A mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device and an edible mushroom cultivation method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of mushroom cultivation, and particularly relates to a mushroom three-dimensional cultivation device and an edible mushroom cultivation method, which comprises a base, the base being provided with a mounting frame and a chain, the chain being connected with planting bins; a driving part, the driving part comprising a sliding frame, the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame being fixedly connected with supports, the left support being connected with a watering pipe, and the right support being connected with a drainage pipe; a flow part, the flow part comprising a water supply pipe, the water supply pipe being communicated with the watering pipe, and the drainage pipe being communicated with a drain pipe; a watering part, the watering part comprising a water inlet, the water inlet being provided with a sealing plug a; a drainage part, the drainage part comprising a drainage outlet, the drainage outlet being directed to the drainage pipe, and the drainage outlet being provided with a sealing plug c. The present application can drive the planting bins to circulate and roll according to requirements, so that each group of planting bins can be moved to the lowermost part of the device, facilitating planting and picking operations, and the device can be switched to three states of watering, displacement and drainage according to requirements, facilitating operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mushroom cultivation technology, specifically relating to a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment and a method for cultivating edible fungi. Background Technology

[0002] Edible fungi, as an important agricultural economic crop, have a broad market prospect worldwide. With population growth and increased health awareness, market demand for edible fungi continues to rise, and traditional ground cultivation methods can no longer meet the needs of modern production. Vertical farming technology has been widely used due to its ability to significantly increase yield per unit area, but some problems still exist in its practical application.

[0003] First, most existing three-dimensional aquaculture equipment adopts a fixed-layer shelf structure, and the height of each layer of aquaculture boxes is not adjustable. During the planting and harvesting process, workers need to work on aquaculture boxes of different heights. When the upper layer of aquaculture boxes is too high, ladders and other tools are needed, which not only increases the labor intensity but also poses safety hazards. Furthermore, due to the gradient differences in environmental parameters (light, temperature, humidity) between layers, the fixed-height aquaculture boxes cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the growth stage of the mushrooms.

[0004] Secondly, moisture is a key factor affecting mushroom yield and quality. Existing irrigation systems cannot guarantee a uniform water supply to each cultivation box. Insufficient watering hinders mycelial growth, while excessive watering makes areas prone to disease. Furthermore, mushrooms require appropriate humidity during growth, and if excess water generated during irrigation is not drained in time, it will accumulate at the bottom of the cultivation box, leading to overly wet culture medium that causes anaerobic fermentation and increases the incidence of root rot. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation device and a method for cultivating edible fungi. The device can drive the planting chambers to circulate and roll according to needs, so that each group of planting chambers can move to the bottom of the device for convenient planting and harvesting operations. It can also switch the device to three states of irrigation, displacement and drainage according to needs for convenient operation.

