Sensitization system for matching explosive density of on-site mixed emulsion explosive truck with rock density

Abstract

The invention discloses a sensitization system for matching explosive density with rock density of an on-site mixed loading emulsion explosive truck. The sensitization system comprises a density data acquisition unit used for detecting the rock density rho r of a target area; the emulsion matrix conveying unit is used for conveying an emulsion matrix according to a preset flow Qm, forming a water film coated with a slow-release agent outside the emulsion matrix through a water ring, and conveying the water film to an emulsion matrix inlet of the static mixer through an independent pipeline; the sensitizer pump control unit is used for dynamically matching the sensitizer conveying flow QS according to the rock density rho r and the emulsion matrix conveying flow Qm, and conveying the sensitizer to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer through an independent pipeline; the static mixer is used for controlling the shear rate so that the materials are only physically mixed. By means of the tail end mixing and dynamic control technology, the problems that in a traditional sensitization mode, the pressure fluctuation of an explosive conveying pipe is large, and the explosive density cannot be adjusted are solved, and meanwhile the explosive density can be adjusted in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of field-mixed emulsion explosives trucks, and more particularly to a sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to the density of rocks in field-mixed emulsion explosives trucks. Background Technology

[0002] In traditional front-end sensitization systems, such as Figure 3 As shown, the latex matrix and sensitizer foam immediately after mixing at the screw pump outlet, causing a sharp increase in the viscosity of the fluid inside the delivery tubing. Because the foaming reaction is time-dependent (usually requiring 5–10 minutes for complete reaction), the unreacted mixture continues to expand inside the pipeline, creating alternating local high-pressure and low-pressure zones.

[0003] In the end-sensitization system, the reference Figure 4 Although the reaction is delayed by water ring stratified delivery, the interfacial contact between the sensitizer and the latex matrix will still generate turbulence when flowing through rotary joints or where the pipe diameter changes abruptly (such as in a core-locking structure), accelerating the local mixing reaction. This non-uniform foaming process leads to a further increase in pressure fluctuations, especially in deep-hole charging (>20m), where pressure instability can cause charging interruptions and seriously affect the blasting advance.

[0004] The existing system needs to transport partially sensitized emulsion explosive semi-finished products at 70℃ and 1.2MPa. Studies have shown that under dynamic shear (such as flowing through a static mixer) or temperature fluctuations, the microbubble structure of such semi-finished explosives is prone to coalescence, leading to a sudden drop in density and the release of a large amount of gas. If the delivery tube is partially blocked (such as by bending or depositing impurities), the pressure inside the tube may momentarily exceed 2.0MPa, surpassing the rated pressure limit of the tube, posing risks such as tube rupture and detachment of connections such as tube buckles.

[0005] Meanwhile, traditional sensitization systems use a fixed ratio of sensitizer (e.g., a latex matrix to sensitizer volume ratio of 96:1), which cannot adapt to the dynamic changes in rock density at the blasting site. For example, in granite (density 2700–3000 kg / m³),... 3 ) and shale (density 2200–2500 kg / m³) 3 In alternating strata, fixed-density explosives (e.g., 1100 kg / m³) 3 This can lead to insufficient energy in hard rock areas (under-blasting) or excessive energy in soft rock areas (over-blasting). Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. To this end, one objective of this invention is to propose a sensitization system for on-site mixing of emulsion explosives to match the density of the rock. Through end-of-line mixing and dynamic control technology, this system solves the problems of large pressure fluctuations in the delivery pipe, unadjustable explosive density, and significant safety hazards inherent in traditional sensitization methods.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention proposes a sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in an on-site mixed emulsion explosive vehicle, comprising a density data acquisition unit, an emulsion matrix delivery unit, a sensitizer pump control unit, and a static mixer;

[0008] The density data acquisition unit is used to collect the rock density ρ of the target area. r ;

[0009] The latex matrix conveying unit is used to convey the latex matrix at a preset flow rate m. A water film coated with a slow-release agent is formed on the outside of the latex matrix through a water ring, and the latex matrix is ​​conveyed to the latex matrix inlet of the static mixer through a separate pipeline.

