Novel long-acting bird repellent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel long-acting bird repellent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chemical bird repelling. The bird repellent is composed of a core material and a wall material, the core material is a mixture of geraniol, cinnamyl aldehyde and allicin according to the mass ratio of 1: (1.2-1.5): (0.5-0.8), the wall material is modified beta-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles, and the mass ratio of the geraniol, the cinnamyl aldehyde and the allicin is (5-7): (3-5): (1-3). The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing the quaternary ammonium salt modified beta-cyclodextrin, including the core material, performing high-speed shearing emulsification on the quaternary ammonium salt modified beta-cyclodextrin and the pumpkin seed protein nano dispersion liquid, and performing freeze drying to obtain a final product. According to the invention, a stable and compact'molecular inclusion + physical barrier 'dual slow-release structure is constructed by utilizing the electrostatic interaction between the positively charged modified beta-cyclodextrin and the negatively charged protein nanoparticles, the release time of effective components is remarkably prolonged to 9 months or more, and the composite material has excellent rain wash resistance and ultraviolet resistance, and can be used for preparing a composite material with a good application prospect. And efficient, environment-friendly and long-acting bird repelling is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of chemical bird repellent technology, specifically relating to a novel long-acting bird repellent and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, due to the improvement of the ecological environment, increased public awareness of bird protection, and improvements in both the natural and human environment, the number of birds has increased year by year. However, this has also brought problems such as serious bird damage in orchards and rice paddies, and frequent accidents caused by birds affecting high-speed railways, airports, and power facilities. The safe operation of power transmission lines is crucial for ensuring uninterrupted power supply to users. Currently, bird damage to power transmission lines has become a major hidden danger affecting their safe operation, increasingly attracting the attention of power and high-speed rail departments. Therefore, how to control birds without affecting their survival has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] Currently, there are generally four methods for bird control in my country: using sound to deter birds; using visual methods to deter birds; using physical methods to prevent birds from entering; using chemical methods; or using several of these methods simultaneously. These methods generally have the following problems: sound-based bird control is labor-intensive, unsafe, and costly, and birds quickly adapt; visual bird control primarily uses lasers, and there are also technologies using specific wavelengths of blue light that have a significant impact on bird activity at night. In addition, colored windmills, mannequins, "frightening eyes," and reflective wind deflectors are also commonly used visual bird control methods at airports. Laser bird deterrents are relatively expensive and have certain usage limitations, making large-scale application difficult; physical methods include bird nets, bird spikes, and shotguns, but because they may directly harm birds, although they have a significant bird-repelling effect and are low-cost, they violate the "Wildlife Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" and disrupt the ecological balance; chemical bird repellents release a fragrant gas that affects the central nervous system of birds, causing them to fly away after smelling it and not return for a period of time, effectively driving them away without harming them. Currently used chemical bird repellents mainly include granular, powdered, liquid, and paste-like bird repellents, which are widely used in airports, orchards, and farmland. While all these types of bird repellents have some effect, they are susceptible to being washed away by rain. Rain significantly reduces their effectiveness, sometimes rendering them ineffective, requiring reapplication and increasing costs. Furthermore, at lower temperatures, the liquid evaporates more slowly, resulting in lower concentrations of the released odor and insufficient bird-repelling effect. In addition, the active ingredients in commercial bird repellents are mostly derived from imported fragrances and flavorings, which are expensive, and their effective release time is generally only about one month, making them unsuitable for use with power transmission lines. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient, long-lasting, weather-resistant, and effective bird repellent that is also safe and environmentally friendly and does not disrupt the ecological balance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel long-acting bird repellent. By employing a dual sustained-release and dual protection mechanism to construct a dual coating of modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles on the active ingredients, the active ingredients are not only extended in duration of action but also effectively protected, preventing failure caused by heavy rain. This results in a highly efficient, long-lasting, and weather-resistant bird repellent product.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A novel long-acting bird repellent comprises a core material and a wall material. The core material is composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a mass ratio of 1:(1.2-1.5):(0.5-0.8). The wall material is composed of modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles. The mass ratio of the core material, modified β-cyclodextrin, and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles is (5-7):(3-5):(1-3).

