Method and process for improving tar yield and quality by pyrolyzing lump coal through high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas and application
By using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas and multiple pyrolysis oil and gas outlets in the coal pyrolysis process to control the tar residence time, combined with cyclone separation and condensation treatment, the problems of low tar yield and poor quality were solved, and the tar yield and quality were improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510537789.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-05
AI Technical Summary
In existing coal pyrolysis processes, the long residence time of tar in the reactor leads to low tar yield and poor quality.
High-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas is used as the reaction atmosphere, and two pyrolysis oil and gas outlets are set in the pyrolysis unit. The residence time of tar in the reactor is reduced by controlling the flow rate of pyrolysis oil and gas. At the same time, cyclone separators and condensers are used to separate and cool the pyrolysis oil and gas, thereby improving the tar yield and quality.
By controlling the flow rate and temperature of pyrolysis oil and gas, the residence time of tar in the reactor is reduced, which improves the tar yield and tar quality. The tar yield reaches more than 110% of the tar yield of Gekin dry distillation, with a decrease in the content of heavy components and an increase in the content of light components.
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Figure CN121064883A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to a method, process and application for improving the yield and quality of tar by pyrolyzing lump coal with high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas. BACKGROUND
[0002] Coal pyrolysis is a key step in coal carbon conversion and is one of the most efficient methods for converting solid energy into liquid or gaseous energy. It can achieve graded utilization of coal, improve the utilization rate of coal energy, and reduce pollutant emissions.
[0003] In the traditional coal pyrolysis process, the pyrolysis products of coal are discharged in a single reaction unit. The above process has the problem that the pyrolysis tar is prone to cracking under high-temperature conditions for a long time, resulting in a decrease in tar yield. At the same time, the traditional coal pyrolysis process has the problems of poor tar quality and low coal conversion rate. Changing the reaction atmosphere and co-pyrolyzing with hydrogen-rich raw materials is one of the main research directions for improving oil yield and quality.
[0004] Based on the above, in order to improve the yield of pyrolysis tar and reduce the residence time of tar in the reactor, it is necessary to invent a method for improving the yield and quality of tar by pyrolyzing lump coal with high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas, which can promote the clean and efficient utilization of coal. SUMMARY
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the problem of long residence time of coal pyrolysis tar in the reactor, which leads to secondary cracking of the tar at high temperature, resulting in low yield and poor quality of the tar. A process method is provided for improving the yield and quality of tar by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas as the reaction atmosphere and setting two tar outlets in the pyrolysis unit (1).
[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems by the following technical solutions: The present application provides a method and application for improving the yield and quality of tar by pyrolyzing lump coal with high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas. The process system includes a pyrolysis unit (1), a gas-solid separation unit (2), an oil-gas cooling unit (3), a gas combustion unit (4), a pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5), and a pyrolysis oil-gas flow control unit (6). The process flow also includes a lump coal stream (S1), a pyrolysis circulating gas stream (S2), an oxygen or oxygen-rich air stream (S3), a pyrolysis oil-gas 1 stream (S4), a pyrolysis oil-gas 2 stream (S5), a pulverized coke stream (S6), a tar stream (S7), a pyrolysis gas stream (S8), and a semi-coke stream (S9).
[0007] The coal pyrolysis unit (1) is provided with a coal inlet (101) at the top, a pyrolysis oil gas 1 outlet (102) at the upper end, and a pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) in the middle, and the two gas outlets are jointly connected with a gas-solid separation unit (2) and an oil gas cooling unit (3). The pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) controls the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas, so as to control the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduce the residence time of tar in the reactor. The pyrolysis circulating gas inlet (401) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) are arranged at the lower end of the coal pyrolysis unit and are connected with a gas combustion unit (4), and a semi-coke outlet (104) is arranged at the bottom. Part of the pyrolysis gas from the oil gas cooling unit (3) enters the gas combustion unit (4) through the pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5), and the remaining part (S8) is used in downstream devices. And realize in the following way: The coal (S1) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) through the coal inlet (101), the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3) enter the gas combustion unit (4) through the pyrolysis circulating gas inlet (401) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) respectively, and the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas generated by the gas combustion unit (4) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) for heat exchange and coal pyrolysis reaction. The pyrolysis oil gas 1 outlet (102) is arranged at the upper end of the coal pyrolysis unit (1), and the pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) is arranged in the middle. The pyrolysis gas flow control unit (6) of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) controls the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas, so as to control the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduce the residence time of tar in the reactor.