[0010] The sensitizer pump control unit is used to adjust the rock density ρ according to the rock density ρ r and latex matrix delivery flow rate Q m Dynamic matching of sensitizer delivery flow rate Q S And it is delivered to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer via a separate pipeline;

[0011]

[0012] Where, ρ m ρ is the density of the latex matrix. d ρ is the density of the explosive. d =k·ρ r k is the matching coefficient, calibrated through blasting tests; ρ s k is the density of the sensitizer. temp This is a temperature correction factor;

[0013] The static mixer is used to control the shear rate so that the materials are only physically mixed, and the mixed materials are conveyed from the outlet to the borehole.

[0014] Preferably, the latex matrix conveying unit includes a latex matrix storage tank and a latex matrix pump; the sensitizer pump control unit includes a sensitizer storage tank, a second proportional valve, a sensitizer pump, and a controller; the static mixer is equipped with a dual-channel hose near the inlet; the sensitizer storage tank is connected to the inlet of channel one of the dual-channel hoses via a sensitizer pipeline; the outlet of channel one of the dual-channel hoses is connected to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer; the sensitizer pipeline sequentially connects the sensitizer pump and the second proportional valve in the sensitizer conveying direction; the signal input terminal of the second proportional valve is connected to the signal output terminal of the controller; the outlet of the latex matrix storage tank is connected to the inlet of a water ring via the latex matrix pump; the outlet of the water ring is connected to the inlet of channel two of the dual-channel hoses; the outlet of channel two of the dual-channel hoses is connected to the latex matrix inlet of the static mixer; the sensitizer pump operates based on the output of the latex matrix pump and the overall rock density ρ of the target area. r The controller controls the proportional valve to adjust the real-time addition amount of the sensitizer pump, ultimately achieving the goal of matching the density of the emulsion explosive with the density of the rock.

[0015] Preferably, the inlet of the water ring is connected to a slow-release agent tank via a slow-release agent pipeline, and the slow-release agent pipeline is provided with a water ring pump and a proportional valve in sequence in the slow-release agent delivery direction.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature correction coefficient k temp :

[0017] k temp =1 - 0.005(T-25)

[0018] Where T is the ambient temperature.

[0019] Preferably, the inner wall of the second channel of the dual-channel hose consists of a latex matrix layer, a water film formed by a slow-release agent, and the wall of the second channel, arranged sequentially from the center of the tube diameter to the outside.

[0020] Preferably, the slow-release agent tank contains a baking soda solution.

[0021] Preferably, the rock density ρ of the granite r 2700-3000 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.85; the rock density ρ of shale is... r 2200–2500 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.95; the rock density ρ of sandstone r 2400–2600 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.90.

[0022] Preferably, the static mixer shear rate is <50s. -1 .

[0023] Secondly, the present invention proposes a method for operating a sensitization system for matching the density of explosives in an on-site mixed emulsion explosive vehicle to the density of rock, comprising any one of the aforementioned sensitization systems for matching the density of explosives in an on-site mixed emulsion explosive vehicle to the density of rock, the method steps of which are as follows:

[0024] S1: Use the density data acquisition unit to collect the rock density ρ within a specified depth range in a specified area. r This forms the relationship between surface depth H and rock density ρ. r The function curve;

[0025] S2: Apply the surface depth H and rock density ρ obtained in step S1 r The function curve that correlates surface depth H with rock density ρ r The function curve is converted to the relationship between surface depth H and explosive density ρ. d The function curve;

[0026] S3: Obtain the latex matrix flow rate Q delivered by the latex matrix delivery unit. m and latex matrix density ρ m and sensitizer density ρ s According to the formula:

[0027]

[0028] Formation of surface depth H and sensitizer transport flow rate Q S The function curve;

[0029] S4: Apply the surface depth H and sensitizer delivery flow rate Q obtained in step S3. S The function curve is used to dynamically adjust the sensitizer delivery flow rate Q by controlling the proportional valve 2 through the PWM signal output by the controller. S .

