Novel solid oxide galvanic pile coupled with heat storage medium heat management and use method of novel solid oxide galvanic pile

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid oxide battery and thermal power generation co-production, and discloses a novel solid oxide electric pile coupled with heat storage medium heat management and a use method thereof, the electric pile comprises an upper end plate, a lower end plate, stacked batteries and connectors between the batteries, and a heat management device is arranged in the connectors; the heat management device comprises a heat pipe, a heat management device inlet and a heat management device outlet, and the heat pipe is filled with a capillary core and a heat storage medium. By using a molten salt heat pipe technology, heat generated by the galvanic pile is effectively transferred and stored, the air demand is reduced, and the system energy consumption is reduced. When the load of the power grid is in a valley or peak, the electric pile correspondingly switches an electrolysis mode or a power generation mode, low-temperature molten salt is preheated through steam of a boiler and a steam turbine module and is conveyed to a heat pipe network through a molten salt pump, the temperature of the electric pile is balanced, and heat energy is stored; when the load of the power grid is moderate, the coal-fired power plant is only used for power generation, and the thermal management device can assist the stack in hot standby, maintain the temperature of the stack and improve the dynamic response and operation stability of the stack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid oxide batteries and cogeneration technology, and particularly to a novel solid oxide battery stack coupled with thermal management of thermal storage medium and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Solid oxide electrolyzers (SOECs), as a novel electrochemical energy conversion device, have demonstrated unique value in the field of clean energy conversion due to their significant advantages such as high efficiency, no need for precious metal catalysis, and strong fuel adaptability. This technology, through coupling with industrial waste heat and renewable energy power, can achieve efficient and directional conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy. Its core advantage lies in its bidirectional reversible operation—it can convert electrical energy into hydrogen or syngas for chemical energy storage in electrolysis mode, and can also switch to fuel cell (SOFC) mode to output electrical energy in reverse, precisely meeting the rigid requirements of new power systems for large-scale, long-term energy storage and flexible load regulation. In intermediate-temperature (650–800℃) solid oxide fuel cell stacks, metal connectors, due to their excellent electrical / thermal conductivity and mechanical stability, have gradually replaced traditional ceramic connectors as the core component of the stack. However, while the high thermal conductivity of metal materials improves the temperature uniformity of the stack, it also places higher demands on the stack's thermal management.

[0003] Solid oxide fuel cell stacks require preheating of the intake air to approximately 700°C during operation to ensure safe and stable operation. This is typically achieved through an external thermal balancing system. Simultaneously, the intense exothermic / endothermic effects generated during power generation / electrolysis necessitate dynamic thermal balance control using high-flow-rate air. As stack size increases or operating power density rises, the uneven temperature distribution caused by uneven gas distribution and heat conduction hysteresis within the stack becomes increasingly significant, especially in the battery reaction region where temperature differences can exceed 150°C, leading to increased thermal stress within the stack. This not only accelerates battery performance degradation but also reduces the reliability of sealing materials, adversely affecting the long-term stable operation of the stack.

[0004] To reduce the temperature gradient within the fuel cell stack, current technological approaches primarily focus on two dimensions: gas flow field structure optimization and thermal management optimization. The former often involves optimizing the gas flow channel design of the connectors to improve airflow uniformity and reduce airflow resistance. However, this method has limited effectiveness in reducing the temperature gradient and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of the continuously increasing temperature gradient during long-term stack operation. The latter often employs external heat exchangers to preheat and cool the fuel and air, but such methods only reduce the temperature difference at the fuel and air inlets and cannot regulate the temperature distribution in the battery reaction region. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the temperature gradient within the fuel cell stack while improving thermal management efficiency has become one of the key challenges in the current development of solid oxide fuel cell stack technology.

[0005] Existing literature, such as Dillig M, Plankenbühler T, Karl J. Thermal effects of planar high temperature heat pipes in solid oxide cell stacks operated with internal methane reforming. Journal of Power Sources, 2018, 373:139-149, proposes a design scheme that extends the connector to the outside of the fuel cell stack and embeds a heat pipe structure therein to reduce the temperature gradient of the connector and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the fuel cell stack and the outside. However, the connector with embedded heat pipes needs to extend to the outside of the fuel cell stack for cooling through external gas heat exchange. The extended portion not only makes the fuel cell stack structure irregular, but may also deform and bend due to high-temperature creep, affecting the gas tightness of the fuel cell stack and negatively impacting the overall reliability and stability of the fuel cell stack.