[0008] In the application, the gas-solid separation unit (2) is characterized in that: The gas-solid separation unit (2) is a cyclone separator.
[0009] In the application, the oil gas cooling unit (3) is characterized in that: The oil gas cooling unit (3) is a condensing device. The coolant of the condensing device is preferably water, and the temperature is 25 °C.
[0010] In the application, the pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) is characterized in that: The pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) is a pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) flow regulating device, and is used for conveying the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) to the gas combustion unit (4).
[0011] In the method, the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) is characterized in that the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) is a flow regulating device for realizing the distribution of the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas in the middle part of the pyrolysis unit (1). In the method, the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) is characterized in that the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) is a flow regulating device for realizing the distribution of the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas in the middle part of the pyrolysis unit (1).
[0012] In the method, the gas combustion unit (4) is characterized in that the gas combustion unit (4) is a gas combustion chamber. In the method, the gas combustion unit (4) is characterized in that the gas combustion unit (4) is a gas combustion chamber.
[0013] In the method, the pyrolysis unit (1) is characterized in that the coal pyrolysis unit (1) is a fixed bed reactor type. In the method, the pyrolysis unit (1) is characterized in that the coal pyrolysis unit (1) is a fixed bed reactor type.
[0014] The method for improving the tar yield and quality by pyrolyzing lump coal by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas comprises the following steps: (1) The lump coal enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) and is in reverse contact with the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas to transfer heat, and at a certain pyrolysis temperature, most of the tar in the coal is separated out, pyrolysis gas is generated, and semi-coke (S9) is produced; (2) The pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3) enter the gas combustion unit (4) through the pyrolysis circulating gas inlet (401) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) respectively, and the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas generated by the gas combustion unit (4) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1); (3) A part of the pyrolysis oil gas generated in the lower part of the coal pyrolysis unit (1) enters the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit, the upper pyrolysis oil gas 1 (S4) enters the gas-solid separation unit (2), and a part of the oil gas (S5) enters the gas-solid separation unit (2) after passing through the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) and the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6); (4) The pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet is used for regulating the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas, so as to control the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduce the residence time of the tar in the reactor; (5) The gas-solid separation unit (2) separates the pyrolysis oil gas into pyrolysis oil gas without solid particles and powdered coke (S6); (6) The pyrolysis oil gas separated by the gas-solid separation unit (2) enters an oil gas cooling unit (3), and the pyrolysis oil gas is further cooled in the oil gas cooling unit (3) to obtain pyrolysis gas and tar (S7). Part of the pyrolysis gas is transported to the gas combustion unit (4) as pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) through a pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5), and the remaining part (S8) is sent to downstream devices for use; (7) The pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) can adjust the flow of the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) for transporting the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) to the gas combustion unit (4).
[0015] In the present application, in step (1), the lump coal is coal particles with a particle size of 10 mm to 50 mm; the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas comes from the gas combustion unit (4), and the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas is 1000 to 1500 ℃, which is obtained by burning the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) and oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3); the coal pyrolysis temperature is generally the highest coal pyrolysis tar yield temperature, which is usually between 500 and 700 °C.
[0016] In the present application, in step (5), the gas-solid separation unit (2) is a cyclone separator.
[0017] In the present application, in step (6), the oil gas cooling unit (3) is indirect cooling, and the coolant is preferably water with a temperature of 25 °C.