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0031] (1) By end mixing, the latex matrix and sensitizer are transported separately to the static mixer through two sets of channels in the dual-channel tubing, which completely eliminates the reaction in the delivery tubing and reduces pressure fluctuations;

[0032] (2) Dynamic density control to achieve explosive density ρ d With rock density ρ r Precise matching solves the problem of under-explosion or over-explosion during the blasting process;

[0033] (3) The system can optimize the performance of explosives in real time according to the rock density, which significantly improves blasting efficiency and economy. Attached Figure Description

[0034] In the attached diagram:

[0035] Figure 1 This invention presents a process flow diagram of a sensitization system for matching the density of explosives in an on-site mixed emulsion explosive vehicle to the density of rocks.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to the density of rocks in a field-mixed emulsion explosive vehicle, as proposed in this invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the existing front-end sensitization process proposed in this invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the existing end-sensitization process proposed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 5 The graph shows the pressure variation of latex matrix conveying under different sensitization methods during intermittent start-stop conveying, without clearing residual material, as proposed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 6 The graph shows the pressure variation of latex matrix conveying pressure at different time points under different sensitization methods in the case of continuous conveying without emptying residual material, as proposed in this invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the change in latex matrix density over time under different concentrations of sustained-release agents proposed in this invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1-Sensitizer storage tank, 2-Slow-release agent tank, 3-Latex matrix storage tank, 4-Water ring, 5-Dual-channel hose, 6-Roller, 7-Proportioning valve one, 8-Proportioning valve two, 9-Sensitizer pump, 10-Water ring pump, 11-Latex matrix pump, 12-Slow-release agent pipeline, 13-Sensitizer pipeline, 14-Static mixer. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in an on-site mixing emulsion explosive vehicle includes a density data acquisition unit, an emulsion matrix delivery unit, a sensitizer pump control unit, and a static mixer.

[0044] The density data acquisition unit is used to collect the rock density ρ of the target area. r ;

[0045] Specifically, the density data acquisition unit can use a gamma-ray densitometer installed on a drilling rig to detect rock density in real time.

[0046] The latex matrix delivery unit is used to deliver the latex matrix at a preset flow rate Q. mThe latex matrix is ​​transported by forming a water film coated with a slow-release agent on the outside of the latex matrix through a water ring, and then transported to the latex matrix inlet of the static mixer through a separate pipeline;

[0047] The sensitizer pump control unit is used to determine the rock density ρ. r and latex matrix delivery flow rate Q m Dynamic matching of sensitizer delivery flow rate Q S And it is delivered to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer via a separate pipeline;

[0048]

[0049] Where, ρ m ρ is the density of the latex matrix. d ρ is the density of the explosive. d =k·ρ r k is the matching coefficient, calibrated through blasting tests, with a value range of 0.8–1.2; ρ s k is the density of the sensitizer. temp This is a temperature correction factor;

[0050] The static mixer 14 is used to control the shear rate so that the materials are only physically mixed, and the mixed materials are conveyed from the outlet to the borehole.

[0051] Obviously, based on the above: by separately transporting the latex matrix and sensitizer to the static mixer through two sets of channels, the reaction within the delivery tube is completely eliminated, pressure fluctuations are reduced, and the explosive density ρ is achieved through dynamic density control. d With rock density ρ r Precise matching.

[0052] Specifically, the table below shows how to obtain each parameter;

[0053] Table 1. Parameter Correspondence Table for Sensitization System

[0054]

[0055] In this embodiment, the latex matrix conveying unit includes a latex matrix storage tank 3 and a latex matrix pump 11; the sensitizer pump control unit includes a sensitizer storage tank 1, a proportional valve 2 8, a sensitizer pump 9, and a controller; the static mixer 14 is equipped with a dual-channel hose 5 near the inlet, the sensitizer storage tank 1 is connected to the inlet of channel one of the dual-channel hose 5 through a sensitizer pipeline 13, the outlet of channel one of the dual-channel hose 5 is connected to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer 14, the sensitizer pipeline 13 is sequentially equipped with the sensitizer pump 9 and the proportional valve 2 8 in the sensitizer conveying direction, the signal input terminal of the proportional valve 2 8 is connected to the signal output terminal of the controller, the discharge port of the latex matrix storage tank 3 is connected to the inlet of a water ring 4 through the latex matrix pump 11, the discharge port of the water ring 4 is connected to the inlet of channel two of the dual-channel hose 5, the outlet of channel two of the dual-channel hose 5 is connected to the latex matrix inlet of the static mixer 14, the sensitizer pump 9 is based on the output of the latex matrix pump 11, and the sensitizer pump 9 is based on the rock density ρ of the target area. r The controller controls the proportional valve 28 to adjust the real-time addition amount of the sensitizer pump 9, ultimately achieving the goal of matching the density of the emulsion explosive with the density of the rock.

