Laser cutting unit based on aluminum veneer machining robot and cutting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting unit based on an aluminum veneer machining robot and a cutting method, and relates to the technical field of laser cutting, the laser cutting unit comprises a laser cutting rack, a laser module is arranged at the top of the laser cutting rack, and a moving module used for driving the laser module to move is arranged on the outer side of the laser cutting rack; according to the scheme, a three-dimensional and all-directional cleaning system covering the side face and the inclined face of the nail plate is constructed through cooperative work of the side face cleaning piece and the inclined face cleaning piece, it is ensured that no matter where the slag is attached to the nail plate, the slag can be effectively removed, supporting protrusions caused by local slag are fundamentally eradicated, and the service life of the nail plate is prolonged. And an almost ideal leveling reference is provided for laser cutting, and the method is a decisive link for guaranteeing the final cutting precision.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a laser cutting unit and a cutting method based on an aluminum veneer processing robot. BACKGROUND

[0002] The laser cutting machine is an important component of the laser cutting unit. The laser cutting machine emits laser from the laser, focuses into a high-power density laser beam through the optical system, and irradiates the workpiece surface. The workpiece reaches the melting point or boiling point, and the high-pressure gas coaxial with the beam blows away the molten or vaporized metal, thereby realizing the cutting of the metal plate.

[0003] Referring to the patent application with the publication number CN209754291U, a kind of intelligent laser cutting unit, including material preparation table that is sequentially arranged, the top surface of the material preparation table is provided with sink, one end of the sink extends to the edge of material preparation table and forms opening, the center of the sink is provided with notch, the notch of the sink is provided with baffle above, conveying frame, one end of the conveying frame is arranged in the notch, the conveying frame includes frame body and the transmission belt that is arranged on the frame body, the outer surface of the transmission belt is provided with tab, transfer device, the transfer device includes mobile guide rail of guiding action and mechanical claw of grabbing and transferring, the mechanical claw is slidably arranged below the mobile guide rail.The utility model sets up material preparation table, conveying frame, transfer device and laser cutting machine, realizes material preparation, separates material, transfers and carries material and cutting processing material mechanical automation, forms a complete intelligent laser cutting unit, liberates labor, improves processing efficiency.

[0004] In the laser cutting process, the workpiece is usually supported and fixed by a plurality of pin plates on the processing platform. However, the high-temperature metal slag (waste slag) generated by cutting will inevitably splash and adhere to the surface and side surface of the supporting pin plate. In the prior art, in order to ensure that the plate is placed flat, the operator needs to stop regularly and clean and maintain the entire pin plate. This maintenance method mainly has the following problems: 1. Low maintenance efficiency, affecting production continuity: the overall cleaning needs to interrupt the entire processing process and unload the plate, which seriously disrupts the production rhythm and reduces the comprehensive utilization rate of the equipment.

[0005] 2. Cleaning is difficult to complete, and there are quality risks: manual cleaning or simple blowing cannot effectively remove the stubborn waste slag on the inclined surface of the pin plate. The small waste slag that is not removed will cause a slight protrusion at the supporting point, causing the plate to be placed locally uneven. This slight flatness deviation will directly affect the position of the laser focal point, ultimately leading to uneven cutting section, size out-of-tolerance and other product quality problems. 3. Lack of online processing capability: when individual pin plates are found to be unstable due to waste residue during the production process, the existing technology lacks online and local processing means, and often can only clean after the entire plate is removed, or continue processing with error risk.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser cutting unit and cutting method based on an aluminum veneer processing robot to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a laser cutting unit and cutting method based on an aluminum veneer processing robot to solve the problems of the prior art mentioned in the background.

[0008] Based on the above idea, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a laser cutting unit based on an aluminum veneer processing robot, comprising a laser cutting rack, a laser module is arranged on the top of the laser cutting rack, a moving module for driving the laser module to move is arranged on the outside of the laser cutting rack, and further comprising: A plurality of fixed plates are sequentially fixedly connected inside the laser cutting rack, recesses are formed in the top of each of the plurality of fixed plates, and a pin plate is arranged inside each of the recesses, a first rack is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pin plate, the first rack penetrates through the fixed plate and is slidably connected with the fixed plate, a plurality of first springs are fixedly connected between the pin plate and the fixed plate, a metal plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rack, and a locking pin is arranged on the bottom of the fixed plate to limit the downward movement of the first rack; A moving block is arranged at the bottom of the pin plate, a moving element is arranged on the outside of the moving block, and a pulling element is arranged on the top of the moving block, when the pulling element moves below the pin plate, the locking of the locking pin is released and the pin plate is pulled down; A sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the moving block, a connecting element is arranged on the outside of the moving block to drive the sliding block to move, and a cleaning mechanism is arranged on the top of the sliding block to remove the residue of the pin plate after contraction. A nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the laser module, and a detection element is arranged at the bottom of the laser module to detect whether the aluminum plate is placed horizontally.

