inoculant II is 1:1; finally, the mixed gel solution is dropped into a 2wt% CaCl2 solution, cross-linked and solidified to obtain microalgae gel beads with a diameter of 2-4mm.

[0063] Performance detection test The paddy soil conditioners obtained in Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2 above were subjected to paddy soil improvement tests, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0064] 1. Test soil: a paddy planting area in Dong'an County, Yongzhou City, Hunan Province, the total amount of reducing substances in the planting area is 5.31±0.23 cmol / kg, and the soil bulk density is 1.4 g / cm 3; Test crop is rice.

[0065] 2. Test method: (1) Divide 20 test fields in the above planting area, each test field has an area of 3m x 5m, and is separated by ridges, and the adjacent test fields are spaced apart by 3m; Among them, 17 test fields are applied with the rice soil improver obtained from Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2 (test areas 1-15 and control areas 1-2); 1 test field is applied with a commercially available organic fertilizer (purchased from Shandong Pangda Biological Group Co., Ltd., and the application amount is 300 kg / mu) before rice field ploughing; 1 test field is applied with a commercially available biological agent (purchased from Shandong Pangda Biological Group Co., Ltd., and the application amount is 30 kg / mu) before rice field ploughing; 1 test field is not treated in any way, and serves as a blank control area. The fertilization method of the rice soil improver obtained from Examples 1-15 and Comparative Examples 1-2 is as follows: ① Ploughing period: before rice field ploughing, apply the organic-inorganic compound of Group A to the rice field, and the application amount of the organic-inorganic compound is 300 kg / mu; then plough the rice field, and after 21 days of ploughing, perform rice transplanting; ② Growth period: 14 days after transplanting, apply the microalgae gel beads of Group B to the rice field, and the application amount of the microalgae gel beads is 60 kg / mu.

[0066] (2) After the rice matures, harvest and measure the yield; and take soil from each test field to measure the total amount of reducing substances and the bulk density, and randomly detect 5 groups in each test field, and take the average value, and the specific results are shown in Table 2.

[0067] Table 2 Soil properties and rice yield of each test area and control area According to the detection results in Table 2, after the rice soil is improved by using the rice soil improver provided in Examples 1-15, the total amount of reducing substances in the rice soil can be as low as 1.69-3.42 cmol / kg (<3.5 cmol / kg), and the soil bulk density is 1.15-1.32 g / cm 3 (<1.35 g / cm 3), the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil was 4.20-4.49 cmol / kg, the soil bulk density was 1.35-1.38 g / kg, and the harvested paddy yield was 403.6-425.0 kg / mu. Therefore, it is shown that the paddy soil improvement agent provided in the present application can reduce the content of reducing substances in the paddy soil, reduce the soil bulk density (enhance the soil aeration), promote the root activity and nutrient absorption of paddy, and thus improve the paddy yield.

[0068] The detection results of the test areas 1-4 show that after the paddy soil in the test area 1 is improved, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 3.15 cmol / kg, the soil bulk density is 1.32 g / cm 3 , and the harvested paddy yield is 483.5 kg / mu; while after the paddy soil in the test areas 2-4 is improved, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 1.69-2.83 cmol / kg (<3.0 cmol / kg), the soil bulk density is 1.15-1.21 g / cm 3 (<1.25 g / cm 3 , and the harvested paddy yield is 516.0-587.6 kg / mu (>500 kg / mu). Therefore, it is shown that the slow-release calcium peroxide prepared by pretreating the sepiolite has a better improvement effect on the gleization paddy soil and a better growth-promoting effect on paddy.

[0069] The detection results of the test areas 2, 5-7 show that after the paddy soil in the test areas 2, 6 is improved, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 1.69-1.72 cmol / kg (<2.0 cmol / kg), the soil bulk density is 1.15-1.19 g / cm 3 (<1.20 g / cm 3 , and the harvested paddy yield is 573.4-587.6 kg / mu (>550 kg / mu); while after the paddy soil in the test areas 5, 7 is improved, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 2.29-2.87 cmol / kg, the soil bulk density is 1.21-1.22 g / cm 3 , and the harvested paddy yield is 525.6-539.8 kg / mu. Therefore, it is shown that the slow-release calcium peroxide prepared by controlling the concentration of the binder in the slow-release calcium peroxide preparation method in the range of 8-9 wt% has a better use effect, the paddy soil improvement agent has a better improvement effect on the gleization paddy soil, and has a better growth-promoting effect on paddy.