[0056] Obviously, based on the above: the dual-channel hose 5 allows the latex matrix and sensitizer to be delivered to the static mixer 14 through separate pipes, avoiding pre-reaction in the delivery pipe. At the same time, the proportional valve 8 can be controlled by the controller to adjust the sensitizer delivery flow rate, ultimately achieving the goal of matching the density of the emulsion explosive with the density of the rock.

[0057] In this embodiment, the inlet of the water ring 4 is connected to the slow-release agent tank 2 through the slow-release agent pipeline 12. The slow-release agent pipeline 12 is provided with a water ring pump 10 and a proportional valve 7 in sequence in the slow-release agent delivery direction.

[0058] Specifically, the essence of sensitization:

[0059] In on-site mixed emulsion explosives, the reaction mechanism of sodium nitrite (NaNO2) as a sensitizer mainly involves its decomposition under acidic conditions to produce gases (mainly NO and N2), forming microbubbles, thereby enhancing the detonation sensitivity of the explosive. The following is a detailed analysis of the reaction mechanism and process:

[0060] Chemical decomposition reaction of sodium nitrite

[0061] In emulsion explosives, sodium nitrite is usually reacted with acidic components (such as trace amounts of H+ in ammonium nitrate solution). + (Or an added acid) reacts to produce unstable nitrous acid (HNO2), which then decomposes to produce gas.

[0062] Formation of nitrous acid:

[0063] NaNO2+H + →HNO2 + Na +

[0064] Decomposition of nitrous acid:

[0065] 3HNO2→HNO3+2NO+H2O

[0066] Further reactions of NO: The generated NO may react with oxygen or react with itself to form nitrogen oxides (such as NO2, N2O3) or nitrogen gas (N2):

[0067] 2NO + O2 → 2NO2 (if oxygen is present)

[0068] 2NO→N2O2 (dimer)

[0069] 2HNO2→N2O3+H2O

[0070] Ultimately, N2 may be generated through a complex reaction:

[0071] 2HNO2→N2+2H2O+O2

[0072] Bubble sensitization mechanism:

[0073] The gases (NO, N2, etc.) produced by the decomposition of sodium nitrite form tiny bubbles in the emulsion explosive matrix, and their functions include:

[0074] Hotspot formation: When a bubble is impacted or explodes, it undergoes adiabatic compression, and the local high temperature triggers a detonation.

[0075] Lowering the critical diameter: Bubbles make explosives easier to detonate, increasing sensitivity.

[0076] Optimize detonation propagation: Uniformly distributed bubbles enhance the efficiency of detonation wave transmission.

[0077] Key factors in practical applications:

[0078] pH control: A slightly acidic environment (pH 3-5) needs to be maintained to promote the decomposition of sodium nitrite, but excessive acidity will cause the reaction to be too fast and the bubbles to be unevenly distributed.

[0079] Temperature effect: Increased temperature will accelerate decomposition, and the timing of addition needs to be adjusted according to the process.

[0080] Safety: Sodium nitrite is an oxidizing agent and should be kept away from reducing substances to prevent accidental reactions.

[0081] The mechanism by which sustained-release agents inhibit sensitization reactions:

[0082] In the sensitization process of emulsion explosives, if a strong base-weak acid salt (such as sodium bicarbonate) is added as a slow-release agent, it will consume H+ in the system through a neutralization reaction. +This slows down the decomposition reaction of sodium nitrite (NaNO2), thereby controlling the sensitization rate. The following is a detailed mechanism analysis:

[0083] Neutralization mechanism of sustained-release agents:

[0084] Baking soda (NaHCO3), as a strong base-weak acid salt, dissociates and hydrolyzes in water to generate OH-, neutralizing the H+ in the system. + :

[0085] NaHCO3→Na + +HCO3 -

[0086]

[0087] H + +OH - →H2O (direct neutralization)

[0088] Or H2 is consumed directly through bicarbonate ions. + :

[0089] HCO3 - +H + →H₂CO₃→CO₂↑+H₂O

[0090] The effects of sustained-release agents: The system pH increases, H+... + The reduced concentration directly inhibits the acidic environment required for the decomposition of sodium nitrite.