[0009] As a further scheme of the present application: the locking pin comprises two mounting plates, the two mounting plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, a fixed rod is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two mounting plates, a pawl is arranged on the outside of the fixed rod to limit the downward movement of the first rack, a torsional spring is arranged between the fixed rod and the pawl, and the two ends of the torsional spring are fixedly connected with the fixed rod and the pawl respectively.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the clamping element further comprises a fixed disc fixedly connected to one side of the pawl, a horizontal shaft fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed disc, a limiting frame arranged on the outside of the fixed disc, the horizontal shaft extending into the limiting frame and being in sliding connection with the limiting frame, a support plate fixedly connected between the two limiting frames, a first telescopic rod and a second spring fixedly connected between the support plate and the fixed plate, a pulling plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, and a pulling groove arranged on one side of the pulling plate.

[0011] As a further scheme of the present application, the pulling element comprises a fixed side plate fixedly connected to the top of the moving block, a pressing shaft fixedly connected to one side of the fixed side plate, the pressing shaft sliding into the pulling groove when the moving block moves below the nail plate, a first electromagnet fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving block, and the first electromagnet magnetically adsorbing the metal plate after being electrified.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the cleaning mechanism comprises two vertical plates fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the sliding block, the two vertical plates being oppositely arranged, a cleaning frame arranged on the opposite side of each of the two vertical plates, a connecting block fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning frame, the connecting block being in sliding connection with the inside of the vertical plate, a reciprocating screw rod rotatably connected to the outside of the vertical plate, the reciprocating screw rod penetrating through the connecting block and being connected to the connecting block through a ball nut pair, and a side cleaning element for removing slag from the side surface of the nail plate and an inclined surface cleaning element for removing slag from the inclined surface of the nail plate arranged in the cleaning frame.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application, the side cleaning element comprises a cleaning scraper penetrating through one side of the cleaning frame and being in sliding connection with the cleaning frame, a plurality of second telescopic rods and third springs fixedly connected between the cleaning scraper and one side of the inside of the cleaning frame, two guide plates fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning scraper, the two guide plates penetrating through one side of the cleaning frame and extending to the two sides of the vertical plate, a guide plate fixedly connected to each of the two sides of the vertical plate, a folding groove arranged on the outside of the guide plate, and the guide plate partially extending to the folding groove on the outside of the guide plate, the guide plate horizontally reciprocating along the folding groove when the cleaning scraper rises with the cleaning frame, and the cleaning scraper being pulled to reciprocate.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application: the inclined surface cleaning member comprises a sliding rod fixedly connected to the inside of the cleaning frame, two sliding support plates slidingly connected to the outside of the sliding rod, and a push plate fixedly connected to the outside of each of the two sliding support plates, the push plate penetrating through one end of the cleaning frame and slidingly connected to the cleaning frame, a fourth spring fixedly connected between the push plate and the cleaning frame, and a traction elastic rope fixedly connected between the push plate and the vertical plate, when the cleaning frame rises, the push plate is pulled to move towards the center of the cleaning frame through the traction elastic rope, one side of the sliding support plate is provided with a transmission shaft, a grinding sleeve is sleeved to the outside of the transmission shaft, a plurality of sliding bars are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding sleeve and slidingly connected to the transmission shaft, a second electromagnet is fixedly connected to one end of the grinding sleeve, a return spring is fixedly connected between the transmission shaft and the grinding sleeve, a fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the other end of the transmission shaft and rotationally connected to the sliding support plate, a gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed shaft, and a second gear rack is fixedly connected to the inside of the cleaning frame.

[0015] As a further scheme of the present application: the connecting member comprises an electric push rod fixedly connected to the outside of the moving block, and a plug rod fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present application: the detecting member comprises a protective cover fixedly connected to the bottom of the laser module and sleeved to the bottom of the nozzle, and a plurality of pressure sensors fixedly connected to the bottom of the protective cover.