[0006] A Chinese patent with publication number CN 109786785 B discloses a planar solid oxide fuel cell stack with a high-temperature heat pipe embedded inside the connector. The working medium is metallic sodium or a sodium-potassium alloy. Due to the heat pipe's extremely high thermal conductivity, it can significantly reduce the temperature gradient on the cell surface. However, this heat pipe design only balances the cell surface temperature and has limited impact on the temperature between cell layers, resulting in a significant temperature gradient still existing inside the stack.

[0007] A Chinese patent with publication number CN 117594821 B provides a thermal management module for a solid oxide fuel cell based on pulsating heat pipes. This module, comprising two-dimensional and three-dimensional heat pipe structures, is installed inside the fuel cell stack to achieve temperature uniformity within and between layers, effectively reducing the temperature gradient within the stack. However, this thermal management module cannot effectively transfer the heat generated inside the stack, thus exhibiting certain limitations in overall thermal management. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome or alleviate one or more of the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack coupled with thermal management of thermal storage medium and its usage method, which is used to assist in the thermal management of solid oxide fuel cell stacks, improve their dynamic response capability, and ensure that the fuel cell stack maintains stable operation under variable load conditions.

[0009] This invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] On one hand, the present invention provides a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of thermal storage medium, including stacked battery cells and a connector (4) between the battery cells. The top of the battery cell is provided with an upper end plate (8), and the bottom of the battery cell is provided with a lower end plate (9). The top and bottom surfaces of the connector (4) are provided with cathode channels or anode channels respectively. A thermal management device is provided inside the connector (4). The thermal management device includes a heat pipe (1), a thermal management device inlet (2), and a thermal management device outlet (3). The heat pipe (1) is filled with a capillary wick and thermal storage medium and inserted into a channel arranged in the connector (4). The direction of the channel is perpendicular to the gas flow direction. The thermal management device inlet (2) inputs thermal storage medium, and the thermal management device outlet (3) outputs thermal storage medium. The upper end plate (8) and the lower end plate (9) are provided with cathode channels or anode channels with the same polarity as the adjacent battery cells.

[0011] According to some possible implementations, the heat pipe (1) is disposed inside each of the connectors (4) or at intervals between the connectors (4).

[0012] According to some possible implementations, the connector (4) with the heat pipe (1) has at least one channel.

[0013] According to some possible implementations, the channel is located within the plate body between the cathode channel and the anode channel.

[0014] According to some possible implementations, the outer diameter of the heat pipe (1) is the same as the diameter of the channel of the connector (4).

[0015] According to some possible implementations, the heat pipe (1) is made of a nickel-based alloy.

[0016] According to some possible implementations, the heat storage medium is selected from molten salt, which includes chloride salt or carbonate salt.

[0017] According to some possible implementations, the outer perimeters of the upper end plate (8), the lower end plate (9), the battery cell and the connector (4) are aligned.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a novel solid oxide fuel cell system coupled with thermal management of a thermal storage medium, comprising the novel solid oxide fuel cell system coupled with thermal management of a thermal storage medium as described above, wherein the anode and cathode exhaust ports are connected to a multi-flow heat exchanger (11) via high-temperature pipes to heat the incoming air and reaction gas; the molten salt storage tank (12) adopts a dual-tank structure of cold and hot salt tanks, and its bottom outlet is connected to the molten salt pump (13) via a pipe, wherein the hot salt pipe is connected to the inlet of the first valve (14), the outlet of the first valve (14) is connected to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device, and the outlet (3) of the thermal management device is connected to the inlet of the cold salt tank of the molten salt storage tank (12). The cold salt pipe is connected to the inlet of the second valve (15), and the outlet of the second valve (15) is connected to the molten salt inlet of the heat exchanger (16) through a pipe. The molten salt outlet of the heat exchanger (16) is connected to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device, and the outlet (3) of the thermal management device is connected to the inlet of the hot salt tank of the molten salt storage tank (12). The steam inlet and outlet of the boiler and turbine module (17) are connected to the heat exchanger (16). The first valve (14) and the second valve (15) are electrically adjustable valves. The outlet (3) of the thermal management device is connected to the top inlet of the cold and hot salt tanks of the molten salt storage tank (12) through an extension pipe and valve.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for using a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of a thermal storage medium, which is based on the novel solid oxide fuel cell stack system with coupled thermal management of a thermal storage medium as described above, and includes the following steps:

[0020] Before entering the novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal storage medium thermal management, the reactant gas and air are first preheated by the multi-stream heat exchanger (11); inside the fuel cell stack, the reactant gas and air undergo an electrochemical reaction at the battery cathode (5) and the battery anode (7) of the battery cell to generate high-temperature gas. Subsequently, these high-temperature gases pass through the multi-stream heat exchanger (11) again to exchange heat with the cold reactant gas and air that have not entered the fuel cell stack, so as to preheat them to a higher temperature.

