Agricultural product traceability coding method and system based on zero correlation region sequence

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of information and communication for supervision purposes, and particularly discloses an agricultural product traceability coding method and system based on a zero correlation region sequence. According to the scheme, the agricultural product traceability information is mapped into the sequence index and synthesized into the final code by generating the sequence set meeting the zero correlation region characteristic, and efficient decoding and verification are achieved through correlation operation. According to the method, on the premise that a high-complexity encryption mechanism is not introduced, the accuracy and the anti-jamming capability of batch reading are improved, and meanwhile the resource requirement for tail end recognition equipment is lowered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of information and communication technology for supervision purposes, and particularly relates to a method and system for agricultural product traceability coding based on zero-correlation zone sequences. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of agricultural product quality safety and supply chain management, establishing a reliable and efficient traceability system is a key link to ensure food safety and enhance consumer trust. As the core of this system, traceability coding plays an important role in uniquely identifying agricultural products and recording their production, processing, circulation and other whole-process information.

[0003] Among them, the agricultural product traceability technology based on sequence coding is one of the main means to realize information tracing. This technology aims to assign a unique code to each agricultural product, and associate it with the data generated at each link of the supply chain through the code, so as to realize the query and traceability of the whole chain information from the field to the table.

[0004] The existing technology usually uses linear increasing sequence or simple pseudo-random sequence as the basis of traceability coding. However, the autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics of such coding sequences are often not ideal, leading to interference between different codes in batch reading scenarios, reducing the recognition accuracy, and even unable to distinguish similar codes.

[0005] In addition, the complex encryption and verification mechanism introduced to cope with the risk of forgery and tampering, although it improves security, its high computational complexity puts too high a performance requirement on low-cost identification devices at the end of the traceability chain, making it difficult to popularize in practical applications, forming a prominent contradiction between traceability security and implementation cost. Therefore, how to design a traceability coding method suitable for resource-constrained environments and easy to identify quickly under the premise of ensuring code uniqueness, collision resistance and a certain security has become a technical problem to be solved in this field. SUMMARY

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the existing agricultural product traceability coding method in batch reading scenarios, such as recognition interference, accuracy reduction due to the unsatisfactory autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics of the coding sequence, and high cost of end identification devices due to the introduction of high complexity encryption and verification mechanism, which is difficult to popularize. The present application provides a method and system for agricultural product traceability coding based on zero-correlation zone sequences. The present application aims to construct a class of zero-correlation zone sequences with ideal correlation characteristics as the coding basis, to ensure code uniqueness, collision resistance and security, while improving the accuracy and efficiency of batch reading, and reducing the computational resource requirements of end identification devices.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a kind of agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero correlation zone sequence.The system is cooperatively constituted by sequence generation module, information mapping module, coding synthesis module, verification identification module and data management module.

[0008] Sequence generation module is used to construct a set of basic sequence set satisfying zero correlation zone characteristics according to preset sequence length parameter and zero correlation zone width parameter.The module contains an iteration screening unit inside, and its operation process is as follows: First, generate an initial pseudo-random sequence pool;Then, calculate the periodic cross-correlation function value of any two sequences in the pool within the zero correlation zone range, and the function value of the periodic autocorrelation function of each sequence at non-zero offset within the zero correlation zone range; Then, remove those sequences whose periodic cross-correlation function value exceeds the preset threshold at non-zero place within the zero correlation zone, or the periodic autocorrelation function value exceeds the preset threshold at non-zero offset within the zero correlation zone; Finally, the remaining sequences are optimized to ensure that the final output basic sequence set meets the capacity requirements of traceability coding, and all sequences strictly meet the condition that the autocorrelation function value is zero at non-zero offset within the specified zero correlation zone width, and the cross-correlation function value is also 0 at any offset.

[0009] Information mapping module is used to structure the traceability information elements of agricultural products and map them into specific sequence index combination.The module first defines the fields of traceability information elements, which include at least the origin identification, production batch, product category code and timestamp.Then, the module converts the value of each field into one or more index values according to the predefined mapping rule.These index values directly correspond to specific sequences in the basic sequence set output by the sequence generation module.