[0006] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A three-dimensional mushroom cultivation device, comprising: The base has a mounting frame fixedly connected to its upper end. The inner cavity of the mounting frame is equipped with a chain, and a planting chamber is fixedly connected to the chain. The drive unit includes a sliding frame that is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the base. Supports are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame. An irrigation pipe is connected to the left support and a drainage pipe is connected to the right support. The distribution department includes a water supply pipe, which is connected to the irrigation pipe, and a drainage pipe, which is connected to the sewer pipe. The irrigation section includes a water inlet, which is located on the left side of the planting chamber and faces the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug a is installed inside the water inlet. The drainage section includes a drainage outlet, which is located on the right side of the planting chamber and faces the drainage pipe. A sealing plug c is installed inside the drainage outlet. The drive unit switches between three states through position adjustment: first state: the sliding frame moves to the right end point, driving the irrigation pipe to connect with the water inlet; second state: the sliding frame moves to the middle position, and the planting chambers are not connected to the irrigation pipe or drainage pipe. At this time, the chain can drive the planting chambers to slide along the mounting frame; third state: the sliding frame moves to the left end point, driving the drainage pipe to connect with the drainage outlet.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, two sets of mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, distributed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base. Both sets of mounting brackets have chains placed inside their inner cavities. Both sets of mounting brackets have a drive motor fixedly installed on the upper end of the side furthest from each other. The output end of the drive motor extends into the corresponding mounting bracket and is fixedly connected to a sprocket. The outer ring of the sprocket meshes with the inner ring of the upper end of the chain.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, each of the two sets of chains has a collar fixedly connected to an adjacent side. The left and right ends of the planting chamber are rotatably connected to the inner cavities of the two sets of collars, respectively. An air vent is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber, and a counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower end of the planting chamber.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the drive unit further includes two sets of sliding grooves, which are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base. The inner cavity of each set of sliding grooves is slidably connected to a sliding frame. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame slide in the inner cavity of the two sets of sliding grooves respectively. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the base. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the sliding frame. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame are both through the sliding grooves, and the upper ends of the parts extending out of the sliding grooves are fixedly connected to brackets. Multiple sets of irrigation pipes are fixedly connected to the right side of the left bracket, while multiple sets of drainage pipes are fixedly connected to the left side of the right bracket.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the circulation section further includes a sewage tank, which is fixedly connected to the front side of the inner cavity of the base. An irrigation tank is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the base. A water pump is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner cavity of the base. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the irrigation tank. A four-headed pipe is connected through the outlet of the water pump through the base. The four-headed pipe is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the base. Each of the three outlets of the four-headed pipe is connected to a water supply pipe. The three water supply pipes extend into the inner cavity of the left support and are connected to the irrigation pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the lower end of the right support. The lower end of the drain pipe passes through the base and is connected to the inlet of the sewage tank.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the water inlet is located at the lower left end of the planting chamber. A sealing plug a is provided in the inner cavity of the planting chamber at the outlet of the water inlet. The irrigation part also includes a guide plate, which is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug a that extends into the inner cavity of the water inlet. The guide plate is slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner cavity of the water inlet. Springs a are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the guide plate near the planting chamber. The other ends of the springs a are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the planting chamber.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, grooves are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the outlet of the irrigation pipe, and the grooves are movably inserted into the middle of the guide plate. The irrigation part also includes a guide tube, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outlet of the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug b is provided on the side of the guide tube away from the planting chamber. The sealing plug b is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the irrigation pipe. A push rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the sealing plug b near the guide tube. The push rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide tube. The push rod passes through the guide tube and contacts the middle of the guide plate. A spring b is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the middle part of the push rod in the inner cavity of the guide tube. The other end of the spring b is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the guide tube.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a groove is provided at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber, and a drain outlet is provided at the end of the groove facing the outside of the planting chamber. The drain section also includes a filter screen, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber and covers the groove. A sealing plug c is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The side of the sealing plug c near the drain outlet is in contact with the inner ring of the drain outlet, and a spring c is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug c in the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The other end of the spring c is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting chamber.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the drain section further includes a push rod, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the drain pipe, and the outer end of the push rod extends out of the drain pipe and is close to the sealing plug c.

[0015] A method for cultivating edible fungi using a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation system, applicable to any of the three-dimensional mushroom cultivation systems described above, comprising: S1: Planting. When in use, drive the sliding frame to move to the middle position and switch the device to the second state. At this time, the chain can drive the planting bin to slide along the mounting frame. At this time, add nutrients and planting base to the bottom planting bin and control the planting bin to slide in the mounting frame after filling. Adjust the next set of planting bins to the bottom until the planting operation is completed. S2: Irrigation. When irrigation is needed, first move the planting chamber to the designated position so that the water inlet is aligned with the irrigation pipe. Then move the sliding frame to the right end so that the irrigation pipe is connected to the water inlet and push the sealing plug a to open. At this time, the irrigation liquid in the water pipe enters the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber through the irrigation pipe and is fully irrigated using the soaking irrigation method. S3: Drainage. After irrigation is completed, the sliding frame moves to the left end point to connect the drainage pipe with the drainage outlet. At this time, the irrigation pipe has been separated from the water inlet, and the sealing plug a also closes automatically. Then, the water in the planting chamber is discharged from the drain pipe through the drainage pipe to avoid excessive water accumulation and prolonged soaking during irrigation, which can cause the mushroom roots to rot and affect the planting. S4: Harvesting. After irrigation and drainage are completed, the device is switched to the second mode and the mushrooms are allowed to grow. Once the mushrooms are mature, they can be harvested from the bottom planting chamber. The planting chambers are moved by a chain, and the subsequent planting chambers are moved to the bottom in a cycle to facilitate harvesting by the staff.