[0021] When the grid load is at its lowest or highest point, the novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium will activate either the electrolytic energy storage mode or the power generation mode according to demand, so as to flexibly participate in the deep peak shaving of the grid. During startup, the first valve (14) is closed and the second valve (15) is opened to ensure that the molten salt flows along the specified path. The molten salt in the molten salt thermal storage tank (12) is transported to the heat exchanger (16) under the drive of the molten salt pump (13). In the heat exchanger (16), the molten salt interacts with the boiler and the steam turbine. The steam in module (17) undergoes heat exchange, raising its temperature to 500-550°C. The steam after heat exchange is recovered to the boiler and turbine module (17). The preheated molten salt is transported to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device of the fuel cell stack. During the operation of the fuel cell stack, heat is continuously generated. The molten salt absorbs this heat through the heat pipe (1) network, efficiently transferring and equalizing the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack. The high-temperature molten salt after heat exchange is transported back to the molten salt storage tank (12) through the outlet (3) of the thermal management device.

[0022] When the grid load is moderate, the coal-fired power plant is only used for power generation, and the new solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of thermal storage medium enters the thermal standby mode. If the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) after heat exchange is high enough to maintain the thermal standby temperature of the fuel cell stack, the second valve (15) is closed and the first valve (14) is opened to change the flow path of the molten salt so that it is only used to maintain the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) is transported to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device of the fuel cell stack under the drive of the molten salt pump (13). The molten salt flows in the heat pipe (1) to provide continuous heat to the fuel cell stack, ensuring that the fuel cell stack will not affect subsequent startup due to excessive temperature drop, and maintaining its temperature between 500 and 600°C. The low-temperature molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the molten salt storage tank (12) through the outlet (3) of the thermal management device to complete the cycle and provide / store thermal energy for the next system startup or regulation.

[0023] If the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) is insufficient to maintain the standby temperature of the fuel cell stack, the first valve (14) is closed and the second valve (15) is opened to change the flow path of the molten salt and ensure that the molten salt flows along the specified path. The molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) is transported to the heat exchanger (16) under the drive of the molten salt pump (13). In the heat exchanger (16), the molten salt exchanges heat with the steam of the boiler and turbine module (17). The heated molten salt is transported to the fuel cell stack to provide continuous heat and ensure that the fuel cell stack will not be affected by the low temperature during subsequent startup. The low-temperature molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the molten salt storage tank (12) to complete the cycle and provide / store heat energy for the next system startup or regulation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] (1) The present invention provides a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of thermal storage medium. By using molten salt heat pipe technology, a large amount of heat generated by the solid oxide fuel cell stack is effectively transferred and stored for subsequent use, which improves the utilization efficiency of thermal energy and reduces the air input required for heat dissipation of the fuel cell stack, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the system.

[0026] (2) The present invention can effectively mitigate the impact of load fluctuations by using heat pipes to assist the internal thermal management of the fuel cell stack, avoid excessive temperature fluctuations, enhance the dynamic response capability of the fuel cell stack, and ensure that the fuel cell stack maintains stable operation under changing load conditions.