[0017] A laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single plate processing robot, comprising the following steps: Step one: place the aluminum plate on the plurality of peg plates, drive the laser module to descend through the moving module, and make the detecting member at the bottom of the laser module contact the aluminum plate to detect the flatness of the aluminum plate; Step two: when the aluminum plate is placed and appears concave-convex, it indicates that there is slag outside the peg plate, at this time, the moving block is moved to the lower side of the corresponding peg plate through the moving member, the peg plate is pulled down by pulling the pin release member; Step three: the cleaning mechanism on the sliding block is used to clean the descending peg plate, and the cleaning is reset after completion; Step four: finally, the cutting position is detected by the detecting member, and cutting is performed after the detection is qualified.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The cutting position is inspected by the detection component. Cutting is carried out after the inspection is qualified. After the aluminum plate is placed, it can be ensured that the plate is flat every time it is cut. Thus, when an abnormality in the flatness of a certain area is found, the system can accurately locate the specific problematic plate by moving the component. The cleaning mechanism only lowers and cleans the specific plate without removing the entire plate or stopping the entire production line. This "precise" maintenance method greatly improves maintenance efficiency and minimizes interference with the production cycle.

[0019] 2. When the first electromagnet is energized, it magnetically attracts the metal plate at the bottom of the first rack, causing the nail plate to compress the first spring and descend. This facilitates subsequent cleaning of the nail plate's exterior by the cleaning mechanism, preventing collisions with the aluminum plate. The non-contact force transmission avoids rigid connections with moving parts, resulting in a simple and reliable structure. The strong magnetic force generated after energization reliably overcomes the spring force of the first spring, driving the nail plate to descend smoothly and creating space for subsequent cleaning. The entire process does not require contact with the upper plate, ensuring absolute safety and efficiency.

[0020] 3. Through the coordinated work of the side cleaning component and the bevel cleaning component, this solution constructs a three-dimensional, all-round cleaning system covering the sides and bevels of the nail plate. This ensures that no matter where the slag is attached to the nail plate, it can be effectively removed, fundamentally eliminating support protrusions caused by local slag. It provides a near-ideal flat benchmark for laser cutting and is a decisive factor in ensuring the final cutting accuracy.

[0021] 4. The controllable connection and separation of the moving block and the sliding block are achieved through the connector. This enables the equipment to have two working modes: "execution mode" and "maintenance mode". This modular function switching allows a single device to flexibly meet different needs. During laser cutting, by pulling down the nail plate in the cutting area, a safe distance is maintained between it and the high-temperature laser and molten metal sparks. This prevents the nail plate from being directly burned and molten slag from sticking to it. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing plate structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fixing plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pin structure of the present invention; Figure 6Is the mobile block structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 7 Is the pull member structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 8 Is the reciprocating screw structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 9 Is the cleaning frame structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 10 Is the cleaning scraper structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 11 Is the push plate structure schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 12 Is the polishing sleeve cross-section structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0024] In the figure: 1, laser cutting frame; 101, mobile module; 102, laser module; 103, spray head; 104, protective cover; 105, pressure sensor; 2, fixed plate; 3, nail plate; 301, first rack; 302, first spring; 303, metal plate; 401, mounting plate; 402, pawl; 403, fixed rod; 404, torsional spring; 405, fixed disc; 406, horizontal shaft; 407, limiting frame; 408, first telescopic rod; 409, second spring; 410, pull plate; 411, pull groove; 5, first screw; 501, first horizontal plate; 502, second horizontal plate; 6, mobile block; 601, fixed side plate; 602, extrusion shaft; 603, first electromagnet; 7, sliding block; 700, vertical plate; 701, reciprocating screw; 801, electric push rod; 802, insertion rod; 803, positioning groove; 9, cleaning frame; 900, connecting block; 902, cleaning scraper; 903, second telescopic rod; 904, third spring; 905, guide plate; 906, guide plate; 11, sliding support plate; 111, push plate; 112, fourth spring; 113, traction elastic rope; 114, sliding rod; 115, second rack; 12, transmission shaft; 121, polishing sleeve; 123, sliding bar; 124, second electromagnet; 125, return spring; 126, fixed shaft; 127, gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0026] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "periphery" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a laser cutting unit and cutting method based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot includes the following embodiments: Example 1: Includes a laser cutting frame 1, a laser module 102 mounted on top of the laser cutting frame 1, and a moving module 101 for driving the laser module 102 to move on the outside of the laser cutting frame 1, and further includes: Multiple fixing plates 2 are sequentially fixedly connected inside the laser cutting machine frame 1. Each fixing plate 2 has a groove on its top, and a nail plate 3 is provided inside the groove. A first rack 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the nail plate 3. The first rack 301 passes through the fixing plate 2 and is slidably connected to the fixing plate 2. Multiple first springs 302 are fixedly connected between the nail plate 3 and the fixing plate 2. A metal plate 303 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first rack 301. A locking pin is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate 2 to restrict the descent of the first rack 301. The movable block 6 is located at the bottom of the nail plate 3. A movable part is provided on the outside of the movable block 6, and a pulling part is provided on the top of the movable block 6. When the pulling part moves to below the nail plate 3, it releases the locking of the latch and pulls the nail plate 3 down. A sliding block 7 is provided at the bottom of the moving block 6. A connecting piece is provided on the outside of the moving block 6 to drive the sliding block 7 to move. A cleaning mechanism for removing slag from the shrunken nail plate 3 is provided on the top of the sliding block 7. The moving part includes a first lead screw 5, which passes through the moving block 6 and is connected to the moving block 6 through a ball nut pair. A first horizontal plate 501 is fixedly connected inside the laser cutting machine frame 1. The first horizontal plate 501 passes through the moving block 6 and is slidably connected to the moving block 6. A second horizontal plate 502 is fixedly connected inside the laser cutting machine frame 1. The second horizontal plate 502 passes through the sliding block 7 and is slidably connected to the sliding block 7. The nozzle 103 is located at the bottom of the laser module 102. A detection component is also located at the bottom of the laser module 102 to detect whether the aluminum plate is placed horizontally.