[0018] In the present application, the flow of the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) can be adjusted by the pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5), and the proportion of the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) in the total pyrolysis gas is 50% to 90%. The proportion of the second part of the pyrolysis oil gas (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas can be changed by the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6), and the proportion of the second part of the pyrolysis oil gas (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas is 10% to 50%, so as to control the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduce the residence time of the tar in the reactor. The temperature of the first part of the pyrolysis oil gas (S4) is 300 to 500 °C, and the temperature of the second part of the pyrolysis oil gas (S5) is 500 to 700 ℃.
[0019] On the basis of conforming to the common sense in the art, the above-mentioned preferred conditions can be combined arbitrarily, that is, each preferred example of the present application is obtained.
[0020] The positive progress effect of the present application is that: (1) The high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis lump coal process of the present application uses high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas as the heat source and hydrogen source for the pyrolysis of lump coal, thereby improving the tar yield and improving the tar quality. (2) The high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis block coal process of the present application can adjust the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas in the pyrolysis unit (1) through the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6), realize the control of the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit, and reduce the residence time of the tar in the reactor, thereby improving the tar yield. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a process flow diagram in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The present application will be described more clearly and completely below with examples and in conjunction with the drawings. EMBODIMENT
[0023] As Figure 1 The process flow diagram of the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis block coal process in the present example is shown.
[0024] The present example provides a method for improving the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis block coal.
[0025] A method for producing high-quality tar by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis block coal, the process system comprises: a pyrolysis unit (1), a gas-solid separation unit (2), an oil gas cooling unit (3), a gas combustion unit (4), a pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) and a pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6). The process flow further comprises a block coal stream (S1), a pyrolysis circulating gas stream (S2), an oxygen or oxygen-enriched air stream (S3), a pyrolysis oil gas 1 stream (S4), a pyrolysis oil gas 2 stream (S5), a powdered coke stream (S6), a tar stream (S7), a pyrolysis gas stream (S8) and a semi-coke stream (S9).
[0026] The present example provides a process method for improving the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis block coal, which comprises the following steps: (1) The block coal (S1) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) and is in counter- contact heat transfer with the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas, the temperature of the coal particles rises to about 650 °C, most of the tar in the block coal is separated out, the pyrolysis gas is generated, and the semi-coke (S9) is produced; (2) The pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3) enter the gas combustion unit (4) through the pyrolysis circulating gas inlet (401) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) respectively, the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas generated by the gas combustion unit (4) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1); (3) A part of the pyrolysis oil gas generated in the lower part of the coal pyrolysis unit (1) enters the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit, and the upper part pyrolysis oil gas 1 (S4) enters the gas-solid separation unit (2); a part (S5) of the oil gas enters the gas-solid separation unit (2) after passing through the middle part pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) and the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6); (4) The pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) through the pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet adjusts the proportion of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas, so as to control the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduce the residence time of the tar in the reactor; (5) The gas-solid separation unit (2) separates the pyrolysis oil gas into pyrolysis oil gas not containing solid particles and powdered coke (S6); (6) The pyrolysis oil gas separated by the gas-solid separation unit (2) enters the oil gas cooling unit (3), and the pyrolysis oil gas is further cooled in the oil gas cooling unit (3) to obtain pyrolysis gas and tar (S7). A part of the pyrolysis gas is transported to the gas combustion unit (4) as the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) through the pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5), and the remaining part (S8) is sent to a downstream device for use; (7) The pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) can adjust the flow of the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) for transporting the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) to the gas combustion unit (4).
[0027] In the example, the proportion of the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) entering the gas combustion unit (4) in the total pyrolysis gas is 80%. The high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas entering from the bottom of the pyrolysis unit (1) is 1200 ℃, and the coal material in the pyrolysis unit (1) is heated to about 650 ℃. When the mass of the pyrolysis oil gas discharged from the middle part pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) of the pyrolysis unit (1) is 25% of the total mass of the pyrolysis oil gas, the temperature of the upper part of the pyrolysis unit (1) is about 350 ℃. The experiment shows that the tar yield of the oil-rich coal Grindon dry distillation is 15.34%, and the tar yield of the oil-rich coal in the example is 17.5%. The tar yield reaches more than 110% of the Grindon dry distillation tar yield. Compared with the inert atmosphere, the content of heavy components (>360 ℃ bitumen fraction) in the tar prepared in the hydrogen-rich atmosphere is reduced by about 4-7 wt.%, and the total content of light components is increased by about 5-8 wt.%.