[0016] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows: The mounting frame and planting bin of the present invention can drive the planting bins to circulate and roll as needed, so that each group of planting bins can move to the bottom of the device, which is convenient for planting and harvesting operations. In use, the rolling of the chain drives the planting bins to circulate and roll along the inner cavity of the mounting frame, so that the planting bins located at the top can move to the bottom, and the planting bins at the bottom can move to the top, which is circulated and rolls, which is convenient for harvesting and planting operations. The drive unit and flow unit of the present invention can switch the device to three states of watering, displacement and drainage according to the needs, which is convenient for operation. When it is necessary to water the mushrooms, the drive sliding frame is moved to the right end. At this time, the support on the left side will drive the watering pipe to move and insert it into the water inlet for watering. When it is necessary to move the planting chamber, the drive sliding frame is moved to the middle. At this time, neither the watering pipe nor the drainage pipe can be connected to the planting chamber to avoid affecting the displacement of the planting chamber. When it is necessary to drain the water in the planting chamber, the drive sliding frame is moved to the left end, so that the support on the right side drives the drainage pipe to move and insert it into the drainage outlet for drainage. The irrigation and drainage sections of this invention ensure the sealing of the planting chamber. The planting chamber is only connected to the irrigation and drainage pipes when fully connected, preventing water leakage from the planting chamber and affecting the irrigation effect. Under normal conditions, sealing plugs a and c rely on the elastic components and the water pressure inside the planting chamber to adhere tightly to the inner wall of the planting chamber, preventing leakage of irrigation liquid. When irrigation or drainage is required, the irrigation and drainage pipes will push sealing plug a or sealing plug c to move when connected to the inlet and outlet, opening the inlet and outlet. This achieves automatic connection when connected and automatic sealing when disconnected, reducing the operation process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in this invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the sprocket in this invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the planting chamber in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the driving unit in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drive unit in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the flow section in this invention; Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the effect of the first state in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pouring section in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pouring section in this invention; Figure 12 This is a diagram showing the disassembled effect of the water inlet and irrigation pipe in this invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the drainage section in this invention.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 10. Base; 11. Mounting frame; 12. Chain; 13. Drive motor; 14. Sprocket; 15. Collar; 16. Planting chamber; 17. Ventilation chamber; 18. Counterweight; 20. Drive unit; 21. Sliding groove; 22. Sliding frame; 23. Electric telescopic rod; 24. Support; 25. Irrigation pipe; 26. Drainage pipe; 30. Distribution section; 31. Sewage tank; 32. Irrigation tank; 33. Water pump; 34. Four-way pipe; 35. Water delivery pipe; 36. Drainage pipe; 40. Irrigation section; 41. Inlet; 42. Sealing plug a; 43. Guide plate; 44. Spring a; 45. Guide tube; 46. Sealing plug b; 47. Push rod; 48. Spring b; 50. Drainage section; 51. Drain outlet; 52. Filter screen; 53. Sealing plug c; 54. Spring c; 55. Push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0023] Example 1 Please see the appendix Figures 1 to 8 , Figure 10 , Figure 13 As shown, this is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation device, including: The base 10 has a mounting frame 11 fixedly connected to its upper end. The inner cavity of the mounting frame 11 is provided with a chain 12, and a planting chamber 16 is fixedly connected to the chain 12. The drive unit 20 includes a sliding frame 22, which is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the base 10. Supports 24 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame 22. An irrigation pipe 25 is connected to the left support 24, and a drainage pipe 26 is connected to the right support 24. The distribution section 30 includes a water supply pipe 35, which is connected to the irrigation pipe 25, and a drainage pipe 26 is connected to the sewer pipe 36. The irrigation section 40 includes an inlet 41, which is located on the left side of the planting chamber 16 and faces the irrigation pipe 25. A sealing plug a42 is provided inside the inlet 41. The drainage section 50 includes a drainage outlet 51, which is located on the right side of the planting chamber 16 and faces the drainage pipe 26. A sealing plug c53 is provided inside the drainage outlet 51. The drive unit 20 switches between three states by adjusting its position: First state: the sliding frame 22 moves to the right end, driving the irrigation pipe 25 to connect with the water inlet 41; Second state: the sliding frame 22 moves to the middle position, and the planting chambers 16 are not connected to the irrigation pipe 25 or the drainage pipe 26. At this time, the chain 12 can drive the planting chambers 16 to slide along the mounting frame 11; Third state: the sliding frame 22 moves to the left end, driving the drainage pipe 26 to connect with the drainage outlet 51.

[0024] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that the irrigation pipe 25 and the drainage pipe 26 can be smoothly connected to the planting chamber 16, a high-precision position sensor should be installed on the side of the planting chamber 16 so that after the planting chamber 16 is moved to the designated position, the water inlet 41 and the drainage outlet 51 can be aligned with the irrigation pipe 25 and the drainage pipe 26 for subsequent irrigation and drainage operations.

[0025] In this embodiment, the device is kept in the second state during use. Then, the chain 12 rotates, driving the planting chambers 16 to rotate cyclically, moving the unplanted chambers 16 one after another to the bottom of the entire device, facilitating planting operations. After planting is completed, when irrigation is needed, the planting chambers 16 are first moved to the designated position and aligned with the irrigation pipe 25 and drainage pipe 26. The drive unit 20 then drives the sliding frame 22 to move to the right to the end point. At this time, the bracket 24 on the left side drives the irrigation pipe 25 to insert into the water inlet 41, and irrigation begins. The irrigation pipe 25 will push open the sealing plug a42, and at the same time the water supply pipe 35 will deliver irrigation liquid into the irrigation pipe 25 and enter the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 through the irrigation pipe 25 for soaking irrigation to ensure irrigation effect. After irrigation is completed, the control sliding frame 22 is moved to the left end, so that the irrigation pipe 25 is separated from the planting chamber 16, and the right support 24 is moved to connect the drain pipe 26 with the drain outlet 51, and the sealing plug c53 is pushed open to carry out drainage operation, so that the water in the planting chamber 16 is removed in time to avoid the mushroom roots from rotting due to long-term soaking.