[0010] Coding synthesis module is connected to sequence generation module and information mapping module, used to receive sequence index combination from information mapping module and retrieve corresponding basic sequences from sequence generation module.The core operation of this module is to synthesize multiple basic sequences according to the preset synthesis algorithm to generate the final traceability code.One preferred synthesis method is linear superposition, i.e.mod2 addition operation on corresponding bits of multiple basic sequences to generate a new composite sequence as the final code.

[0011] Verification identification module is responsible for decoding and validity verification of collected traceability code.The module contains a correlation calculator and a decision maker.The correlation calculator performs correlation operation within the zero correlation zone range between the received identification code signal and each sequence in the local stored basic sequence set.

[0012] The decision maker is used to analyze the result of the correlation operation, and its decision logic is as follows: if the correlation peak value of the to-be-identified coded signal and a certain basic sequence in the zero correlation zone is 1, and the correlation peak value of the to-be-identified coded signal and all other basic sequences in the zero correlation zone is 0, it is determined that the basic sequence is correctly identified; further, according to the identified basic sequence combination, the corresponding trace information index is inversely analyzed, and the decoding process is completed. If the correlation operation result does not satisfy the above unique peak value condition, it is determined that the code is invalid or there is an error.

[0013] The data management module interacts with all the above-mentioned modules for data, and is used for storing and managing the basic sequence set, the mapping rule, the synthesis algorithm parameter, and the association relationship of the allocated code and the trace information. The module is also responsible for recording the allocation log and the identification log of the code.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the mathematical basis adopted by the sequence generation module for constructing the basic sequence set is a perfect complementary sequence pair or a zero correlation zone sequence family, and the sequence length is preferably a power of 2, such as 64, 128 or 256, and the zero correlation zone width is preferably 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 of the sequence length.

[0015] Further, the mapping rule adopted by the information mapping module is a hierarchical mapping strategy. Specifically, the origin identification is mapped to a main sequence index in the basic sequence set; the production batch and product category code are collectively mapped to another group of auxiliary sequence indexes; and the timestamp information is converted into a dynamic sequence index through a modulo operation. This hierarchical mapping strategy helps to reflect the hierarchical structure and timeliness of the information in the code.

[0016] Further, in the synthesis of the final code, the code synthesis module can selectively introduce a lightweight confusion operation in addition to the linear superposition of the basic sequences. The confusion operation is based on a random number seed derived from the product unique identifier, and performs a fixed pattern cyclic shift on the synthesized sequence. This operation does not increase the computational complexity of the correlation characteristics of the sequence, but can increase the randomness and anti-forgery ability of the code.

[0017] Further, the correlation operator of the verification and identification module adopts a parallel processing architecture, which can simultaneously calculate the correlation values of the to-be-identified coded signal and multiple basic sequences, thereby improving the decoding speed in batch reading scenarios.

[0018] Further, the data management module integrates a lightweight security verification mechanism. This mechanism does not rely on complex asymmetric encryption algorithms, but embeds a message authentication code fragment generated by the sequence index combination through a hash function in the code synthesis stage, and stores the fragment together with the code. After decoding, the verification and identification module will recalculate the message authentication code and compare it with the stored fragment to achieve low-cost verification of data integrity and source authenticity.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that: 1. The present application fundamentally solves the technical problem of mutual interference between different codes in batch reading scenarios by using a sequence strictly meeting the zero correlation zone characteristic as the coding basis. Since the cross-correlation value between any two coding sequences is 0 in the specified zero correlation zone, and the autocorrelation function of each coding sequence is also 0 at the non-zero offset, the recognition device can accurately capture the correlation peak of the target code without interference in this area, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of batch reading.