[0027] (3) When the battery is running under low load, the present invention can help the battery to be in a hot standby state, ensuring that the battery will not be affected by the rapid temperature drop and the subsequent start-up, and maintain its temperature between 500 and 600°C. This not only shortens the start-up time of the battery and achieves a fast response, but also reduces the temperature gradient of the hot and cold cycle, thereby extending the battery's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of thermal storage medium, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a novel solid oxide fuel cell system with coupled thermal management of thermal storage medium provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1-Heat pipe; 2-Inlet of thermal management device; 3-Outlet of thermal management device; 4-Connector; 5-Battery cathode; 6-Electrolyte; 7-Battery anode; 8-Upper end plate; 9-Lower end plate; 10-Solid oxide fuel cell stack; 11-Multi-stream heat exchanger; 12-Molten salt heat storage tank; 13-Molten salt pump; 14-First valve; 15-Second valve; 16-Heat exchanger; 17-Boiler and turbine module. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the embodiments and drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. All reasonable modifications and combinations included within the inventive spirit of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "front," and "rear," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of a thermal storage medium, hereinafter referred to as a solid oxide fuel cell stack. It includes an upper end plate 8, a lower end plate 9, multiple stacked battery cells, a connector 4, and a thermal management device disposed within the connector 4. The connector 4 has an anode channel, a cathode channel, and small holes for housing the thermal management device on its top and bottom surfaces respectively. Each battery cell includes a cathode 5, an electrolyte 6, and a cathode 7. The anode 7 is connected to the anode channel of the connector 4, and the cathode 5 is connected to the cathode channel of the connector 4. The thermal management device includes multiple heat pipes 1 arranged in each or every one of the connectors 4, a thermal management device inlet 2 for inputting the thermal storage medium, and a thermal management device outlet 3 for outputting the thermal storage medium. The heat pipes 1 are filled with capillary wicks and the thermal storage medium, inserted into the small holes of the connector 4, and connected to the connector 4. The thermal management device inlet 2 delivers the thermal storage medium, and the thermal management device outlet 3 transfers the thermal storage medium out. The bottom of the upper end plate 8, the top of the lower end plate 9, and the upper and lower ends of the connector 4 are all provided with anode flow channels or cathode flow channels, which are connected to the top battery cell, the bottom battery cell, and the battery cells stacked in the middle.

[0036] The connector 4 has a small hole for placing the heat pipe 1. The small hole is located between the anode and cathode channels and is perpendicular to the gas flow direction. The heat pipe 1 is filled with a heat storage medium, which can be a molten salt such as chloride or carbonate. The material of the heat pipe 1 can be a corrosion-resistant metal such as a nickel-based alloy. The outer diameter of the heat pipe 1 is the same as the diameter of the small hole in the connector 4. The connector 4, the battery cathode 5, the electrolyte 6, the battery anode 7, the upper end plate 8, and the lower end plate 9 are aligned on their outer perimeters.

[0037] The working principle of the novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium in this embodiment is as follows:

[0038] Molten salt is transported through the inlet 2 of the thermal management device to the network of heat pipes 1 of the interconnects 4 of each layer of the fuel cell stack. Inside the heat pipes 1, the molten salt undergoes efficient heat exchange with the interconnects 4, uniformly distributing heat and effectively regulating and maintaining the temperature gradient inside the fuel cell stack, preventing local overheating or uneven cooling. As the fuel cell stack continues to operate, it continuously generates heat, which is fully absorbed by the molten salt, ensuring that the temperature of the fuel cell stack remains within a stable range. After heat exchange, the molten salt carrying high-temperature thermal energy is transferred through the outlet 3 of the thermal management device and transported to the thermal storage system for energy storage, for later use, such as providing thermal energy to support other systems or releasing heat when needed to optimize overall energy efficiency.

[0039] This embodiment also provides a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack system coupled with thermal management of the thermal storage medium, and its usage method, the construction principle of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown,

[0040] The component connection method is as follows: The solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 adopts the coupled molten salt thermal management structure described above. Its anode and cathode exhaust ports are connected to the multi-flow heat exchanger 11 through high-temperature pipes to heat the air and reaction gas entering the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10. The molten salt storage tank 12 adopts a dual-tank structure of cold and hot salt tanks. The bottom outlets of the cold and hot salt tanks are connected to the molten salt pump 13 through pipes. The hot salt pipe is connected to the inlet of the first valve 14, the outlet of the first valve 14 is connected to the inlet 2 of the thermal management device of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, and the outlet 3 of the thermal management device is connected to the inlet of the cold salt tank of the molten salt storage tank 12. The cold salt pipeline is connected to the inlet of the second valve 15, and the outlet of the second valve 15 is connected to the molten salt inlet of the heat exchanger 16 via a pipeline. The molten salt outlet of the heat exchanger 16 is connected to the inlet 2 of the thermal management device of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, and the outlet 3 of the thermal management device is connected to the inlet of the hot salt tank of the molten salt storage tank 12. The steam inlet and outlet of the boiler and turbine module 17 are connected to the heat exchanger 16. The first valve 14 and the second valve 15 are electrically adjustable valves. The outlet 3 of the thermal management device of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 is connected to the top inlet of the cold and hot salt tanks of the molten salt storage tank 12 via an extension pipeline and valve.

[0041] Before entering the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, the reactant gases and air are preheated by a multi-flow heat exchanger 11 to increase their temperature and enhance the overall energy efficiency of the system. Inside the stack, the reactant gases and air undergo electrochemical reactions at the cathode 5 and anode 7 to generate high-temperature gases. These high-temperature gases then pass through the multi-flow heat exchanger 11 again to exchange heat with the cold reactant gases and air that have not yet entered the stack, preheating them to a higher temperature. This reduces the need for external heat sources and improves heat recovery efficiency.