[0026] Secondly, please refer to again Figures 1 to 5 Two sets of mounting brackets 11 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base 10, distributed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base 10. The inner cavity of each set of mounting brackets 11 contains a chain 12. A drive motor 13 is fixedly installed on the upper end of each set of mounting brackets 11 on the side away from each other. The output end of the drive motor 13 extends into the corresponding mounting bracket 11 and is fixedly connected to a sprocket 14. The outer ring of the sprocket 14 meshes with the inner ring of the upper end of the chain 12. Two sets of chains 12 are fixedly connected to adjacent sides with collars 15. The left and right ends of the planting chamber 16 are rotatably connected to the inner cavities of the two sets of collars 15 through ball bearings. The upper end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 is fixedly connected to a ventilation chamber 17, and the lower end of the planting chamber 16 is fixedly connected to a counterweight 18.

[0027] It should be noted that each of the two sets of mounting brackets 11 has another set of sprockets 14 at the lower end of its inner cavity, and the outer ring of the other set of sprockets 14 meshes with the inner ring of the lower end of the chain 12. Both sets of mounting brackets 11 have rails on their sides that are close to each other, and multiple sets of collars 15 are slidably connected in the rails. The collars 15 are T-shaped rings, and the rails have matching grooves to prevent the collars 15 from falling off and affecting the normal use of the device. Each set of mounting frames 11 has six sets of collars 15 installed in its inner cavity, and each of the six sets of collars 15 is rotatably connected to a planting chamber 16, which is distributed vertically. The mounting frame 11 is tilted so that the planting chambers 16 at different heights can receive relatively uniform light. The lower end of the ventilation chamber 17 has multiple sets of ventilation holes, and the ventilation chamber 17 is used to grow mushrooms, while the lower end of the inner cavity of the growing chamber 16 is used to store irrigation liquid. The center of gravity of the counterweight 18 is located at the lower middle of the planting chamber 16. The purpose of the counterweight 18 is to keep the planting chamber 16 vertically downward at all times, so as to avoid the center of gravity shifting after the fungi are planted, which would cause the planting chamber 16 to tilt and affect subsequent irrigation and drainage operations. Preferably, to ensure the normal use of the device, the two sets of drive motors 13 should be connected in series during use so that the two sets of drive motors 13 can be driven and stopped simultaneously, or the two sets of sprockets 14 can be connected together using a transmission device (such as a structure similar to an axle) to ensure that the two sets of sprockets 14 can move and stop simultaneously, so as to avoid the collars 15 on both sides being at different heights, which would affect subsequent use.

[0028] In this embodiment, during use, the drive motor 13 drives the sprocket 14 to rotate, causing the chain 12 to roll within the mounting frame 11. As the chain 12 rolls, it drives the collar 15 to move. Since the planting chamber 16 is rotatably connected within the collar 15, and the counterweight 18 keeps the planting chamber 16 in a vertically downward state, the planting chamber 16 will not tilt during movement, ensuring the normal growth of the mushrooms within it. When it is necessary to adjust the position of the planting chamber 16 for planting, watering, or drainage operations, the drive motor 13 is controlled to move the chain 12 to the designated position below the device for subsequent operations. Meanwhile, the multiple sets of ventilation holes at the lower end of the ventilation chamber 17 ensure sufficient oxygen supply during mushroom growth, which is beneficial to the healthy growth of the mushrooms. The irrigation liquid stored at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 provides the necessary moisture for the mushrooms during irrigation operations.

[0029] Secondly, please refer to again Figure 6 , Figures 7 to 9The drive unit 20 also includes two sets of sliding grooves 21. The two sets of sliding grooves 21 are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base 10. The inner cavity of the two sets of sliding grooves 21 is slidably connected to a sliding frame 22. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame 22 slide in the inner cavity of the two sets of sliding grooves 21 respectively. An electric telescopic rod 23 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the base 10. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 23 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the sliding frame 22. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame 22 pass through the sliding grooves 21, and the upper ends of the parts extending out of the sliding grooves 21 are fixedly connected to brackets 24. Multiple sets of irrigation pipes 25 are fixedly connected to the right side of the left bracket 24, while multiple sets of drainage pipes 26 are fixedly connected to the left side of the right bracket 24.