[0020] 2. The present application realizes the unique positioning and a certain degree of anti-counterfeiting ability of the code by the carefully designed sequence generation, information mapping and coding synthesis process without introducing high computational complexity encryption algorithm. The scarcity of the sequence itself, the complexity of the mapping rule and the optional lightweight confusion operation together form a security barrier for the code. At the same time, the integrated lightweight message authentication code verification mechanism guarantees the integrity of the data with low computational overhead, making the present application scheme particularly suitable for resource-constrained end recognition devices, and breaking the contradiction between traceability security and implementation cost.

[0021] 3. The system architecture of the present application is clear and the modules cooperate efficiently. From the generation of the sequence, the mapping of the information, the synthesis of the code to the final verification and recognition, a complete and optimized technical path is formed. The parallel correlation operation strategy adopted by the verification and recognition module further improves the throughput of the system when processing large-scale and high-concurrency reading requests. The whole scheme is not only theoretically rigorous, but also has strong engineering realizability, providing practical core technical support for building an efficient, low-cost and highly reliable agricultural product traceability system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall technical scheme architecture diagram of the agricultural product traceability coding system based on the zero correlation zone sequence proposed by the present application; Figure 2 is the core principle framework diagram of the zero correlation zone sequence generation module in the present application; Figure 3 is the logical flow framework diagram of information mapping and code synthesis in the present application; Figure 4 is the multi-level interaction relationship and data flow diagram of the verification and recognition module in the present application; Figure 5 is the principle comparison diagram of the zero correlation zone sequence in the present application and the existing coding technology in the batch reading scenario. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Please refer to the attached Figure 1The embodiment details a specific implementation of a zero-correlation zone sequence based agricultural product traceability coding system. The system consists of five core modules: sequence generation module, information mapping module, coding synthesis module, verification and identification module, and data management module. These modules work together through strictly defined interfaces and data streams to achieve the entire process of agricultural product traceability coding generation, distribution, identification, and verification.

[0024] The system design aims to utilize the ideal correlation characteristics of zero-correlation zone sequences to achieve high-precision and low-interference coding identification in batch reading environments. At the same time, through a lightweight security mechanism, the reliability and anti-counterfeiting of the coding are ensured, avoiding excessive computational resource requirements for end identification devices.

[0025] The sequence generation module is the foundation of the system, responsible for constructing a basic sequence set with zero-correlation zone characteristics. Please refer to the attached Figure 2 The module contains an iterative screening unit, which can be physically implemented based on high-performance computing chips or dedicated digital signal processors. The execution flow of the iterative screening unit contains four strictly sequential stages.

[0026] The first stage is the generation of the initial sequence pool. This stage calls a strictly tested pseudo-random number generator, and the initial seed of the generator is injected by the system administrator through a secure channel. The pseudo-random number generator generates a large number of binary sequences according to the preset sequence length parameter, forming the initial sequence pool. The sequence length parameter is usually set to a power of 2, such as 64, 128, or 256, which is to optimize the fast algorithm implementation of subsequent correlation operations.

[0027] The second stage is the calculation of correlation characteristics. This stage calculates the periodic cross-correlation function value of each pair of sequences in the initial sequence pool within the specified zero-correlation zone width range. At the same time, for each sequence, the function value of its periodic autocorrelation function at all non-zero offset points within the zero-correlation zone range is calculated. The calculation process uses a parallel processing architecture, utilizing multiple computing cores to simultaneously process different sequence pairs or sequence offset points to improve computational efficiency.

[0028] The third stage is threshold screening. This stage sets two strict numerical thresholds, usually set to 0. The correlation function values and autocorrelation function values obtained in the second stage are compared with the threshold values. Any sequence pair whose cross-correlation function value in the zero-correlation zone exceeds the threshold at non-zero offset points is marked as unqualified. Any sequence whose autocorrelation function value in the zero-correlation zone exceeds the threshold at non-zero offset points is also marked as unqualified. All marked sequences are removed from the candidate pool.