[0028] In practice, laser cutting machines typically use multiple nail plates 3 to support the sheet metal. However, the cutting process generates a large amount of sparks and slag, which adhere to the nail plates 3. When the sheet metal is placed, the slag causes bulges, leading to errors during later cutting. Therefore, the nail plates 3 are usually cleaned periodically. However, oversights can occur during cleaning. If some nail plates 3 are not thoroughly cleaned, it is too tedious to remove the sheet metal and clean it again. To address this, the aluminum sheet is placed on multiple nail plates 3, and the laser module 102 is lowered by the moving module 101, causing the detection component at the bottom of the laser module 102 to contact the aluminum sheet to check its flatness. If the aluminum sheet shows unevenness when placed, it indicates that the outer side of the nail plates 3... If slag is present, the moving block 6 is moved to the underside of the corresponding nail plate 3 by the moving component. The pulling component releases the locking pin and pulls the nail plate 3 down. Then, the cleaning mechanism on the sliding block 7 cleans the downed nail plate 3. After cleaning, it is reset. Finally, the detection component detects the cutting position. Cutting is performed after the detection is qualified. This ensures that the plate is flat after each cutting after the aluminum plate is placed. When an abnormality in flatness is found in a certain area, the system can accurately locate the specific problematic nail plate through the moving component. The cleaning mechanism only lowers and cleans the specific nail plate without removing the entire plate or stopping the entire production line. This "precise" maintenance method greatly improves maintenance efficiency and minimizes interference with the production cycle.

[0029] In this embodiment, the detection component includes a protective cover 104, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the laser module 102 and sleeved on the bottom of the nozzle 103. Multiple pressure sensors 105 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the protective cover 104.

[0030] In practice, when the laser module 102 descends, it first contacts the surface of the aluminum plate through the protective cover 104. During the laser cutting process, the protective cover 104 can limit the sparks. At the same time, multiple pressure sensors 105 at the bottom of the protective cover 104 can determine whether the bottom support nail plate 3 is flat by the pressure value when it contacts the aluminum plate.

[0031] Example 2: The locking pin includes two mounting plates 401, both of which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 2. A fixing rod 403 is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two mounting plates 401. A pawl 402 is provided on the outside of the fixing rod 403 to limit the descent of the first rack 301. A torsion spring 404 is provided between the fixing rod 403 and the pawl 402. The two ends of the torsion spring 404 are fixedly connected to the fixing rod 403 and the pawl 402 respectively.

[0032] In practical implementation, multiple nail plates 3 are installed on the fixed plate 2 to support the board material. To ensure the stability of the nail plates 3, multiple first springs 302 are fixedly connected between the nail plates 3 and the fixed plate 2. The first springs 302 support the nail plates 3, and a pawl 402 is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate 2 to lock the outer side of the first rack 301, preventing the first rack 301 from falling down and ensuring that the nail plates 3 can stably support the board material. The cooperation between the first springs 302 and the pawl 402 provides continuous elastic support force. It can effectively absorb the impact when the board is placed and adapt to minor unevenness; while the pawl mechanism provides absolute rigid locking, ensuring that the support system has no displacement during the cutting process, fundamentally guaranteeing the ultra-high stability of the support; at the same time, when it is necessary to clean the nail plate 3, the lock of the pawl 402 is released, and the nail plate 3 can descend smoothly under control. After cleaning, under the restoring force of the first spring 302, the nail plate can rise smoothly and be automatically locked again by the pawl 402 in the precise initial working position. This mechanism greatly simplifies maintenance operations and ensures the accuracy of repeated positioning.