[0091] Mechanism of retardation of sodium nitrite sensitization reaction:

[0092] The decomposition of sodium nitrite depends on H. + (See the aforementioned reaction):

[0093] NaNO2+H + →HNO2 + Na +

[0094] After adding baking soda:

[0095] H + As it is consumed, the rate of nitrite (HNO2) formation decreases.

[0096] The decrease in HNO2 concentration leads to a corresponding slowdown in the rate of its decomposition and gas production (NO / N2).

[0097] Delayed bubble formation prolongs the sensitization process, allowing the explosive to remain in a "low-sensitivity" state for longer.

[0098] Dynamic equilibrium and reaction regulation

[0099] pH buffering effect: HCO3 - / CO32- The system forms a buffer solution to resist sudden pH changes, allowing H to... + The concentration should be maintained at a low but stable level to avoid sensitization reactions occurring too early or too late.

[0100] The auxiliary role of CO2: CO2 produced by the decomposition of baking soda may participate in the formation of a small number of bubbles, but because of its high solubility (easily escapes or dissolves in the aqueous phase), its contribution to sensitization is far less than that of NO / N2.

[0101] Significance in practical applications:

[0102] Controlling sensitization time: Delays bubble formation, suitable for on-site mixing processes that require long operation times (such as long-distance pumping).

[0103] Stability optimization: Reduces premature gas escape and ensures the detonation performance of the explosive after loading.

[0104] in conclusion:

[0105] By adding a slow-release agent, the H in the emulsion explosive can be effectively neutralized. + This slows down the sensitization reaction rate of sodium nitrite, thus achieving controllable sensitization.

[0106] Obviously, based on the above: the setting of the slow-release agent allows the reaction to start with a delay inside the borehole. The specific slow-release agent is a strong base weak acid salt (baking soda), with a typical delay time of 30-120 seconds.

[0107] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the second channel of the dual-channel tubing 5 consists of a latex matrix layer, a water film formed by a slow-release agent, and the tube wall of the second channel, arranged sequentially from the center of the tube diameter to the outside.

[0108] Clearly, based on the above, the water film formed by the slow-release agent can further delay the reaction, allowing the materials to be physically mixed in the static mixer, thus postponing the reaction between the latex matrix and the sensitizer to the borehole.

[0109] In this embodiment, the rock density ρ of the granite r 2700-3000 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.85; the rock density ρ of shale is... r 2200–2500 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.95; the rock density ρ of sandstone r 2400–2600 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.90.

[0110] Specifically, as shown in Table 2:

[0111] Table 2 Statistical Table of Explosion Experiments

[0112]

[0113] In this embodiment, the shear rate of the static mixer 14 is <50s. -1 .

[0114] Obviously, based on the above: by controlling the shear rate of the static mixer 14, the materials are physically mixed in the static mixer 14.

[0115] Secondly, the present invention proposes a method for operating a sensitization system for matching the density of explosives in an on-site mixed emulsion explosive vehicle to the density of rock, comprising any one of the aforementioned sensitization systems for matching the density of explosives in an on-site mixed emulsion explosive vehicle to the density of rock, and the method steps are as follows:

[0116] S1: Use the density data acquisition unit to collect the rock density ρ within a specified depth range in a specified area. r This forms the relationship between surface depth H and rock density ρ. r The function curve;

[0117] S2: Apply the surface depth H and rock density ρ obtained in step S1 r The function curve that correlates surface depth H with rock density ρ r The function curve is converted to the relationship between surface depth H and explosive density ρ. d The function curve;

[0118] S3: Obtain the latex matrix flow rate Q delivered by the latex matrix delivery unit. m and latex matrix density ρ m and sensitizer density ρ s According to the formula:

[0119]

[0120] Formation of surface depth H and sensitizer transport flow rate Q S The function curve;

[0121] S4: Apply the surface depth H and sensitizer delivery flow rate Q obtained in step S3. S The function curve is used to dynamically adjust the sensitizer delivery flow rate Q by controlling the proportional valve 28 through the PWM signal output by the controller. S .