[0029] The fourth stage is capacity optimization. This stage evaluates the remaining sequence set after the first three stages and checks whether the number of sequences meets the predefined traceability code capacity requirement. The capacity requirement is calculated based on the types of agricultural products to be managed, the number of production locations, and the time span. If the number of remaining sequences is insufficient, the first stage is returned to adjust the seed or sequence length parameter of the pseudo-random number generator and restart the iteration process. If the number of remaining sequences meets or exceeds the requirement, a subset with the best correlation performance is selected as the final output basic sequence set.

[0030] Each sequence in the set strictly meets the requirement that its autocorrelation function has a value of 0 at all non-zero offsets within the specified zero correlation zone width, and the cross-correlation function between any two different sequences in the set also has a value of 0 at any offset within the zero correlation zone.

[0031] The data management module stores the basic sequence set along with its generation parameters in a specific area of the core database, and records the generation timestamp and checksum.

[0032] The information mapping module is responsible for converting structured agricultural product traceability information into a combination of sequence indexes. Please refer to Appendix Figure 3 The module first defines a complete set of traceability information element field system. This system includes at least four core fields.

[0033] The first field is the production location identifier, which uses the national or regional standard code and is accurate to the county-level administrative division.

[0034] The second field is the production batch, which is generated by the production enterprise based on the production date and production line number.

[0035] The third field is the product category code, which refers to the national agricultural product classification standard, such as fruits, vegetables, grains, etc., and each major category can be further subdivided.

[0036] The fourth field is the timestamp, which records the specific moment when the product completes primary processing or packaging, with an accuracy of seconds. The information mapping module internally implements a hierarchical mapping strategy.

[0037] The strategy converts the values of the above four fields into corresponding sequence indexes through predefined mapping rules.

[0038] The mapping rules are stored in the configuration table of the data management module, allowing system administrators to adjust them according to actual business needs.

[0039] For the production location identifier field, the mapping rule directly maps it to a primary sequence index in the basic sequence set.

[0040] The master sequence index is relatively stable throughout the traceability system, representing the origin of the product.

[0041] For the production batch and product category code fields, the mapping rule combines the values of the two fields to encode a set of auxiliary sequence indexes.

[0042] This set of auxiliary sequence indexes usually contains two indexes, corresponding to the different dimensions of batch and category.

[0043] For the timestamp field, the mapping rule first performs a modulo operation on it, with the modulus set according to the required update frequency of the business, for example, 24 hours, and then maps the result of the modulo operation to a dynamic sequence index.

[0044] The dynamic sequence index makes the encoding have the feature of timeliness. All the sequence index combinations generated by mapping form an index tuple, which will be sent to the encoding synthesis module for subsequent processing.

[0045] The data management module records the log of each information mapping operation, including the input traceability information, the output index tuple, and the mapping rule version number.

[0046] The encoding synthesis module receives the sequence index combination from the information mapping module and retrieves the corresponding basic sequences from the basic sequence set generated by the sequence generation module.

[0047] The core function of this module is to synthesize multiple basic sequences into a final traceability code.

[0048] Its synthesis algorithm uses a linear superposition method.

[0049] Specifically, the encoding synthesis module reads the index tuple from the data management module, and then retrieves the corresponding multiple basic sequences from the basic sequence set according to the index values.

[0050] These basic sequences are loaded into a specific buffer area in memory.

[0051] Then, the synthesis engine performs bitwise modulo 2 addition operation on these basic sequences.

[0052] The rule of modulo 2 addition operation is that for the bit values of multiple sequences at the same position, an XOR operation is performed.

[0053] The operation result produces a new composite sequence, which is the final generated agricultural product traceability code.

[0054] In order to further enhance the randomness and anti-forgery ability of the code, the encoding synthesis module can optionally integrate a lightweight confusion operation unit. This unit is started after completing the linear superposition.

[0055] The obfuscation operation requires a random number seed, which is derived from the product's unique identifier by a simple hash function.

[0056] The product's unique identifier can be the product's serial number or the batch number within the product.

[0057] The specific content of the obfuscation operation is to determine a cyclic shift amount of a fixed pattern according to the random number seed, and then cyclically shift the synthesized composite sequence.