[0070] The detection results of the test area 2 and the test area 8-13 show that after the improvement of the paddy soil in the test area 2, the test area 8, and the test area 11-12, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 1.69-1.93 cmol / kg (<2.0 cmol / kg), the soil bulk density is 1.15-1.17 g / cm 3 (<1.20 g / cm 3 ), and the yield of the harvested rice is 557.2-587.6 kg / acre (>550 kg / acre); while after the improvement of the paddy soil in the test area 9-10 and the test area 13, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 2.27-3.07 cmol / kg, the soil bulk density is 1.22-1.24 g / cm 3 , and the yield of the harvested rice is 510.5-536.1 kg / acre. Therefore, it is proved that the amount of each substance in the organic-inorganic compound is controlled in the following range: 100-150 parts of the fermentation product of kitchen garbage, 2-4 parts of the slow-release calcium peroxide, and 8-10 parts of the microbial agent I, and the obtained paddy soil improver has a better improvement effect on the gley soil and a better promoting effect on the rice.

[0071] The detection results of the test area 2 and the test area 14-15 show that after the improvement of the paddy soil in the test area 2 by using the paddy soil improver prepared by using the Chlorella vulgaris and the Centric diatom as the algae species in the microalgae gel beads provided in the embodiment 2, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is 1.69 cmol / kg (<2.0 cmol / kg), the soil bulk density is 1.15 g / cm 3 (<1.20 g / cm 3 ), and the yield of the harvested rice is 587.6 kg / acre (>550 kg / acre); while after the improvement of the paddy soil in the test area 14-15 by using the paddy soil improver prepared by using the Chlorella vulgaris or the Centric diatom as the algae species in the microalgae gel beads provided in the embodiments 14-15, the total amount of reducing substances in the paddy soil is as high as 3.17-3.42 cmol / kg, the soil bulk density is 1.31-1.32 g / cm 3 , and the yield of the harvested rice is only 469.4-498.5 kg / acre. Therefore, it is proved that the mixture of the Chlorella vulgaris and the Centric diatom is used as the algae species in the microalgae gel beads, which can exert the synergistic effect between the two, and through the slow-release effect of the microalgae gel beads, the silicon element nutrients necessary for the growth of the rice can be provided, the soil structure can be improved, and the microbial activity can be activated, so as to improve the quality of the paddy soil and promote the yield of the rice.

[0072] While the application has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various modifications or changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Accordingly, it is intended that all such modifications and changes be included within the scope of the application as claimed.

Claims

1. A rice soil amendment, characterized by, The A component and the B component are included; The A component is an organic-inorganic compound including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-200 parts of kitchen waste fermentation product, 1-5 parts of slow-release calcium peroxide, and 5-10 parts of microbial agent I; wherein the slow-release calcium peroxide includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of calcium peroxide, 70-80 parts of sepiolite, and 10-15 parts of binder; The B component is a microalgae gel bead including the following raw materials: microbial agent II, algal species, and 2-5 wt% sodium alginate solution.

2. The rice soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The preparation method of the slow-release calcium peroxide is as follows: the calcium peroxide and the sepiolite are uniformly mixed, then a binder solution with a concentration of 7-10 wt% is added, and the mixture is stirred into a plastic slurry, and then extruded into granules to obtain slow-release calcium peroxide with a particle size of 3-4 mm.

3. The rice soil amendment of claim 2, wherein, The sepiolite also needs to be pretreated before use, and the specific method is as follows: the sepiolite is soaked in a 2-4 mol / L HCl solution for 3-5 h, then washed with water until the pH is 6.5-7, dried, and then passed through a 180-mesh sieve to obtain pretreated sepiolite.

4. The rice soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The purity of the calcium peroxide is ≥60%; and the binder is polyvinyl alcohol.

5. The rice soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The volume ratio of the sodium alginate solution, the microbial agent II, and the algal species is 1:(0.8-1.2):(0.8-1.2).

6. The rice soil amendment of claim 5, wherein, The algal species includes chlorella and centric diatoms.

7. The rice soil amendment of claim 5, wherein, The preparation method of the microalgae gel bead is as follows: 2-5 wt% sodium alginate solution is mixed with microbial agent II and algal species to obtain a mixed gel solution; the mixed gel solution is dropped into a 1-2 wt% CaCl2 solution, and then cross-linked and solidified to obtain microalgae gel beads with a diameter of 2-4 mm.

8. The rice soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The viable cell number of the microbial agent I is (3-7)×10 10 CFU / ml, containing Bacillus velezensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens with a viable cell number ratio of 1:(0.8-1.2). The viable cell number of the microbial inoculant II is (3-7)×10 10 CFU / ml, comprising Brevibacillus parvus and Bacillus subtilis in a ratio of viable cell number of 2:(0.7-1.5).

9. A method for improving gleyed paddy soil, characterized by, The method includes the following steps: (1) plowing period: before plowing the rice field, the A component is applied to the rice field, and the application amount of the organic-inorganic compound is 200-500 kg / acre; then the rice field is plowed, and after 14-21 days of plowing, rice seedlings are transplanted; (2) growth period: after 7-14 days of transplanting, the B component is applied to the rice field, and the application amount of the microalgae gel bead is 40-80 kg / acre.

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