[0033] The locking pin also includes a fixed plate 405 fixedly connected to one side of the pawl 402. A horizontal shaft 406 is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed plate 405. A limit frame 407 is provided on the outside of the fixed plate 405. The horizontal shaft 406 extends into the inside of the limit frame 407 and is slidably connected to the limit frame 407. A support plate is fixedly connected between the two limit frames 407. A first telescopic rod 408 and a second spring 409 are fixedly connected between the support plate and the fixed plate 2. A pull plate 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, and a pull groove 411 is provided on one side of the pull plate 410.

[0034] The pulling component includes a fixed side plate 601, which is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block 6. A pressing shaft 602 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed side plate 601. When the moving block 6 moves to the bottom of the nail plate 3, the pressing shaft 602 slides into the pulling groove 411. A first electromagnet 603 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving block 6. After the first electromagnet 603 is energized, it magnetically attracts the metal plate 303.

[0035] In practical implementation, when the cleaning mechanism cleans the nail plate 3, since the nail plate 3 is below the board material, the board material on the nail plate 3 needs to be removed, which affects the cutting efficiency. Therefore, in this solution, the moving block 6 is moved by the moving mechanism to move it below the nail plate 3 that needs to be cleaned. At this time, the fixed side plate 601 fixedly connected to the top of the moving block 6 moves together with the moving block 6, so that the extrusion shaft 602 on one side of the fixed side plate 601 slides into the pull groove 411 opened on the pull plate 410. When it moves to the middle position of the pull groove 411, it pulls the pull plate 410 down by extrusion. The pull plate 410 drives the fixedly connected support plate down together, and the support plate carries... The moving limit frame 407 moves together with the moving block 6. The limit frame 407 drives the fixed plate 405 to rotate via the horizontal shaft 406, causing the pawl 402 to separate from the first rack 301, thereby releasing the restriction on the first rack 301. At this time, the first electromagnet 603 is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block 6. When the first electromagnet 603 is energized, it magnetically attracts the metal plate 303 at the bottom of the first rack 301, causing the nail plate 3 to compress the first spring 302 and lower the nail plate 3, making it easier for the subsequent cleaning mechanism to clean the outside of the nail plate 3 and avoiding collision with the aluminum plate. Through non-contact force transmission, rigid connection with moving parts is avoided, and the structure is simple and reliable. The strong magnetic force generated after energization can reliably overcome the elastic force of the first spring 302, driving the nail plate 3 to descend smoothly, making room for subsequent cleaning. The whole process does not require touching the upper plate, ensuring absolute safety and efficiency of operation.

[0036] Example 3: The cleaning mechanism includes two vertical plates 700, which are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the sliding block 7, and the two vertical plates 700 are arranged opposite each other. A cleaning frame 9 is provided on the opposite side of each of the two vertical plates 700. A connecting block 900 is fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning frame 9. The connecting block 900 is slidably connected to the inside of the vertical plate 700. A reciprocating screw 701 is rotatably connected to the outside of the vertical plate 700. The reciprocating screw 701 passes through the connecting block 900 and is connected to the connecting block 900 through a ball nut pair. The cleaning frame 9 is provided with a side cleaning component for removing slag from the side of the nail plate 3 and an inclined cleaning component for removing slag from the inclined surface of the nail plate 3.

[0037] The side cleaning component includes a cleaning scraper 902, which passes through one side of the cleaning frame 9 and is slidably connected to the cleaning frame 9. Multiple second telescopic rods 903 and a third spring 904 are fixedly connected between the cleaning scraper 902 and the inner side of the cleaning frame 9. Two guide plates 905 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the cleaning scraper 902. The two guide plates 905 pass through one side of the cleaning frame 9 and extend to both sides of the vertical plate 700. Guide plates 906 are fixedly connected to both sides of the vertical plate 700. Folding grooves are opened on the outer side of the guide plates 906. Part of the guide plates 905 extend into the folding grooves on the outer side of the guide plates 906. When the cleaning scraper 902 rises with the cleaning frame 9, the guide plates 905 move horizontally back and forth along the folding grooves, pulling the cleaning scraper 902 to reciprocate and retract.