[0058] The cyclic shift operation does not change the correlation characteristics of the sequence itself, but makes the final encoded bit pattern exhibit stronger randomness, increasing the difficulty for unauthorized parties to guess or forge the encoding.

[0059] After completing the synthesis and optional obfuscation, the final traceability code is sent to the data management module for storage and strong association with the corresponding agricultural product traceability information.

[0060] At the same time, the encoding synthesis module triggers the security verification mechanism in the data management module to generate a message authentication code fragment related to the encoding.

[0061] The verification and identification module is responsible for decoding and validity determination of the encoding signal collected from the agricultural product label or packaging. Please refer to the attached Figure 4 The module contains two core sub-units: correlation operator and decision maker.

[0062] The correlation operator adopts a highly parallel hardware architecture design, such as based on field programmable gate array or application specific integrated circuit, which can simultaneously process multiple correlation operation tasks.

[0063] When the verification and identification module receives a to-be-identified encoding signal, it first preprocesses the signal, including signal amplification, filtering, digitization, and synchronization header detection, to recover a clear binary sequence.

[0064] Subsequently, the correlation operator performs correlation operation on the recovered sequence and the entire basic sequence set stored in the data management module.

[0065] The correlation operation is strictly limited within the pre-defined zero correlation zone width.

[0066] The correlation operator internally contains a large number of parallel correlation calculation units, each of which is responsible for calculating the correlation value of the to-be-identified sequence and a basic sequence within the zero correlation zone.

[0067] The correlation value calculation adopts a sliding correlation algorithm, which calculates the inner product of the to-be-identified sequence and the local basic sequence under different cyclic shifts, and finds the maximum value as the correlation peak value.

[0068] The decision maker monitors the output of all relevant computing units in real time. It has a set of accurate decision-making logic built in. The logic first scans all the correlation peaks corresponding to the basic sequences.

[0069] The decision condition is that the decision maker decides that the basic sequence is correctly identified only when and only when there is only one basic sequence, the correlation peak of the to-be-identified coding sequence with it in the zero correlation zone is equal to 1, and the correlation peak of the to-be-identified coding sequence with all other sequences in the basic sequence set in the zero correlation zone is equal to 0.

[0070] If multiple basic sequences are identified, the decision maker will parse the corresponding traceability information index according to the identified basic sequence combination, combined with the mapping rules stored in the data management module, to complete the decoding process and restore the origin, batch, category and time information of the agricultural products.

[0071] If the correlation operation result does not meet the above unique peak condition, for example, multiple peaks or no peak reaches 1, the decision maker determines that the code is invalid or there is a reading error, and generates a corresponding error report uploaded to the data management module.

[0072] The parallel processing capability of the verification and identification module makes it particularly suitable for batch reading scenarios, and can simultaneously process coding signals from multiple readers, improving the overall decoding throughput.

[0073] The data management module serves as the data center of the system and continuously interacts with all other modules.

[0074] The module is physically implemented by a database server cluster to ensure high availability and reliability of data.

[0075] The data management module stores and manages multiple key data entities.

[0076] The first entity is the basic sequence set generated by the sequence generation module, including the binary content of the sequence, the length of the sequence, the width of the zero correlation zone and the generation parameters.

[0077] The second entity is the mapping rule configuration table used by the information mapping module, which defines the conversion relationship between each traceability information field and the sequence index in detail.

[0078] The third entity is the synthesis algorithm parameters involved in the coding synthesis module, such as whether to enable the confusion operation and the parameter settings of the confusion operation.

[0079] The fourth entity is the association mapping table of the allocated code and the complete traceability information, which is the core basis for decoding and traceability query.

[0080] The fifth entity is the system operation log, including sequence generation log, code allocation log and verification identification log.

[0081] The data management module also integrates a lightweight security check mechanism.

[0082] The mechanism is activated during the code synthesis phase.