[0006] Preferably, the modified β-cyclodextrin is prepared by the following method: (1) Add β-cyclodextrin to deionized water, stir magnetically and heat to 50°C to dissolve it completely, then add NaOH and stir until completely dissolved, then cool to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Dissolve glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride in deionized water to obtain glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution; (3) Heat the mixed solution obtained in step (1) to 60-70℃, and then slowly add the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution dropwise into it using a constant pressure dropping funnel while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue to react under magnetic stirring for 8-12 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature and adjust the pH of the reaction solution system to neutral with dilute hydrochloric acid. Then pour the neutral reaction solution into 4-5 times the amount of anhydrous ethanol and stir until the precipitate is completely precipitated. Filter and collect the precipitate, wash it with acetone 3-5 times and dry it to obtain modified β-cyclodextrin.

[0007] Preferably, the molar ratio of β-cyclodextrin to NaOH is 1:(2-3).

[0008] Preferably, the molar ratio of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride to β-cyclodextrin is 2:1.

[0009] Preferably, the volume ratio of the mixed solution to the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution is 5:1.

[0010] Preferably, the pumpkin seed protein particles are prepared by the following method: pumpkin seed protein powder is dissolved in water to make a pumpkin seed protein solution, then the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution, trypsin is added and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 30-35℃ for 0.5-1h, then transglutaminase is added, the temperature is raised to 40℃ and enzymatically hydrolyzed for 1-2h, after which the enzyme is inactivated at high temperature, and the resulting product is freeze-dried at -40℃ for 3d to obtain pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles.

[0011] Preferably, the concentration of the pumpkin seed protein solution is 30-40 g / L; and the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1 mol / L.

[0012] Preferably, the amount of trypsin added is 1% of the mass of pumpkin seed protein powder; the amount of transglutaminase added is 0.5% of the mass of pumpkin seed protein powder.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned novel long-acting bird repellent, which includes the following steps: S1: Modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the above method and dispersed in a water and ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 2:1 at a ratio of 1g:5ml. The solution was homogenized at 10000±300r / min for 5 min using a high-speed homogenizer. Then, a core material composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin was added to the solution. After homogenization at high speed for 1-2 min, the system was heated to 35-40℃ and magnetically stirred for 2 h to obtain a core material encapsulation emulsion. S2: Prepare pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles and disperse them in deionized water to make a dispersion with a mass fraction of 2-3%; S3: Using the core material encapsulation emulsion obtained in S1 as the oil phase and the dispersion obtained in step S2 as the aqueous phase, the oil phase is slowly added to the aqueous phase under high-speed shearing of 10000-12000 r / min, with a volume ratio of oil phase to aqueous phase of 6:4. After continuous homogenization for 3-5 min, a composite emulsion is obtained. Then, it is frozen at -80℃ for 12 h and then freeze-dried under vacuum for 48 h to obtain the final product.

[0014] This invention employs a dual-encapsulation structure to achieve sustained release and protection of the core materials (geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin). Specifically, the first encapsulation structure utilizes quaternary ammonium salt-modified β-cyclodextrin to encapsulate the core materials, forming a stable inclusion complex. The modified β-cyclodextrin carries a positive charge, exhibiting better encapsulation ability and effectively encapsulating volatile active ingredients, thus slowing their release rate. The second encapsulation structure utilizes a protein membrane barrier formed by pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles. The negatively charged pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles and the positively charged modified β-cyclodextrin are tightly bound together by strong electrostatic attraction. This force is far stronger than the van der Waals force between ordinary β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles, forming a stable "composite interface membrane." This protein membrane has excellent film-forming properties and environmental stability, effectively resisting external environmental influences such as rainwater erosion and ultraviolet radiation. Furthermore, the dual-encapsulation structure constructed in this invention is not a simple physical barrier, but rather an intelligent and controllable sustained-release system. The inclusion complexation of modified β-cyclodextrin provides molecular-level sustained release, controlling the escape rate of the active ingredient through van der Waals forces and other mechanisms. Pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles, through cross-linking to form a nanoscale porous network structure, not only constitute a robust physical barrier but also create tiny, controllable release channels within their natural three-dimensional network structure. These channels allow the aroma molecules of the active ingredient to diffuse slowly and continuously, ensuring the long-lasting and stable bird-repelling effect, with an effective duration of up to several months. Under dry conditions, the protein nanofilm structure remains stable, and the release channels remain unobstructed, ensuring continuous volatilization of the active ingredient. When exposed to rain, the protein film swells to some extent upon contact with water, and the channels in its network structure temporarily contract, automatically slowing the release rate of the active ingredient and greatly reducing the instantaneous loss of the active ingredient caused by rain. After the rain stops, the structure recovers as the water evaporates, and the release rate returns to normal. This dynamic protection mechanism ensures the product's reliability under varying climates, fundamentally overcoming the shortcomings of existing bird repellents that are susceptible to rain damage and prone to inactivation.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The double capsule structure of the novel bird repellent product of the present invention not only significantly prolongs the release time of the active ingredient, but also enhances the weather resistance and environmental adaptability of the product, so that it can maintain a stable bird repellent effect under complex outdoor climate conditions.