[0122] Specifically, the following table shows the density control table obtained using this method, with the following settings:

[0123] (ρ d =1100kg / m 3 (ρ r =2500kg / m 3 (k = 0.85)

[0124] Table 3 Density Control Table

[0125] parameter Setting value Measured mean error <![CDATA[Q m ]]> <![CDATA[0.5m 3 / min]]> <![CDATA[0.502m 3 / min]]> +0.4％ <![CDATA[Q S ]]> <![CDATA[0.12m 3 / min]]> <![CDATA[0.118m 3 / min]]> -1.7％ <![CDATA[ρ d ]]> <![CDATA[1100kg / m 3 ]]> <![CDATA[1122kg / m 3 ]]> +2.0％

[0126] To more clearly illustrate the implementation plan and its effects, we will use the attached diagram as an example:

[0127] Reference Figure 5 The following describes the fluctuations in conveying pressure during intermittent start-stop conveying without emptying the remaining material:

[0128] At an ambient temperature of 25℃ and a matrix temperature of 65℃, the latex matrix delivery pressure (kg) under three different sensitization methods was tested without rinsing. The pressure changes at different time points during delivery were measured. Blue dots represent delivery using the existing front-end sensitization method, brown dots represent delivery using the existing end-end sensitization method, and gray dots represent delivery using the method disclosed in this invention.

[0129] Depend on Figure 5 It is known that under the action of front-end or end-end sensitization, the sensitizer will react with the latex matrix to varying degrees, resulting in pressure fluctuations. Especially in artillery operations, if the time interval between the conversion of different boreholes is long, overpressure blockage may occur (the delivery pressure reaches more than 12 kg). In this case, it is necessary to clean the residual matrix in the delivery tube in time to ensure normal and safe delivery. Under the action of intelligent sensitization, there is no need to consider this problem, and there is no waste of matrix.

[0130] Reference Figure 6 Under continuous conveying conditions, the conveying pressure fluctuates as follows:

[0131] At an ambient temperature of 25℃ and a matrix temperature of 65℃, the pressure change of latex matrix delivery pressure (kg) under three different sensitization methods was tested continuously without rinsing, with data collection starting 3 minutes after delivery. The blue line represents delivery using the existing front-end sensitization method, the brown line represents delivery using the existing end-end sensitization method, and the yellow line represents delivery using the method disclosed in this invention.

[0132] Depend on Figure 6 It is known that in the case of front-end or end-end sensitization, the sensitizer reacts with the latex matrix, easily generating localized high pressure, which affects the overall delivery pressure and has a significant impact on the range of delivery pressure fluctuations. In the intelligent sensitization method, the latex matrix does not react with the sensitizer, the delivery medium is singular, it is less affected by external conditions, the delivery pressure is stable and the pressure value is low, making it inherently more stable and safer.

[0133] Reference Figure 7 Comparative data demonstrating the reaction rate of sustained-release agents on latex matrices such as sensitizers after mixing:

[0134] Assuming that at 25°C, the same batch of latex matrix (65°C) and the same concentration of sensitizer are mixed using a uniform static mixer, the latex matrix density (g / cm³) of three groups with different concentrations of slow-release agents is tested. 3 The change of ) over time (min).

[0135] Depend on Figure 7 It is known that adding different concentrations of slow-release agent will inhibit the reaction rate between the sensitizer and the latex matrix in the mixture for a certain period of time. That is, a certain concentration of slow-release agent can ensure that the mixing process of the sensitizer and the latex matrix only produces physical changes within a preset time.

[0136] In summary:

[0137] (i) This system uses end-of-pipe mixing to transport the latex matrix and sensitizer separately to the static mixer through two sets of channels in the dual-channel tubing, completely eliminating the reaction in the delivery tubing and reducing pressure fluctuations by 90%.

[0138] (II) Dynamic density control to achieve explosive density ρ d With rock density ρ r Precise matching solves the problem of under-blasting or over-blasting during the blasting process, with an error of <2%;

[0139] (iii) The system can optimize the performance of explosives in real time according to the rock density, which can significantly improve blasting efficiency and economy.