[0042] When the grid load is at its lowest or highest point, the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 can activate either electrolytic energy storage mode or power generation mode as needed to flexibly participate in deep grid peak shaving. During startup, the first valve 14 closes and the second valve 15 opens, ensuring the molten salt flows along a designated path. The molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 12 is transported to the heat exchanger 16 by the molten salt pump 13. In the heat exchanger 16, the molten salt exchanges heat with the steam from the boiler and turbine module 17, raising its temperature to 500–550°C. The steam after heat exchange is then recovered back to the boiler and turbine module 17, reducing steam loss and improving thermal efficiency. The preheated molten salt is then transported to the thermal management device inlet 2 of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10. During stack operation, heat is continuously generated. The molten salt absorbs this heat through the heat pipe network 1, efficiently transferring and balancing the internal temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, thus balancing temperature and transferring heat to prevent overheating and maintain it within a stable operating range. After heat exchange, the high-temperature molten salt is transported back to the molten salt storage tank 12 through the outlet 3 of the heat management device to store heat for subsequent use, such as heating or other energy conversion needs.

[0043] When the grid load is moderate, the coal-fired power plant is only used for power generation, and the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 enters a thermal standby mode to maintain a suitable operating temperature and ensure the system is always available. If the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 12 after heat exchange is high enough, with the carbonate temperature reaching 600-700°C, sufficient to maintain the thermal standby temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, then the second valve 15 closes and the first valve 14 opens, changing the flow path of the molten salt so that it is used only to maintain the temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10. The high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 12 is directly transported to the inlet 2 of the thermal management device of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 under the drive of the molten salt pump 13. The molten salt flows in the heat pipe 1, providing continuous heat to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, ensuring that the stack will not affect subsequent startup due to excessive temperature drop, and maintaining its temperature between 500-600°C. The low-temperature molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the molten salt storage tank 12 through the outlet 3 of the thermal management device, completing the cycle and providing / storing thermal energy for the next system startup or regulation. If the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank 12 is insufficient to maintain the standby temperature of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, the first valve 14 closes and the second valve 15 opens, changing the flow path of the molten salt to ensure it flows along the designated path. Driven by the molten salt pump 13, the molten salt in the storage tank 12 is transported to the heat exchanger 16. In the heat exchanger 16, the molten salt exchanges heat with the steam from the boiler and turbine module 17. The heated molten salt is then directly transported to the solid oxide fuel cell stack 10, providing continuous heat and ensuring that the stack does not affect subsequent startup due to excessively low temperatures. The cooled molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the molten salt storage tank 12, completing the cycle and providing / storing thermal energy for the next system startup or regulation.

[0044] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of a thermal storage medium, comprising stacked solar cells and a connector (4) between the solar cells, wherein the top of the solar cells is provided with an upper end plate (8) and the bottom of the solar cells is provided with a lower end plate (9), and the top and bottom surfaces of the connector (4) are respectively provided with cathode channels or anode channels, characterized in that: The connector (4) is provided with a thermal management device; the thermal management device includes a heat pipe (1), a thermal management device inlet (2) and a thermal management device outlet (3). The heat pipe (1) is filled with a capillary wick and a heat storage medium and is inserted into a channel arranged in the connector (4). The channel is perpendicular to the gas flow direction. The heat storage medium is input into the thermal management device inlet (2) and output from the thermal management device outlet (3). The upper end plate (8) and the lower end plate (9) are provided with a cathode channel or an anode channel that corresponds to the polarity of the adjacent battery cell.

2. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe (1) is disposed inside each of the connectors (4) or in the spaced-out connectors (4).

3. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connector (4) with the heat pipe (1) has at least one channel inside.

4. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 3, characterized in that: The channel is located within the plate body between the cathode channel and the anode channel.

5. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the heat pipe (1) is the same as the diameter of the channel of the connector (4).

6. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat pipe (1) is made of a nickel-based alloy.

7. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat storage medium is selected from molten salt, which includes chloride salt or carbonate salt.

8. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end plate (8), the lower end plate (9), the battery cell and the connector (4) are aligned around their outer perimeters.