[0016] (2) All raw materials used in this invention are natural or modified natural products, which are harmless to birds, do not disrupt the ecological balance, meet environmental protection requirements, and allow for quality control through clearly defined process parameters. They exhibit good reproducibility and are suitable for industrial production. The raw materials used are widely available and cost less than imported fragrances and flavorings, making them economically viable. Their excellent weather resistance and long-lasting properties make them suitable for a wide range of outdoor applications, including airports, high-speed rail, power facilities, and orchards, with broad prospects for promotion. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but it is not limited thereto.

[0018] Example 1 A novel long-acting bird repellent comprises a core material and a wall material. The core material is composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.5. The wall material is composed of modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles. The mass ratio of the core material, modified β-cyclodextrin, and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles is 5:3:1.

[0019] The modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the following method: (1) Add β-cyclodextrin to deionized water, stir magnetically and heat to 50°C to dissolve it completely, then add NaOH and stir until completely dissolved, then cool to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Dissolve glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride in deionized water to obtain glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution; (3) Heat the mixed solution obtained in step (1) to 60-70℃, and then slowly add the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution dropwise into it using a constant pressure dropping funnel while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue to react under magnetic stirring for 8-12 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature and adjust the pH of the reaction solution system to neutral with dilute hydrochloric acid. Then pour the neutral reaction solution into 4-5 times the amount of anhydrous ethanol and stir until the precipitate is completely precipitated. Filter and collect the precipitate, wash it with acetone 3-5 times and dry it to obtain modified β-cyclodextrin.

[0020] The molar ratio of β-cyclodextrin to NaOH is 1:2.

[0021] The molar ratio of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride to β-cyclodextrin is 2:1.

[0022] The volume ratio of the mixed solution to the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution is 5:1.

[0023] The pumpkin seed protein particles are prepared by the following method: pumpkin seed protein powder is dissolved in water to prepare a pumpkin seed protein solution with a concentration of 30 g / L. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. 1% trypsin is added and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 30-35℃ for 0.5-1 h. Then, 0.5% transglutaminase is added, and the temperature is raised to 40℃ for 1-2 h. After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated by high temperature. The obtained product is freeze-dried at -40℃ for 3 days to obtain pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles.

[0024] A method for preparing the above-mentioned novel long-acting bird repellent includes the following steps: S1: Modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the above method and dispersed in a water and ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 2:1 at a ratio of 1g:5ml. The solution was homogenized at 10000±300r / min for 5 min using a high-speed homogenizer. Then, a core material composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin was added to the solution. After homogenization at high speed for 1-2 min, the system was heated to 35-40℃ and magnetically stirred for 2 h to obtain a core material encapsulation emulsion. S2: Prepare pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles and disperse them in deionized water to make a dispersion with a mass fraction of 2%; S3: Using the core material encapsulation emulsion obtained in S1 as the oil phase and the dispersion obtained in step S2 as the aqueous phase, the oil phase is slowly added to the aqueous phase under high-speed shearing of 10000-12000 r / min, with a volume ratio of oil phase to aqueous phase of 6:4. After continuous homogenization for 3-5 min, a composite emulsion is obtained. Then, it is frozen at -80℃ for 12 h and then freeze-dried under vacuum for 48 h to obtain the final product.

[0025] Example 2 A novel long-acting bird repellent comprises a core material and a wall material. The core material is composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:0.8. The wall material is composed of modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles. The mass ratio of the core material, modified β-cyclodextrin, and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles is 7:5:3.