[0028] Table 1 is the coal quality analysis in the example, and Table 2 is the main stream data in the example. Table 1 is the coal quality analysis in the example. Table 2 is the main stream data in the example. logistics S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 temperature, °C 25 25 25 350 650 489 25 25 650 pressure, MPa 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.35 0.2 0.15 0.15 0.2 solids coal, t / h 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 pulverized coke, t / h 0 0 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0 0 0 semi-coke, t / h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 gas CO, Nm 3 / h]] 0 1451.84 0 1015.3 799.5 0 0 362.96 0 H2, Nm 3 / h]] 0 2492.88 0 1698.8 1417.3 0 0 623.22 0 CH4, Nm 3 / h]] 0 1149.04 0 775.75 660.55 0 0 287.26 0 CO2, Nm 3 / h]] 0 3216.48 0 2072.8 1947.8 0 0 804.12 0 H2O, Nm 3 / h]] 0 0 0 1547.75 1348.75 0 0 0 0 C2H6, Nm 3 / h]] 0 65.52 0 54.85 27.05 0 0 16.38 0 C3H6, Nm 3 / h]] 0 51.04 0 39.7 24.1 0 0 12.76 0 C3H8, Nm 3 / h]] 0 50.72 0 41.7 22.6 0 0 12.68 0 O2, Nm 3 / h]] 0 0 1695 0 0 0 0 0 0 tar, t / h 0 0 0 2.35 1.15 0 3.5 0 0 water, t / h 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.8 0 0
Claims
1. A process for improving the tar yield and quality by pyrolysis of lump coal using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas, characterized in that, The process comprises a coal pyrolysis unit (1), a gas-solid separation unit (2), an oil-gas cooling unit (3), a gas combustion unit (4), a pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) and a pyrolysis oil-gas flow control unit (6). The process further comprises a lump coal stream (S1), a pyrolysis circulating gas stream (S2), an oxygen or oxygen-enriched air stream (S3), a pyrolysis oil-gas 1 stream (S4), a pyrolysis oil-gas 2 stream (S5), a pulverized coke stream (S6), a tar stream (S7), a pyrolysis gas stream (S8) and a semi-coke stream (S9); The coal pyrolysis unit (1) is provided with a coal inlet (101) at the top, a pyrolysis oil-gas 1 outlet (102) at the upper end, a pyrolysis oil-gas 2 outlet (103) at the middle, and a semi-coke outlet (104) at the bottom. The two outlets are connected to the gas-solid separation unit (2) and the oil-gas cooling unit (3). The lower end of the coal pyrolysis unit (1) is provided with a pyrolysis circulating gas inlet (401) and an oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) and is connected to the gas combustion unit (4). The high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas from the gas combustion unit (4) enters the bottom of the coal pyrolysis unit (1) and is in countercurrent contact with the lump coal in the coal pyrolysis unit (1) for heat transfer.
2. The method for improving the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coal enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) through the coal inlet (101), the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3) enter the gas combustion unit (4) through the pyrolysis circulating gas inlet (401) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) respectively, and the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas generated by the gas combustion unit (4) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) for heat exchange and coal pyrolysis reaction. The pyrolysis oil-gas 1 outlet (102) is arranged at the upper end of the coal pyrolysis unit (1) and the pyrolysis oil-gas 2 outlet (103) is arranged at the middle. The pyrolysis oil-gas flow control unit (6) at the pyrolysis oil-gas 2 outlet (103) controls the proportion of the pyrolysis oil-gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil-gas, controls the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduces the residence time of the tar in the reactor.
3. The method for improving the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas-solid separation unit (2) is a cyclone separator.