[0083] When the code synthesis module generates a final code, the data management module calls a fast hash function, such as CRC32 or a lightweight encryption hash function variant.

[0084] The input of the hash function is the sequence index combination tuple generated by the information mapping module.

[0085] The hash calculation produces a fixed-length message authentication code, and for storage efficiency, only the first few bits of the message authentication code are usually taken as an authentication code segment.

[0086] The data management module stores this authentication code segment in association with the agricultural product traceability code record.

[0087] When the verification identification module successfully decodes a code and restores the sequence index combination, the data management module uses the same hash function and extraction rule to recalculate the message authentication code segment for the restored index combination.

[0088] The system compares the newly calculated segment with the previously stored segment accurately.

[0089] If the two segments are exactly the same, it is determined that the code data is complete and the source is reliable.

[0090] If the comparison fails, a security alert is triggered, indicating that the code may have been tampered with or data errors occurred during transmission.

[0091] This hash segment comparison-based check mechanism has much lower computational overhead than full asymmetric encryption verification, making it very suitable for resource-constrained end identification devices, while ensuring data security while considering implementation costs.

[0092] The data flow between the modules of the system follows strict protocols. The sequence generation module, when starting or updating as scheduled, transmits the generated basic sequence set to the data management module through an encrypted channel.

[0093] The information mapping module, upon receiving a new agricultural product traceability information entry request, reads the current effective mapping rules from the data management module, performs the mapping operation, and sends the generated index tuple to the code synthesis module, while writing operation details log to the data management module.

[0094] The encoding synthesis module requests the corresponding basic sequence data from the data management module after receiving the index tuple, and returns the final encoding to the data management module for storage and association after completing the encoding synthesis.

[0095] The verification and identification module obtains a read-only copy of the basic sequence set and the mapping rule from the data management module when working, and returns the identification result to the data management module in real time.

[0096] The communication of the whole system adopts a lightweight application layer protocol, and the data packet structure includes a packet header, a command word, a data body, and a check code, to ensure the reliability and integrity of the transmission.

[0097] The performance advantage of the system is particularly prominent in batch identification scenarios. Please refer to the attached Figure 5 Since the encoding sequence adopted has ideal autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics in the zero correlation zone, when multiple agricultural products with different encodings enter the reading area at the same time, the detection signal emitted by the reader will only produce a sharp correlation peak in the corresponding zero correlation zone for each encoding sequence, and the cross-correlation value in this area for other encoding sequences is always 0.

[0098] This avoids the problem of misidentification or reduced identification rate caused by cross-correlation interference in traditional encoding.

[0099] The parallel architecture of the verification and identification module can simultaneously handle these concurrent correlation peak detection tasks, quickly complete the decoding and verification of multiple encodings, and thus realize efficient and high-accuracy batch agricultural product traceability information collection.

[0100] The parameter configuration of the system has high flexibility. The sequence length, zero correlation zone width, basic sequence set size, mapping rule details, synthesis algorithm options, and security check strength, and other key parameters can be adjusted through the configuration interface provided by the data management module to adapt to different scale and different security requirement agricultural product traceability application scenarios. The system also has perfect monitoring and alarm functions, which can monitor the running state, data flow health status and security events of each module in real time, to ensure long-term stable and reliable operation of the system.

[0101] The present embodiment provides an alternative embodiment of an agricultural product traceability encoding system based on a zero correlation zone sequence, which has the same core architecture, but adopts different technical paths in the construction method of the sequence generation module and the synthesis algorithm of the encoding synthesis module, aiming to further optimize the generation efficiency of the sequence and the robustness of the encoding.

[0102] In this embodiment, the mathematical basis relied on by the iteration and screening unit of the sequence generation module adopts the theory of perfect complementary sequences.

[0103] A perfect complementary sequence pair is a set of two or more sequences, whose characteristic is that the sum of the sidelobes of the autocorrelation function of the sequences in the set and the sum of the cross-correlation functions of the sequences in the set are zero in a certain interval.

[0104] The module first generates a large number of candidate sequence pairs.