[0026] The modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the following method: (1) Add β-cyclodextrin to deionized water, stir magnetically and heat to 50°C to dissolve it completely, then add NaOH and stir until completely dissolved, then cool to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Dissolve glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride in deionized water to obtain glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution; (3) Heat the mixed solution obtained in step (1) to 60-70℃, and then slowly add the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution dropwise into it using a constant pressure dropping funnel while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue to react under magnetic stirring for 8-12 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature and adjust the pH of the reaction solution system to neutral with dilute hydrochloric acid. Then pour the neutral reaction solution into 4-5 times the amount of anhydrous ethanol and stir until the precipitate is completely precipitated. Filter and collect the precipitate, wash it with acetone 3-5 times and dry it to obtain modified β-cyclodextrin.

[0027] The molar ratio of β-cyclodextrin to NaOH is 1:3.

[0028] The molar ratio of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride to β-cyclodextrin is 2:1.

[0029] The volume ratio of the mixed solution to the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution is 5:1.

[0030] The pumpkin seed protein particles are prepared by the following method: pumpkin seed protein powder is dissolved in water to prepare a pumpkin seed protein solution with a concentration of 40 g / L. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. 1% trypsin is added and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 30-35℃ for 0.5-1 h. Then, 0.5% transglutaminase is added, and the temperature is raised to 40℃ for 1-2 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated by high temperature. The obtained product is freeze-dried at -40℃ for 3 days to obtain pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles.

[0031] A method for preparing the above-mentioned novel long-acting bird repellent includes the following steps: S1: Modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the above method and dispersed in a water and ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 2:1 at a ratio of 1g:5ml. The solution was homogenized at 10000±300r / min for 5 min using a high-speed homogenizer. Then, a core material composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin was added to the solution. After homogenization at high speed for 1-2 min, the system was heated to 35-40℃ and magnetically stirred for 2 h to obtain a core material encapsulation emulsion. S2: Prepare pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles and disperse them in deionized water to make a dispersion with a mass fraction of 3%; S3: Using the core material encapsulation emulsion obtained in S1 as the oil phase and the dispersion obtained in step S2 as the aqueous phase, the oil phase is slowly added to the aqueous phase under high-speed shearing of 10000-12000 r / min, with a volume ratio of oil phase to aqueous phase of 6:4. After continuous homogenization for 3-5 min, a composite emulsion is obtained. Then, it is frozen at -80℃ for 12 h and then freeze-dried under vacuum for 48 h to obtain the final product.

[0032] Example 3 A novel long-acting bird repellent comprises a core material and a wall material. The core material is composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a mass ratio of 1:1.4:0.6. The wall material is composed of modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles. The mass ratio of the core material, modified β-cyclodextrin, and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles is 3:2:1.

[0033] The modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the following method: (1) Add β-cyclodextrin to deionized water, stir magnetically and heat to 50°C to dissolve it completely, then add NaOH and stir until completely dissolved, then cool to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Dissolve glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride in deionized water to obtain glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution; (3) Heat the mixed solution obtained in step (1) to 60-70℃, and then slowly add the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution dropwise into it using a constant pressure dropping funnel while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue to react under magnetic stirring for 8-12 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature and adjust the pH of the reaction solution system to neutral with dilute hydrochloric acid. Then pour the neutral reaction solution into 4-5 times the amount of anhydrous ethanol and stir until the precipitate is completely precipitated. Filter and collect the precipitate, wash it with acetone 3-5 times and dry it to obtain modified β-cyclodextrin.

[0034] The molar ratio of β-cyclodextrin to NaOH is 1:2.

[0035] The molar ratio of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride to β-cyclodextrin is 2:1.

[0036] The volume ratio of the mixed solution to the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution is 5:1.

[0037] The pumpkin seed protein particles are prepared by the following method: pumpkin seed protein powder is dissolved in water to prepare a pumpkin seed protein solution with a concentration of 35 g / L. Then, the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. 1% trypsin is added and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 30-35℃ for 0.5-1 h. Then, 0.5% transglutaminase is added, and the temperature is raised to 40℃ for 1-2 h. After the enzymatic hydrolysis is completed, the enzyme is inactivated by high temperature. The obtained product is freeze-dried at -40℃ for 3 days to obtain pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles.