9. A novel solid oxide fuel cell stack system coupled with thermal management of a thermal storage medium, characterized in that: The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack, including any of the thermal management methods for coupled thermal storage media as described in claims 1 to 8, has its anode and cathode exhaust ports connected to a multi-flow heat exchanger (11) via high-temperature pipes to heat the incoming air and reaction gas; the molten salt storage tank (12) adopts a dual-tank structure with cold and hot salt tanks, and its bottom outlet is connected to a molten salt pump (13) via a pipe, wherein the hot salt pipe is connected to the inlet of the first valve (14), the outlet of the first valve (14) is connected to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device, and the outlet (3) of the thermal management device is connected to the inlet of the cold salt tank of the molten salt storage tank (12); the cold salt pipe is connected to the second valve ( 15) The inlet is connected to the outlet of the second valve (15) and the outlet of the second valve (15) is connected to the molten salt inlet of the heat exchanger (16) through a pipe. The molten salt outlet of the heat exchanger (16) is connected to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device. The outlet (3) of the thermal management device is connected to the inlet of the hot salt tank of the molten salt storage tank (12). The steam inlet and outlet of the boiler and turbine module (17) are connected to the heat exchanger (16). The first valve (14) and the second valve (15) are electric regulating valves. The outlet (3) of the thermal management device is connected to the top inlet of the hot and cold salt tanks of the molten salt storage tank (12) through an extension pipe and valve.

10. A method for using a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of a thermal storage medium, characterized in that: It is based on a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack system with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium as described in claim 9, and uses the following steps: Before entering the novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal storage medium thermal management, the reactant gas and air are first preheated by the multi-stream heat exchanger (11); inside the fuel cell stack, the reactant gas and air undergo an electrochemical reaction at the battery cathode (5) and the battery anode (7) of the battery cell to generate high-temperature gas. Subsequently, these high-temperature gases pass through the multi-stream heat exchanger (11) again to exchange heat with the cold reactant gas and air that have not entered the fuel cell stack, so as to preheat them to a higher temperature. When the grid load is at its lowest or highest point, the novel solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of the thermal storage medium will activate either the electrolytic energy storage mode or the power generation mode according to demand, so as to flexibly participate in the deep peak shaving of the grid. During startup, the first valve (14) is closed and the second valve (15) is opened to ensure that the molten salt flows along the specified path. The molten salt in the molten salt thermal storage tank (12) is transported to the heat exchanger (16) under the drive of the molten salt pump (13). In the heat exchanger (16), the molten salt interacts with the boiler and the steam turbine. The steam in module (17) undergoes heat exchange, raising its temperature to 500-550°C. The steam after heat exchange is recovered to the boiler and turbine module (17). The preheated molten salt is transported to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device of the fuel cell stack. During the operation of the fuel cell stack, heat is continuously generated. The molten salt absorbs this heat through the heat pipe (1) network, efficiently transferring and equalizing the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack. The high-temperature molten salt after heat exchange is transported back to the molten salt storage tank (12) through the outlet (3) of the thermal management device. When the grid load is moderate, the coal-fired power plant is only used for power generation, and the new solid oxide fuel cell stack with coupled thermal management of thermal storage medium enters the thermal standby mode. If the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) after heat exchange is high enough to maintain the thermal standby temperature of the fuel cell stack, the second valve (15) is closed and the first valve (14) is opened to change the flow path of the molten salt so that it is only used to maintain the temperature of the fuel cell stack. The high-temperature molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) is transported to the inlet (2) of the thermal management device of the fuel cell stack under the drive of the molten salt pump (13). The molten salt flows in the heat pipe (1) to provide continuous heat to the fuel cell stack, ensuring that the fuel cell stack will not affect subsequent startup due to excessive temperature drop, and maintaining its temperature between 500 and 600°C. The low-temperature molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the molten salt storage tank (12) through the outlet (3) of the thermal management device to complete the cycle and provide / store thermal energy for the next system startup or regulation. If the temperature of the molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) is insufficient to maintain the standby temperature of the fuel cell stack, the first valve (14) is closed and the second valve (15) is opened to change the flow path of the molten salt and ensure that the molten salt flows along the specified path. The molten salt in the molten salt storage tank (12) is transported to the heat exchanger (16) under the drive of the molten salt pump (13). In the heat exchanger (16), the molten salt exchanges heat with the steam of the boiler and turbine module (17). The heated molten salt is transported to the fuel cell stack to provide continuous heat and ensure that the fuel cell stack will not be affected by the low temperature during subsequent startup. The low-temperature molten salt after heat exchange flows back to the molten salt storage tank (12) to complete the cycle and provide / store heat energy for the next system startup or regulation.

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