[0105] The generation process is based on known perfect complementary sequence construction methods, such as extended generation based on Hadamard matrix or number theory method.

[0106] After generating the candidate sequence pool, the module calculates the value of the periodic autocorrelation function of each pair of sequences at the non-zero offset in the zero correlation zone, and the value of the periodic cross-correlation function between different sequence pairs in the zero correlation zone.

[0107] The screening threshold is also set to 0.

[0108] The module eliminates any sequence pair that does not meet the zero correlation zone characteristic.

[0109] The final preferred sequence pair set constitutes the basic sequence set of the system.

[0110] This perfect complementary sequence pair-based method can converge faster to a sequence set that meets the zero correlation zone condition under certain parameter conditions, improving the efficiency of sequence generation.

[0111] The generated basic sequence set is also stored in the data management module.

[0112] The information mapping module uses a hierarchical mapping strategy to map the origin identification, production batch, product category code, and timestamp to a sequence index combination.

[0113] Its field definition, mapping rule logic, and interaction process with the data management module are consistent.

[0114] The encoding synthesis module adopts a synthesis algorithm that is not simply linear superposition modulo 2 addition after receiving the index combination and retrieving the basic sequences.

[0115] This embodiment introduces a synthesis method based on cyclic convolution. This method treats the retrieved multiple basic sequences as discrete signals and performs cyclic convolution operation in the frequency domain or time domain.

[0116] Specifically, the encoding synthesis module first converts each basic sequence to the frequency domain through fast Fourier transform.

[0117] Then, the spectra of multiple sequences are multiplied point by point in the frequency domain.

[0118] Finally, the multiplication result is converted back to the time domain through inverse fast Fourier transform to obtain the final composite sequence as the traceability code.

[0119] This frequency domain synthesis method can enhance the resistance to channel noise to some extent.

[0120] The confusion operation still exists as an optional function in this embodiment, and its implementation is based on cyclic shift of a seed derived from the product unique identifier.

[0121] The correlation operation algorithm of the verification and identification module is adjusted accordingly to adapt to the cyclic convolution synthesis method of the encoding synthesis module.

[0122] The correlation operation module uses the principle of a matched filter, and the reference signal stored locally is a form of the basic sequence after corresponding preprocessing.

[0123] When receiving the to-be-identified encoded signal, the correlation operation module also converts it to the frequency domain, multiplies it by the conjugate of the frequency domain form of all basic sequences stored locally, and then inversely transforms it back to the time domain and finds the peak value.

[0124] The decision logic of the decision maker depends on finding a unique strong correlation peak in the zero correlation zone.

[0125] The parallel processing architecture is also applied to the verification and identification module of this embodiment to ensure batch reading performance.

[0126] The functions of the data management module, the stored data entities, the security verification mechanism, and the interaction protocol with other modules remain unchanged. The lightweight security verification mechanism is also based on hash operation on sequence index combinations to generate authentication code segments, which are stored and compared.

[0127] This embodiment provides another technical choice for implementing zero correlation zone characteristic encoding by changing the basic mathematical tools for sequence generation and the encoding synthesis algorithm.

[0128] The generation method based on perfect complementary sequence pairs may provide more abundant sequence selection under certain sequence length.

[0129] The synthesis method based on cyclic convolution may exhibit better robustness in some identification environments with specific noise patterns.

[0130] System implementers can choose from the technical solutions provided in this embodiment or fine-tune the parameters to achieve the best agricultural product traceability encoding effect according to specific performance requirements, hardware computing power, and application environment characteristics.

[0131] The core advantage of the system, i.e., utilizing the zero correlation zone characteristic to achieve batch non-interference reading and balancing security and cost through a lightweight mechanism, is fully embodied and guaranteed in both embodiments.