[0030] It should be noted that the sliding frame 22 is provided with limiting plates on both the upper and lower sides of the sliding groove 21, with a width greater than that of the sliding groove 21. This is intended to limit the range of motion of the sliding frame 22 and prevent the sliding frame 22 from shifting or falling out of the sliding groove 21, thus affecting the normal use of the device. Multiple sets of three-headed pipes are fixedly connected to the left support 24, and both outlets of the three-headed pipes are connected to irrigation pipes 25. Multiple sets of Y-shaped pipes are fixedly connected to the right support 24, and the multiple sets of Y-shaped pipes are interconnected and distributed vertically. Each set of Y-shaped pipes is connected to two sets of drainage pipes 26, so that multiple sets of drainage pipes 26 can discharge accumulated water through one outlet at the same time. The three-headed pipes can supply water to the two sets of irrigation pipes 25 through an external water supply pipe 35 for irrigation operations. The mounting brackets 11 on both the left and right sides are provided with through slots, and multiple sets of drainage pipes 26 and irrigation pipes 25 are slidably connected in the corresponding through slots, which is intended to ensure the stability of the sliding of drainage pipes 26 and irrigation pipes 25 and facilitate alignment with drainage outlet 51 and water inlet 41. Preferably, to prevent the liquid in the planting chamber 16 from flowing back into the irrigation pipe 25, a one-way valve can be installed in the irrigation pipe 25, thereby controlling that the irrigation liquid can only enter the planting chamber 16 and cannot flow back into the irrigation pipe 25.

[0031] In this embodiment, during state switching, the electric telescopic rod 23 pushes the sliding frame 22 to move left and right within the sliding groove 21, thereby causing the supports 24 on both sides and the irrigation pipe 25 and drainage pipe 26 connected to the supports 24 to move synchronously. When irrigation is needed, the electric telescopic rod 23 pushes the sliding frame 22 to the right to the end position, at which time the irrigation pipe 25 on the left support 24 will be inserted into the water inlet 41 on the left side of the planting chamber 16. When drainage is needed, the electric telescopic rod 23 drives the sliding frame 22 to the left to the end position, so that the drainage pipe 26 on the right support 24 is connected to the drainage outlet 51 on the right side of the planting chamber 16.

[0032] Secondly, please refer to it again. Figures 6 to 8The circulation section 30 also includes a sewage tank 31, which is fixedly connected to the front side of the inner cavity of the base 10. A watering tank 32 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the base 10. A water pump 33 is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner cavity of the base 10. The inlet of the water pump 33 is connected to the outlet of the watering tank 32. The outlet of the water pump 33 passes through the base 10 and is connected to a four-head pipe 34. The four-head pipe 34 is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the base 10. Each of the three outlets of the four-head pipe 34 is connected to a water supply pipe 35. Each of the three water supply pipes 35 extends into the inner cavity of the left bracket 24 and is connected to the watering pipe 25. The lower end of the right bracket 24 is connected to a drain pipe 36. The lower end of the drain pipe 36 passes through the base 10 and is connected to the inlet of the sewage tank 31.

[0033] It should be noted that both the water supply pipe 35 and the drain pipe 36 are flexible hoses to avoid affecting the movement of the sliding frame 22 and the bracket 24; The outlet of the water supply pipe 35 is connected to the three-pronged pipe connected to the irrigation pipe 25 so as to provide irrigation liquid into the irrigation pipe 25; The irrigation tank 32 has an inlet at the top for easy addition of irrigation liquid, and the wastewater tank 31 has an outlet on the left side to drain the water accumulated in the planting chamber 16.

[0034] In this embodiment, during irrigation, the irrigation liquid in the irrigation tank 32 is pumped out by the water pump 33, distributed through the four-ended pipe 34 to three sets of water delivery pipes 35, and then transported through the water delivery pipes 35 to the irrigation pipe 25 and injected into the planting chamber 16 to achieve immersion irrigation. When there is too much water in the planting chamber 16 and drainage is required, the water will flow into the drain pipe 26 through the drain outlet 51, then flow through the drain pipe 26 to the sewer pipe 36, and finally be discharged into the sewage tank 31 through the sewer pipe 36, completing the drainage process.

[0035] Please refer to it again. Figures 10 to 12 The water inlet 41 is located at the lower left end of the planting chamber 16. A sealing plug a42 is provided in the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 at the outlet of the water inlet 41. The irrigation part 40 also includes a guide plate 43. The guide plate 43 is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug a42 that extends into the inner cavity of the water inlet 41. The guide plate 43 is slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner cavity of the water inlet 41. A spring a44 is fixedly connected to one end of the upper and lower ends of the guide plate 43 near the planting chamber 16. The other end of the spring a44 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the planting chamber 16. Grooves are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the outlet of the irrigation pipe 25, and the grooves are movably inserted into the middle of the guide plate 43. The irrigation part 40 also includes a guide pipe 45, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outlet of the irrigation pipe 25. A sealing plug b46 is provided on the side of the guide pipe 45 away from the planting chamber 16. The sealing plug b46 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the irrigation pipe 25, and a push rod 47 is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the sealing plug b46 near the guide pipe 45. The push rod 47 is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide pipe 45, and the push rod 47 passes through the guide pipe 45 and contacts the middle of the guide plate 43. A spring b48 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the middle part of the push rod 47 in the inner cavity of the guide pipe 45, and the other end of the spring b48 is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the guide pipe 45.