4. The method for improving the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal according to claim 1, characterized in that The oil-gas cooling unit (3) is a condensing device, and the coolant of the condensing device is preferably water.
5. The method for increasing the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal according to claim 1, characterized in that The pyrolysis circulating gas compression unit (5) is a pyrolysis circulating gas flow adjusting device for delivering the pyrolysis circulating gas (S2) to the gas combustion unit (4).
6. The method for increasing tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal according to claim 1, characterized in that The pyrolysis oil-gas flow control unit (6) is a flow adjusting device for controlling the proportion of the pyrolysis oil-gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil-gas in the middle of the coal pyrolysis unit (1).
7. A method for improving the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) The lump coal (S1) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1) and is in countercurrent contact with the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas for heat transfer. At a certain pyrolysis temperature, most of the tar and pyrolysis gas in the lump coal are separated, and semi-coke (S9) is produced. (2) The pyrolysis cycle gas (S2) and oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3) enter the gas combustion unit (4) through the pyrolysis cycle gas inlet (401) and the oxygen or oxygen-enriched air inlet (402) respectively, and the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas generated by the gas combustion unit (4) enters the coal pyrolysis unit (1); (3) A part of the pyrolysis oil gas generated in the lower part of the coal pyrolysis unit (1) enters the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit, and the upper pyrolysis oil gas 1 (S4) enters the gas-solid separation unit (2); a part of the oil gas (S5) enters the gas-solid separation unit (2) after passing through the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) and the pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6); (4) The pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) through the pyrolysis oil gas 2 outlet (103) adjusts the proportion of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas, realizes the control of the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduces the residence time of the tar in the reactor; (5) The gas-solid separation unit (2) separates the pyrolysis oil gas into pyrolysis oil gas without solid particles and powdered coke (S6); (6) The pyrolysis oil gas separated by the gas-solid separation unit (2) enters the oil gas cooling unit (3), and the pyrolysis oil gas is further cooled in the oil gas cooling unit (3) to obtain pyrolysis gas and tar (S7). Part of the pyrolysis gas is transported to the gas combustion unit (4) as the pyrolysis cycle gas (S2) through the pyrolysis cycle gas compression unit (5), and the remaining part (S8) is discharged to the downstream device for use; (7) The pyrolysis cycle gas compression unit (5) can adjust the flow of the pyrolysis cycle gas (S2) for transporting the pyrolysis cycle gas (S2) to the gas combustion unit (4).
8. The method for increasing the tar yield and quality by using high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas pyrolysis of lump coal according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step (1), the lump coal is coal particles with a particle size of 10 mm to 50 mm; the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas comes from the gas combustion unit (4), and the temperature of the high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas is 1000-1500 °C, which is obtained by burning the pyrolysis cycle gas (S2) and oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (S3); the coal pyrolysis temperature is generally the highest tar yield temperature of coal pyrolysis, which is usually between 500-700 °C; In step (5), the gas-solid separation unit (2) is a cyclone separator; In step (6), the oil gas cooling unit (3) is indirect cooling, and the coolant is water with a temperature of 25 °C; The pyrolysis cycle gas compression unit (5) can adjust the flow of the pyrolysis cycle gas (S2), and the proportion of the pyrolysis cycle gas (S2) in the total pyrolysis gas is 50%-90%. The pyrolysis oil gas flow control unit (6) can change the proportion of the middle pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas in the coal pyrolysis unit (1), and the proportion of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) in the total pyrolysis oil gas is 10%-50%, which realizes the control of the temperature of the upper part of the coal pyrolysis unit and reduces the residence time of the tar in the reactor. The temperature of the pyrolysis oil gas 1 (S4) is 300-500 °C, and the temperature of the pyrolysis oil gas 2 (S5) is 500-700 °C.
9. The method for improving the yield and quality of tar by pyrolyzing lump coal with high-temperature hydrogen-rich flue gas according to any one of claims 1-6, in the field of coal pyrolysis for tar and pyrolysis gas.