[0132] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the scope of the present application is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0133] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, alternatives, and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences, characterized in that, include: The sequence generation module is used to construct a set of basic sequences that satisfy the characteristics of the zero correlation region based on preset sequence length parameters and zero correlation region width parameters. The information mapping module is used to structure agricultural product traceability information elements and map them into specific sequence index combinations. The information mapping module first defines traceability information element fields, which include at least the place of origin identifier, production batch, product category code, and timestamp. Then, according to predefined mapping rules, the value of each field is converted into one or more index values. The index values ​​directly correspond to specific sequences in the basic sequence set output by the sequence generation module. The encoding synthesis module, connected to the sequence generation module and the information mapping module, is used to receive the sequence index combination from the information mapping module and retrieve the corresponding basic sequence from the sequence generation module; the encoding synthesis module synthesizes the retrieved multiple basic sequences according to a preset synthesis algorithm to generate the final traceability code. The verification and identification module is responsible for decoding and validating the collected traceability codes. The data management module interacts with all other modules to store and manage basic sequence sets, mapping rules, synthesis algorithm parameters, the association between assigned codes and traceability information, as well as code allocation logs and identification logs.

2. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sequence generation module includes an iterative filtering unit, which first generates an initial pseudo-random sequence pool. Next, calculate the periodic cross-correlation function values ​​of any two sequences within the zero-correlation region, and the periodic autocorrelation function values ​​of each sequence at non-zero offsets within the zero-correlation region; Then, sequences whose periodic cross-correlation function values ​​exceed a preset threshold at non-zero points within the zero correlation region or whose periodic autocorrelation function values ​​exceed a preset threshold at non-zero offset points within the zero correlation region are removed. Finally, the remaining sequences are optimized to ensure that the number of basic sequences in the final output set meets the traceability coding capacity requirements, and that all sequences strictly satisfy the condition that the autocorrelation function is 0 at non-zero offsets and the cross-correlation function is 0 at any offset within the specified zero correlation region width.

3. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The verification and identification module includes a related arithmetic unit and a decision unit; The correlation operator performs correlation operations within the zero correlation region between the received coded signal to be identified and each sequence in the locally stored basic sequence set; The decision-maker analyzes the relevant calculation results, and its judgment logic is that if the correlation peak of the signal to be identified and a certain basic sequence is 1 in the zero correlation region and the correlation peak of all other basic sequences in the zero correlation region is 0, then the basic sequence is determined to be correctly identified, and the corresponding source information index is reversed according to the combination of the identified basic sequences to complete the decoding process. If the result of the relevant calculation does not meet the unique peak condition, the encoding is determined to be invalid or contains an error.

4. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mathematical basis used by the sequence generation module to construct the basic sequence set is complete complementary sequence pairs or families of sequences with zero correlation.

5. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information mapping module adopts a hierarchical mapping strategy; specifically, it maps the place of origin identifier to the main sequence index in the basic sequence set; it maps the production batch and product category code together to another set of auxiliary sequence indices; and it transforms the timestamp information into a dynamic sequence index through modulo operation.

6. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encoding and synthesis module uses a linear superposition algorithm; the linear superposition performs modulo-2 addition on corresponding bits of multiple basic sequences to generate a new composite sequence as the final traceability code.

7. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 4, characterized in that, The encoding and synthesis module is also used to selectively introduce a lightweight obfuscation operation when synthesizing the final encoding; the obfuscation operation is based on a random number seed derived from the product's unique identifier, and performs a fixed-pattern cyclic shift on the synthesized sequence.

8. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The correlation unit of the verification and recognition module adopts a parallel processing architecture, which can simultaneously calculate the correlation value between the coded signal to be recognized and multiple basic sequences.

9. The agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data management module integrates a lightweight security verification mechanism; the security verification mechanism embeds a message authentication code fragment generated by combining sequence indexes and hashing during the encoding synthesis stage, and stores the fragment together with the encoding; the verification and identification module recalculates the message authentication code after decoding and compares it with the stored fragment.

10. A method for tracing and coding agricultural products based on zero-correlation region sequences, characterized in that, Agricultural product traceability coding is implemented using the agricultural product traceability coding system based on zero-correlation region sequences as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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