[0038] A method for preparing the above-mentioned novel long-acting bird repellent includes the following steps: S1: Modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the above method and dispersed in a water and ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 2:1 at a ratio of 1g:5ml. The solution was homogenized at 10000±300r / min for 5 min using a high-speed homogenizer. Then, a core material composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin was added to the solution. After homogenization at high speed for 1-2 min, the system was heated to 35-40℃ and magnetically stirred for 2 h to obtain a core material encapsulation emulsion. S2: Prepare pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles and disperse them in deionized water to make a dispersion with a mass fraction of 2.5%; S3: Using the core material encapsulation emulsion obtained in S1 as the oil phase and the dispersion obtained in step S2 as the aqueous phase, the oil phase is slowly added to the aqueous phase under high-speed shearing of 10000-12000 r / min, with a volume ratio of oil phase to aqueous phase of 6:4. After continuous homogenization for 3-5 min, a composite emulsion is obtained. Then, it is frozen at -80℃ for 12 h and then freeze-dried under vacuum for 48 h to obtain the final product.

[0039] Comparative Example 1 A bird repellent has a core material composition that is exactly the same as that in Example 1, namely, composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a mass ratio of 1:1.2:0.5, but without any coating treatment, the core material mixture is used directly as a bird repellent product.

[0040] Comparative Example 2 A bird repellent with a core material composition identical to that of Example 1. The wall material uses only modified β-cyclodextrin, in the same amount as the modified β-cyclodextrin in Example 1. The preparation method is as follows: the modified β-cyclodextrin is dispersed in a water-ethanol solution, added to the core material, homogenized and stirred for encapsulation, and then directly freeze-dried, omitting the step of compounding with pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles.

[0041] Comparative Example 3 A bird repellent with a core material composition identical to that of Example 1. The wall material uses only pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles, in the same amount as the mass of pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles in Example 1. The preparation method is as follows: the core material is directly mixed with a pumpkin seed protein nanoparticle dispersion, subjected to high-speed shear emulsification, and then freeze-dried, omitting the first step of modified β-cyclodextrin inclusion.

[0042] Comparative Example 4 A bird repellent, the composition and preparation method of its core and wall materials are basically the same as in Example 1. The only difference is that ordinary β-cyclodextrin is used instead of modified β-cyclodextrin.

[0043] Performance testing The following performance tests were performed on the samples prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0044] 1. Continuous evaporation time test Weigh 5.0g of each sample and spread it evenly in a petri dish. Place the dish in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25±2℃ and 50±5%. Weigh the samples at the same time every day until the weight no longer changes significantly (weight change rate <0.5% / day). Record the time (in days) required for the weight loss to reach 50% and 90% to evaluate the sustained-release effect. Each group was tested in triplicate, and the average value was taken. The specific results are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1. Results of Long-Term Effectiveness Test 2. Weather resistance test: Rain resistance test: Weigh 5.0g of each sample and spread it evenly in a petri dish. Use a simulated rainfall device with a rainfall rate of 20 mm / h to rinse for 30 minutes. After rinsing, dry the samples in a 40℃ oven and repeat the "continuous evaporation time test" mentioned above, recording the time required for 50% weight loss. Compare this time with the 50% weight loss time of the unrinsed sample to calculate the shelf life retention rate (50% weight loss time after rinsing / 50% weight loss time before rinsing × 100%) to evaluate its weather resistance.

[0046] UV irradiation test: The sample (10g) was placed under a UVB-313 lamp and irradiated for 72 hours (equivalent to one month of outdoor UV intensity). After irradiation, the residue was detected by GC, and the residue rate was calculated.

[0047] Table 2 Test Results As shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, Comparative Example 1 exhibits the worst performance across all categories. Comparative Examples 2 and 3 demonstrate significantly better long-lasting effects and weather resistance than Comparative Example 1, but are inferior to Examples 1-3. This indicates that while a single coating technology can extend the release time of the active ingredient to some extent, the effect is limited, with the longest effective time not exceeding 3 months. Comparative Example 4 outperforms Comparative Examples 2 and 3, but is significantly worse than Examples 1-3. This demonstrates that the strong electrostatic interaction between the modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles used in this invention forms a more stable composite capsule wall, thereby achieving extremely strong resistance to rain and UV irradiation. Furthermore, the dual capsule wall structure constructed in this invention is not a simple physical barrier, but rather an intelligent and controllable sustained-release system. The inclusion complexation of modified β-cyclodextrin first provides molecular-level sustained release, controlling the escape rate of the active ingredient through van der Waals forces and other mechanisms. The cross-linked nanoparticles of pumpkin seed protein form a nanoscale porous network structure, which, while constituting a robust physical barrier, also creates tiny, controllable release channels through its natural three-dimensional network structure. These channels allow the aroma molecules of the active ingredient to diffuse outward slowly and continuously, ensuring the long-lasting and stable bird-repellent effect. The effective duration can reach over 9 months, significantly superior to most bird repellent products on the market. Experimental research has shown that the amount and ratio of the raw materials used in this invention are optimal; changing the ratio of any raw material will correspondingly weaken the effect.