Claims

1. A sensitization system for on-site mixing of emulsion explosives to match the density of rock, characterized in that: Includes a density data acquisition unit, a latex matrix delivery unit, a sensitizer pump control unit, and a static mixer; The density data acquisition unit is used to collect the rock density ρ of the target area. r ; The latex matrix delivery unit is used to deliver the latex matrix according to a preset flow rate Q. m The latex matrix is ​​conveyed, and a water film coated with a slow-release agent is formed on the outside of the latex matrix through a water ring, and then conveyed to the latex matrix inlet of the static mixer through a separate pipeline; The sensitizer pump control unit is used to adjust the rock density ρ according to the rock density ρ r and latex matrix delivery flow rate Q m Dynamic matching of sensitizer delivery flow rate Q S And it is delivered to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer via a separate pipeline; Where, ρ m ρ is the density of the latex matrix. d ρ is the density of the explosive. d =k·ρ r k is the matching coefficient, calibrated through blasting tests; ρ s k is the density of the sensitizer. temp This is a temperature correction factor; The static mixer (14) is used to control the shear rate so that the materials are only physically mixed, and the mixed materials are transported from the outlet to the borehole.

2. The sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosives truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The latex matrix delivery unit includes a latex matrix storage tank (3) and a latex matrix pump (11); the sensitizer pump control unit includes a sensitizer storage tank (1), a proportional valve (8), a sensitizer pump (9), and a controller; the static mixer (14) is provided with a dual-channel hose (5) near the inlet, the sensitizer storage tank (1) is connected to the inlet of the dual-channel hose (5) through a sensitizer pipe (13), the outlet of the dual-channel hose (5) is connected to the sensitizer inlet of the static mixer (14), and the sensitizer pipe (13) is arranged sequentially in the sensitizer delivery direction. The sensitizer pump (9) and the proportional valve (8) are connected. The signal input terminal of the proportional valve (8) is connected to the signal output terminal of the controller. The outlet of the latex matrix storage tank (3) is connected to the inlet of the water ring (4) through the latex matrix pump (11). The outlet of the water ring (4) is connected to the inlet of the second channel of the dual-channel hose (5). The outlet of the second channel of the dual-channel hose (5) is connected to the latex matrix inlet of the static mixer (14). The sensitizer pump (9) is based on the output of the latex matrix pump (11) and the comprehensive target area rock density ρ. r The controller controls the proportional valve (8) to adjust the real-time addition amount of the sensitizer pump (9), so as to achieve the purpose of matching the density of the emulsion explosive with the density of the rock.

3. The sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosives truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the water ring (4) is connected to the slow-release agent tank (2) through the slow-release agent pipeline (12). The slow-release agent pipeline (12) is provided with a water ring pump (10) and a proportional valve (7) in sequence in the slow-release agent delivery direction.

4. The sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosives truck according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature correction coefficient k temp : k temp =1-0.005(T-25) Where T is the ambient temperature.

5. A sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosives truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the second channel of the dual-channel hose (5) consists of a latex matrix, a water film formed by a slow-release agent, and the wall of the second channel, arranged from the center of the tube diameter outwards.

6. The sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosives truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slow-release agent box (2) contains a sodium bicarbonate solution.

7. The sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosive vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock density ρ of granite r 2700-3000 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.85; the rock density ρ of shale is... r 2200–2500 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.95; the rock density ρ of sandstone r 2400–2600 kg / m 3 The matching coefficient k is 0.

90.

8. The sensitization system for matching the density of explosives to rock density in a field-mixed emulsion explosives truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static mixer (14) has a shear rate of <50s. -1 .

9. A method for operating a sensitization system for on-site mixing of emulsion explosives to match the density of rock, characterized in that: The method comprises a sensitization system for matching the density of explosives in a field-mixed emulsion explosive vehicle to the density of rock, as described in any one of claims 1-8, and the steps are as follows: S1: Use the density data acquisition unit to collect the rock density ρ within a specified depth range in a specified area. r This forms the relationship between surface depth H and rock density ρ. r The function curve; S2: Apply the surface depth H and rock density ρ obtained in step S1 r The function curve that correlates surface depth H with rock density ρ r The function curve is converted to the relationship between surface depth H and explosive density ρ. d The function curve; S3: Obtain the latex matrix flow rate Q delivered by the latex matrix delivery unit. m and latex matrix density ρ m and sensitizer density ρ s According to the formula: Formation of surface depth H and sensitizer transport flow rate Q S The function curve; S4: Apply the surface depth H and sensitizer delivery flow rate Q obtained in step S3. S The function curve is used to control the proportional valve (8) to dynamically adjust the sensitizer delivery flow rate Q by outputting a PWM signal from the controller. S .

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