[0036] It should be noted that both sealing plug a42 and sealing plug b46 are semi-conical structures with an isosceles trapezoidal cross-section, and both are equipped with sealing gaskets on the outer ring, which are intended to ensure the sealing of the irrigation pipe 25 and the planting chamber 16. The inner cavity of the irrigation pipe 25 is provided with an annular partition, and the sealing plug b46 is in contact with the inner ring of the annular partition. This is intended to ensure that the irrigation pipe 25 can only deliver water when it is fully connected to the inlet 41, and that irrigation liquid cannot be discharged from the irrigation pipe 25 under normal conditions. When connecting the irrigation pipe 25 to the water inlet 41, the irrigation pipe 25 is first inserted into the water inlet 41 and attached to the outside of the guide plate 43. Then, the irrigation pipe 25 is continuously inserted into the water inlet 41, causing the irrigation pipe 25 to push the guide plate 43 towards the planting chamber 16, gradually pushing open the sealing plug a42. At the same time, the push rod 47 will also contact the guide plate 43. During the process of the irrigation pipe 25 being inserted into the water inlet 41, a reaction force will be generated between the push rod 47 and the guide plate 43, pushing the push rod 47 and the sealing plug b46 away from the planting chamber 16, opening both the irrigation pipe 25 and the water inlet 41, so as to deliver irrigation liquid to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16.

[0037] In this embodiment, during irrigation, when the irrigation pipe 25 is inserted into the inlet 41, it first contacts the guide plate 43 and continues to insert, pushing the guide plate 43 towards the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16, thereby pushing open the sealing plug a42 and connecting the inlet 41 with the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. Simultaneously, after the push rod 47 contacts the guide plate 43, under the push of the reaction force, the push rod 47 drives the sealing plug b46 to move away from the planting chamber 16 and disengage from the annular partition. At this time, the irrigation liquid in the irrigation pipe 25 flows into the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 through the inlet 41 for soaking and irrigation. When the irrigation operation is completed, the irrigation pipe 25 is pulled out of the inlet 41, and the springs a44 and b48 respectively push the sealing plugs a42 and b46 back to their original positions, resealing the inlet 41 and the irrigation pipe 25 to prevent leakage of irrigation liquid or the entry of external impurities.

[0038] Please refer to it again. Figure 13 The lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 is provided with a groove, and the drain outlet 51 is provided at the end of the groove facing the outside of the planting chamber 16. The drain part 50 also includes a filter screen 52, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 and covers the groove. A sealing plug c53 is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. The side of the sealing plug c53 near the drain outlet 51 is in contact with the inner ring of the drain outlet 51, and a spring c54 is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug c53 in the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. The other end of the spring c54 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. The drainage section 50 also includes a push rod 55, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the drainage pipe 26, and the outer end of the push rod 55 extends out of the drainage pipe 26 and is close to the sealing plug c53.

[0039] It should be noted that the sealing plug c53 is also a semi-conical structure, and a sealing layer is also provided on its surface to improve the sealing effect of the planting chamber 16. Both the sealing plug c53 and the sealing plug a42 are placed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. Under normal conditions, when there is water in the planting chamber 16, water pressure can be used to help the sealing plug c53 and the sealing plug a42 to adhere tightly to the planting chamber 16, further improving the sealing effect.

[0040] In this embodiment, during drainage, when the drain pipe 26 is inserted into the drain outlet 51, the push rod 55 first contacts the sealing plug c53. As it continues to be inserted, the push rod 55 pushes the sealing plug c53 away from the drain outlet 51, making the drain outlet 51 connected to the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. At this time, the water accumulated at the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 flows into the drain pipe 26 through the drain outlet 51, then flows through the drain pipe 26 to the drain pipe 36, and finally into the sewage tank 31. When the drainage operation is completed, the drain pipe 26 is pulled out of the drain outlet 51, and the spring c54 pushes the sealing plug c53 to reset, resealing the drain outlet 51 to prevent external impurities from entering the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 and to prevent the residual water in the planting chamber 16 from evaporating too quickly. In addition, the filter screen 52 can effectively intercept any solid impurities that may exist in the planting chamber 16, preventing them from being discharged with the accumulated water, causing blockage of the drain pipe 26 or affecting the subsequent treatment of the water in the sewage tank 31.