[0038] In specific implementation, when the sliding block 7 moves to below the nail plate 3 via the connecting piece and the moving block 6, the vertical plates 700 on both sides of the sliding block 7 are respectively set on both sides of the nail plate 3. When the nail plate 3 needs to be cleaned, one end of the cleaning scraper 902 on the two cleaning frames 9 contacts one side of the nail plate 3, and one end of the cleaning scraper 902 is set in an M shape so that it can better fit the complex side contour of the nail plate 3, realize contour cleaning, increase the contact area, and avoid cleaning dead corners. By setting a first motor outside the vertical plate 700, the output shaft of the first motor rotates with the reciprocating screw 701. The reciprocating screw 701 drives the connecting block 900 to move back and forth, and the connecting block 900 drives the cleaning frame 9 to move back and forth. At this time, the cleaning scraper 902 contacts the outside of the nail plate 3. The scraper 902 is connected to a guide plate 905 at one end, which extends into the folding groove of the guide plate 906. This allows the scraper 902 to retract into the cleaning frame 9 after maintaining a stable distance, and then extend again to scrape away the slag on the outside of the scraper 902. This ensures thorough cleaning of the sides of the nail plate 3. The scraper 902 is designed with a periodic extension and retraction self-cleaning mechanism. Through the cooperation of the guide plate 905 and the special folding groove on the guide plate 906, the scraper 902 will regularly retract and extend during the reciprocating cleaning process. This action can automatically scrape away and shake off the slag accumulated on the scraper, effectively preventing the decrease in cleaning effect or the problem of mechanism jamming caused by slag accumulation, and ensuring the stability and reliability of long-term operation.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inclined cleaning component includes a sliding rod 114 fixedly connected inside the cleaning frame 9. Two sliding support plates 11 are slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rod 114. Push plates 111 are fixedly connected to the outside of each of the two sliding support plates 11. The push plates 111 pass through one end of the cleaning frame 9 and are slidably connected to the cleaning frame 9. A fourth spring 112 is fixedly connected between the push plate 111 and the cleaning frame 9. A traction elastic rope 113 is fixedly connected between the push plate 111 and the vertical plate 700. When the cleaning frame 9 rises, the traction elastic rope 113 pulls the push plate 111 towards the center of the cleaning frame 9. A drive shaft 12 is provided on one side of the sliding support plate 11. 2. A grinding sleeve 121 is fitted on the outer side, and multiple sliding strips 123 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding sleeve 121. The sliding strips 123 are slidably connected to the drive shaft 12. A second electromagnet 124 is fixedly connected to one end of the grinding sleeve 121. A return spring 125 is fixedly connected between the drive shaft 12 and the grinding sleeve 121. A fixed shaft 126 is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive shaft 12. The fixed shaft 126 passes through the sliding support plate 11 and is rotatably connected to the sliding support plate 11. A gear 127 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed shaft 126. A second rack 115 is fixedly connected inside the cleaning frame 9. The gear 127 is meshed with the second rack 115.

[0040] In practice, when cleaning the inclined surfaces on both sides of the nail plate 3, the second electromagnets 124 on the two cleaning frames 9 are energized. At this time, the two second electromagnets 124 attract each other magnetically, and the two grinding sleeves 121 slide out from the drive shaft 12 and are attracted at both ends. The grinding sleeves 121 contact the outside of the nail plate 3. When the cleaning frame 9 rises, the push plate 111 is pulled closer to the center of the cleaning frame 9 by the traction elastic rope 113, so that the grinding sleeves 121 rise continuously along the inclined surface of the nail plate 3. At the same time, when the fixed shaft 126 at one end of the drive shaft 12 moves, the gear 127 on the outside of the fixed shaft 126 meshes with the second rack 115. Then, the drive shaft 12 drives the grinding sleeves 121 to rotate through the sliding bar 123. The inclined surface cleaning process is not a simple linear motion, but a composite motion trajectory of spiraling upward along the inclined surface, which is controlled by the traction elastic rope 113 to control radial feed and driven by the meshing of the gear 127 and the second rack 115. This combination of "scraping" and "grinding" is more effective at removing stubborn slag than simple straight-line scraping, resulting in a significant improvement in cleaning efficiency and thoroughness. It is worth noting that the grinding sleeve 121 is connected to the drive shaft 12 via the sliding strip 123 and is equipped with a return spring 125. This design enables the grinding sleeve to have a certain buffering and floating adaptive capability when in contact with the beveled surface of the nail plate, so as to better fit the contour of the beveled surface and avoid the mechanism jamming or nail plate surface damage that may be caused by excessive rigidity, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the cleaning process. This solution utilizes the combined action of the side cleaning scraper and the inclined surface cleaning rotating grinding sleeve to create a three-dimensional, all-around cleaning system covering both the vertical and inclined surfaces of the nail plate. This ensures that slag can be effectively removed regardless of its location on the nail plate, fundamentally eliminating support protrusions caused by localized slag. It provides a near-ideal flat reference for laser cutting and is a crucial factor in ensuring the final cutting accuracy.