[0048] This invention successfully prepared a bird repellent product with high efficiency, long-lasting effect and excellent weather resistance, solving the technical problems of traditional bird repellents being susceptible to rain, easily becoming ineffective, and having a short duration of effect.

[0049] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Obviously, based on the above embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel long-lasting bird repellent, comprising a core material and a wall material, characterized in that, The core material is composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a mass ratio of 1:(1.2-1.5):(0.5-0.8), and the wall material is composed of modified β-cyclodextrin and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the core material, modified β-cyclodextrin, and pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles is (5-7):(3-5):(1-3).

2. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the following method: (1) Add β-cyclodextrin to deionized water, stir magnetically and heat to 50°C to dissolve it completely, then add NaOH and stir until completely dissolved, then cool to room temperature to obtain a mixed solution; (2) Dissolve glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride in deionized water to obtain glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution; (3) Heat the mixed solution obtained in step (1) to 60-70℃, and then slowly add the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution dropwise into it using a constant pressure dropping funnel while stirring. After the addition is complete, continue to react under magnetic stirring for 8-12 hours. After the reaction is complete, cool to room temperature and adjust the pH of the reaction solution system to neutral with dilute hydrochloric acid. Then pour the neutral reaction solution into 4-5 times the amount of anhydrous ethanol and stir until the precipitate is completely precipitated. Filter and collect the precipitate, wash it with acetone 3-5 times and dry it to obtain modified β-cyclodextrin.

3. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of β-cyclodextrin to NaOH is 1:(2-3).

4. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride to β-cyclodextrin is 2:

1.

5. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 2, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the mixed solution to the glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride solution is 5:

1.

6. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pumpkin seed protein particles are prepared by the following method: pumpkin seed protein powder is dissolved in water to make a pumpkin seed protein solution, then the pH is adjusted to 7.0 with sodium hydroxide solution, trypsin is added and enzymatically hydrolyzed at 30-35℃ for 0.5-1h, then transglutaminase is added, the temperature is raised to 40℃ and enzymatically hydrolyzed for 1-2h, after which the enzyme is inactivated at high temperature, and the obtained product is freeze-dried at -40℃ for 3d to obtain pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles.

7. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 6, characterized in that, The concentration of the pumpkin seed protein solution is 30-40 g / L; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1 mol / L.

8. The novel long-acting bird repellent according to claim 6, characterized in that, The amount of trypsin added is 1% of the mass of pumpkin seed protein powder; the amount of transglutaminase added is 0.5% of the mass of pumpkin seed protein powder.

9. A method for preparing a novel long-acting bird repellent according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Modified β-cyclodextrin was prepared using the above method and dispersed in a water and ethanol solution with a volume ratio of 2:1 at a ratio of 1g:5ml. The solution was homogenized at 10000±300 r / min for 5 min using a high-speed homogenizer. Then, a core material composed of geraniol, cinnamaldehyde, and allicin in a specific ratio was added. After continuing high-speed homogenization for 1-2 minutes, the system is heated to 35-40℃ and magnetically stirred for 2 hours to obtain the core material encapsulation emulsion. S2: Prepare pumpkin seed protein nanoparticles and disperse them in deionized water to make a dispersion with a mass fraction of 2-3%; S3: Using the core material encapsulation emulsion obtained in S1 as the oil phase and the dispersion obtained in step S2 as the aqueous phase, the oil phase is slowly added to the aqueous phase under high-speed shearing at 10000-12000 r / min, with a volume ratio of oil phase to aqueous phase of 6:

4. After continuous homogenization for 3-5 min, a composite emulsion is obtained. Then, it is frozen at -80℃ for 12 h and then freeze-dried under vacuum for 48 h to obtain the final product.

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