[0041] Example 2 A method for cultivating edible fungi using a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation system, applicable to any of the three-dimensional mushroom cultivation systems described above, comprising: S1: Planting. When in use, drive the sliding frame 22 to move to the middle position and switch the device to the second state. At this time, the chain 12 can drive the planting chamber 16 to slide along the mounting frame 11. At this time, add nutrients and planting base to the bottom planting chamber 16, and after filling, control the planting chamber 16 to slide in the mounting frame 11. Adjust the next set of planting chambers 16 to the bottom until the planting operation is completed. S2: Irrigation. When irrigation is needed, first move the planting chamber 16 to the designated position so that the water inlet 41 is aligned with the irrigation pipe 25. Then, move the sliding frame 22 to the right end so that the irrigation pipe 25 is connected to the water inlet 41 and push the sealing plug a42 to open. At this time, the irrigation liquid in the water supply pipe 35 enters the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16 through the irrigation pipe 25 and is fully irrigated by the soaking irrigation method. S3: Drainage. After irrigation is completed, the sliding frame 22 moves to the left end point, so that the drainage pipe 26 is connected to the drainage port 51. At this time, the irrigation pipe 25 has been separated from the water inlet 41, and the sealing plug a42 is automatically closed. Then the water in the planting chamber 16 is discharged from the drain pipe 36 through the drainage pipe 26 to avoid excessive water accumulation and long-term soaking irrigation, which would cause the mushroom roots to rot and affect the planting. S4: Harvesting. After irrigation and drainage are completed, switch the device to the second mode and wait for the mushrooms to grow. Once the mushrooms are mature, they can be harvested from the bottom planting chamber 16. The chain 12 drives the planting chamber 16 to move, and the subsequent planting chambers 16 are moved to the bottom in a cycle to facilitate harvesting by the staff.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the S1 operation is completed, the device should be switched to the second state as soon as possible to avoid excessive water accumulation in the planting chamber 16, which would cause the planting base to float and affect the planting effect.

[0043] The working principle of this invention is as follows: When in use, the device is initially in the second state. At this time, the drive motor 13 drives the sprocket 14 to rotate, causing the chain 12 to roll, which in turn moves the collar 15 and the planting chamber 16. The position of the planting chamber 16 is adjusted as needed for planting, watering, or drainage operations. When watering is required, the drive device is in the first state. At this time, the electric telescopic rod 23 pushes the sliding frame 22 to the right to the end position. The watering pipe 25 on the left support 24 is then inserted into the water inlet 41. Simultaneously, the watering pipe 25 first contacts the guide plate 43 and continues to insert, pushing the guide plate 43 towards the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16, thereby pushing open the sealing plug a42 and connecting the water inlet 41 with the inner cavity of the planting chamber 16. Meanwhile, after push rod 47 contacts guide plate 43, under the push of reaction force, push rod 47 will drive sealing plug b46 to move away from planting chamber 16 and open irrigation pipe 25. At this time, irrigation liquid in irrigation pipe 25 will flow into the lower end of planting chamber 16 through water inlet 41 for soaking and irrigation. After irrigation is completed, the switching device is switched to the third state. At this time, electric telescopic rod 23 drives sliding frame 22 to move to the left to the end position, so that drainage pipe 26 on right support 24 is connected to drainage port 51. At this time, push rod 55 will first contact sealing plug c53, and as it continues to be inserted, push rod 55 will push sealing plug c53 to move away from drainage port 51, so that drainage port 51 is connected to the inner cavity of planting chamber 16. At this time, the water accumulated at the lower end of planting chamber 16 will flow into drainage pipe 26 through drainage port 51, and then flow into drain pipe 36 through drainage pipe 26, and finally be discharged into sewage tank 31.

[0044] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment, characterized in that: Includes: The base has a mounting frame fixedly connected to its upper end. The inner cavity of the mounting frame is equipped with a chain, and a planting chamber is fixedly connected to the chain. The drive unit includes a sliding frame that is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the base. Supports are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame. An irrigation pipe is connected to the left support and a drainage pipe is connected to the right support. The distribution department includes a water supply pipe, which is connected to the irrigation pipe, and a drainage pipe, which is connected to the sewer pipe. The irrigation section includes a water inlet, which is located on the left side of the planting chamber and faces the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug a is installed inside the water inlet. The drainage section includes a drainage outlet, which is located on the right side of the planting chamber and faces the drainage pipe. A sealing plug c is installed inside the drainage outlet. The drive unit switches between three states through position adjustment: first state: the sliding frame moves to the right end point, driving the irrigation pipe to connect with the water inlet; second state: the sliding frame moves to the middle position, and the planting bins are not connected to the irrigation pipe or drainage pipe. At this time, the chain can drive the planting bins to slide along the mounting frame; third state: the sliding frame moves to the left end point, driving the drainage pipe to connect with the drainage outlet. The water inlet is located at the lower left end of the planting chamber. A sealing plug a is provided in the inner cavity of the planting chamber at the outlet of the water inlet. The irrigation part also includes a guide plate. The guide plate is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug a that extends into the inner cavity of the water inlet. The guide plate is slidably connected to the upper and lower sides of the inner cavity of the water inlet. Springs a are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the guide plate near the planting chamber. The other ends of the springs a are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the planting chamber. Grooves are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the outlet of the irrigation pipe, and the grooves are movably inserted into the middle of the guide plate. The irrigation part also includes a guide tube, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the outlet of the irrigation pipe. A sealing plug b is provided on the side of the guide tube away from the planting chamber. The sealing plug b is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the irrigation pipe. A push rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the side of the sealing plug b near the guide tube. The push rod is slidably connected to the inner cavity of the guide tube. The push rod passes through the guide tube and contacts the middle of the guide plate. A spring b is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the middle part of the push rod in the inner cavity of the guide tube. The other end of the spring b is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the guide tube. The lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber is provided with a groove, and the drain outlet is located at the end of the groove facing the outside of the planting chamber. The drain section also includes a filter screen, which is fixedly connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber and covers the groove. A sealing plug c is slidably connected to the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The side of the sealing plug c near the drain outlet is in contact with the inner ring of the drain outlet, and a spring c is fixedly connected to one end of the sealing plug c in the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The other end of the spring c is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the planting chamber. The drainage section also includes a push rod, which is fixedly connected to the middle of the inner cavity of the drain pipe, and the outer end of the push rod extends out of the drain pipe and is close to the sealing plug c.

2. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the base, distributed on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base. Both sets of mounting brackets contain chains. A drive motor is fixedly installed on the upper end of the two sets of mounting brackets on the side away from each other. The output end of the drive motor extends into the corresponding mounting bracket and is fixedly connected to a sprocket. The outer ring of the sprocket meshes with the inner ring of the upper end of the chain.

3. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two sets of chains are fixedly connected to adjacent sides with collars. The left and right ends of the planting chamber are rotatably connected to the inner cavities of the two sets of collars. An air vent is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber, and a counterweight is fixedly connected to the lower end of the planting chamber.

4. The three-dimensional mushroom cultivation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive unit also includes two sets of sliding grooves, which are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the upper end of the base. The inner cavity of each set of sliding grooves is slidably connected to a sliding frame. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame slide in the inner cavity of the two sets of sliding grooves respectively. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the inner cavity of the base. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the sliding frame. The left and right sides of the upper end of the sliding frame are both through the sliding grooves, and the upper ends of the parts extending out of the sliding grooves are fixedly connected to brackets. Multiple sets of irrigation pipes are fixedly connected to the right side of the left bracket, while multiple sets of drainage pipes are fixedly connected to the left side of the right bracket.

5. The mushroom three-dimensional cultivation equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The circulation section also includes a sewage tank, which is fixedly connected to the front side of the inner cavity of the base. A watering tank is fixedly connected to the rear side of the inner cavity of the base. A water pump is fixedly connected to the left side of the inner cavity of the base. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the watering tank. A four-head pipe is connected through the outlet of the water pump through the base. The four-head pipe is fixedly connected to the upper left side of the base. Each of the three outlets of the four-head pipe is connected to a water supply pipe. All three water supply pipes extend into the inner cavity of the left support and are connected to the watering pipe. A drain pipe is connected to the lower end of the right support. The lower end of the drain pipe passes through the base and is connected to the inlet of the sewage tank.

6. A method for cultivating edible fungi using a three-dimensional mushroom cultivation system, characterized in that: The mushroom three-dimensional cultivation equipment applicable to any one of claims 1 to 5 includes: S1: Planting. When in use, drive the sliding frame to move to the middle position and switch the device to the second state. At this time, the chain can drive the planting bin to slide along the mounting frame. At this time, add nutrients and planting base to the bottom planting bin and control the planting bin to slide in the mounting frame after filling. Adjust the next set of planting bins to the bottom until the planting operation is completed. S2: Irrigation. When irrigation is needed, first move the planting chamber to the designated position so that the water inlet is aligned with the irrigation pipe. Then move the sliding frame to the right end so that the irrigation pipe is connected to the water inlet and push the sealing plug a to open. At this time, the irrigation liquid in the water pipe enters the lower end of the inner cavity of the planting chamber through the irrigation pipe and is fully irrigated using the soaking irrigation method. S3: Drainage. After irrigation is completed, the sliding frame moves to the left end point to connect the drainage pipe with the drainage outlet. At this time, the irrigation pipe has been separated from the water inlet, and the sealing plug a also closes automatically. Then, the water in the planting chamber is discharged from the drain pipe through the drainage pipe to avoid excessive water accumulation and prolonged soaking during irrigation, which can cause the mushroom roots to rot and affect the planting. S4: Harvesting. After irrigation and drainage are completed, the device is switched to the second mode and the mushrooms are allowed to grow. Once the mushrooms are mature, they can be harvested from the bottom planting chamber. The planting chambers are moved by a chain, and the subsequent planting chambers are moved to the bottom in a cycle to facilitate harvesting by the staff.

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