[0041] Example 5: The connector includes an electric push rod 801 fixedly connected to the outside of the movable block 6. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 801 is fixedly connected to a plug rod 802. The top of the sliding block 7 is provided with a positioning groove 803, and the plug rod 802 is adapted to the positioning groove 803.

[0042] In specific implementation, this solution connects the moving block 6 and the sliding block 7 via a connector. When the moving block 6 moves, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 801 in the connector pushes the insertion rod 802 to move. The insertion rod 802 inserts into the positioning groove 803 opened in the sliding block 7, thus ensuring that the moving block 6 can move the sliding block 7 in the same way. In order to reduce the adhesion of waste chips on the nail plate 3 during laser cutting, the moving block 6 and the sliding block 7 are separated during laser cutting. The moving block 6 alone drives the pulling component to lower the nail plate 3 below the laser cutting, avoiding direct contact between the nail plate 3 and the laser, thereby reducing the adhesion of molten slag on the nail plate 3. The controllable connection and separation of the moving block 6 and the sliding block 7 are achieved through the electric push rod and the insertion rod in the connector. This gives the equipment two working modes: "Execution Mode" where the two are separated and the moving block independently executes the nail plate pull-down, and "Maintenance Mode" where the two are connected and jointly perform the cleaning task. This modular function switching allows a single device to flexibly meet different needs. During laser cutting, by pulling down the nail plate 3 in the cutting area, it is kept at a safe distance from the high-temperature laser and molten metal sparks, which avoids the nail plate being directly burned and molten slag splashing and adhering from the source.

[0043] A laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the aluminum plate on multiple nail plates 3, and drive the laser module 102 to descend by moving module 101 so that the detection component at the bottom of the laser module 102 contacts the aluminum plate to detect the flatness of the aluminum plate. Step 2: When the aluminum plate is placed, if there is unevenness, it means that there is slag on the outside of the nail plate 3. At this time, the moving block 6 is moved to the bottom of the corresponding nail plate 3 by the moving part, the locking pin is released by the pulling part, and the nail plate 3 is pulled down. Step 3: The cleaning mechanism on the sliding block 7 cleans the descending nail plate 3, and resets it after cleaning is completed; Step 4: Finally, the cutting position is inspected using a testing tool. Cutting is carried out only after the inspection is passed.

[0044] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0045] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot, comprising a laser cutting frame (1), a laser module (102), a nozzle (103), and a moving module (101) for driving the laser module (102) to move, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple fixing plates (2) are sequentially fixedly connected inside the laser cutting machine frame (1), and each fixing plate (2) has a groove on its top, and each groove has a nail plate (3) inside. The bottom of the nail plate (3) is fixedly connected to a first rack (301), the first rack (301) passes through the fixing plate (2) and is slidably connected to the fixing plate (2). Multiple first springs (302) are fixedly connected between the nail plate (3) and the fixing plate (2). The bottom of the first rack (301) is fixedly connected to a metal plate (303). The bottom of the fixing plate (2) is provided with a locking pin for limiting the descent of the first rack (301). A movable block (6) is set at the bottom of the nail plate (3). A movable part is set on the outside of the movable block (6), and a pulling part is set on the top of the movable block (6). When the pulling part moves to the bottom of the nail plate (3), the locking of the latch is released and the nail plate (3) is pulled down. A sliding block (7) is provided at the bottom of the moving block (6). A connecting piece is provided on the outside of the moving block (6) to drive the sliding block (7) to move. A cleaning mechanism for removing slag from the shrunken nail plate (3) is provided on the top of the sliding block (7). A detection component is provided at the bottom of the laser module (102).

2. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-plate processing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking pin includes two mounting plates (401), both of which are fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing plate (2). A fixing rod (403) is fixedly connected to one side of each of the two mounting plates (401). A pawl (402) is provided on the outside of the fixing rod (403) to restrict the descent of the first rack (301). A torsion spring (404) is provided between the fixing rod (403) and the pawl (402). The two ends of the torsion spring (404) are fixedly connected to the fixing rod (403) and the pawl (402) respectively.

3. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-plate processing robot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking pin also includes a fixed plate (405) fixedly connected to one side of the pawl (402). A horizontal shaft (406) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed plate (405). A limit frame (407) is provided on the outside of the fixed plate (405). The horizontal shaft (406) extends into the inside of the limit frame (407) and slides in connection with the limit frame (407). A support plate is fixedly connected between the two limit frames (407). A first telescopic rod (408) and a second spring (409) are fixedly connected between the support plate and the fixed plate (2). A pull plate (410) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate, and a pull groove (411) is provided on one side of the pull plate (410).

4. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-plate processing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulling component includes a fixed side plate (601), which is fixedly connected to the top of the moving block (6), and a pressing shaft (602) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed side plate (601). When the moving block (6) moves to the bottom of the nail plate (3), the pressing shaft (602) slides into the pulling groove (411). A first electromagnet (603) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the moving block (6). After the first electromagnet (603) is energized, it magnetically attracts the metal plate (303).

5. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-plate processing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism includes two vertical plates (700), which are fixedly connected to the top two sides of the sliding block (7) and are arranged opposite to each other. A cleaning frame (9) is provided on the opposite side of each of the two vertical plates (700). A connecting block (900) is fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning frame (9). The connecting block (900) is slidably connected to the inside of the vertical plate (700). A reciprocating screw (701) is rotatably connected to the outside of the vertical plate (700). The reciprocating screw (701) passes through the connecting block (900) and is connected to the connecting block (900) through a ball nut pair. The cleaning frame (9) is provided with a side cleaning component for removing slag from the side of the nail plate (3) and an inclined cleaning component for removing slag from the inclined surface of the nail plate (3).

6. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side cleaning component includes a cleaning scraper (902), which penetrates one side of the cleaning frame (9) and is slidably connected to the cleaning frame (9). A plurality of second telescopic rods (903) and a third spring (904) are fixedly connected between the cleaning scraper (902) and one side inside the cleaning frame (9). Two guide plates (905) are fixedly connected to the outside of the cleaning scraper (902). The two guide plates (905) penetrate one side of the cleaning frame (9) and extend to both sides of the vertical plate (700). Guide plates (906) are fixedly connected to both sides of the vertical plate (700). Folding grooves are provided on the outside of the guide plates (906). Part of the guide plates (905) extend to the folding grooves on the outside of the guide plates (906). When the cleaning scraper (902) rises with the cleaning frame (9), the guide plates (905) move horizontally back and forth along the folding grooves, pulling the cleaning scraper (902) to reciprocate.

7. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-plate processing robot according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inclined cleaning component includes a sliding rod (114) fixedly connected inside the cleaning frame (9). Two sliding support plates (11) are slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rod (114). Push plates (111) are fixedly connected to the outside of the two sliding support plates (11). The push plates (111) pass through one end of the cleaning frame (9) and are slidably connected to the cleaning frame (9). A fourth spring (112) is fixedly connected between the push plate (111) and the cleaning frame (9). A traction elastic rope (113) is fixedly connected between the push plate (111) and the vertical plate (700). When the cleaning frame (9) rises, the traction elastic rope (113) pulls the push plate (111) to move towards the center of the cleaning frame (9). A drive shaft (12) is provided on one side of the sliding support plate (11). The drive shaft (12) is located on the outside of the drive shaft (12). A grinding sleeve (121) is fitted, and multiple sliding strips (123) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding sleeve (121). The sliding strips (123) are slidably connected to the drive shaft (12). A second electromagnet (124) is fixedly connected to one end of the grinding sleeve (121). A return spring (125) is fixedly connected between the drive shaft (12) and the grinding sleeve (121). A fixed shaft (126) is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive shaft (12). The fixed shaft (126) passes through the sliding support plate (11) and is rotatably connected to the sliding support plate (11). A gear (127) is fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed shaft (126). A second rack (115) is fixedly connected inside the cleaning frame (9). The gear (127) meshes with the second rack (115).

8. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connector includes an electric push rod (801) fixedly connected to the outside of the movable block (6), and a plug rod (802) is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (801). A positioning groove (803) is provided on the top of the sliding block (7), and the plug rod (802) is adapted to the positioning groove (803).

9. The laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-plate processing robot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component includes a protective cover (104), which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the laser module (102) and sleeved on the bottom of the nozzle (103). Multiple pressure sensors (105) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the protective cover (104).

10. A laser cutting method based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot, employing a laser cutting unit based on an aluminum single-panel processing robot as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the aluminum plate on multiple nail plates (3), and drive the laser module (102) to descend by moving module (101) so that the detection component at the bottom of the laser module (102) contacts the aluminum plate to detect the flatness of the aluminum plate. Step 2: When the aluminum plate is placed, if there is unevenness, it means that there is slag on the outside of the nail plate (3). At this time, the moving block (6) is moved to the bottom of the corresponding nail plate (3) by the moving part, the locking pin is released by the pulling part, and the nail plate (3) is pulled down. Step 3: The cleaning mechanism on the sliding block (7) cleans the descending nail plate (3), and resets it after cleaning is completed; Step 4: Finally, the cutting position is inspected using a testing tool. Cutting is carried out only after the inspection is passed.

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